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Analytical technique
improvement. History of electrophoresis Electrophoretic mobility shift assay Gel extraction Isoelectric focusing Pulsed field gel electrophoresis Nonlinear frictiophoresis
Gel_electrophoresis
Lab technique for separation of DNA
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is a technique used for the separation of large DNA molecules by applying an electric field that periodically
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
Pulsed-field_gel_electrophoresis
Motion of charged particles in electric field
History of gel electrophoresis Immunoelectrophoresis Isoelectric focusing Isotachophoresis Nonlinear frictiophoresis Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis Stokes
Electrophoresis
Method for separation and analysis of biomolecules using agarose gel
standard agarose gel electrophoresis is around 750 kb, but resolution of over 6 Mb is possible with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). It can also
Agarose_gel_electrophoresis
Technique to separate DNA or RNA fragments
size of the gel. Separation of very large DNA fragments requires pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In field inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE, a
Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
Gel_electrophoresis_of_nucleic_acids
Heteropolysaccharide found in red algae
with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). It can also be used to separate large protein molecules, and it is the preferred matrix for the gel electrophoresis
Agarose
diagnose an unknown microbe. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate large DNA in an electric field that periodically changes direction
Diagnostic_microbiology
Genus of bacteria
testing and by other molecular biology techniques such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, and, increasingly, whole genome
Salmonella
isotachophoresis, preparative native PAGE, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis Electrophoresis (journal) History of biochemistry History
History_of_electrophoresis
Species of Gram-positive bacterium
other methods such as multilocus sequence typing (MLST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), bacteriophage typing, spa locus typing, and SCCmec
Staphylococcus_aureus
Bacterium that causes tuberculosis
Until the early 2000s, M. tuberculosis strains were typed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. This has now been superseded by variable numbers of tandem
Mycobacterium_tuberculosis
Electronic circuit or test equipment
medical, physics, and chemistry. For example, pulse generators are used in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to separate DNA molecules by size. Joel M. Libove;
Pulse_generator
Bioinformatics software suite
1998. PulseNet, a network run by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), uses BioNumerics to compare pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)
BioNumerics
Illness from eating spoiled or contaminated food
jurisdictions that might otherwise appear unrelated. Prior to WGS, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) served as the standard subtyping method for over two
Foodborne_illness
American biochemist (born 1946)
has also developed electroporation techniques, a method for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and methods for analyzing microarray data. Chu received the
Gilbert_Chu
Nigerian academic (born 1958)
sex with men in Nigeria, 2007 Associated risk factors and pulsed field gel electrophoresis of nasal isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from medical students
Folasade_Ogunsola
American ice cream chain
typhimurium (S. typhimurium) with an indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtype (CDC PulseNet pattern JPXX01.1173) had been identified. The
Cold_Stone_Creamery
American molecular geneticist
geneticist who, in conjunction with David Schwartz, developed pulse field gel electrophoresis for very large DNA molecules. Cantor's three-volume book Biophysical
Charles_Cantor
Public health network
clones of foodborne pathogens. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) Infectious disease Outbreak Foodborne illness PulseNet. "About". www.cdc.gov. Centers
PulseNet
Disease caused by C. difficile bacteria
restriction endonuclease analysis, as North American pulse-field-type NAP1 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and as ribotype 027; the differing terminology
Clostridioides difficile infection
Clostridioides_difficile_infection
– Quick release skewer Charles Cantor (born 1942), U.S. – Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (molecular biology) Mario Ramberg Capecchi (born 1937), together
List_of_inventors
Strain of bacterium
the South Pacific. Molecular evidence, that is, a specific pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile, suggests that the distinct genotype of El Tor strain
El_Tor
fundamentally determines its identity. Thus, gel electrophoresis techniques like pulsed-field gel electrophoresis can be used in molecular epidemiology to
Molecular_epidemiology
enzymes, the Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) process can begin: alternating voltages are combined with a standard gel electrophoresis that results
Long-range restriction mapping
Long-range_restriction_mapping
Species of bacterium
Subspecies as Revealed by Biofilm, Antibiotic Resistance, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Profiling". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 51 (1): 9–14
Staphylococcus_capitis
Abilities of copper to kill or stop the growth of microorganisms
difficile during an outbreak associated with North American pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type 1 strains". American Journal of Infection Control. 37
Antimicrobial properties of copper
Antimicrobial_properties_of_copper
Species of bacteria
restriction endonuclease analysis, as North American pulse-field-type NAP1 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and as ribotype 027; the differing terminology
Clostridioides_difficile
Species of bacterium
or severity has not been established for S. dysgalactiae. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis has historically been employed for the exploration of clonal
Streptococcus_dysgalactiae
Molecular biology technique to type organisms
proposed to determine the relatedness of pathogens such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), ribotyping, and PCR-based fingerprinting. But these
Multilocus_sequence_typing
Genus of bacteria
repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based PCR, ribotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), random amplified polymorphic DNA, amplified fragment
Acinetobacter
Species of bacterium
Intraspecific characterization of Vibrio tapetis strains by use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, ribotyping, and plasmid profiling. Applied and Environmental
Vibrio_tapetis
Genus of bacteria
phenotyping of Lactococcus garvieae isolates from fish by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and electron microscopy indicate geographical and capsular
Lactococcus
Species of bacterium
Carolina at Chapel Hill reported the first genetic map using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in 1991. They performed an initial study of the genome using
Mycoplasma_genitalium
Genus of fungi
chromosome-length polymorphism in Geotrichum candidum revealed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis". Int. J. Food Microbiol. 76 (1–2): 127–34. doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(02)00023-5
Geotrichum
Amount of DNA contained in a genome
computerized image analysis) or flow cytometry. In prokaryotes, pulsed field gel electrophoresis and complete genome sequencing are the predominant methods
Genome_size
Species of bacterium
"Genomic variation of Arcobacter skirrowii determined by pulsed-field-gel electrophoresis." Meeting Abstract. Pentimalli D, Pegels N, García T, Martín
Arcobacter_skirrowii
Fatal colitis in horses
genetic characterization revealed them to be North American pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type 1, polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027, and toxinotype
Colitis-X
Microbiological classification system for genus Salmonella
modern laborotories increasingly use DNA-based methods such as pulsed field gel electrophoresis, multiple-loci VNTR analysis, multilocus sequence typing, and
Kauffman–White_classification
Polysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell envelope in many bacteria
phenotyping of Lactococcus garvieae isolates from fish by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and electron microscopy indicate geographical and capsular
Bacterial_capsule
Abnormal multiples of one or more chromosomes
to the low number of chromosomes in fungi, as determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Polysomy of Chromosome 13 has been observed in the Flor strains
Polysomy
Species of bacterium
with Amplified Ribosmal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 26 (3): 438–44
Microbacterium_barkeri
British geneticist
1228110. PMID 23239737. S2CID 1439557. Barlow, Denise (1989). "Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis". Genome. 31: 465–466. doi:10.1139/g89-084. Sleutels, F; Barlow
Denise_P._Barlow
Belgian biotechnology company
universal size standard strain for use with the PulseNet standardized pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols: converting the national databases to
Applied_Maths
Species of bacterium
DNA analysis, PCR ribotyping, conventional ribotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 36 (8): 2214–9. doi:10
Staphylococcus_schleiferi
Species of bacterium
strain from the other include ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis
Burkholderia_mallei
Species of bacterium
"Characterization of the Legionella anisa population structure by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis". FEMS Microbiol Lett. 258 (2): 204–7. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968
Legionella_anisa
Charles Cantor (born 1942), American biophysicist, known for pulse field gel electrophoresis, and as Director of the Human Genome Project María Luz Cárdenas
List_of_biologists
Epidemiology method
advantage over other laboratory methods (such as serotyping or pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ) because there is an enormous number of potential subtypes
Source_attribution
Bacterium with synthetic genome
agar—molten agar mixed with cells and left to form a gel—followed by pulse field gel electrophoresis and the band of the correct size (circular 1.25Mbp)
Mycoplasma_laboratorium
Analytical technique for protein identification
typical PMF samples are isolated proteins from two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D gels) or isolated SDS-PAGE bands. Additional analyses by MS/MS can
Peptide_mass_fingerprinting
Natural cell death phenomenon
starvation-induced structural changes in Escherichia coli DNA. Detection by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and evidence for involvement of homologous recombination".
Thymineless_death
DNA visualization technique
genomes. Other categories of methods include using microarrays, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, cytogenetics and paired-end tags. Initially, the optical mapping
Optical_mapping
include pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), slot blot, horizontal gel electrophoresis, and Contour-clamped homogeneous electric field pulse field gel electrophoresis
Mega-telomere
Species of bacterium
from Bovine Milk by Use of a Novel Multiplex PCR Assay and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 55 (6): 1778–1788. doi:10
Staphylococcus_hyicus
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
mapping, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis". Genomics. 24 (2): 395–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1636. PMID 7698768
Annexin_A6
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
mapping, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis". Genomics. 24 (2): 395–398. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1636. PMID 7698768
Interleukin-12_subunit_beta
biophysicist at Boston University, he developed the method of pulse field gel electrophoresis, and was formerly Director of the Human Genome Project. He
List_of_biochemists
- pseudogene - pseudoknot - pseudorevertant - pulse sequence database - pulsed field gel electrophoresis - purine - PyrC leader - PyrD leader - pyrimidine
Index of molecular biology articles
Index_of_molecular_biology_articles
Species of bacterium
Extrachromosomal DNA in the form of two large plasmids was detected by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene revealed phylogenetic
Xenophilus_azovorans
Species of bacterium
profiles between virulent fish and human strains, though multiple pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns have been identified among human isolates. S. iniae
Streptococcus_iniae
Genus of single-celled organisms
genome of H. rufescens has been studied quite thoroughly. Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), size of the H. rufescens nucleomorph genome was estimated
Hemiselmis
(1995). "Preparation, manipulation, and pulse strategy for one-dimensional pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (ODPFGE)". Mol Biotechnol. 4 (1): 25–43.
Nonlinear_frictiophoresis
Species of bacterium
comparison of isolates by restriction enzyme digestion and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis". Veterinary Microbiology. 59 (2): 147–156. doi:10.1016/S0378-1135(97)00188-0
Actinobacillus_equuli
DNA profiling techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis or multilocus sequence typing. A complication of this broad
Global_microbial_identifier
pseudo-outbreak characterized by phenotypic tests, 16S rRNA sequencing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and metabolic footprinting". Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Exometabolomics
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
mapping, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis". Genomics. 24 (2): 395–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1636. PMID 7698768
PDE6A
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Localization of CYP2F1 by multipoint linkage analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis". Genomics. 10 (1): 284–6. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90514-F
CYP2F1
Microbiological classification system for genus Salmonella
modern laborotories increasingly use DNA-based methods such as pulsed field gel electrophoresis, multiple-loci VNTR analysis, multilocus sequence typing, and
Kauffmann–White classification
Kauffmann–White_classification
Bacterial disease
around times due to the slow growing nature of the pathogen. Pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) has emerged as an effective diagnostic laboratory test
Nocardiosis_in_fish
Australian plant geneticist and parasitologist (1945–2013)
malaria vaccine. In 1984, Kemp's team pioneered the use of pulse field gel electrophoresis to separate malaria chromosomes, which allowed them to understand
David_Kemp_(parasitologist)
Type of mass spectrometry that uses an inductively coupled plasma to ionize the sample
spots from DPAGE SDS-PAGE gels can be easily performed by dissolving the DPAGE gel after electrophoresis and staining of the gel. MeCAT labelled proteins
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Inductively_coupled_plasma_mass_spectrometry
Interdisciplinary science
for two-dimensional electrophoresis, transcriptome analysis, and PCR amplification. Other applications include various electrophoresis and liquid chromatography
Microfluidics
Defunct American national defense contractor (1947–2010)
only) commercially available automated DNA sequencer that used slab gel electrophoresis and radioactive Sanger sequencing. From 1999 until 2001, EG&G was
EG&G
Application of mass spectrometry
method fractionates whole proteins via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The first-dimension of 2D gel is isoelectric focusing (IEF). In this dimension,
Protein_mass_spectrometry
French biophysicist
measuring electrical birefringence on gel and to the experimental study of DNA dynamics during pulsed-field electrophoresis. From 1991 to 1994, he completed
Pascal_Mayer
2D-Gel electrophoresis is a classic method used in separating tRNAs. Initially, the tRNAs are denatured in 7M urea and separated in the first gel dimension
Translatomics
Main polyphenol in grapefruit
diastereomeric flavanone-7-O-glycosides in citrus by capillary electrophoresis". Electrophoresis. 24 (15): 2716–2722. doi:10.1002/elps.200305486. PMID 12900888
Naringenin
Design and manufacture of artificial nucleic acid structures
are commercially available. Strands can be purified by denaturing gel electrophoresis if needed, and precise concentrations determined via any of several
DNA_nanotechnology
American biophysicist
SD; Zimm, BH (1987). "Separations of open-circular DNA using pulsed-field electrophoresis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 84 (12): 4054–7
Stephen_D._Levene
Organic compound that consists only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
O-linked oligosaccharides from glycoproteins and mucins separated by gel electrophoresis". Anal. Chem. 74 (23): 6088–97. doi:10.1021/ac025890a. PMID 12498206
Carbohydrate
American geneticist and pathologist (1923–2011)
(September 1967). "Characterization of Enterobacteria by Starch-Gel Electrophoresis of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase"
James_E._Bowman
Ionization technique
used for the rapid identification of proteins isolated by using gel electrophoresis: SDS-PAGE, size exclusion chromatography, affinity chromatography
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
Matrix-assisted_laser_desorption/ionization
Industrial and food chemical
"Fabrication of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane)". Electrophoresis. 21 (1): 27–40. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<27::AID-ELPS27>3
Polydimethylsiloxane
Method in molecular biology to make pores in cell membranes
designed for portable DNA vaccination studies. Early studies of pulsed electric fields in biology examined membrane damage and microbial inactivation.
Electroporation
Application of biomedical engineering to measurement of biological systems
different people. Another example of genetic testing is gel electrophoresis. Gel electrophoresis uses DNA samples, along with biosensors to compare the DNA
Bioinstrumentation
separations. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and microcapillary gel electrophoresis (μCGE) are well-recognized microchip electrophoresis (MCE) methods that
Droplet-based_microfluidics
Analytical technique based on determining mass to charge ratio of ions
Capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry (CE-MS) is a technique that combines the liquid separation process of capillary electrophoresis with mass
Mass_spectrometry
– Galvanometer – Gateway – Gating – Gauss – Geiger–Müller tube – Gel electrophoresis – Gemini Guidance Computer – Gender changer – Global Positioning
Index_of_electronics_articles
Microtechnology
separation can be achieved by capillary electrophoresis or continuous-flow separation. In capillary electrophoresis, a long thin tube separates analytes
Bio-MEMS
capillary electrophoresis MeSH H01.181.529.307.437.200 – cellulose acetate electrophoresis MeSH H01.181.529.307.437.220 – electrophoresis, gel, pulsed-field MeSH H01
List_of_MeSH_codes_(H01)
6-Trinitrotoluene Toxicity in Field Soils by Pollution-Induced Community Tolerance, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, and Seed Germination Assay"
Pollution-induced community tolerance
Pollution-induced_community_tolerance
developed pulse field electrophoresis for very large DNA molecules with David C. Schwartz in 1984, by adding an alternating voltage gradient to standard gel electrophoresis
List_of_biophysicists
Catalase-positive bacterium
(randomly amplified polymorphic DNA PCR assay, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis, and sequencing of the V3 region of 16S ribosomal DNA) revealed
Bacillus_subtilis
Field of study
amplifying the restriction fragments via PCR, separating them through gel electrophoresis and analyzing them via southern blot with probes for the region of
Epigenomics
Thus electrophoretic techniques, particularly gel electrophoresis with agarose or polyacrylamide-based gels as the supporting medium, are widely used in
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (0–L)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(0–L)
500 – electrophoresis, microchip MeSH E05.196.401.200 – electrophoresis, cellulose acetate MeSH E05.196.401.220 – electrophoresis, gel, pulsed-field MeSH E05
List_of_MeSH_codes_(E05)
Methods used to change the DNA of organisms
either side of the gene can be used. Gel electrophoresis then sorts the fragments according to length. Some gels can separate sequences that differ by
Genetic engineering techniques
Genetic_engineering_techniques
characteristic patterns of fragments which can be resolved by size using gel electrophoresis. Digesting DNA molecules such as genomic DNA or plasmids with one
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(M–Z)
Indian agricultural scientist (born 1958)
provides general wet lab facility for DNA extraction, PCR, agarose gel electrophoresis and PAGE. Creation of Central Micro Array and Proteomics Facility
Nagendra_Kumar_Singh
Taking care of one's own health
of proteins of erythrocyte hemolysate subjected to disc electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel]". Zdravookhranenie Kirgizii (5): 35–36. ISSN 0132-8867
Self-care
travel, tourism, insurance
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
Male
Hebrew
(גִּיל) Hebrew name GIL means "joy." Compare with other forms of Gil.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Gul - flowers
Female
English
Pet form of English Adela, DEL means "noble." Also used as a short form of other longer names beginning with Del-.
Male
Hebrew
 Short form of Hebrew Telem, TEL means "injure, oppress." Compare with another form of Tel.
Male
English
 Pet form of English Terence, possibly TEL means "rub, turn, twist." Compare with another form of Tel.
Male
Spanish
Spanish name, possibly GAEL means "a Gael."Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for someone who made bags or purses or for an official in charge of expenditure, from Middle English purse (via Old English from Latin bursa).Scottish : variant of Purser.
Boy/Male
English
In the field.
Female
Native American
Native American Algonquin name PULES means "pigeon."
Boy/Male
Indian
Gul - flowers
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Middle English feldes, plural or possessive of feld ‘open country’. This name is also found as a translation of equivalent names in other languages, in particular French Deschamps, Duchamp.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived on land which had been cleared of forest, but not brought into cultivation, from Old English feld ‘pasture’, ‘open country’, as opposed on the one hand to æcer ‘cultivated soil’, ‘enclosed land’ (see Acker) and on the other to weald ‘wooded land’, ‘forest’ (see Wald).Possibly also Scottish or Irish : reduced form of McField (see McPhail).Jewish (American) : Americanized and shortened form of any of the many Jewish surnames containing Feld.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from an agent derivative of Middle English purse (see Purse), hence an occupational name for someone who made or sold purses and bags, or for an official in charge of expenditure.Scottish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac an Sparain ‘son of the purse’, traditionally born by purse-bearers to the Lords of the Isles.
Male
English
Short form of English Samuel, UEL means "heard of God," "his name is El," or "name of God."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Field.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English
A Field
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English Pulleis ‘man from Apulia’ (in Italy) (Middle English Poille, Poyle, Apuelle).English : habitational name from Pulley in Shropshire.German (of Slavic origin) : from a personal name formed with Old Slavic bolij ‘more’, or a variant of Puley, from the medieval name of a Christian martyr Pelagius (from Greek pelagos ‘sea’).
Surname or Lastname
Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic)
Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic) : nickname for a man with red hair, from Yiddish gel ‘red-headed’, Middle High German gel ‘yellow’, German gelb (see Geller).German : unexplained.English : from a short form of the personal name Julian.Variant of French Gille.
Male
English
 Short form of English Gilbert, GIL means "pledge-bright" and other names beginning with Gil-. Compare with other forms of Gil.
Girl/Female
Australian, Latin
Gem; A Jewel
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
PULSED FIELD-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS
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