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indicating that Saudi Arabia maintains a nuclear weapons program. From an official and public standpoint, Saudi Arabia has been an opponent of nuclear weapons
Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia
Nuclear_program_of_Saudi_Arabia
Saudi Arabia has no nuclear power plants. However, the country has plans to create a domestic nuclear industry in anticipation of high growth in domestic
Nuclear_power_in_Saudi_Arabia
distrust of the Saudi Arabian nuclear program. In July 2026, the United States and Saudi Arabia finalized a 123 Agreement for Saudi Arabia to build a
Saudi Arabia and weapons of mass destruction
Saudi_Arabia_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Bilateral nuclear treaty between Saudi Arabia and the United States
July 2026 Saudi Arabia and the United States signed a Section 123 Agreement allowing for Saudi Arabia to build a civilian nuclear program. It was signed
2026 Saudi Arabia–United States nuclear deal
2026_Saudi_Arabia–United_States_nuclear_deal
Combined military forces of Saudi Arabia
part of the military forces of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It consists of the Saudi Arabian Land Forces, the Royal Saudi Naval Forces, the Royal Saudi Air
Saudi_Arabian_Armed_Forces
Energy in Saudi Arabia involves petroleum and natural gas production, consumption, and exports, and electricity production. Saudi Arabia is the world's
Energy_in_Saudi_Arabia
Military unit
countermeasure to the Iranian nuclear program. King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia and Prince Turki bin Faisal Al Saud, a former Saudi intelligence chief and ambassador
Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force
Royal_Saudi_Strategic_Missile_Force
2025 Pakistan–Saudi Arabia treaty
Pakistan portal Saudi Arabia portal 2026 Saudi Arabia–United States nuclear deal Mecca Joint Defence Agreement Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia Pakistan and
Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement
Strategic_Mutual_Defence_Agreement
Saudi Arabian military officer
connected with Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force. His post has become even more important since the Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia has been pushed forward
Jarallah_Alaluwayt
Indirect conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia
Iran and Saudi Arabia are engaged in a proxy war over influence in the Middle East and other regions of the Muslim world. The two countries have provided
Iran–Saudi_Arabia_proxy_war
Military forces of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The Saudi Arabian Military Forces (SAMF) is the collective term for all military forces of Saudi Arabia. Each branch operates independently under different
Saudi_Arabian_Military_Forces
Bilateral relations
The State of Israel and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have never had formal diplomatic relations. In 1947, Saudi Arabia voted against the United Nations
Israel–Saudi_Arabia_relations
signs a deal with Saudi Arabia to develop a civilian nuclear program in the country. US President Donald Trump demands that Saudi Arabia join the Abraham
2026_in_Saudi_Arabia
King of Saudi Arabia since 2015
is King of Saudi Arabia, having reigned since 2015. He is a son of King Abdulaziz, the founder of Saudi Arabia, and a member of the House of Saud. Salman
Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia
Bilateral relations between China and Saudi Arabia
The People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) established official diplomatic relations on 21 July 1990. Prior to the 1990s
China–Saudi_Arabia_relations
Bilateral relations
France–Saudi Arabia relations are the foreign relations between France and Saudi Arabia. Diplomatic relations began in 1926. Today Saudi Arabia is an ally
France–Saudi_Arabia_relations
Saudi Vision 2030 is a Saudi Arabian government program launched by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in January 2016. The program aims to diversify the
List of Saudi Vision 2030 projects
List_of_Saudi_Vision_2030_projects
Country in West Asia
Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in West Asia that occupies the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula. Covering a land
Saudi_Arabia
Saudi Arabian political scientist
advisor to the Saudi Arabian Ambassador to the UK, Prince Muhammad bin Nawaf. He is currently a senior research fellow at the Department of War Studies at
Nawaf_Obaid
Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia since 2017
ruler of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, formally serving as Crown Prince and Prime Minister. He is the heir apparent to the Saudi throne, the son of King
Mohammed_bin_Salman
Organisation in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
lil-ʻUlūm wa-al-Tiqnīyah) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia is a governmental organization established in 1977 as the Saudi Arabian National Center for Science & Technology
King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology
King_Abdulaziz_City_for_Science_and_Technology
Bilateral relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia have experienced periods of tension as well as phases of diplomatic engagement and normalization. The
Iran–Saudi_Arabia_relations
Bilateral relations between Saudi Arabia and the United States began in 1933 when full diplomatic relations were established. These relations were formalized
Saudi Arabia–United States relations
Saudi_Arabia–United_States_relations
The nuclear program of Iran consists of an extensive infrastructure of research sites, uranium mines, research reactors, uranium processing facilities
Nuclear_program_of_Iran
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and is chaired by the Minister of Energy. K.A.C.A.R.E. was founded in 2010 with a mandate to develop nuclear and renewable
King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy
King_Abdullah_City_for_Atomic_and_Renewable_Energy
Aspect of nuclear deterrence strategy
Saudi Arabia-Pakistan Nuclear Weapons Deal" Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Project on Nuclear Weapons, 13 November 2013. The future of
Nuclear_sharing
King of Saudi Arabia from 2005 to 2015
Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 1 August 2005 until his death in 2015. Prior to his accession, he was Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from 13 June 1982
Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia
Saudi royal and government official (born 1945)
commonly known as Turki Al-Faisal, is a Saudi prince and former government official who served as head of Saudi Arabia's General Intelligence Presidency from
Turki_Al-Faisal
Diplomatic issue between Qatar and Saudi Arabia
Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict refers to the temporary struggle for regional influence between Qatar and Saudi Arabia, both of which are members of
Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict
Qatar–Saudi_Arabia_diplomatic_conflict
the president of the United States, Donald Trump, undertook his first major international trip of his second term, visiting Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the
May 2025 visit by Donald Trump to the Middle East
May_2025_visit_by_Donald_Trump_to_the_Middle_East
rivals such as Saudi Arabia, Israel, and the United States. Concerns about the ballistic program's potential connection to Iran's nuclear ambitions, especially
Ballistic missile program of Iran
Ballistic_missile_program_of_Iran
Meeting between the US and Russia on February 18, 2025
The February 2025 United States–Russia meeting in Saudi Arabia (also known as the 2025 Saudi Arabia meeting) was a meeting at the ministerial level between
February 2025 United States–Russia meeting in Saudi Arabia
February_2025_United_States–Russia_meeting_in_Saudi_Arabia
2019 drone attack on Saudi oil processing facilities
processing facilities at Abqaiq and Khurais in eastern Saudi Arabia. The facilities were operated by Saudi Aramco, the country's state-owned oil company. The
Abqaiq–Khurais_attack
Training institute in Saudi Arabia
(TVTC) is a training institute in Saudi Arabia. In existence since 23 June 1980, it has branches in all major Saudi cities. The Technical and Vocational
Technical and Vocational Training Corporation
Technical_and_Vocational_Training_Corporation
During the presidency of Barack Obama, the United States began providing Saudi Arabia with critical support to "sustain" the Saudi Arabian–led intervention
United States support for Saudi Arabian–led operations in Yemen
United_States_support_for_Saudi_Arabian–led_operations_in_Yemen
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the geographically largest country in the Middle East. Moreover, it accounts for 65% of the overall population of the GCC countries
Environment_of_Saudi_Arabia
Saudi diplomat and minister of state for foreign affairs (born 1962)
University of North Texas. In 1987, Al-Jubeir was appointed into the Saudi Diplomatic Service and posted to the Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Washington
Adel_al-Jubeir
Political slogan
2005. Arguments in favor of the slogan include the potential for a regional nuclear arms race, with countries such as Saudi Arabia and Turkey. Others include
Iran can never have a nuclear weapon
Iran_can_never_have_a_nuclear_weapon
compared to the risk of Iran's nuclearization." The Iranian government has repeatedly emphasized that the country's nuclear program is for peaceful purposes
Israel and the nuclear program of Iran
Israel_and_the_nuclear_program_of_Iran
Ongoing armed conflict in West Asia
(2023–present). Amid ongoing US–Iran negotiations regarding Iran's nuclear program, the war began when the US and Israel assassinated Iranian Supreme
2026_Iran_war
one of the five nuclear-weapon states of the Non-Proliferation Treaty, and its biological weapons program proceeded despite its ratification of the Biological
Soviet Union and weapons of mass destruction
Soviet_Union_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Arab states, including Libya and Saudi Arabia, to help finance Pakistan's nuclear weapons program. Khan 2012: "Saudi Arabia provided generous financial support
Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction
Pakistan_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Saudi royal and foreign minister (1940–2015)
was a Saudi Arabian statesman and diplomat who served as the foreign minister of Saudi Arabia from 1975 to 2015. He was a member of the Saudi royal family
Saud_bin_Faisal_Al_Saud
Armed conflict in the Middle East
outskirts of Aden, the seat of power for Hadi's government. Hadi fled the country the same day. Concurrently, a coalition led by Saudi Arabia launched
Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
Yemeni_civil_war_(2014–present)
Saudi royal, diplomat, military officer and government official (born 1949)
born 2 March 1949) is a member of the Saudi royal family, military officer, and retired diplomat who served as Saudi Arabia's ambassador to the United States
Bandar_bin_Sultan_Al_Saud
Saudi royal and diplomat (born 1988)
agreement and intensified inspections of Iran's nuclear program. In May 2023, he was appointed as Saudi Arabia's ambassador to Germany and presented his
Abdullah_bin_Khalid_Al_Saud
the head of the snake", in reference to Iran's nuclear program. The Pakistani Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, Alisherzai had accused Russia of "fully supporting
Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak (Saudi Arabia)
Contents_of_the_United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak_(Saudi_Arabia)
of the United States Air Force (USAF). Responding to the Iranian nuclear program, Turkey has publicly expressed similar ambitions to those of Saudi Arabia
Turkey and weapons of mass destruction
Turkey_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict 2026 Yemen offensives September 2026 Houthi strikes on Saudi Arabia Middle East History of the Middle East Timeline of Middle
Outline_of_the_2026_Iran_war
its nuclear weapons program by the United States. During the final phase of World War II, the Swedish Government saw value in the future of nuclear energy
Swedish nuclear weapons program
Swedish_nuclear_weapons_program
to the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen were mixed. Most other Arab League nations and several Western governments backed the Saudi Arabia-led military
International reactions to the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen (2015–present)
International_reactions_to_the_Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen_(2015–present)
October 2018 at the Saudi consulate in Istanbul and was denounced by the majority of the international community. For 18 days, Saudi Arabia denied Khashoggi
Reactions to the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi
Reactions_to_the_assassination_of_Jamal_Khashoggi
of nuclear weapons is the world's third-largest, estimated at 620 nuclear warheads as of 2026[update]. China was the fifth country to develop nuclear
Nuclear_weapons_of_China
Research project in Nazi Germany
Germany undertook several research programs relating to nuclear technology, including nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors, before and during World War
German nuclear program during World War II
German_nuclear_program_during_World_War_II
2018 US withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal
the Iran nuclear deal, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). The JCPOA is an agreement on Iran's nuclear program reached in
United States withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal
United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Iran_nuclear_deal
Founder of al-Qaeda (1957–2011)
War (1996–2001). Born into the billionaire bin Laden family in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, bin Laden moved to Afghanistan during the Soviet–Afghan War (1979–1989)
Osama_bin_Laden
Korea develop a peaceful nuclear energy program, including the training of nuclear scientists. Later, China, after its nuclear tests, similarly rejected
North Korea and weapons of mass destruction
North_Korea_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
South Korean tactical ballistic missile
from South Korea. Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabian Army – In August 2025, Saudi Arabia signed a contract with Hanwha to purchase hundreds of CTM-290 tactical
Ure_(missile)
Failed attempt by the Empire of Japan to develop nuclear technology
the Empire of Japan had several programs exploring the use of nuclear fission for military technology, including nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. Like
Japanese nuclear weapons programs
Japanese_nuclear_weapons_programs
Country's history from 1932
The modern history of Saudi Arabia begins in 1932, when the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was officially established as a unified state. Abdul-Aziz Ibn Saud
Modern history of Saudi Arabia
Modern_history_of_Saudi_Arabia
2025 war in West Asia
Action (JCPOA), six countries lifted sanctions on Iran, which froze its nuclear program. In 2018, US president Donald Trump unilaterally withdrew from the
Twelve-Day_War
State support for terrorist activities and/or organizations
Vice-Chancellor of Germany, accused Saudi Arabia of supporting intolerance and extremism, saying: "Wahhabi mosques are financed all over the world by Saudi Arabia. In
State-sponsored_terrorism
to Iran a vast nuclear infrastructure, giving it the status of a threshold nuclear state. They argue that rivals such as Saudi Arabia would likely counter
Negotiations leading to the Iran nuclear deal
Negotiations_leading_to_the_Iran_nuclear_deal
American national security analyst (1939–2024)
Middle East Net Assessment Program, acted as co-director of the Strategic Energy Initiative, and directed the project on Saudi Arabia Enters the 21st Century
Anthony_Cordesman
Saudi Arabian physician (1978–2015)
the Dhahran Health Center, a Saudi Aramco affiliate. In 2006, she was selected for the Nuclear Medicine Certification Program in California. Meanwhile, she
Naila_Faran
Overview of the relationship between the United States and the Gulf Cooperation Council
States' close relationship with the six-member states of the GCC, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Despite the U.S.
United States–Gulf Cooperation Council relations
United_States–Gulf_Cooperation_Council_relations
into weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons under the apartheid government. South Africa is one of the ten states
South Africa and weapons of mass destruction
South_Africa_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
1984 Canadian TV series or program
Waldorf (Helen Shaver), discusses a terrorist bombing of the American embassy in Saudi Arabia that killed an American ambassador. The week before, a
Countdown_to_Looking_Glass
2025 American military action
the Iranian nuclear program, part of the U.S. effort to promote the peaceful pursuit of nuclear science through the "Atoms for Peace" program. In 1968,
2025 United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites
2025_United_States_strikes_on_Iranian_nuclear_sites
Hospital in Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia
general hospital in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia. KFSH-D is located in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. Hospital construction began in 1984 and
King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam
King_Fahad_Specialist_Hospital_Dammam
government started studying the possibility of building nuclear weapons, and continued its military nuclear program for 43 years until 1988. However, it ratified
Switzerland and weapons of mass destruction
Switzerland_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
The Italian nuclear weapons program was an effort by Italy to develop nuclear weapons in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Italian scientists such as Enrico
Italian nuclear weapons program
Italian_nuclear_weapons_program
war. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates share the US and Israel's stated objectives of restricting Iran's nuclear, drone and missile programs, though
Rationale for the 2026 Iran war
Rationale_for_the_2026_Iran_war
Spread of nuclear weapons
Nuclear proliferation is the spread of nuclear weapons to additional countries, particularly those not recognized as nuclear-weapon states by the Treaty
Nuclear_proliferation
2001. John P. Miglietta, American Alliance Policy in the Middle East, 1945–1992: Iran, Israel, and Saudi Arabia (Lexington Books, 2002), pp.44–45 v t e
1959_in_Iran
test nuclear weapons. The UK is one of nine nuclear-armed states, and one of five recognized by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Nuclear weapons of the United Kingdom
Nuclear_weapons_of_the_United_Kingdom
Aspect of Japan's military history
an indigenous nuclear weapons program. This includes an advanced civil nuclear program, reprocessing, and stockpile of plutonium. Some 21st century politicians
Japan and weapons of mass destruction
Japan_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
2026 airstrikes in Iraq
On 29 July 2026, Saudi Arabia in coordination with United States Central Command (CENTCOM) conducted a series of joint airstrikes against sites belonging
United States–Saudi strikes on Iraqi militias
United_States–Saudi_strikes_on_Iraqi_militias
Abolish Nuclear Weapons No first use Nuclear disarmament Nuclear latency Nuclear power Nuclear program of Iran Nuclear proliferation Nuclear terrorism
List of states with nuclear weapons
List_of_states_with_nuclear_weapons
establishment of a WMD-free zone covering the six members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United
Middle East nuclear weapon free zone
Middle_East_nuclear_weapon_free_zone
Public university in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
public research university in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Established in 1967 as a private university by a group of businessmen led by Muhammad Bakhashab and
King_Abdulaziz_University
of France's military nuclear program recounts the path that led France to develop a military nuclear program after World War II. The establishment of
History of France's military nuclear program
History_of_France's_military_nuclear_program
Period of escalations in the Middle East
and militarily blockaded Saudi Arabia, sparking the Strait of Bab al-Mandab crisis. The United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Bahrain have
Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)
Middle_Eastern_crisis_(2023–present)
United Nations resolution adopted in 2015
Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) on the nuclear program of Iran. It sets out an inspection process and schedule while also preparing for the removal of United
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231
United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2231
President of the United Arab Emirates since 2022
civil war, and was part of the Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war, until Mohamed disagreed with Saudi Arabia's support of Al-Islah, a Yemeni party
Mohamed_bin_Zayed_Al_Nahyan
officials tried to fast-track nuclear tech transfer to Saudi Arabia". Ars Technica. Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 February 2019. "Nuclear Power in the United Arab
Nuclear power in the United Arab Emirates
Nuclear_power_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates
Saudi-American Al-Qaeda member (1975–2014)
6 December 2014) was a citizen of Guyana and Saudi Arabia and a senior member of Al-Qaeda. He was born in Saudi Arabia and grew up in the United States
Adnan_Gulshair_el_Shukrijumah
was the seventh country to develop nuclear weapons. As of 2026[update], India is estimated to possess 190 nuclear weapons. India previously developed
India and weapons of mass destruction
India_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Contentious geopolitical issue
Views on the nuclear program of Iran vary greatly, as the nuclear program of Iran is a very contentious geopolitical issue. Uriel Abulof identifies five
Views on the nuclear program of Iran
Views_on_the_nuclear_program_of_Iran
modern art in Saudi Arabia. This is supported by the influx of commercial galleries in the country and a growing grass-roots movement of artists which
Contemporary Saudi Arabian female artists
Contemporary_Saudi_Arabian_female_artists
Bilateral relations
reached the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with Iran, under which Iran agreed to limit its nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief.
Iran–United States relations during the Obama administration
Iran–United_States_relations_during_the_Obama_administration
Shia Islamist organization in Yemen
Yemeni president Ali Abdullah Saleh, whom they accused of corruption and being backed by Saudi Arabia and the United States. In 2003, influenced by the Lebanese
Houthis
2023 film by Ric Roman Waugh
Negahban joined the cast in December 2021. Majority of filming commenced on December 2, 2021, in Saudi Arabia. This made the film the first big-budget U.S.
Kandahar_(2023_film)
2018 murder in Istanbul, Turkey
members of the Saudi hit team were closely connected to Mohammed bin Salman, the crown prince of Saudi Arabia, and de facto leader of Saudi Arabia. After
Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi
Assassination_of_Jamal_Khashoggi
The history of France's civil nuclear program traces the evolution that led France to become the world's second largest producer of nuclear-generated electricity
History of France's civil nuclear program
History_of_France's_civil_nuclear_program
Bilateral relations
Non-Aligned Movement and the Organisation of the Islamic Conference. Unlike fellow GCC member states Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, Qatar generally
Iran–Qatar_relations
Type of international nuclear weapons policy
"nuclear umbrella" is a guarantee by a nuclear-weapon state to defend a non-nuclear allied state. The context is usually the security alliances of the
Nuclear_umbrella
1987 arms control understanding among 35 nations including the G7
ballistic missiles and technology to Pakistan. China supplied DF-3A IRBMs to Saudi Arabia in 1988 before it informally agreed to follow MTCR guidelines. Israel
Missile Technology Control Regime
Missile_Technology_Control_Regime
various nuclear weapons and their delivery systems in South Korea between 1958 and 1991. South Korea actively pursued a nuclear weapons program from 1970
South Korea and weapons of mass destruction
South_Korea_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Iranian nuclear scientist (1978–2016)
government in August 2016. In the spring of 2009, he disappeared while apparently on a pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. On 27 September 2009, Tehran Bureau
Shahram_Amiri
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