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Estimation of orbits of objects
Orbit determination is the estimation of orbits of objects such as moons, planets, and spacecraft. One major application is to allow tracking newly observed
Orbit_determination
Field of classical mechanics concerned with the motion of spacecraft
and declination), to find the six orbital elements that completely describe an orbit. The theory of orbit determination has subsequently been developed
Orbital_mechanics
Curved path of an object around a point
T is the orbital period. See also Kepler’s third law. Free drift Jacobi coordinates List of orbits Molniya orbit Orbit determination Orbital spaceflight
Orbit
Parameters that define a specific orbit
of the orbiting object) by manual transformations or with computer software through a process known as orbit determination. Non-closed orbits exist, although
Orbital_elements
American satellite-based radio navigation service
precise positions in real-time with a support of orbit and clock corrections. Orbit determination of low-orbiting satellites with GPS receiver installed on board
Global_Positioning_System
Periodic, three-dimensional orbit
In orbital mechanics a near-rectilinear halo orbit (NRHO) is a halo orbit that passes close to the smaller of two bodies and has nearly stable behavior
Near-rectilinear_halo_orbit
Circular areosynchronous orbit in the Martian equatorial plane
An areostationary orbit, areosynchronous equatorial orbit (AEO), or Mars geostationary orbit is a circular areosynchronous orbit (ASO) approximately
Areostationary_orbit
Process of controlling orientation of an aerospace vehicle
spacecraft it is usually sufficient to estimate the position (via Orbit determination) separate from the attitude estimation.[citation needed] For terrestrial
Spacecraft attitude determination and control
Spacecraft_attitude_determination_and_control
Spaceflight maneuver
Lunar orbit rendezvous (LOR) is a process for landing humans on the Moon and returning them to Earth. It was utilized for the Apollo program missions
Lunar_orbit_rendezvous
Organized way in which molecules are ordered and sorted
include specifying the occupation of a molecule's molecular orbitals. Structure determination can be applied to a range of targets from very simple molecules
Chemical_structure
Cartesian vectors of position and velocity of an orbiting body in space
they coincide with the actual orbit only at that moment. ECEF Earth-centered inertial Orbital plane Orbit determination State vector (navigation) Radial
Orbital_state_vectors
Great Comet of 1997
Planet Sections. Retrieved December 17, 2009. B. G. Marsden (1997). "Orbit Determination and Evolution of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)". Earth, Moon, and Planets
Comet_Hale–Bopp
Observatory
has been used to perform professional astronomy research, such as orbit determination of small Solar System bodies in the early 1900s and supernova surveys
Leuschner_Observatory
Celestial orbit whose trajectory is a conic section in the orbital plane
orbit, and it has the magnitude of orbital eccentricity. This makes it very useful in orbit determination (OD) for the orbital elements of an orbit when
Kepler_orbit
Problem in celestial mechanics
celestial mechanics, Lambert's problem is concerned with the determination of an orbit from two position vectors and the time of flight, posed in the
Lambert's_problem
American aerospace engineer (1939–2016)
Boulder. He is known for his work in satellite navigation and precise orbit determination. He worked on various missions while at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
George_Born
Way to determine a preliminary orbit from initial observations in astronomy
In orbital mechanics (a subfield of celestial mechanics), Gauss's method is used for preliminary orbit determination from at least three observations
Gauss's_method
Aerospace engineering textbook
motion, orbit determination, orbital maneuvers, relative motion and rendezvous, and interplanetary trajectories. The text focuses primarily on orbital mechanics
Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students
Orbital_Mechanics_for_Engineering_Students
French civilian geopositioning system
DORIS is a French satellite system used for the determination of satellite orbits (e.g. TOPEX/Poseidon) and for positioning. The name is an acronym of
DORIS_(satellite_system)
Prediction of the dates and times of asteroids impacting Earth
of its orbit which is generally based on a short observation arc of less than 2 weeks. Follow-up observations to improve the orbit determination Calculating
Asteroid_impact_prediction
European global navigation satellite system
Version 1 (GSTB-V1) project validated the on-ground algorithms for Orbit Determination and Time Synchronisation (OD&TS). This project, led by ESA and European
Galileo (satellite navigation system)
Galileo_(satellite_navigation_system)
Periodic comet
Neuhäuser, R.; Mugrauer, M.; Harrak, A.; Chapman, J. (August 2021). "Orbit determination just from historical observations? Test case: The comet of AD 760
Halley's_Comet
Mainframe computer, 1960s
computing. In 1964, an early version of TRACE, a high-precision orbit determination and orbit propagation program, was used on an IBM 7090 computer. Operation
IBM_7090
Process of finding the image of an object in images predating its discovery
become visible again (also see lost minor planet and lost comet). Orbit determination requires measuring an object's position on multiple occasions. The
Precovery
Coordinate frames
Tapley, Byron D; Schutz, Bob E; Born, George H (2004). Statistical Orbit Determination. Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 61–63. ISBN 978-0-12-683630-1. David
Earth-centered_inertial
Earth observation satellite
higher-level products (L2P, L3) has responsibility for providing precise orbit determination and support for Doris and altimeter operations POSEIDON4, a radar
Sentinel-6_Michael_Freilich
Topics referred to by the same term
Directors (India), a Indian professional organisation Interactive Orbit Determination, a data reporting format for satellite observation International
IOD
Device to reflect radiation back to its source
satellites.) Other satellites include retroreflectors for orbit calibration and orbit determination, such as in satellite navigation (e.g., all Galileo satellites
Retroreflector
Software application for use in satellite missions
including precise orbit modeling, 2D and 3D visualization, sensor modeling, maneuver modeling, maneuver estimation, plotting, orbit determination, tracking data
FreeFlyer
Earth observation satellite
(AMR-C) provided by NASA Global Navigation Satellite System Precise Orbit Determination (GNSS POD) receiver, developed by ESA and derived from the GNSS Receiver
Sentinel-6B
Dwarf planet in the asteroid belt
Gauss, then twenty-four years old, developed an efficient method of orbit determination. He predicted the path of Ceres within a few weeks and sent his results
Ceres_(dwarf_planet)
Maintenance of a particular orbit
et al. (2018). Stationkeeping, orbit determination, and attitude control for spacecraft in near rectilinear halo orbits. AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist
Orbital_station-keeping
Parameter introduced by the Minor Planet Center
future motion of near-Earth objects. Orbital uncertainty is related to several parameters used in the orbit determination process including the number of observations
Uncertainty_parameter
Cancelled lunar orbital space station
Lunar Gateway was a planned space station that would have been assembled in orbit around the Moon as part of the Artemis program. Derived from earlier concepts
Lunar_Gateway
Time standard used in astronomical ephemerides
reduction programs of that time (including the Single Precision Orbit Determination Program) used, as ET, the current US atomic clock time A.1 offset
Ephemeris_time
International Earth observation satellite mission
GPS satellites in orbit to constantly determine its position in orbit. Similarly, DORIS is another system to help determine orbit positioning. Designed
Jason-3
NASA orbiter mission to the Moon (1967–1968)
evaluate the Manned Space Flight Network tracking stations and Apollo Orbit Determination Program. The spacecraft was placed in a cislunar trajectory and on
Lunar_Orbiter_5
Asteroids whose orbits are not known accurately enough to find them again
because the available observational data is insufficient for reliable orbit determination. With limited information astronomers cannot know where to look for
Lost_minor_planet
to 2500 km. It is widely used for spacecraft orbit determination, atmospheric entry modeling, and orbital decay prediction in aerospace. The model was
Jacchia_Reference_Atmosphere
Chinese global navigation satellite system
types of orbits: 24 in medium Earth orbit (global coverage), 3 in inclined geosynchronous orbit (Asia–Pacific coverage), and 3 in geostationary orbit (China
BeiDou
American aerospace engineer (born 1971)
solutions to the accumulating garbage in space. He specializes in orbit determination and prediction, especially as related to space situational awareness
Moriba_Jah
Geopotential descriptions used by the US DoD
more sophisticated time-varying models commonly used for satellite orbit determination. ETRS89 NAD83 "WGS 84 Earth Gravitational Model". earth-info.nga
Earth_Gravitational_Model
Jianfeng, Cao; Qian, Huang; Lihe, Fung (2010). "Chang'E-1 precision orbit determination and lunar gravity field solution". Advances in Space Research. 46
Gravitation_of_the_Moon
Star orbiting close to Sagittarius A*
we are '2018 or bust' these days, because at that moment your orbital determination becomes so much better "A star is about to plunge head first toward
S2_(star)
Type of satellite laser
ocean and atmospheric systems. In addition, SLR provides precise orbit determination for spaceborne radar altimeter missions mapping the ocean surface
Satellite_laser_ranging
Minor planet found within the inner Solar System
Friedrich Gauss, then 24 years old, developed an efficient method of orbit determination. In a few weeks, he predicted the path of Ceres and sent his results
Asteroid
Space network project
back to Earth. LunaNet will also offer navigation services, eg. for orbit determination, and navigation on the lunar surface. Draft interoperability specifications
LunaNet
Professor of space systems engineering
of guidance, navigation and control of space systems, satellite orbit determination, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) as well as Systems engineering
Eberhard_Gill
Interstellar comet in 2019
occultation would be difficult to predict, requiring a precise determination of its orbit, and the detection would necessitate a network of small telescopes
2I/Borisov
TRACE is a high-precision orbit determination and orbit propagation program. It was developed by The Aerospace Corporation in El Segundo, California.
TRACE_(computer_program)
European organisation dedicated to space exploration
; Féménias, P. (1 September 2017). "Sentinel-1A – First precise orbit determination results". Advances in Space Research. 60 (5): 879–892. Bibcode:2017AdSpR
European_Space_Agency
Type of optical device
tracking and orbit-determination by commercial Star Trackers in real-sky performance demonstrations and analytical capacity assessment for in-orbit SSA applications"
Star_tracker
Measurement of the Earth using satellites
The presence of the GPS signal in space also makes it suitable for orbit determination and satellite-to-satellite tracking. Examples: GPS, GLONASS
Satellite_geodesy
Applications of Global Navigation Satellite System
The addition of a GNSS receiver to a spacecraft allows precise orbit determination without a ground tracking station. This, in turn, enables autonomous
GNSS_applications
Academic summer program in the United States
near-Earth asteroids (inside the orbit of Mars). The process of orbit determination is conceptually the same in both cases. First students take a series
Summer_Science_Program
Italian mathematician and astronomer
dynamics, asteroid families, satellite geodesy, planetary exploration, orbit determination and asteroid impact risk assessment. He is the founder of the two
Andrea_Milani_(mathematician)
Main-belt asteroid
any known object orbiting the Sun, after Mercury. It was classified as an Apohele asteroid, which always stay inside of Earth's orbit, approaching within
(459883)_2014_JX55
Type of spoofing attack
detect GNSS spoofing attempts and maintaining the positioning and orbit determination by the provided positions. Military GNSS signals are encrypted, making
GNSS_spoofing
For orbit determination in orbital mechanics: Gauss's law for gravity Gaussian gravitational constant Gaussian year Gauss's method Gaussian orbital Gaussian
List of things named after Carl Friedrich Gauss
List_of_things_named_after_Carl_Friedrich_Gauss
Russian global navigation satellite system
time position and velocity determination for military and civilian users. The satellites are located in middle circular orbit at 19,100 km (11,900 mi) altitude
GLONASS
1676 demonstration of light's finite speed by Danish astronomer Ole Rømer
to travel a distance equal to the diameter of Earth's orbit around the Sun. Using modern orbits, this would imply a speed of light of 226,663 kilometres
Rømer's determination of the speed of light
Rømer's_determination_of_the_speed_of_light
Topics referred to by the same term
Satellite tracking station Geodetic satellite tracking Satellite orbit determination Space_debris#Tracking_and_measurement Tracker (disambiguation) This
Satellite_tracker
Satellite mission to map ocean surface topography
equipped with instruments to accurately pinpoint its location. Precise orbit determination is crucial because errors in locating the spacecraft would distort
TOPEX/Poseidon
Rostom Mbarek, 2017 Nesvorný, D.; Morbidelli, A. (2008). "Mass and Orbit Determination from Transit Timing Variations of Exoplanets". The Astrophysical
Exoplanet orbital and physical parameters
Exoplanet_orbital_and_physical_parameters
Stochastic processes
Bob Schutz, Byron Tapley, George H. Born (2004-06-26). Statistical Orbit Determination. p. 230. ISBN 978-0-08-054173-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple
Gauss–Markov_process
JPL program to monitor the Minor Planet Center's catalog for Earth impacts
pseudo-observation (IOBS) analysis technique that runs an extended orbit-determination filter that tries to converge to an impacting solution compatible
Sentry_(monitoring_system)
Process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle
monitoring the actual spacecraft position while the mission is in flight (orbit determination) and creating maneuvers to bring the spacecraft back to the reference
Navigation
Circular orbit above Earth's Equator and following the direction of Earth's rotation
A geostationary orbit, also referred to as a GEO or GSO, is a circular geosynchronous orbit 35,786 km (22,236 mi) in altitude above Earth's equator, 42
Geostationary_orbit
Earth observation satellite series
water. GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) provides precise orbit determination and can track multiple satellites simultaneously. Sentinel-3 is operated
Sentinel-3
Space propulsion method using Sun radiation
for the first time, to determine the minute orbit perturbations caused by light pressure. Orbit determination was done by the nearby AKATSUKI probe from
Solar_sail
Algorithm that estimates unknowns from a series of measurements over time
medicine – single photon emission computed tomography image restoration Orbit determination Power system state estimation Radar tracker Satellite navigation
Kalman_filter
Ground-based elements of a spacecraft system
center along with spacecraft telemetry, where they are often used in orbit determination, which in turn may guide antenna pointing. Mission control centers
Ground_segment
Branch of statistics to estimate models based on measured data
particular Adaptive control) Network intrusion detection system Orbit determination Measured data are likely to be subject to noise or uncertainty and
Estimation_theory
Most hazardous risk–listed near-Earth asteroid
Davide; Naidu, Shantanu P.; Park, Ryan S. (1 June 2024). "Asteroid Orbit Determination Using Gaia FPR: Statistical Analysis". The Astronomical Journal.
(29075)_1950_DA
Interstellar object that passed near Earth in 2017
brightnesses observed. Monte Carlo simulations based on the available orbit determination suggest that the equatorial obliquity of ʻOumuamua could be about
1I/ʻOumuamua
NASA orbiter mission to Venus (1978–1992)
the experiment achieved precise spacecraft positioning, enhancing orbit determination and navigation accuracy. OTUR focused on detecting and analyzing
Pioneer_Venus_Orbiter
Type of high-latitude satellite orbit
A Molniya orbit (Russian: Молния, IPA: [ˈmolnʲɪjə] , "Lightning") is a type of satellite orbit designed to provide communications and remote sensing coverage
Molniya_orbit
Aerospace software company
from the University of Colorado, Boulder with a focus on precise orbit determination. He has supported several NASA missions in the past, most notably
Kayhan_Space
Trans-Neptunian object
is stopped by the interstellar medium at around 120 AU. The new orbit determination indicates that this object is currently very close to aphelion which
2018_VG18
Non-periodic comet
from Rome (July 23), an infinite number of orbit determinations can fit the observations, but a retrograde orbit is inferred based on available notes. The
Caesar's_Comet
February 2002. Retrieved 20 February 2023. "GPS-Based Navigation and Orbit Determination for the AMSAT AO-40 Satellite" (PDF). American Institute of Aeronautics
List of communications satellite firsts
List_of_communications_satellite_firsts
First planet from the Sun
days) and sidereal day (58.65 Earth days) are in a 3:2 ratio, in a spin–orbit resonance. Consequently, one solar day (sunrise to sunrise) on Mercury lasts
Mercury_(planet)
2017 Russian resupply spaceflight to the ISS
enables real time determination of the status vector and orbital parameters dispensing with the need of ground station orbit determination. Real time relative
Progress_MS-05
Algorithm used to solve non-linear least squares problems
of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Seminar on Tracking Programs and Orbit Determination: 1–9. Wiliamowski, Bogdan; Yu, Hao (June 2010). "Improved Computation
Levenberg–Marquardt_algorithm
Combined military forces of the People's Republic of China
original on 19 November 2022. Retrieved 19 November 2022. "Precise orbit determination of Beidou Satellites with precise positioning". Science China. 2012
People's_Liberation_Army
Logarithmic scale in astronomy
Davide; Naidu, Shantanu P.; Park, Ryan S. (31 May 2024). "Asteroid Orbit Determination Using Gaia FPR: Statistical Analysis". The Astronomical Journal.
Palermo_scale
Facial bone
orbit, of the temporal fossa and the infratemporal fossa. It presents a malar and a temporal surface; four processes (the frontosphenoidal, orbital,
Zygomatic_bone
American astronomer (born 1965)
announcement. However, the Minor Planet Center only needs precise enough orbit determination on the object in order to provide discovery credit, which Ortiz provided
Michael_E._Brown
Series of European meteorological satellites
Svalbard which is used for S-Band ranging and doppler measurements (for orbit determination), acquisition of real-time house keeping telemetry and uplink of
MetOp
Kreutz sungrazer comet that appeared in 1843
Retrieved 8 September 2023. (Orbit is probably very poorly determined) P. W. Chodas; Z. Sekanina (2008). "A New Orbit Determination for Bright Sungrazing Comet
Great_Comet_of_1843
Main-belt asteroid
altogether made it possible to refine the orbit determination of the asteroid well enough to give it an orbital uncertainty parameter of 0 by the Minor
718492_Quro
Velocity of an object as the rate of distance change between the object and a point
redirect targets Bistatic range rate Doppler effect Inner product Orbit determination Lp space The norm, a nonnegative number, is multiplied by -1 if velocity
Radial_velocity
2025 lunar landing mission
Rocket Lab provided ground and flight software, trajectory design, orbit determination, and software testbed integration. Blue Ghost featured a Nammo LEROS-4
Blue_Ghost_Mission_1
Series of weather observation satellites launched by Russia
coefficient. SLR tracking of this satellite was used for precise orbit determination and the Fizeau experiment. The Fizeau experiment tests the theory
Meteor_(satellite)
Indian space research network
health analysis and control, orbit and attitude determination and network co-ordination support to all low Earth orbit satellite missions of ISRO throughout
ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network
ISRO_Telemetry,_Tracking_and_Command_Network
Variable star in the constellation Cygnus
In 1978, Frank Gieseking and Wilhelm Seggewiss refined Young's orbit determination for the spectroscopic binary (new period 3.313168±0.000008 days)
V389_Cygni
Near-Earth asteroid and Earth trojan
horseshoe orbits are also possible. Newer calculations based on an improved orbit determination confirm these results. Animation of 2010 TK7 orbit from 1600
(706765)_2010_TK7
Non-periodic comet
Browser: C/1743 X1" (1744-03-01 last obs used (2-body dynamics used in orbit determination)). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2011-07-18. J. A. Fernández;
Great_Comet_of_1744
European Space Agency satellites
Version 1 (GSTB-V1) project validated the on-ground algorithms for Orbit Determination and Time Synchronization (OD&TS). This project, led by ESA and European
GIOVE
Apparent oscillation of a minor body seen from the major body it orbits
perceived by observers on the Earth and caused by changes between the orbital and rotational planes of the moon. It causes an observer to see slightly
Libration
ORBIT DETERMINATION
ORBIT DETERMINATION
Boy/Male
Tamil
Will, Determination, Resolve
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Circumference of the Orbit; Limit; Realm
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Corbett.
Boy/Male
British, English, Latin
Raven; Variant of Corbet; Black-haired; Dark as a Raven
Female
Hebrew
(×ï‹×¨Ö´×™×ª) Variant form of Hebrew Ora, ORIT means "light."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Will, Determination
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Orbit eye socket, Orgument, debate
Girl/Female
Tamil
Prapti | பà¯à®°à®¾à®ªà¯à®¤à®¿
Achievement, Discovery, Gain, Determination
Prapti | பà¯à®°à®¾à®ªà¯à®¤à®¿
Girl/Female
Tamil
Prapthi | பà¯à®°à®¾à®ªà¯à®¤à®¿
Achievement, Discovery, Gain, Determination
Prapthi | பà¯à®°à®¾à®ªà¯à®¤à®¿
Boy/Male
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
One who Argues a Lot; Orbit; Eye Socket; Orgument; Debate
Boy/Male
Tamil
Will, Determination, Resolve
Boy/Male
English
Raven. Black-haired.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Orbit, Eye socket, Argument
Boy/Male
Indian
Orbit, Eye socket, Argument
Girl/Female
Arabic, Hebrew
Little Light
Girl/Female
Tamil
Praapti | பà¯à®°à®¾à®ªà¯à®¤à®¿
Achievement, Determination
Praapti | பà¯à®°à®¾à®ªà¯à®¤à®¿
Girl/Female
Muslim
Intention, Determination
Girl/Female
Muslim
Determination, Resolution
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Indian
Time Lord
Boy/Male
Indian
Determination
ORBIT DETERMINATION
ORBIT DETERMINATION
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit
Sun Faced; With a Face as Bright as the Sun
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Honestly
Boy/Male
Tamil
Capable, Skilful
Girl/Female
Hindu
A woman with beautiful hair
Boy/Male
Tamil
Shaktidhar | ஷகà¯à®¤à®¿à®¤à®°
Lord Shiva, The Lord Subramanian
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi
Pretty Face
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name, from Middle English, Old French messag(i)er ‘carrier of messages’ (an agent derivative of message, Late Latin missaticum, from missus ‘sent’).
Girl/Female
Indian
Breath of fresh air, Morning air, Breeze
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Kimberley.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
To Gain
ORBIT DETERMINATION
ORBIT DETERMINATION
ORBIT DETERMINATION
ORBIT DETERMINATION
ORBIT DETERMINATION
n.
A circle; esp., a circle, or nearly circular orbit, described by the revolution of a heavenly body; an orbit.
a.
Below the orbit; as, the infraorbital foramen; the infraorbital nerve.
a.
Situated around the orbit; as, the orbitary feathers of a bird.
n.
An orb or ball.
n.
Alt. of Orbity
n.
The path described by a heavenly body in its periodical revolution around another body; as, the orbit of Jupiter, of the earth, of the moon.
n.
The skin which surrounds the eye of a bird.
a.
Situated in front or the orbit.
a.
Situated under or below the orbit.
v. t.
To throw out of the proper orbit; to unsphere.
a.
Of or pertaining to the apsides of an orbit.
a.
Alt. of Orbical
n.
An orbit, as of a star; a socket.
n.
One of the two points where the orbit of a planet, or comet, intersects the ecliptic, or the orbit of a satellite intersects the plane of the orbit of its primary.
a.
Of or pertaining to an orbit.
n.
Orbation.
n.
The cavity or socket of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are situated.
a.
Situated above the orbit of the eye.
n.
The elliptical orbit of a planet.