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Longitudinal statistical study
econometrics, panel data and longitudinal data are both multi-dimensional data involving measurements over time. Panel data is a subset of longitudinal data where
Panel_data
multidimensional panel data is data of a phenomenon observed over three or more dimensions. This comes in contrast with panel data, observed over two
Multidimensional_panel_data
40224.014 Hsiao, Cheng (2014), "Cross-Sectionally Dependent Panel Data", Analysis of Panel Data, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 327–368, doi:10
Data_analysis
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Panel, panel, or panelist in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Panel may refer to: Panel painting, in art, a painting on a wood panel (as opposed
Panel
Statistical method
Panel (data) analysis is a statistical method, widely used in social science, epidemiology, and econometrics to analyze two-dimensional (typically cross
Panel_analysis
Statistical model comparing multiple variables over time
The cross-lagged panel model is a type of discrete time structural equation model used to analyze panel data in which two or more variables are repeatedly
Cross-lagged_panel_model
Spanish economist (born 1957)
developed the Arellano–Bond estimator, a widely used GMM estimator for panel data. This estimator is based on the earlier article by Arellano's PhD supervisor
Manuel_Arellano
Type of statistical data
in time. Another type of data, panel data (or longitudinal data), combines both cross-sectional and time series data aspects and looks at how the subjects
Cross-sectional_data
Internet. The LISS panel provides scientists and policy makers with a facility to carry out surveys, with a focus on longitudinal studies. Data collected in
LISS_panel
American technology company
Circana helps clients across 26 industries with point-of-sale data tracking, panel data analysis, marketing mix modeling and assortment optimization.
Circana
Group of online research participants
their opinion. Online panel data (OPD) is widely used in market research. Other fields that contain prominent usage of online panel data include psychological
Online_panel
Assembly of photovoltaic cells used to generate electricity
A solar panel is a device that converts sunlight into electricity by using multiple solar modules that consist of photovoltaic (PV) cells. PV cells are
Solar_panel
Python library for data analysis
three-clause BSD license. The name is derived from the term "panel data", an econometrics term for data sets that include observations over multiple time periods
Pandas_(software)
The front panel data port (FPDP) is a bus that provides high speed data transfer between two or more VMEbus boards at up to 160 Mbit/s with low latency
Front_Panel_Data_Port
Statistical model
quantity. In panel data where longitudinal observations exist for the same subject, fixed effects represent the subject-specific means. In panel data analysis
Fixed_effects_model
Data analysis process
disciplines, two-dimensional data sets are also called panel data. While, strictly speaking, two- and higher-dimensional data sets are "multi-dimensional"
Multidimensional_analysis
Statistical models used for static panel data
model is a Poisson regression model used for static panel data when the outcome variable is count data. Hausman, Hall, and Griliches pioneered the method
Fixed-effect_Poisson_model
Sequence of data points over time
type of panel data. Panel data is the general class, a multidimensional data set, whereas a time series data set is a one-dimensional panel (as is a
Time_series
Statistical hypothesis test in econometrics
to differentiate between fixed effects model and random effects model in panel analysis. In this case, Random effects (RE) is preferred under the null
Durbin–Wu–Hausman_test
American/Australian economist (born 1961)
of Choice Modelling, structural modelling, simulation estimation, and panel data econometrics. He is also one of the world's leading economists by many
Michael_Keane_(economist)
Generalized method of moments estimator in econometrics
generalized method of moments estimator used to estimate dynamic models of panel data. It was proposed in 1991 by Manuel Arellano and Stephen Bond, based on
Arellano–Bond_estimator
American econometrician
his theoretical contributions to the analysis of cross-sectional and panel data. Wooldridge was born in 1960 to parents Nancy A. Williams and J. Cameron
Jeffrey_Wooldridge
Partial (pooled) likelihood estimation for panel data is a quasi-maximum likelihood method for panel analysis that assumes that density of y i t {\displaystyle
Partial likelihood methods for panel data
Partial_likelihood_methods_for_panel_data
Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. Papke, L. E. and J. M. Wooldridge (1996): "Panel Data Methods for Fractional Response
Fractional_model
Dataset of the population in Germany
German is available online. SOEP data are integrated into the Cross National Equivalent File (CNEF) which contains panel data from Australia, Canada, Germany
Socio-Economic_Panel
Chinese social surveys
Panel Studies main website. The Peking University Open Research Data Dataverse mirrors the baseline release under DOI 10.18170/DVN/45LCSO. CFPS data are
China_Family_Panel_Studies
Statistical model
Covariance estimation Conditional variance Panel analysis Baltagi, Badi H. (2008). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data (4th ed.). New York, NY: Wiley. pp. 17–22
Random_effects_model
Longitudinal panel survey
world’s longest running household panel survey, and more than 7,600 peer-reviewed publications have been based on PSID data. As of 2025, Thomas Crossley of
Panel Study of Income Dynamics
Panel_Study_of_Income_Dynamics
Television ratings in the United Kingdom
Board). Barb has two sources of data: people-based panel data and device-based census data for online TV viewing. The Barb panel is a sample of households,
Barb_Audiences
Taiwanese-American econometrician and statistician (born 1943)
California. Hsiao is known for his works in time series analysis and panel data analysis. Hsiao was born in Chongqing, China. Because his father was a
Cheng_Hsiao
Statistical technique to use observational data for causal analysis
between treatment and control groups), the difference in differences uses panel data to measure the differences, between the treatment and control group, of
Difference_in_differences
A Projection panel (also called overhead display or LCD panel) is a device that, although no longer in production, was used as a data projector is today
Projection_panel
cross nation data for researchers across the world. Current CNEF organization contains data from general population household-based panel surveys fielded
Cross-National Equivalent File
Cross-National_Equivalent_File
Survey
BHPS data are integrated into the European Community Household Panel and the Cross National Equivalent File (CNEF) which contains panel data from Australia
British Household Panel Survey
British_Household_Panel_Survey
Tendency for consumer prices to be systematically higher in more developed countries
Over time, the testing of the HBS model has evolved quite dramatically. Panel data and time series techniques have crowded out old cross-section tests, demand
Balassa–Samuelson_effect
Knowledge base to enhance search results
changes and its systems refresh their data. A 2019 Google white paper on combating disinformation presented knowledge panels as a way of giving users context
Knowledge_Graph_(Google)
Unusual personal characteristic
error—that is, unobserved factors that impact the dependent variable—from panel data that both changes over time and across units (individuals, firms, cities
Idiosyncrasy
improved by combining evidence with genomic studies, the use of dense marker panel data, and modern statistical methods. Ecotype Field experiment Genotype and
Transplant_experiment
Econometric term
Marie; Wang, Shixuan (25 April 2018). "Structural breaks in panel data: Large number of panels and short length time series" (PDF). Econometric Reviews.
Structural_break
British economist
estimator, a widely used generalized method of moments estimator for panel data.This estimator is based on the earlier article by John Denis Sargan and
Steve_Bond_(economist)
Facility used to house computer servers
BCA-IMDA Green Mark for New Data Centre" criteria that clearly addressed decarbonization and use of hydrogen cells or solar panels. It is very difficult to
Data_center
Method for estimating parameters
determine asset prices. The method works with multiple assets across time (panel data). The parameters are estimated in two steps: First regress each of n asset
Fama–MacBeth_regression
Statistical package
statistical analysis and econometric analyses, such as cross-section and panel data analysis and time series estimation and forecasting. EViews combines spreadsheet
EViews
Study with repeated observations over time
A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey, or panel study) is a research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., people)
Longitudinal_study
Informational and control component of early computers
instruction or access data at a specified address. The contents of registers and memory would be displayed in the front-panel lights. The programmer
Front_panel
Estimator in statistics and econometrics
is an estimator used to address the problem of omitted variables with panel data. It is consistent under the assumptions of the fixed effects model. In
First-difference_estimator
Census survey
SIPP data are used to evaluate the effectiveness of Federal, state, and local government programs. The SIPP gathers information from a series of panels, each
Survey of Income and Program Participation
Survey_of_Income_and_Program_Participation
Longitudinal household panel survey of Hong Kong, launched 2011
The Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics (HKPSSD; Chinese: 香港社會動態追蹤調查) is a longitudinal household panel survey of Hong Kong, launched in 2011 by Xiaogang
Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics
Hong_Kong_Panel_Study_of_Social_Dynamics
French economist
economic data issues, errors in variables and panel data, his research has been mainly in the field of production economics and panel data econometrics
Jacques_Mairesse_(economist)
analysis of cross sections and time series, LIMDEP supports methods for panel data analysis, frontier and efficiency estimation and discrete choice modeling
LIMDEP
Serial Front Panel Data Port(Serial FPDP or SFPDP) is a high speed low latency data streaming serial communication protocol. It currently supports several
Serial_FPDP
French economist (born 1976)
involves latent variable modeling, modeling of unobserved heterogeneity in panel data, and its applications in labor economics, in particular the analysis of
Stéphane_Bonhomme
(formerly British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), UK) Wooden, Mark; Watson, Nicole; Butterworth, Peter (April 2024). "Data Resource Profile: Household
Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey
Household,_Income_and_Labour_Dynamics_in_Australia_Survey
Polish-based panel survey program
intervals. The focus of the Polish Panel Survey is to describe Poland's social structure and its change. POLPAN data and documentation from the waves 1988
Polish_Panel_Survey
Econometric software package
cross-sectional data and panel data. The main modules apart from PcGive for dynamic econometric models (ARDL, VAR, GARCH, Switching, Autometrics), panel data models
OxMetrics
Layout for representing data from a cardiopulmonary test
The Wasserman 9-Panel Plot, often called a Nine-Panel Plot, is a standard layout for the graphical representation of data produced by a cardiopulmonary
Wasserman_9-Panel_Plot
Study of economic methodologies
observational studies. Data sets to which econometric analyses are applied can be classified as time-series data, cross-sectional data, panel data, and multidimensional
Methodology_of_econometrics
Selection of data points in statistics
spousal interaction. There have been several proposed methods of analyzing panel data, including MANOVA, growth curves, and structural equation modeling with
Sampling_(statistics)
File format for encoding linked data
(JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding linked data using JSON and of serializing data similarly to traditional JSON. It is
JSON-LD
Device featuring a number of jacks for connecting and routing circuits
A patch panel is a device or unit featuring a number of jacks, usually of the same or similar type, for the use of connecting and routing circuits for
Patch_panel
Family of surveys
Insurance Component data from the AHRQ website. The current[when?] publicly available Medical Expenditure Panel Survey – Household Component data set consists
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
Medical_Expenditure_Panel_Survey
2008. "survey data, analysis of," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, Abstract. • C. Hsiao, 2008. "Economic Panel Data," International
Economic_data
Information Graphical User Interface
management Data presentation architecture Event stream processing Information graphics Information design Scientific visualization Control panel (software)
Dashboard_(computing)
Discovery, interpretation, and communication of meaningful patterns in data
enable marketers to analyze large volumes of consumer purchase data, survey data, and panel data. This helps them better understand consumer behavior and effectively
Analytics
Economic model explaining consumption pattern formation
"The Sensitivity of Consumption to Transitory Income: Estimates from Panel Data on Households" (PDF). Econometrica. 50 (2): 461–482. doi:10.2307/1912638
Permanent_income_hypothesis
Form of longitudinal study
research and discovery. Cohort (statistics) Community of position Panel analysis Panel data "Cohort Studies". Web Center for Social Research Methods. Archived
Cohort_study
Ratios regarding the loss of participants during an experiment
Moffitt, Robert (1998). "An Analysis of Sample Attrition in Panel Data: The Michigan Panel Study of Income Dynamics" (PDF). Journal of Human Resources
Attrition_(research)
Regression method in econometrics
Striaukas, Jonas (2022-07-26). "Machine learning panel data regressions with heavy-tailed dependent data: Theory and application". Journal of Econometrics:
Mixed-data_sampling
16-bit minicomputer series
the Nova 840 panel photo to the right. The layout contained a keyed power switch, two rows of address and data display lamps, a row of data entry switches
Data_General_Nova
Technique in statistics
Wright attempted to determine the supply and demand for butter using panel data on prices and quantities sold in the United States. The idea was that
Instrumental_variables
1953 scientific committee for UAP reports
The Robertson Panel was a scientific committee which met in January 1953 headed by Howard P. Robertson. The Panel arose from a recommendation to the Intelligence
Robertson_Panel
Processor", although it is also commonly used with cross section and panel data. The program was initially developed by Robert Hall during his graduate
TSP_(econometrics_software)
American economist (1933–2024)
Academic Press, Inc. ISBN 0-12-515752-5. Nerlove, Marc (2002). Essays in Panel Data Econometrics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81534-5
Marc_Nerlove
Control panel in front of a vehicle operator
instrument panel, digital dash, digital speedometer or digital instrument cluster. By analogy, a succinct display of various types of related visual data in one
Dashboard
Numeric stand-ins in regression analysis
otherwise equals zero. In the panel data fixed effects estimator dummies are created for each of the units in cross-sectional data (e.g. firms or countries)
Dummy_variable_(statistics)
Visual representation of data
Data and information visualization (data viz/vis or info viz/vis) is the practice of designing and creating graphic or visual representations of quantitative
Data and information visualization
Data_and_information_visualization
sample has included households interviewed in previous surveys (panel households). Data collection is entrusted to a specialised company using professional
Survey on Household Income and Wealth
Survey_on_Household_Income_and_Wealth
Economist
the Netherlands Economic Review. Verbeek, M. (2021). Panel Methods for Finance: A Guide to Panel Data Econometrics for Financial Applications, De Gruyter
Marno_Verbeek
1998 non-fiction book by John Lott
"Concealed-Gun-Carrying Laws and Violent Crime: Evidence from State Panel Data", International Review of Law and Economics, 1998. Dan Black and Daniel
More_Guns,_Less_Crime
of the industry reports, a quarterly newsletter with POS and consumer panel data, executive management peer groups and group discounts for business solution
International Housewares Association
International_Housewares_Association
Group of survey respondents
The data collected includes demographics, lifestyle characteristics and media habits, which provides a basis for future survey participation. A panel can
Custom_online_panel
Type of map
Actuators, and Algorithms. MIT Press. Elhorst, J. Paul (2015), "Spatial Panel Data Analysis", Encyclopedia of GIS, Cham: Springer International Publishing
Topological_map
India's only household panel study that collects information about household purchases. Conducted by IMRB International's Media and Panel Group, it surveys
MarketPulse
American statistician and sociologist
maximum likelihood for missing data, model comparisons in logistic regression, and fixed effects models for panel data. Allison has served as an editorial
Paul_D._Allison
Statistical model
problem if you are using panel data, which represent repeated choices over time. By applying a standard logit model to panel data you are making the assumption
Mixed_logit
Swiss economist (1935–2005)
"Formulation and Estimation of Econometric Models for Panel Data". The Econometrics of Panel Data. (with Marc Nerlove). Amsterdam.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint:
Pietro_Balestra_(economist)
The Lifelong Labour Market Database (LLMDB2) is a panel data set, owned by the Department for Work and Pensions in Britain. LLMDB2 holds a 1% sample from
LLMDB
American economist
works in the fields of econometrics and microeconomic theory, including panel data models and the study of economic decision-making. Rosa Matzkin received
Rosa_Matzkin
British economist (born 1963)
location of multinationals and productivity: an empirical analysis using panel data (PhD thesis). University of Keele. OCLC 556724027. Griffith, Rachel; Aghion
Rachel_Griffith
Statistical package for time-series analysis
order to forecast, as well as to conduct data analysis. In addition, RATS can handle cross-sectional and panel data: Linear regression, including stepwise
RATS_(software)
Visualization technique for multivariate data
independent Y axes may be utilized when presenting data with different numeric scales in each panel. Some of the earliest known examples of this type of
Small_multiple
Extremely large or complex datasets
Big data primarily refers to data sets that are too large or complex to be dealt with by traditional data-processing software. Data with many entries
Big_data
Scientific intergovernmental body
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is an intergovernmental body of the United Nations (UN). Its job is to "provide governments at all
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change
English-based social enterprise
data for use in oncology research. It studies longitudinal or panel data, over time. Data mining is carried out with software from companies such as SAS
Health_Data_Insight
Statistical model containing both fixed effects and random effects
Empirical Bayes method Baltagi, Badi H. (2008). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data (Fourth ed.). New York: Wiley. pp. 54–55. ISBN 978-0-470-51886-1. Gomes
Mixed_model
Dutch economist
an international authority specialised in time series econometrics and panel data. Franz Palm was a Professor of Econometrics at Maastricht University from
Franz_Palm
American economist
vintage capital models. ———; Griliches, Zvi (1986). "Errors in Variables in Panel Data" (PDF). Journal of Econometrics. 31 (1): 93–118. doi:10.1016/0304-4076(86)90058-8
Jerry_A._Hausman
Group of lights as a status indicator
An annunciator panel, also known in some aircraft as the Centralized Warning Panel (CWP) or Caution Advisory Panel (CAP), is a group of lights used as
Annunciator_panel
1961 American crewed sub-orbital spaceflight
that he wanted them to wait five minutes while he recorded his cockpit panel data. Using a grease pencil with the pressure suit gloves was awkward, and
Mercury-Redstone_4
New Keynesian economics (2010s) Economic inequality M. Arellano (2003), Panel Data Econometrics, Chapter 2, 'Unobserved heterogeneity', pp. 7-31. Oxford
Heterogeneity_in_economics
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance