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Study of how humans produce and perceive sounds
field of phonetics is traditionally divided into three sub-disciplines: articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics, and auditory phonetics. Linguists
Phonetics
Topics referred to by the same term
phonetics in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of human speech. Phonetics may
Phonetics_(disambiguation)
Linguistic subfield studying speech sound
Acoustic phonetics is a subfield of phonetics, which deals with acoustic aspects of speech sounds. Acoustic phonetics investigates features of waveforms
Acoustic_phonetics
Phonetic feature
In phonetics, palatalization (/ˌpælətəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ , US also /-lɪ-/) or palatization is a way of pronouncing a consonant in which part of the tongue is
Palatalization_(phonetics)
Term used in phonetics and phonology
Voice or voicing is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds (usually consonants). Speech sounds can be described as either
Voice_(phonetics)
System of phonetic notation
created in 1990 and were officially adopted by the International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association in 1994. They were substantially revised in
International Phonetic Alphabet
International_Phonetic_Alphabet
Feature of sound based on extended duration
[ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. In phonetics, length or quantity is a feature of sounds that have distinctively extended
Length_(phonetics)
Branch of linguistics studying how humans make sounds
The field of articulatory phonetics is a subfield of phonetics that studies articulation and ways that humans produce speech. Articulatory phoneticians
Articulatory_phonetics
Cologne phonetics (also Kölner Phonetik, Cologne process) is a phonetic algorithm which assigns to words a sequence of digits, the phonetic code. The
Cologne_phonetics
Distinct speech sound or gesture
In phonetics (a branch of linguistics), a phone is any distinct speech sound. It is any surface-level or unanalyzed sound of a language, the smallest
Phone_(phonetics)
Phonological system of the Japanese language
Kawahara, Shigeto (2015), "The phonetics of sokuon, or geminate obstruents", in Kubozono, Haruo (ed.), Handbook of Japanese Phonetics and Phonology, Berlin: De
Japanese_phonology
Spoken alphabet for radio communication
Communications, United States Edition, 1969 (revised 2003) For the 1938 and 1947 phonetics, each transmission of figures is preceded and followed by the words "as
NATO_phonetic_alphabet
American rock band
Modern Performance. In 2025, they released their second studio album, Phonetics On and On. The group originated in 2019 and they self-released their first
Horsegirl
International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association (ICPLA) is an international scholarly association devoted to the study of phonetics and linguistics
International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association
International_Clinical_Phonetics_and_Linguistics_Association
Shortening process in phonetics
[ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. In phonetics, clipping is the process of shortening the articulation of a phonetic
Clipping_(phonetics)
London-based organisation promoting the study of phonetics
scientific study of phonetics and the various practical applications of that science. The IPA's major contribution to phonetics is the International
International Phonetic Association
International_Phonetic_Association
Branch of linguistics which inquires into the nature of language
linguistics are phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Although phonetics often guides phonology, it is often excluded from the purview of theoretical
Theoretical_linguistics
Sound made by a human being using the vocal tract
Phonation Phonetics Puberphonia Speaker recognition Speaker verification Speech synthesis Vocal rest Vocal warm up Vocology Voice (phonetics): a property
Human_voice
Branch of phonetics
phonetics - articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics and auditory phonetics. Moreover, experimental method used in study of the segmental phonetics
Experimental_phonetics
Book by Peter Ladefoged and Keith Allan Johnson
A Course in Phonetics is a textbook by Peter Ladefoged and Keith Allan Johnson designed for an introductory course in phonetics. The book was reviewed
A_Course_in_Phonetics
Kra–Dai language
1998. ISBN 978-974-639-375-1. Nanthana Ronnakiat (ดร.นันทนา รณเกียรติ) Phonetics in Principle and Practical. (สัทศาสตร์ภาคทฤษฎีและภาคปฏิบัติ) Bangkok:
Thai_language
Book by Peter Roach
English Phonetics and Phonology is a book by Peter Roach in which the author provides an introduction to the phonological structure of the English language
English Phonetics and Phonology: A Practical Course
English_Phonetics_and_Phonology:_A_Practical_Course
British phonetician (1925–2006)
Professor of Phonetics at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he taught from 1962 to 1991. His book A Course in Phonetics is a common introductory
Peter_Ladefoged
British phonetician (1881–1967)
professor of phonetics at the École des Hautes Études at the Sorbonne (University of Paris). He was head of the Department of Phonetics at University
Daniel_Jones_(phonetician)
Science of the sounds of language
Auditory phonetics is the branch of phonetics concerned with the hearing of speech sounds and with speech perception. It thus entails the study of the
Auditory_phonetics
help audio full chart template Legend: unrounded • rounded Acoustic phonetics Active articulator Affricate Airstream mechanism Alexander John Ellis
Index_of_phonetics_articles
Sound system of Spanish
and transcription delimiters. This article is about the phonology and phonetics of the Spanish language. Unless otherwise noted, statements refer to Castilian
Spanish_phonology
Speech sound produced with continuous non-turbulent airflow
In phonetics and phonology, a sonorant or resonant is a speech sound that is produced with continuous, non-turbulent airflow in the vocal tract; these
Sonorant
Type of consonant
[ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. In phonetics, a trill is a consonantal sound produced by vibrations between the active
Trill_consonant
Book by Keith Allan Johnson
Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics is a textbook by Keith Allan Johnson designed for an introductory course in phonetics. The book was reviewed by Rungpat
Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics
Acoustic_and_Auditory_Phonetics
Visual representation of speech sounds
phonetic notation) is the visual representation of speech sounds (or phonetics) by means of symbols. The most common type of phonetic transcription uses
Phonetic_transcription
Phonology of the English language
"Acoustic phonetics in a clinical setting: A case study of /r/-distortion therapy with surgical intervention". Clinical linguistics & phonetics, 16 (6):
English_phonology
Consonant followed by a strong burst of air
[ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. In phonetics, aspiration is a strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release
Aspirated_consonant
Academic journal
The Journal of Phonetics is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers topics in phonetics and phonology. It was established in 1973 and appears six
Journal_of_Phonetics
Country primarily in Western Europe
ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.; Collins, Beverley; Mees, Inger M. (1990). "The Phonetics of Cardiff English". In Coupland, Nikolas; Thomas, Alan Richard (eds.)
France
Perceptual classification in phonetics
In some schools of phonetics, sounds are distinguished as grave or acute. This is a perceptual classification, based on whether the sounds are perceived
Grave_and_acute
Phonology of the Vietnamese language
description of the sound system of the Vietnamese language, including phonetics and phonology. Two main varieties of Vietnamese, Hanoi and Saigon, which
Vietnamese_phonology
Pronunciation of a sound with greater muscular effort than normal
33 (2): 263. doi:10.1017/S0025100303001385. Jessen, Michael (1998). Phonetics and Phonology of Tense and Lax Obstruents in German. Amsterdam: John Benjamins
Tenseness
Type of linguistic sound change
In phonetics and historical linguistics, fusion, or coalescence, is a sound change in which two or more segments with distinctive features merge into
Fusion_(phonetics)
Topics referred to by the same term
English Phonetics and Phonology may refer to: English phonology English Phonetics and Phonology: An Introduction, book by Philip Carr English Phonetics and
English Phonetics and Phonology
English_Phonetics_and_Phonology
Vowel sound represented by ⟨ɑ⟩ in IPA
It is unrounded, which means that the lips are not rounded. Index of phonetics articles Latin alpha While the International Phonetic Association prefers
Open_back_unrounded_vowel
Class of speech sounds
formant value is expected based on the first two formants. In articulatory phonetics, liquids are described as controlled gestures, which are slower and require
Liquid_consonant
Standard pronunciation of the German language
pronunciation of the German language. It consists of the current phonology and phonetics as well as the historical developments thereof as well as geographical
Standard_German_phonology
Sounds and pronunciation of the Hungarian language
and stops by Mária Gósy, research professor, head of the Department of Phonetics at ELTE. The reason for the different analyses is that the relative duration
Hungarian_phonology
Sounds and pronunciation of the Swedish language
Swedish", Journal of Phonetics, 12 (3): 195–206, doi:10.1016/S0095-4470(19)30876-9, ISSN 0095-4470 Hamann, Silke (2003), The Phonetics and Phonology of Retroflexes
Swedish_phonology
Consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases
[ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic
Plosive
Switching the order of sounds
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For
Metathesis_(linguistics)
Topics referred to by the same term
Chinese phonology is covered by the following articles: Concerning modern Chinese: Standard Chinese phonology Cantonese phonology For the phonology of
Chinese_phonology
Sounds and pronunciation of the Russian language
History of the Russian language List of Russian language topics Index of phonetics articles In some cases the sound [i] after vowels may be regarded as a
Russian_phonology
English sociolinguist and phonetician
Helen Stuart-Smith is a linguist and professor of sociolinguistics and phonetics at the University of Glasgow. She is recognised as a specialist in the
Jane_Stuart-Smith
Spectrum of phonetic resonance in speech production
see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. In speech science and phonetics, a formant is the broad spectral maximum that results from an acoustic
Formant
Loss of a sound within a word
consonant. Apheresis (linguistics) Apocope Clipping (morphology) Clipping (phonetics) Deletion (phonology) Elision Epenthesis, the addition of sounds to the
Syncope_(phonology)
Phone used to pronounce a single phoneme
Peter (2001). A Course in Phonetics (4th ed.). Orlando: Harcourt. ISBN 0-15-507319-2. p. 56-60. Poppy Blake, a Course in Phonetics Ladefoged & Johnson Chapter
Allophone
Linguistic emphasis on syllables or words
Dictionary Ladefoged (1975 etc.) A course in phonetics § 5.4; (1980) Preliminaries to linguistic phonetics p 83 Philip Carr (23 June 2008). A Glossary
Stress_(linguistics)
Vowel sound represented by ⟨ʌ⟩ in IPA
Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap. Collins, Beverley; Mees, Inger M. (1990). "The phonetics of Cardiff English". In Coupland, Nikolas; Thomas, Alan Richard (eds.)
Open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel
Sounds and pronunciation of Modern Hebrew
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For
Modern_Hebrew_phonology
Phonemically contrasting consonant sounds
Cambridge University Press. Catford, J.C. (1977). Fundamental problems in phonetics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Elugbe, Ben Ohi (1980), "Reconstructing
Fortis_and_lenis
Consonantal sounds represented by ⟨ɬ⟩ in IPA
July 2022. Hannahs, S. J. (31 October 2013). "A Survey of Welsh Phonetics: Phonetics and Segment Inventories". The Phonology of Welsh. The Phonology of
Voiceless dental and alveolar lateral fricatives
Voiceless_dental_and_alveolar_lateral_fricatives
Description of producing a sound
In phonetics and phonology, relative articulation is description of the manner and place of articulation of a speech sound relative to some reference
Relative_articulation
Topics referred to by the same term
project management For duration in phonetics and phonology (the feature of being pronounced longer) see Length (phonetics) Search for "duration" , "duration's"
Duration
Process of creating phonetic sounds
phonation has slightly different meanings depending on the subfield of phonetics. Among some phoneticians, phonation or phonating is the process by which
Phonation
Natural number
P. Putnam's Sons. Crystal, D. (2008). A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics (6th ed.). Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0631226642. Conway, John
1
British phonetician (born 1939)
course in phonetics for University College London, focusing on practical and theoretical phonetics, as well as aspects of teaching phonetics. The course
John_C._Wells
Type of speech sound
Rahilly, Joan (1999), Phonetics: the Science of Speech, Arnold, ISBN 0-340-70010-6 Ball, Martin J.; Müller, Nicole (2011) [2005], Phonetics for communication
Approximant
Book by Ken Lodge
A Critical Introduction to Phonetics is a 2009 book by Ken Lodge designed for an introductory course in phonetics. The book was reviewed by Linda Shockey
A Critical Introduction to Phonetics
A_Critical_Introduction_to_Phonetics
Sounds and pronunciation of the Welsh language
(2): 82–89. doi:10.1017/S0025100300002589. JSTOR 44526700. —— (1984). "Phonetics for phonology". In Ball, M. J.; Jones, G. E. (eds.). Welsh Phonology:
Welsh_phonology
Study of sound organization in languages
speech, subject of discussion'). Phonology is typically distinguished from phonetics, which concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception
Phonology
Phenomenon in linguistics
common assimilations known as umlaut, in which the phonetics of a vowel are influenced by the phonetics of a vowel in a following syllable, are common and
Assimilation_(phonology)
System of sounds of the Finnish language
Kari; Toivanen, Juhani; Ylitalo, Riikka (2008), Finnish sound structure – Phonetics, phonology, phonotactics and prosody (PDF), Studia Humaniora Ouluensia
Finnish_phonology
Lip formation during the articulation of a vowel
[ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. In phonetics, vowel roundedness is the rounding of the lips, or lack thereof, during
Roundedness
Finnish linguist
who was an assistant professor from 1985 to 2012 in the Department of Phonetics at the University of Oulu. He has researched English, Swedish and Finnish
Kari_Suomi
British phonetician (1926–2021)
his work on the phonetics of English and the teaching of English pronunciation to foreign learners. His blog postings on English phonetics and phoneticians
Jack_Windsor_Lewis
American linguist
and Linguistics at Radboud University. She is known for her works on phonetics, phonology, and prosody, particularly intonation and speech rhythm. Arvaniti
Amalia_Arvaniti
Romance language
Retrieved 8 January 2022. Abercrombie, David (1967). Elements of General Phonetics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-85224-451-7. Eberhard
Spanish_language
Book by Philip Carr
English Phonetics and Phonology: An Introduction is a book by Philip Carr in which the author provides an introduction to the phonological structure of
English Phonetics and Phonology: An Introduction
English_Phonetics_and_Phonology:_An_Introduction
Sounds and pronunciation of Portuguese
Leite, Yonne (1990), Iniciação à fonética e à fonologia [Introduction to phonetics and phonology] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar, ISBN 85-7110-096-9
Portuguese_phonology
British phonetician (1882–1937)
Armstrong is most known for her work on English intonation as well as the phonetics and tone of Somali and Kikuyu. Her book on English intonation, written
Lilias_Armstrong
Reconstructed ancestor of the Romance languages
Proto-Romance is the result of applying the comparative method to reconstruct the latest common ancestor of the Romance languages. The closest real-life
Proto-Romance_language
Slobozhan or Sloboda Ukrainian dialect (Ukrainian: Слобожанський говір), also known as Donets dialect (Ukrainian: Наддонецький говір) is a dialect of Ukrainian
Slobozhan_dialect
Study of the origin and evolution of words
additionally draws upon comparative semantics, morphology, pragmatics, and phonetics in order to construct a comprehensive and chronological catalogue of all
Etymology
Dialect of Aragonese
Ansó Aragonese is a variety of Western Aragonese spoken in Ansó Valley, included Ansó, Biniés and Fago. Final -r is not pronounced in Ansó but it's still
Ansó_Aragonese
Vowel sound represented by ⟨ɛ⟩ in IPA
in this diagram indicates a voiced sound. Spectrogram of [ɛ] Index of phonetics articles While the International Phonetic Association prefers the terms
Open-mid front unrounded vowel
Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel
Vowel sound represented by ⟨ɨ⟩ in IPA
It is unrounded, which means that the lips are not rounded. Index of phonetics articles While the International Phonetic Association prefers the terms
Close_central_unrounded_vowel
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ɹ⟩ in IPA
sounds, [ɹ] occurs in Edo, Fula, Murrinh-patha, and Palauan. Index of phonetics articles Khan (2010:223–224) Cornyn (1944:7) Watkins (2001) Kohler (1995:165f)
Voiced_alveolar_approximant
Tone phenomenon in some languages
on 13 June 2007 Crystal, David (2003). A dictionary of linguistics & phonetics. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 130. Downing, Laura J. & Rialland, Annie (2017).
Downstep
Scientific study of language
of sentences), semantics (meaning), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds and equivalent gestures in sign languages), phonology (the
Linguistics
Definite article in English
4 November 2025. Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110. Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand
The
Raising of the pitch of a second, same-tone syllable
In linguistics, upstep is a phonemic or phonetic upward shift of tone between the syllables or words of a tonal language. It is best known in the tonal
Upstep
Consonant sound
In phonetics, an occlusive, sometimes known as a stop, is a consonant sound produced by occluding (i.e. blocking) airflow in the vocal tract, but not
Occlusive
Vowel sound represented by ⟨æ⟩ in IPA
It is unrounded, which means that the lips are not rounded. Index of phonetics articles While the International Phonetic Association prefers the terms
Near-open front unrounded vowel
Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ð⟩ in IPA
non-sibilant fricative Sibilant consonant § Possible combinations Index of phonetics articles Olson et al. (2010:210) McGregor, William B. (2013) [2004]. The
Voiced_dental_fricative
Фонетика: підручник [Modern Standard Ukrainian Language: Lexicology. Phonetics: Textbook] (PDF) (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: Znannia. p. 230. ISBN 978-966-346-826-6
Ukrainian_phonology
Consonant sound articulated in the same place of articulation as another
In phonetics, homorganic consonants (from Latin homo- 'same' and organ '[speech] organ') are consonant sounds that are articulated in the same place of
Homorganic_consonant
National Taiwan Normal University; Chinese Phonetics Textbook Editorial Committee (2008). 國音學 [Mandarin Chinese Phonetics] (in Chinese) (8th ed.). Zhengzhong
Standard_Chinese_phonology
Sound changes
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For
Fronting_(sound_change)
song "Deliver Us" phonetically. Phonetics can be useful to singers in several ways: Professional singers can use phonetics to learn new languages and identify
Phonetical_singing
Variety of Spanish language
Guatemalan Spanish (Spanish: Español guatemalteco) is the national variant of Spanish spoken in the Central American country of Guatemala. While 93% of
Guatemalan_Spanish
Boyko dialect (Ukrainian: Бойківський говір), also known as North Carpathian Dialect (Ukrainian: Північнокарпатський говір) is a dialect spoken by Boyko
Boyko_dialect
Wu dialect of Zhejiang, China
The Taizhou dialect (Taizhou dialect: T'e-tsiu wa; simplified Chinese: 台州话; traditional Chinese: 台州話; pinyin: Tāizhōuhuà) is a dialect of Wu Chinese. It
Taizhou_dialect
Sounds and pronunciation of Ancient Greek
(1972): Phonétique historique du mycénien et du grec ancien ("Historical phonetics of Mycenean and Ancient Greek"), Paris: Librairie Klincksieck (reprint
Ancient_Greek_phonology
PHONETICS
PHONETICS
PHONETICS
PHONETICS
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Telugu
Playful
Girl/Female
Indian
Flower
Boy/Male
English
From the fir forest.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Virtuous
Girl/Female
Greek American Latin
Goddess of wisdom.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Beautiful
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Telugu, Traditional
Lotus Eyes; Lotus Eyed
Girl/Female
Hebrew English
From the tower.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Earned
Girl/Female
Muslim
Beautiful, Shining star, One and only
PHONETICS
PHONETICS
PHONETICS
PHONETICS
PHONETICS
n.
The doctrine or science of sounds; especially those of the human voice; phonology.
n.
One versed in phonetics; a phonologist.
n.
One versed in phonetics; a phonetist.
n.
The art of representing vocal sounds by signs and written characters.
n.
The science or doctrine of the elementary sounds uttered by the human voice in speech, including the various distinctions, modifications, and combinations of tones; phonetics. Also, a treatise on sounds.
n.
A sound produced by an explosive impulse of the breath; (Phonetics) one of consonants p, b, t, d, k, g, which are sounded with a sort of explosive power of voice. [See Guide to Pronunciation, Ã 155-7, 184.]
n.
See Phonetics.