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Treatment of cancer using high-energy particles
Particle therapy is a form of external beam radiotherapy using beams of energetic neutrons, protons, or other heavier positive ions for cancer treatment
Particle_therapy
Medical procedure
In medicine, proton therapy, or proton radiotherapy, is a type of particle therapy that uses a beam of protons to irradiate diseased tissue, most often
Proton_therapy
Type of radiation therapy to treat cancer
Targeted alpha-particle therapy (or TAT) is an in-development method of targeted radionuclide therapy of various cancers. It employs radioactive substances
Targeted alpha-particle therapy
Targeted_alpha-particle_therapy
Stream of charged, or less frequently neutral particles
which impact on a target, e.g. of beryllium material. (see article Particle therapy) Charged beams may be further accelerated by use of high resonant,
Particle_beam
Research apparatus for particle physics
accelerators are used in a wide variety of applications, including particle therapy for oncological purposes, radioisotope production for medical diagnostics
Particle_accelerator
Ionizing radiation particle of two protons and two neutrons
Alpha particles, also called alpha rays or alpha radiation, consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to the nucleus
Alpha_particle
Therapy using ionizing radiation, usually to treat cancer
malignant cells. It is normally delivered by a linear particle accelerator. Radiation therapy may be curative in a number of types of cancer if they
Radiation_therapy
Italian physicist
radiation biophysics, space radiation protection, and charged particle cancer therapy. He is Director of the Biophysics Department at the GSI Helmhotzzentrum
Marco_Durante_(physicist)
radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) and systemic unsealed sources). Particle therapy is a special case of "radiation therapy" in which "emitted atomic particles" (such
History_of_radiation_therapy
Type of particle accelerator
can be used for particle therapy, where particle beams are directly applied to patients. A key limitation of the earliest charged particle accelerators was
Cyclotron
Type of particle accelerator
therapy, serve as particle injectors for higher-energy accelerators, and are used directly to achieve the highest kinetic energy for light particles (electrons
Linear_particle_accelerator
oxygen therapy ozone therapy palliative therapy particle therapy pet therapy phage therapy pharmacotherapy phonemic neurological hypochromium therapy photodynamic
List_of_therapies
Composite subatomic particle
In particle physics, a hadron is a composite subatomic particle made of two or more quarks that are held together by the strong nuclear force. Pronounced
Hadron
Path length of maximum energy loss of ionizing radiation
the protons. This phenomenon is exploited in particle therapy of cancer, specifically in proton therapy, to concentrate the effect of light ion beams
Bragg_peak
Type of cyclic particle accelerator
is a particular type of cyclic particle accelerator, descended from the cyclotron, in which the accelerating particle beam travels around a fixed closed-loop
Synchrotron
Australian physicist (born 1984)
non-scaling fixed-field alternating gradient accelerators for charged particle therapy supervised by Kenneth Peach. In 2010 Sheehy was awarded a Royal Commission
Suzie_Sheehy
Chemical element with atomic number 85 (At)
Astatine-211 has potential for targeted alpha-particle therapy, since it decays either via emission of an alpha particle (to bismuth-207), or via electron capture
Astatine
Topics referred to by the same term
Ion therapy may refer to: Negative air ionization therapy, the use of air ionisers as an experimental non-pharmaceutical treatment Particle therapy a medical
Ion_therapy
Ionizing radiation
A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation (symbol β), is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay
Beta_particle
Austrian center for cancer treatment
Austrian center for cancer treatment with particle therapy, research and further development of this form of therapy, and non-clinical research with protons
MedAustron
Type of radiation therapy
22 (Abridged): Radiobiology and Dosimetry of α-Particle Emitters for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy". Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 51 (2): 311–328. doi:10
Radionuclide_therapy
German physicist (1941–2023)
GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt (Germany). Particle therapy had already been performed in US and Japan using protons, carbon, and
Gerhard_Kraft
Radiopharmaceutical precursor
in targeted radioligand therapy. In Ac-PSMA-617, it binds actinium-225, an α-emitter used in targeted alpha-particle therapy. The compound's structure
Vipivotide_tetraxetan
Topics referred to by the same term
Acupressure Technique, an alternative medicine therapy Targeted alpha-particle therapy, radiation therapy for cancer Thematic apperception test, a projective
Tat
synchrotron magnet systems. In 2004 Siemens took over the medical particle therapy division of Danfysik. In 2009 Danfysik was bought by the Danish Technological
Danfysik
Action to achieve a result in the delivery of healthcare
Inhalation therapy Particle therapy Proton therapy Fluoride therapy Cold compression therapy Animal-Assisted Therapy Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Nicotine
Medical_procedure
Medical intervention
Electron therapy or electron beam therapy (EBT) is a kind of external beam radiotherapy where accelerated electrons from a particle accelerator are directed
Electron_therapy
Accelerator physicist and engineer (1902–1996)
1996) was a Norwegian accelerator physicist who was the originator of many particle acceleration concepts, including the resonance accelerator and the betatron
Rolf_Widerøe
Japanese multinational engineering and electronics company
identification and classification systems (AMICS) Other nano-probing systems Particle therapy equipment Cell culture equipment Astemo, which stands for "Advanced
Hitachi
Medical intervention
efficacy of 166Ho SIRT, and more studies are ongoing. Targeted alpha-particle therapy Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization Cromheecke, M.; Konings, A
Selective internal radiation therapy
Selective_internal_radiation_therapy
Belgian medical technology company
"Development of Cyclotrons for Proton and Particle Therapy", in Rath, Arabinda Kumar; Sahoo, Narayan (eds.), Particle Radiotherapy, New Delhi: Springer India
Ion_Beam_Applications
Nonsurgical treatment for locally invasive malignant tumors
malignancies. Reducing the cost. Particle therapy, neutrons, protons, or heavy ions (e.g. carbon) Fast neutron therapy Proton therapy Barth RF, Vicente MG, Harling
Neutron capture therapy of cancer
Neutron_capture_therapy_of_cancer
Electromagnetic radiation from a charged particle in a medium
(/tʃərɛŋˈkɒf/) is an electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle (such as an electron) passes through a dielectric medium (such as distilled
Cherenkov_radiation
American physician-scientist
Center (MSK). He is a pioneer and inventor of targeted alpha particle therapies and alpha particle generators for use in patients with cancer. Scheinberg received
David_A._Scheinberg
Hospital in Jacksonville, Florida
center will also offer a particle therapy facility, one of three such facilities in Jacksonville (the others being proton therapy installations at UF Health
Mayo_Clinic_Florida
Research institute in Japan
radiation therapy. In 1993, the HIMAC (Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba) of NIRS was launched, and in 1997, the Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy
National Institute of Radiological Sciences
National_Institute_of_Radiological_Sciences
Novel drug delivery system
Lipid-based nanoparticles are very small spherical particles composed of lipids. They are a novel pharmaceutical drug delivery system (part of nanoparticle
Lipid-based_nanoparticle
Soviet and Russian scientist (born 1942)
Russian retired particle physicist. He is known for having survived a radiation accident in 1978, when a high-energy proton beam from a particle accelerator
Anatoli_Bugorski
Type of radiotherapy
peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with lutetium (177Lu) oxodotreotide. Nuclear medicine Targeted alpha-particle therapy Zaknun, John J.; Bodei, L.;
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
Peptide_receptor_radionuclide_therapy
Elementary particle with negative charge
radiation therapy, lasers, gaseous ionization detectors, and particle accelerators. Interactions involving electrons with other subatomic particles are of
Electron
Fast-moving particles with energy
Particle radiation is the radiation of energy by means of fast-moving subatomic particles. Particle radiation is referred to as a particle beam if the
Particle_radiation
Chemical element with atomic number 92 (U)
23 days. This isotope has been considered for use in targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT). All other isotopes have half-lives shorter than one hour, except
Uranium
Japanese electrical equipment, elevator manufacturer, and appliance manufacturer
Msx.org. Retrieved 2022-08-22. "Hitachi to buy Mitsubishi Electric's particle therapy business". Nikkei Asian Review. Retrieved 2020-07-23. "Mitsubishi Electric
Mitsubishi_Electric
Vasilis (2016). "The FLUKA Code: An Accurate Simulation Tool for Particle Therapy". Frontiers in Oncology. 6: 116. doi:10.3389/fonc.2016.00116. ISSN 2234-943X
FLUKA
Treatment of cancer with ionized radiation
ISBN 0-19-262878-X Linear Particle Accelerator (Linac) Animation by Ionactive http://www.myradiotherapy.com Superficial radiation therapy National Institute
External_beam_radiotherapy
Medical intervention
of the ability to execute therapy with the most accuracy. Modern radiotherapy techniques such as proton and charged particle radiotherapy enable higher
Image-guided radiation therapy
Image-guided_radiation_therapy
Spatially localized group of electrically charged particles travelling in same direction
A charged particle beam is a spatially localized group of electrically charged particles that have approximately the same position, kinetic energy (resulting
Charged_particle_beam
Medical technology
Gene therapy is medical technology that aims to produce a therapeutic effect through the manipulation of gene expression or through altering the biological
Gene_therapy
Water purified to uncommonly stringent specifications
electrical failures. Particles can be controlled by filtration for larger particles and ultrafiltration for nanometer scale particles. Particle sources can include
Ultrapure_water
healthy cells around them. Particle therapy uses a property of particles called the Bragg peak of energy disposition. When a particle travels through a material
KEK_digital_accelerator
Harmful high-frequency radiation
radiation, consists of subatomic particles or electromagnetic waves that have enough energy per individual photon or particle to ionize atoms or molecules
Ionizing_radiation
Medical imaging technique
In the late 2010s CBCT also started to become available on-board particle therapy delivery systems. While CBCT with X-ray image intensifiers was experimented
Cone_beam_computed_tomography
Form of kidney cancer
R. (2025-06-11). "Mayo Clinic takes the next step in making heavy particle therapy available in the Americas for patients with aggressive cancers - Mayo
Renal_cell_carcinoma
This fact is of great practical importance for radiation therapy. The range of alpha particles in ambient air amounts to only several centimeters; this
Range_(particle_radiation)
Medical intervention
Auger therapy is a form of radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer which relies on low-energy electrons (emitted by the Auger effect) to damage cancer
Auger_therapy
Subatomic particle with no charge
A neutron is a subatomic particle, symbol n or n0 , that has no electric charge, and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton. The neutron was discovered
Neutron
Beam of charged atoms (ions)
transduction and DNA damage and repair. Ion beams are also used in particle therapy, most often in the treatment of cancer. Ion beams produced by ion and
Ion_beam
Journal
speed of sound Expanding twistronics to photons Mixed beams enhance particle therapy accuracy The first room-temperature superconductor 2021: "Quantum entanglement
Physics_World
From 1961 to 2002, a proton accelerator used for research and development
in physics. The lab performed research and development in particle physics (including particle detectors development and testing), activation analysis,
Harvard_Cyclotron_Laboratory
Species of virus
generation of a fully assembled, deoxyribonuclease-resistant AAV particles. With regard to gene therapy, ITRs seem to be the only sequences required in cis next
Adeno-associated_virus
Comune in Lombardy, Italy
specializes in the treatment of radioresistant tumors through the use of particle therapy. The Center also carries out scientific research to identify effective
Pavia
Subatomic particle; lightest meson
meson works as a strong force mediator particle between hadrons. The use of pions in medical radiation therapy, such as for cancer, was explored at a
Pion
uranium-230, an isotope that has been considered for use in targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT). It can be produced through proton or deuteron irradiation of
Isotopes_of_protactinium
Henry F.; Flavell, Robert R. (2024). "Actinium-225 targeted alpha particle therapy for prostate cancer". Theranostics. 14 (7): 2969–2992. doi:10.7150/thno
Isotopes_of_actinium
Unproven alternative medicine
therapy against cancer is inconclusive, and the therapy may be dangerous. For treatment of HIV/AIDS, although ozone deactivates the viral particles in
Ozone_therapy
Island in the Mediterranean, region of Italy
protons both for nuclear physics experiments and for particle therapy to treat cancer (proton therapy). Noto has one of the largest radio telescopes in Italy
Sicily
Neutron source under construction in Dongguan, China
Actinium-225 (225Ac) and Radium-223, which are essential for targeted alpha-particle therapy in late-stage prostate and bone cancers. Neutrons are uniquely capable
China Spallation Neutron Source
China_Spallation_Neutron_Source
American medical physicist
Definitive Chemotherapy with Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy". International Journal of Particle Therapy. 11 100009. doi:10.1016/j.ijpt.2024.100009. PMC 11095094
Julianne_Pollard-Larkin
Classification
Radioiodines, including iodine-131 78, 100D 2012 2009 Radionuclides, alpha-particle-emitting, internally deposited 78, 100D 2012 2009 Specific radionuclides
IARC_group_1
Use of oxygen as a medical treatment
was determined that conventional oxygen therapy devices were not designed for the containment of exhaled particles. In 2003, the HiOx80 oxygen mask was released
Oxygen_therapy
Material composed of antiparticles
such as positron emission tomography, radiation therapy, and industrial imaging. In theory, a particle and its antiparticle (for example, a proton and
Antimatter
Dry, bulk solid composed of fine, free-flowing particles
A powder is a dry solid composed of many very fine particles that may flow freely when shaken or tilted. Powders are a special sub-class of granular materials
Powder
Charged particle acceleration technique
Plasma acceleration is a technique for accelerating charged particles, such as electrons or ions, using the electric field associated with an electron
Plasma_acceleration
Therapeutic use of bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections
Phage therapy, viral phage therapy, or phagotherapy is the therapeutic use of bacteriophages for the treatment of pathogenic bacterial infections. This
Phage_therapy
Laboratory technique
Particle size analysis, particle size measurement, or simply particle sizing, is the collective name of the technical procedures, or laboratory techniques
Particle_size_analysis
Subatomic particle with positive charge
Free protons are routinely used for accelerators for proton therapy or various particle physics experiments, with the most powerful example being the
Proton
Compounds that contain the element astatine (At)
[211At]-Astatinated Radiopharmaceuticals and Applications in Targeted α-Particle Therapy". Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals. 28 (1): 1–20. doi:10
Astatine_compounds
Waves or particles moving through space
visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma radiation (γ) particle radiation consisting of particles of non-zero rest energy, such as alpha radiation (α),
Radiation
Hospital in Central Region, Denmark
Microbiology Clinical Neurophysiology Clinical Pharmacology Danish Centre for Particle Therapy Danish Neuroscience Centre (DNC) Danish Stroke Centre (DSC) Department
Aarhus_County_Hospital
act on different viral targets is known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HAART decreases the patient's total burden of HIV, maintains function
Management_of_HIV/AIDS
List compiling of particle accelerators used for particle physics experiments
A list of particle accelerators used for particle physics experiments. Some early particle accelerators that more properly did nuclear physics, but existed
List of accelerators in particle physics
List_of_accelerators_in_particle_physics
Topics referred to by the same term
Mexican association of broadcasters Carbon Ion Radiotherapy, see Particle therapy This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CIRT
CIRT
Medical Center - Chūō-ku, Chiba The Research Center Hospital for Charged Particle Therapy of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences - Inage-ku, Chiba
List_of_hospitals_in_Japan
Potential cancer treatment
photothermal therapy are on the nanoscale. One of the key reasons behind this is the enhanced permeability and retention effect observed with particles in a certain
Photothermal_therapy
Route of administration by inhalation
of drug particles in lungs include drug particle properties, breathing patterns and respiratory tract geometry. Particle diameter and particle density
Pulmonary_drug_delivery
Use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition
Stem-cell therapy uses stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. As of 2024[update], the only FDA-approved therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic
Stem-cell_therapy
Ion accelerator at Brookhaven National Lab, for studying high-energy particle exposure
cosmic rays Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute Synchrotron Particle therapy "NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at Brookhaven". Brookhaven National
NASA Space Radiation Laboratory
NASA_Space_Radiation_Laboratory
Particle with size less than 100 nm
nanoparticle or ultrafine particle is a particle of matter 1 to 100 nanometres (nm) in diameter. The term is sometimes used for larger particles, up to 500 nm, or
Nanoparticle
Physics research institute in Russia
Principal research instruments include a nuclotron superconductive particle accelerator (particle energy: 7 GeV), three isochronous cyclotrons (120, 145, 650
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Joint_Institute_for_Nuclear_Research
Austrian Fachhochschule
open-source irradiation and data-management framework for pre-clinical particle-therapy studies. The framework integrated magnetic-resonance imaging, computed
University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt
University_of_Applied_Sciences_Wiener_Neustadt
Skin condition characterized by pimples
However, resistance to antibiotics may develop as a result of antibiotic therapy. Several types of birth control pills help prevent acne in women. Medical
Acne
Penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation
photons in megavoltage radiation therapy machines (see bremsstrahlung). Inverse Compton scattering, in which charged particles (usually electrons) impart energy
Gamma_ray
Species of virus
segment-10, encodes the NS3 protein, which allows the release of the viral particles from the infected cell. The second largest of those segments in turn codes
Equine_encephalosis_virus
One of the five major groups of lipoprotein
larger particles). A single LDL particle is about 22–27.5 nanometers in diameter, typically transporting 3,000 to 6,000 fat molecules per particle and varying
Low-density_lipoprotein
Circular particle accelerator concept
alternating gradient Accelerator (FFA; also abbreviated FFAG) is a circular particle accelerator concept that can be characterized by its time-independent magnetic
Fixed-field alternating gradient accelerator
Fixed-field_alternating_gradient_accelerator
Mammalian protein found in humans
low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL), which typically transport 3,000 to 6,000 fat molecules (including cholesterol) per particle, within extracellular
PCSK9
Accelerates particles with a static electric field
An electrostatic particle accelerator is a particle accelerator in which charged particles are accelerated to a high energy by a static high-voltage potential
Electrostatic particle accelerator
Electrostatic_particle_accelerator
Sterol biosynthesized by all animal cells
particles. LDL particles are the major blood cholesterol carriers. Each one contains approximately 1,500 molecules of cholesterol ester. LDL particle
Cholesterol
Non-invasive medical imaging technique
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an emerging non-invasive tomographic imaging technique that directly detects the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic
Magnetic_particle_imaging
Specific genus of RNA viruses
capsid. Viral particles are up to 76.5 nm in diameter and are not enveloped. There are six viral proteins (VPs) that form the virus particle (virion). These
Rotavirus
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