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Group of simple sugar and carbohydrate compounds
Ribose is a simple sugar and carbohydrate with molecular formula C5H10O5 and the linear-form composition H−(C=O)−(CHOH)4−H. The naturally occurring form
Ribose
Family of large biological molecules
sugar-phosphate "backbone" of DNA contains deoxyribose, RNA contains ribose instead. Ribose has a hydroxyl group attached to the pentose ring in the 2' position
RNA
Rare metabolic genetic disorder resulting in leukoencephalopathy
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency (RPID) is an extremely rare human disorder caused by mutations in ribose-5-phosphate isomerase, an enzyme of the
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency
Ribose-5-phosphate_isomerase_deficiency
Chemical compound
indicates that it is a deoxy sugar, meaning that it is derived from the sugar ribose by loss of a hydroxy group. Discovered in 1929 by Phoebus Levene, deoxyribose
Deoxyribose
Family of proteins
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a family of proteins involved in a number of cellular processes such as DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed
Poly_(ADP-ribose)_polymerase
Addition of one or more ADP-ribose moieties to a protein
ADP-ribosylation is the addition of one or more ADP-ribose moieties to a protein. It is a reversible post-translational modification that is involved in
ADP-ribosylation
5-Carbon simple sugar
molecular weight is 150.13 g/mol. Pentoses are very important in biochemistry. Ribose is a constituent of RNA, and the related molecule, deoxyribose, is a constituent
Pentose
The Ribose repressor (RbsR) is a bacterial DNA-binding transcription repressor protein and a member of the LacI/GalR protein family. This group of proteins
Ribose_repressor
Chemical compound
Ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) is both a product and an intermediate of the pentose phosphate pathway. The last step of the oxidative reactions in the pentose
Ribose_5-phosphate
Pharmaceutical compound
D-Ribose-L-cysteine (RiboCeine) is a chemical compound developed as a cysteine prodrug intended to increase endogenous production of glutathione, a naturally
D-Ribose-L-cysteine
Chemical compound which is reduced and oxidized
nucleosides each contain a ribose ring, one with adenine attached to the first carbon atom (the 1' position) (adenosine diphosphate ribose) and the other with
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide
Biological molecules constituting nucleic acids
composed of three subunit molecules: a nucleobase, a five-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and a phosphate group consisting of one to three phosphates
Nucleotide
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (Rpi) encoded by the RPIA gene is an enzyme (EC 5.3.1.6) that catalyzes the conversion between ribose-5-phosphate (R5P) and
Ribose-5-phosphate_isomerase
Chemical compound
diphosphate ribose (ADPR) is an ester molecule formed into chains by the enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase. ADPR is created from cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR)
Adenosine_diphosphate_ribose
Enzyme
ADP-ribose 1′′-phosphate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.84, POA1, Appr1p phosphatase, Poa1p) is an enzyme with systematic name ADP-D-ribose 1′′-phosphate phosphohydrolase
ADP-ribose 1″-phosphate phosphatase
ADP-ribose_1″-phosphate_phosphatase
Class of enzymes
Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase (or phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase or ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase) is an enzyme that converts ribose
Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase
Ribose-phosphate_diphosphokinase
Chemical compound
Cyclic ADP-ribose, frequently abbreviated as cADPR, is a cyclic adenine nucleotide (like cAMP) with two phosphate groups present on 5' OH of the adenosine
Cyclic_ADP-ribose
D-Ribose pyranase is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of β-D-ribopyranose and β-D-ribofuranose. This enzyme is an isomerase that has only been
D-Ribose_pyranase
Biological molecule
as a guide RNA where a methyl group is added to the 2' hydroxyl of the ribose moiety of any nucleotide (Nm) producing a methoxy group. It can also be
2'-O-methylation
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) also known as NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 or poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded
PARP1
In enzymology, a ribose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.20) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction D-ribose ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-ribulose
Ribose_isomerase
Any of several glycosylamines comprising a nucleobase and a sugar molecule
a nucleobase (also termed a nitrogenous base) and a five-carbon sugar (ribose or 2'-deoxyribose) whereas a nucleotide is composed of a nucleobase, a five-carbon
Nucleoside
In enzymology, a ribose 1,5-bisphosphate phosphokinase (EC 2.7.4.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + ribose 1,5-bisphosphate ⇌
Ribose 1,5-bisphosphate phosphokinase
Ribose_1,5-bisphosphate_phosphokinase
Reaction that cleaves the RNA molecule
molecule. RNA is susceptible to this base-catalyzed hydrolysis because the ribose sugar in RNA has a hydroxyl group at the 2’ position. This feature makes
RNA_hydrolysis
Genetic mapping technique
Ribose-seq is a mapping technique used in genetics research to determine the full profile of embedded ribonucleotides, specifically ribonucleoside monophosphates
Ribose-seq
2-cyclic phosphate 5-phosphate + H2O = D-ribose 2,5-bisphosphate + H+ D-ribose 2,5-bisphosphate + H2O = D-ribose 5-phosphate + phosphate + H+ In Eggerthella
Phosphoribosyl 1,2-cyclic phosphate 1,2-diphosphodiesterase
Phosphoribosyl_1,2-cyclic_phosphate_1,2-diphosphodiesterase
Chemical compound
their ribose sugar. GTP has the guanine nucleobase attached to the 1' carbon of the ribose and it has the triphosphate moiety attached to ribose's 5' carbon
Guanosine_triphosphate
In enzymology, a ribose-5-phosphate adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.35) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ADP + D-ribose 5-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle
Ribose-5-phosphate adenylyltransferase
Ribose-5-phosphate_adenylyltransferase
Series of interconnected biochemical reactions
glycolysis. It generates NADPH and pentoses (five-carbon sugars) as well as ribose 5-phosphate, a precursor for the synthesis of nucleotides. While the pentose
Pentose_phosphate_pathway
(1''-2') linkage of ribose-ribose bond to produce free ADP-ribose Specific to (1''-2') linkage of ribose-ribose bond of poly(ADP-ribose). Miwa M, Sugimura
Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase
Poly(ADP-ribose)_glycohydrolase
Covalent bond joining a sugar molecule to another group
anomeric carbon of the ribose sugar structure through an N-glycosidic bond. Occasionally, the nucleobases attached to the ribose undergo deamination, alkylation
Glycosidic_bond
Biopolymer molecule composed of nucleotide monomers
evolution. Nam et al. demonstrated the direct condensation of nucleobases with ribose to give ribonucleosides in aqueous microdroplets, a key step leading to
Polynucleotide
Nucleotide containing ribose as its pentose component
In biochemistry, a ribonucleotide is a nucleotide containing ribose as its pentose component. It is considered a molecular precursor of nucleic acids.
Ribonucleotide
Uniformity of handedness
result of post-translational modifications of the original L-amino acid. Ribose and deoxyribose, the sugar components of RNA and DNA nucleotide monomers
Homochirality
Enzyme
ADP-ribose diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.13) is an enzyme that catalyzes a hydrolysis reaction in which water nucleophilically attacks ADP-ribose to produce
ADP-ribose_diphosphatase
Subtype of carbohydrates
replaced with a hydrogen atom. Examples include: Deoxyribose, or 2-deoxy-D-ribose, a constituent of DNA Fucose, or 6-deoxy-L-galactose, main component of
Deoxy_sugar
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARG gene. Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the major enzyme responsible
PARG
Specially altered nucleotide on the 5' end of pre-mRNA
hydroxy-groups of the first two ribose sugars of the 5′ end of the mRNA. cap-1 has a methylated 2′-hydroxy group on the first ribose sugar, while cap-2 has methylated
Five-prime_cap
Chemical compound
nucleoside guanosine. GMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase guanine; hence it is a ribonucleotide monophosphate
Guanosine_monophosphate
reaction ATP + S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribose ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate Thus, the two substrates
S-methyl-5-thioribose_kinase
Class of chemical compounds
tri-phosphate (rNTP) is composed of a ribose sugar, 3 phosphate groups attached via diester bonds to the 5' oxygen on the ribose and a nitrogenous base attached
RNTP
Chemical compound
Nicotinamide mononucleotide ("NMN" and "β-NMN") is a nucleotide derived from ribose, nicotinamide, nicotinamide riboside and niacin.[citation needed] In humans
Nicotinamide_mononucleotide
Protein found in humans
CD38 (cluster of differentiation 38), also known as cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase, is a glycoprotein found on the surface of many immune cells (white blood
CD38
Chemical compound
Ribose aminooxazoline (RAO) is a bicyclic pentose aminooxazoline that plays a central role in the prebiotic synthesis of RNA. RAO is a key intermediate
Ribose_aminooxazoline
Class of enzymes
Mn2+-dependent ADP-ribose/CDP-alcohol diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.53, Mn2+-dependent ADP-ribose/CDP-alcohol pyrophosphatase, ADPRibase-Mn) is an enzyme with
Mn2+-dependent ADP-ribose/CDP-alcohol diphosphatase
Mn2+-dependent_ADP-ribose/CDP-alcohol_diphosphatase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 14 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the PARP14 gene. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is an immediate DNA damage-dependent
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 14
Poly(ADP-ribose)_polymerase_family_member_14
Class of large biomolecules essential to all known life
ribonucleic acid (RNA). If the sugar is ribose, the polymer is RNA; if the sugar is deoxyribose, a variant of ribose, the polymer is DNA. Nucleic acids are
Nucleic_acid
Organic compound that consists only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
plants and chitin in arthropods and fungi). The 5-carbon monosaccharide ribose is an important component of coenzymes (e.g., ATP, FAD and NAD) and the
Carbohydrate
Chemical compound
also called β-D-ribofuranose 1-acetate 2,3,5-tribenzoate, is a ribose-derived compound used in nucleoside synthesis. In the patented formation
1-O-Acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranose
1-O-Acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranose
Pharmacological enzyme inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases
drugs that are a group of pharmacological inhibitors of the enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), which plays a role in repairing DNA in damaged cells
PARP_inhibitor
–O– linkage between phosphoric acid and two other compounds
RNA chains). The involved saccharide groups are deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA. In order for the phosphodiester bond to form, joining the nucleosides
Phosphodiester_bond
Simple sugars such as glucose and fructose
source and for the synthesis of starch, glycogen and cellulose, is a hexose. Ribose and deoxyribose (in RNA and DNA, respectively) are pentose sugars. Examples
Monosaccharide
Chemical compound
is formed from ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) by the enzyme ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase: It plays a role in transferring phospho-ribose groups in several
Phosphoribosyl_pyrophosphate
Proteinogenic amino acid
supplement, and used as an antidote in cases of acetaminophen overdose. D-ribose-L-cysteine (riboceine) is a chemical compound developed as a cysteine prodrug
Cysteine
5-methylthio-5-deoxy-D-ribose-1-phosphate ketol-isomerase, S-methyl-5-thio-5-deoxy-D-ribose-1-phosphate ketol-isomerase, S-methyl-5-thio-5-deoxy-D-ribose-1-phosphate
S-methyl-5-thioribose-1-phosphate isomerase
S-methyl-5-thioribose-1-phosphate_isomerase
Three-dimensional shape of a nucleic acid polymer
interactions with the minor groove are often mediated by the 2'-OH of the ribose sugar, this RNA motif looks very different from its DNA equivalent. The
Nucleic acid tertiary structure
Nucleic_acid_tertiary_structure
Chemical compound
nucleoside uridine. UMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase uracil; hence, it is a ribonucleotide monophosphate
Uridine_monophosphate
Class of animals with milk-producing glands
longer-lived species. The cellular level of the DNA repair enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase was found to correlate with species lifespan in a study of 13
Mammal
RNA-like molecule
(L-RNA aptamer, trade name Spiegelmer) is an RNA-like molecule built from L-ribose units. It is an artificial oligonucleotide named for being a mirror image
L-Ribonucleic_acid_aptamer
\rightleftharpoons } D-ribose 5-phosphate + adenine Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are AMP and H2O, whereas its two products are D-ribose 5-phosphate and
AMP_nucleosidase
Hypothetical stage in the early evolutionary history of life on Earth
group at the ribose 2' position. The major difference between RNA and DNA is the presence of a hydroxyl group at the 2'-position of the ribose sugar in RNA
RNA_world
Enzyme
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 7 (PARP7), also known as TCDD-inducible poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (TIPARP), is an enzyme of the PARP family that catalyzes
PARP7
American biochemist (1869–1940)
discovery of ribose and deoxyribose: P. A. Levene and L. W. Bass, Nucleic Acids, The Chemical Catalog Co., NY, 1931, pp 24 (deoxyribose) and 131 (ribose). Levene
Phoebus_Levene
Energy-carrying molecule in living cells
it consists of three components: a nitrogenous base (adenine), the sugar ribose, and the triphosphate. ATP consists of three parts: a sugar, an amine base
Adenosine_triphosphate
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP2 gene. It is one of the PARP family of enzymes. This gene encodes
PARP2
In enzymology, ribose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.1.1.115) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction D-ribose + NADP+ H2O H+ H2O H+ D-ribonic
Ribose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP+)
Ribose_1-dehydrogenase_(NADP+)
Chemical compound (cancer therapy drug)
advanced ovarian cancer in adults. It is a PARP inhibitor, inhibiting poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), an enzyme involved in DNA repair. It acts against cancers
Olaparib
PARP-1 dependent cell death
intracellular signals, parthanatos is caused by the accumulation of Poly(ADP ribose) (PAR) and the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)
Parthanatos
\rightleftharpoons } D-ribose 5-phosphate + hypoxanthine Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 5'-inosinate and H2O, whereas its two products are D-ribose 5-phosphate
Inosinate_nucleosidase
Nitrogen-containing biological compounds that form nucleosides
a long chain biomolecule. These chain-joins of phosphates with sugars (ribose or deoxyribose) create the "backbone" strands for a single- or double helix
Nucleotide_base
Cyclic nucleic acid
phosphate group and the 3' and 5' hydroxyl groups of the sugar, very often a ribose. Their biological significance includes a broad range of protein-ligand
Cyclic_nucleotide
Heterocyclic aromatic organic compound
with deoxyribose moiety and ribonucleosides (guanosine, adenosine) with ribose moiety. These nucleosides with phosphoric acid form corresponding nucleotides
Purine
Chemical compound
attached to adenine and two phosphate groups bonded to the 5-carbon atom of ribose. The diphosphate group of ADP is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar
Adenosine_diphosphate
End-to-end chemical orientation of a single strand of nucleic acid
the 5′ carbon of the ribose ring, and a 3′ end (usually pronounced "three-prime end"), which typically is unmodified from the ribose -OH substituent. In
Directionality (molecular biology)
Directionality_(molecular_biology)
Chemical compound
into nucleic acids. 7-Methylguanine is a natural inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and tRNA guanine transglycosylase (TGT) - and thus may
7-Methylguanine
Long-chain polymer of a N-acetylglucosamine
Threose Ketotetrose Erythrulose Pentoses Aldopentoses Arabinose Lyxose Ribose Xylose Ketopentoses Ribulose Xylulose Deoxy sugars Deoxyribose Hexoses Aldohexoses
Chitin
Chemical compound in DNA and RNA
inosine monophosphate (IMP), which in turn is synthesized from a pre-existing ribose phosphate through a complex pathway using atoms from the amino acids glycine
Adenine
Chemical compound
is a nucleoside molecule that is formed when cytosine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. Cytidine
Cytidine
InterPro Family
aldolase (EC 4.1.2.4) catalyzes the reversible chemical reaction 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase
Deoxyribose-phosphate_aldolase
Monosaccharide with five carbon atoms and a ketone functional group
the same stereochemistry at carbons 3 and 4 as the five-carbon aldoses ribose and arabinose. Guo, Zongren; Long, Liangkun; Ding, Shaojun (2020). "Characterization
Ribulose
Class of enzymes
Acetoin-ribose-5-phosphate transaldolase (EC 2.2.1.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes a chemical reaction whch produces 1-deoxy-D-altro-heptulose phosphate
Acetoin—ribose-5-phosphate transaldolase
Acetoin—ribose-5-phosphate_transaldolase
Gulose Idose Lyxose Mannose Mannoheptulose Psicose (also called allulose) Ribose Ribulose Rhamnose Sorbose Sedoheptulose Talose Tagatose Xylose Xylulose
List_of_sugars
Natural plant polysaccharides
Threose Ketotetrose Erythrulose Pentoses Aldopentoses Arabinose Lyxose Ribose Xylose Ketopentoses Ribulose Xylulose Deoxy sugars Deoxyribose Hexoses Aldohexoses
Inulin
Enzyme
base, by cleavage of the 2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate sugar unit: thymidine Pi Pi 2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate + thymine Thymidine phosphorylase
Thymidine_phosphorylase
Polysaccharide gum used as a food additive and thickener
Threose Ketotetrose Erythrulose Pentoses Aldopentoses Arabinose Lyxose Ribose Xylose Ketopentoses Ribulose Xylulose Deoxy sugars Deoxyribose Hexoses Aldohexoses
Xanthan_gum
Naming system for building blocks of carbohydrate
and there is no 'L-' form. A distinct common name, such as "glucose" or "ribose", is traditionally assigned to each pair of mirror-image stereoisomers,
Monosaccharide_nomenclature
Class of enzymes
Base + α-D-Ribose 1-Phosphate The enzyme catalyzes reversible interconversion of purine nucleoside and phosphate into purine base and α-D-ribose 1-phosphate
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Purine_nucleoside_phosphorylase
Class of chemical compounds
nucleoside containing a nitrogenous base bound to a 5-carbon sugar (either ribose or deoxyribose), with three phosphate groups bound to the sugar. They are
Nucleoside_triphosphate
Longest chain of covalently-bonded atoms in a polymer
form by the condensation of a hydroxy group on a ribose with the phosphate group on another ribose. This linkage is called a phosphodiester bond. The
Polymer_backbone
Chemical reaction involving the formation of sugars from formaldehyde
react with 1 to form ribulose (4), which can isomerize to give rise to ribose (5), an important building block of ribonucleic acid. The reaction conditions
Formose_reaction
Chemical compound
5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide. AMP consists of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. It is an ester of phosphoric acid and the nucleoside
Adenosine_monophosphate
Simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound
cations, all formulas of ionic compounds are empirical. Glucose (C6H12O6), ribose (C5H10O5), acetic acid (C2H4O2), and formaldehyde (CH2O) all have different
Empirical_formula
One of the five major nucleosides in nucleic acids
Urd) is a glycosylated pyrimidine analog containing uracil attached to a ribose ring (or more specifically, a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond.
Uridine
oxidative damage done to cells in diabetes damages DNA and causes poly (ADP ribose) polymerases or PARPs to be activated, such as PARP1. Both processes reduce
Pseudohypoxia
Topics referred to by the same term
Rivaldo ribo- is a combining form referring to the sugar ribose or some compound with a ribose component, including: ribonucleic acid (RNA) riboflavin
RIBO
Chemical compound
treatment of cancer. It first-in-class selective inhibitor of poly-ADP ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1), designed to treat cancers with homologous recombination
Saruparib
Chemical compound
replacement of a hydroxyl group (-OH) by hydrogen (-H) at the 2′ position of its ribose sugar moiety. Deoxyadenosine is the DNA nucleoside A, which pairs with deoxythymidine
Deoxyadenosine
Class of enzymes
1-methyladenine + D-ribose Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 1-methyladenosine and H2O, whereas its two products are 1-methyladenine and D-ribose. This enzyme
1-methyladenosine nucleosidase
1-methyladenosine_nucleosidase
pseudouridylate synthase (EC 4.2.1.70) catalyzes the chemical reaction uracil + D-ribose 5-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } pseudouridine 5′-phosphate
Pseudouridylate_synthase
Chemical reactions and pathways involving lysis of purine nucleotides
synthesized as nucleotides and in particular as ribotides, i.e. bases attached to ribose 5-phosphate. Both adenine and guanine are derived from the nucleotide inosine
Purine_metabolism
RIBOSE
RIBOSE
RIBOSE
RIBOSE
Female
English
Diminutive form of Latin Lora ("sorrowful"), LORINA means "little sorrowful one."
Girl/Female
Biblical
Adorned, bursting the veil.
Boy/Male
Teutonic
Strong helmet.
Girl/Female
African, British, English, French, German
Feminine of Charles
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Bending
Biblical
good man
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Vineyard.
Boy/Male
German
Little hacker.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Arabic, French, Muslim
Correct; Right; Sound
RIBOSE
RIBOSE
RIBOSE
RIBOSE
RIBOSE