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Effects of ionizing radiation
Radiation damage is the effect of ionizing radiation on physical objects including non-living structural materials. It can be either detrimental or beneficial
Radiation_damage
Waves or particles moving through space
particle radiation consisting of particles of non-zero rest energy, such as alpha radiation (α), beta radiation (β), proton radiation and neutron radiation acoustic
Radiation
Result of nuclear radiation exposure
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS), also known as radiation sickness or radiation poisoning, is a collection of health effects that are caused by being exposed
Acute_radiation_syndrome
Damage to skin or biological tissue from radiation exposure
A radiation burn is a damage to the skin or other biological tissue and organs as an effect of radiation. The radiation types of greatest concern are
Radiation_burn
Form of electromagnetic radiation
Ultraviolet radiation (UV; sometimes called ultraviolet light) is electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths of 100–400 nanometers, shorter than that of
Ultraviolet
Making devices resist ionizing radiation
Radiation hardening is the process of making electronic components and circuits resistant to damage or malfunction caused by high levels of ionizing radiation
Radiation_hardening
Therapy using ionizing radiation, usually to treat cancer
radiographer. Radiation therapy is commonly applied to the cancerous tumor because of its ability to control cell growth. Ionizing radiation works by damaging the
Radiation_therapy
Change in a thing that degrades it away from its initial state
materials not resistant to its effects, and radiation damage due to ionizing radiation. Some kinds of damage are specific to vehicles and mechanical or
Damage
Harmful high-frequency radiation
ionizing radiation causes cell damage to living tissue and organ damage. In high acute doses, it will result in radiation burns and radiation sickness
Ionizing_radiation
Technique used to date materials such as rocks or carbon
Instead, they are a consequence of background radiation on certain minerals. Over time, ionizing radiation is absorbed by mineral grains in sediments and
Radiometric_dating
have harmful effects on living organisms. As a result, the study of radiation damage also became a part of this history. While radioactive materials and
History of radiation protection
History_of_radiation_protection
Nuclear power plant component
resistant to radiation damage. In 2018 Rosatom announced it had developed a thermal annealing technique for RPVs which ameliorates radiation damage and extends
Reactor_pressure_vessel
American glassblower and early victim of radiation dermatitis
poisonously my assistant, Mr. Dally." By 1900, Clarence Dally was suffering radiation damage to his hands and face sufficient to require time off work. Due to him
Clarence_Madison_Dally
Study of the interactions between radiation and matter
high-energy particles produce damage in non-metallic materials, such as ion tracks and fission tracks in minerals. The radiation damage event is defined as the
Radiation_material_science
Ionizing radiation that presents as free neutrons
Neutron radiation is a form of ionizing radiation that presents as free neutrons. Typical phenomena are nuclear fission or nuclear fusion causing the
Neutron_radiation
Rockets using antimatter as their power source
high-energy flux of gamma radiation. The gamma rays and the high-energy charged pions will cause heating and radiation damage if they are not shielded
Antimatter propulsion spacecraft
Antimatter_propulsion_spacecraft
Health problem caused by frequent doses of ionizing radiation
low enough to permit natural repair mechanisms to compete with the radiation damage during the exposure period. Dose rates high enough to cause the acute
Chronic_radiation_syndrome
Phenomena in semiconductor detectors
the induced defects in the semiconductor bulk. At room temperature radiation damage induced defects temporarily trap electrons and holes resulting from
Lazarus_effect
Three-dimensional imaging technique
samples compared to samples in materials science and physics due to radiation damage. In most other electron microscopy-based methods for imaging biological
Cryogenic_electron_tomography
Type of nerve damage
Radiation-induced lumbar plexopathy (RILP) or radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy (RILSP) is nerve damage in the pelvis and lower spine area caused
Radiation-induced lumbar plexopathy
Radiation-induced_lumbar_plexopathy
Intestinal disease due to radiation exposure
(Redirected from "Pelvic Radiation Disease") Radiation enteropathy is a syndrome that may develop following abdominal or pelvic radiation therapy for cancer
Radiation_enteropathy
Severe events involving radioactive materials
A nuclear and radiation accident is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "an event that has led to significant consequences to
Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents
Nuclear_and_radiation_accidents_and_incidents
resolution and is rather damaging to the sample material. STXM with variable X-ray energy gives high spectral resolution. Radiation damage effects are typically
Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy
Scanning_transmission_X-ray_microscopy
Isotope of polonium
intense radioactivity, mostly due to alpha particles, which easily cause radiation damage, including cancer in surrounding tissue. The specific activity of 210
Polonium-210
Penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation
A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from high-energy interactions like the
Gamma_ray
X-ray fluoroscope machines installed in shoe stores 1920s-1970s
an adult. Hands and feet are relatively resistant to other forms of radiation damage, such as carcinogenesis. Although most of the dose was directed at
Shoe-fitting_fluoroscope
Medical condition
Radiation proctitis or radiation proctopathy is a condition characterized by damage to the rectum after exposure to x-rays or other ionizing radiation
Radiation_proctitis
Form of electromagnetic radiation
Infrared (IR; sometimes called infrared light) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with wavelengths longer than that of visible light but shorter than
Infrared
Form of electromagnetic radiation
are ionizing radiation and exposure can be hazardous to health, causing DNA damage, cancer and, at higher intensities, burns and radiation sickness. Their
X-ray
Emissions from unstable atomic nuclei
disintegration) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. A material containing unstable nuclei is considered radioactive. Three
Radioactive_decay
Less harmful range of electromagnetic energy
exposure to it can cause burns, radiation sickness, many kinds of cancer, and genetic damage. Using ionizing radiation requires elaborate radiological
Non-ionizing_radiation
Rare or fictional material
qualities of lightness, strength at high temperatures, and resistance to radiation damage; a combination of all three qualities is impossible with today's materials
Unobtainium
DNA damage caused by radiation or inhibit its repair. Halogenated pyrimidines: Incorporate into DNA, making it more susceptible to radiation damage. Platinum
Radiosensitizer
Unproven hypothesis regarding low doses of ionizing radiation on health
Radiation hormesis is the hypothesis that low doses of ionizing radiation (within the region of and just above natural background levels) are beneficial
Radiation_hormesis
Type of microscope with electrons as a source of illumination
imaging thicker samples or for specialized applications such as studying radiation damage. These instruments are much larger than standard transmission electron
Electron_microscope
Radiation testing site in Wisconsin, US
The Enterprise Radiation Forest is a forest in Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States, near the town of Enterprise. It was the subject of a study on
Enterprise_Radiation_Forest
Ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 10–121nm
Extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV or XUV) or high-energy ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum
Extreme_ultraviolet
Range of safety measures
contamination. Ionizing radiation is widely used in industry and medicine, and can present a significant health hazard by causing microscopic damage to living tissue
Radiation_protection
to ionizing radiation such as energetic electrons, protons, neutrons, X-rays, Ƴ-radiation, etc., they undergo 'damage'. The term 'damage' primarily refers
Radiation effects on optical fibers
Radiation_effects_on_optical_fibers
Electron microscopy technique
transmission electron microscopy of biological samples was limited because of radiation damage from the high energy electron beams. Scientists hypothesized that examining
Cryo-electron_microscopy
Ionizing radiation particle of two protons and two neutrons
Alpha particles, also called alpha rays or alpha radiation, consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to the nucleus
Alpha_particle
Method to determine atomic positions in solids using an electron microscope
crystallography, where that radiation damage is focused on far fewer atoms. One technique used to limit radiation damage is electron cryomicroscopy, in
Electron_crystallography
Type of radioactive decay
significant amount of energy, which also causes ionization damage (see ionizing radiation). This energy is roughly the weight of the alpha (4 Da) divided
Alpha_decay
Group of natural pigments found in most organisms
9% of absorbed UV radiation. Because of this property, eumelanin is thought to protect skin cells from UVA and UVB radiation damage, reducing the risk
Melanin
Physical model of propagating energy
In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or an electromagnetic wave (EMW) is a self-propagating wave of the electromagnetic field that carries momentum
Electromagnetic_radiation
Oxide mineral
U, Th)(Nb, Ta, Ti) 2O 6. It is commonly partially amorphous due to radiation damage. Euxenite forms a continuous series with the titanium rich polycrase-(Y)
Euxenite
Retarding force acting on charged particles due to interactions with matter
weaker than the electronic at all energies. Especially in the field of radiation damage in detectors, the term "non-ionizing energy loss" (NIEL) is used as
Stopping power (particle radiation)
Stopping_power_(particle_radiation)
Elastic interaction of x-rays with electrons
ionizing radiation can cause radiation damage to samples, particularly macromolecular crystals. Cryo crystallography can protect the sample from radiation damage
X-ray_diffraction
Derived SI unit of equivalent dose of ionizing radiation
health risk of ionizing radiation, which is defined as the probability of causing radiation-induced cancer and genetic damage. The sievert is important
Sievert
Extremophile species of bacterium
Deinococcus radiodurans is a bacterium, an extremophile and one of the most radiation-resistant organisms known. It can survive cold, dehydration, vacuum, and
Deinococcus_radiodurans
Sulfate mineral series
(calcium tungstate, CaWO4), but can be metamict (amorphous) due to radiation damage from its small content of thorium. It is found as needle-like or prismatic
Fergusonite
Zirconium silicate mineral
content, some zircons undergo metamictization. Connected to internal radiation damage, these processes partially disrupt the crystal structure and partly
Zircon
Type of radiometric dating
decay steps, the zircon crystal experiences radiation damage, associated with each alpha decay. This damage is most concentrated around the parent isotope
Uranium–lead_dating
Medical procedure
radiation. In proton therapy, medical personnel use a particle accelerator to target a tumor with a beam of protons. These charged particles damage the
Proton_therapy
Plastic
rate. However, along the paths of damage left by charged particle interaction the concentration of radiation damage allows the chemical agent to attack
CR-39
Medical condition
Radiation colitis is injury to the colon caused by radiation therapy. It is usually associated with treatment for prostate cancer or cervical cancer. Common
Radiation_colitis
Cancer caused by ionizing radiation exposure
Exposure to ionizing radiation is known to increase the future incidence of cancer, particularly leukemia. The mechanism by which this occurs is well
Radiation-induced_cancer
rapidly than lethal radiation effects as explosive yield increases. This bubble is faster than the speed of sound. The physical damage mechanisms of a nuclear
Effects_of_nuclear_explosions
SI derived unit of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation
induction and genetic damage. The gray measures the total absorbed energy of radiation, but the probability of stochastic damage also depends on the type
Gray_(unit)
Disaster exclusion zone in Ukraine
the death of 400 hectares of the most immediate pine trees, though radiation damage can be found in an area of tens of thousands of hectares. An additional
Chernobyl_exclusion_zone
British pharmacologist
disorders among the survivors which was due to a lack of platelets due to radiation damage. This drove much of his later research. He developed a simple device
Gustav_Victor_Rudolf_Born
Measurement of strength of sunburn-producing ultraviolet (UV) radiation
protect themselves from UV radiation, which has health benefits in moderation but in excess causes sunburn, skin aging, DNA damage, skin cancer, immunosuppression
Ultraviolet_index
Device measuring ionizing radiation exposure
primarily used to estimate the radiation dose deposited in an individual wearing the device. Ionising radiation damage to the human body is cumulative
Dosimeter
Species of archaeon
Christophe; Confalonieri, Fabrice (March 2009). "Recovery of ionizing-radiation damage after high doses of gamma ray in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus
Thermococcus_gammatolerans
Radiation damage centre in silicon
The T centre is a radiation damage centre in silicon composed of a carbon-carbon pair (C-C) sharing a substitutional site of the silicon lattice. Additionally
T_centre
Chemical element with atomic number 99 (Es)
and has a noticeably high volatility. In order to reduce the self-radiation damage, most measurements of solid einsteinium and its compounds are performed
Einsteinium
Burning of the skin by the sun's radiation
inflammatory response in the tissue triggered by the nucleic acid damage caused by UV radiation. Sun protective measures like sunscreen and sun protective clothing
Sunburn
Chemical compound
result in radiation damage to internal tissues, especially the lungs and bones. Long term, in addition to effects from short term exposure, damage may include
Uranium_dioxide
Radiotherapy machine involved in six accidents
The Therac-25 was a computer-controlled radiation therapy machine produced by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) in 1982 after the Therac-6 (neptune)
Therac-25
Series of US government research studies
propensity to accumulate Sr-90 and thus the highest susceptibility to radiation damage. SUNSHINE elicited a great deal of controversy when it was revealed
Project_SUNSHINE
Deep geological repository for radioactive waste in Finland
were drawn. In 2019, another study concluded that radiation effects should not significantly damage the canisters during 100,000 years. Danish director
Onkalo spent nuclear fuel repository
Onkalo_spent_nuclear_fuel_repository
Technique used for determining crystal structures and identifying mineral compounds
the incoming X-ray radiation. A single crystal may degrade too much during the collection of one data set, owing to radiation damage; in such cases, data
X-ray_crystallography
Burn caused by microwave radiation
dominant mechanism of tissue damage is internal cell damage caused by free radicals, the type of burn caused by microwave radiation is by heat—health effects
Microwave_burn
High intensity conflagration
Unintentional-irony.blogspot.no. Retrieved 11 May 2016. Chris Cavanagh. "Thermal Radiation Damage". Holbert.faculty.asu.edu. Archived from the original on 16 March 2018
Firestorm
Two-terminal electronic component
finite life, especially when detecting heavy particles, because of radiation damage. Silicon and germanium are quite different in their ability to convert
Diode
greater than biological samples can handle before being destroyed by radiation damage. Life science studies still heavily rely on conventional TEMs, which
Aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy
Aberration-corrected_transmission_electron_microscopy
Fictional species in the Fallout franchise
low-level radiation and even receive physical benefits when exposed to it. Ghouls are sterile and incapable of procreation due to the irreversible damage caused
Ghoul_(Fallout)
Scientific study of macromolecules
Radiation damaged is reduced by more than 70 fold at cryo temperatures. A recent review paper explains the development of reduced radiation damage in
Cryo_bio-crystallography
Topics referred to by the same term
damage, metal degradation processes due to interaction with hydrogen Property damage, damage to public or private property Radiation damage, damage or
Damage_(disambiguation)
of time spent in the beam by the crystal, thus reducing potential radiation damage to the molecule while collecting data. SAD also allows a wider choice
Single-wavelength anomalous diffraction
Single-wavelength_anomalous_diffraction
Range of frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. The spectrum is divided into separate
Electromagnetic_spectrum
Concept in crystallography
B-factor can also be used to analyze radiation damage caused by the X-ray crystallography process. Localized radiation damage tends to show up as an increase
Debye–Waller_factor
High-energy particle, mainly originating outside the Solar System
ionizing radiation can cause molecular damage and mutations, and astrophysical and geochemical work documents episodes of enhanced cosmic radiation, but robust
Cosmic_ray
Impure form of polycrystalline diamond
suggested that the radiation damage occurred after formation of the carbonados, an observation perhaps pertinent to the radiation hypothesis listed below
Carbonado
because it requires a synchrotron beamline, a longer exposure (risking radiation damage), and only allows a limited choice of heavy atoms (those with edges
Multi-wavelength anomalous diffraction
Multi-wavelength_anomalous_diffraction
Topics referred to by the same term
Radiation effects may refer to: Radiation damage on physical objects due to ionizing radiation Radiation exposure, a measure of the ionization of air due
Radiation_effects
Software for simulating ionic interactions with solid matter
collision approximation. SRIM is widely used in ion implantation, radiation damage studies, and materials science to estimate ion ranges, energy deposition
Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter
Stopping_and_Range_of_Ions_in_Matter
Electricity generation by nuclear fusion
the production of large quantities of radioactive waste and serious radiation damage to reactor components. Additionally, naturally occurring tritium is
Fusion_power
Ionizing radiation
ionising effect, the greater the damage to living tissue, but also the lower the penetrating power of the radiation through matter. The ionising effect
Beta_particle
particle detector; particle accelerators use absorbers to reduce the radiation damage on accelerator components. Absorbers are used in ionization cooling
Absorber
Canadian physicist and chemist (1910–1946)
exposure to extremely intense ionizing radiation. Slotin's colleagues rushed him to the hospital, but the radiation damage was irreversible. The six other men
Louis_Slotin
Computer simulations to discover and understand chemical properties
first realistic simulation of matter, J.B. Gibson et al. simulated radiation damage of solid copper by using a Born–Mayer type of repulsive interaction
Molecular_dynamics
Applications of liquid helium
structures of proteins. However, higher energy crystallography incurs radiation damage to the proteins studied. Cryogenic helium systems can be used with
Helium_cryogenics
Natural process occurring on minerals
substituting for zirconium in the crystal structure is responsible for the radiation damage in this case. Unaffected specimens are termed high zircon while metamict
Metamictisation
Electromagnetic radiation generated by the thermal motion of particles
Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation emitted by the thermal motion of particles in matter. All matter with a temperature greater than absolute
Thermal_radiation
Halide mineral
is due to a broad absorption peaking at 512 nm. It is a result of radiation damage to the crystal. It occurs in nepheline syenite intrusives and in nepheline
Villiaumite
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
voltage steps completed the cycle. This engineering experiment measured radiation damage to semiconductor devices. This experiment was designed to determine
Explorer_55
1986 Chernobyl disaster cleanup personnel
brief structured information on their input. Data fields include "Radiation damage suffered", "Field of liquidation activity" and "Subsequent fate". The
Chernobyl_liquidators
strength at high temperatures. They also protect the metal against radiation damage. On the other hand, they exclude the possibly of heat treatment or
Glidcop
Resistant to radiation damage, possible applications in betavoltaics. III-V 2 Boron arsenide B12As2 3.47 indirect Resistant to radiation damage, possible
List of semiconductor materials
List_of_semiconductor_materials
RADIATION DAMAGE
RADIATION DAMAGE
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Tradition
Boy/Male
Muslim
Mediation. Advocacy.
Girl/Female
Indian
Tradition
Girl/Female
Gaelic, Indian, Kannada
Tradition
Girl/Female
Tamil
Ratnaprabha | ரதà¯à®¨à®ªà¯à®°à®ªà®¾
Radiation from the diamonds
Ratnaprabha | ரதà¯à®¨à®ªà¯à®°à®ªà®¾
Boy/Male
Muslim
Intercession, Mediation
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Tradition
Boy/Male
Muslim
Mediation. Advocacy.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Tradition
Girl/Female
Danish, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Tradition
Boy/Male
Tamil
Tradition, Culture
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Tradition
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Tradition
Girl/Female
Hindu
Tradition, Culture
Girl/Female
Tamil
Tradition, Culture
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Variation
Girl/Female
Hindu
Radiation from the diamonds
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Tradition
Boy/Male
Indian
Intercession, Mediation
Boy/Male
Hindu
Tradition, Culture
RADIATION DAMAGE
RADIATION DAMAGE
Girl/Female
Tamil
Dhnashri | தநாஷà¯à®°à¯€Â
Goddess of wealth, Goddess Lakshmi, A Raaga in hindustani classical music
Biblical
a conqueror; victorious
Boy/Male
Hindu
Dawn, Morning
Boy/Male
Hindu
Indra devta
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Lord Shiva
Girl/Female
Latin
Firstborn.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord Krishna
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Pilgrim
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Ernest, EARNEST means "battle (to the death), serious business."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
A Part of Love
RADIATION DAMAGE
RADIATION DAMAGE
RADIATION DAMAGE
RADIATION DAMAGE
RADIATION DAMAGE
n.
The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like the diverging rays of light; as, the radiation of heat.
n.
The disposition of the roots of a plant.
n.
Variety; gradation; degree.
n.
The process of taking root, or state of being rooted; as, the radication of habits.
n.
The act of progressing by regular steps or orderly arrangement; the state of being graded or arranged in ranks; as, the gradation of castes.
a.
Radiating; radiant.
v. t.
To transmit by way of tradition; to hand down.
n.
Emission of radiance.
n.
The measurement of the force of solar radiation.
n.
The act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness.
a.
Capable of radiating; acting by radiation.
n.
Radiation of light.
n.
That which radiates or emits rays, whether of light or heat; especially, that part of a heating apparatus from which the heat is radiated or diffused; as, a steam radiator.
n.
Mediation.
adv.
Without variation.
adv.
By tradition.
n.
The act of graduating, or the state of being graduated; as, graduation of a scale; graduation at a college; graduation in color; graduation by evaporation; the graduation of a bird's tail, etc.
n.
The act of varying; a partial change in the form, position, state, or qualities of a thing; modification; alternation; mutation; diversity; deviation; as, a variation of color in different lights; a variation in size; variation of language.
n.
Eradication.
a.
Pertaining to mediation; used in mediation; as, mediative efforts.