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Solar power cell with multiple band gaps from different materials
Multi-junction (MJ) solar cells are solar cells with multiple p–n junctions made of different semiconductor materials. Each material's p–n junction will
Multi-junction_solar_cell
Type of second-generation solar cell
of 26.1% efficiency for standard single-junction first-generation solar cells. Multi-junction concentrator cells incorporating thin-film technologies have
Thin-film_solar_cell
Device used to produce electricity from light
common single-junction silicon solar cell can produce a maximum open-circuit voltage of approximately 0.5 to 0.6 volts. Photovoltaic cells may operate under
Solar_cell
Type of solar cell based on quantum dot devices
attractive for multi-junction solar cells, where a variety of materials are used to improve efficiency by harvesting multiple portions of the solar spectrum
Quantum_dot_solar_cell
Alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics
silicon-based tandem cells, to 34.85%, exceeding the maximum efficiency achieved in single-junction silicon solar cells. Perovskite solar cells have therefore
Perovskite_solar_cell
Semiconducting material used in solar cell technology
CIGS Emerging photovoltaics Multi-junction solar cells (MJ) commonly used for solar panels on spacecraft for space-based solar power. They are also used
Crystalline_silicon
Ratio of energy extracted from sunlight in solar cells
This beat the previous record of 47.1%, set in 2019 by multi-junction concentrator solar cells developed at National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Solar-cell_efficiency
Photovoltaic solar panels are the power source for almost all spacecraft ever launched. Modern spacecraft typically use multi-junction solar cell and gallium
Solar_panels_on_spacecraft
(tandem-cell using a-Si/μc-Si) Monocrystalline solar cell (mono-Si) Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Nanocrystal solar cell Organic solar cell (OPV) Perovskite
List_of_types_of_solar_cells
Assembly of photovoltaic cells used to generate electricity
emerging PV technology using multi-junction cells is concentrator photovoltaics. Thin-film solar cells are a type of solar cell made by depositing thin layers
Solar_panel
Solar-cell architecture
carriers) by asymmetry in the solar cell, provided through chemical gradients or electric fields in semiconducting junctions. After splitting, the carriers
Heterojunction_solar_cell
Light dependent resistor
photoresistor (also known as a light-dependent resistor, LDR, or photo-conductive cell) is a passive component that decreases in resistance as a result of increasing
Photoresistor
(CPV), uses high-efficient, multi-junction solar cells in combination with optical lenses and a tracking system. Solar cells can be thought of as visible
Third-generation photovoltaic cell
Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell
Semiconductor light source
and reduce electrical energy consumption and its associated emissions. Solar powered LEDs are used as street lights and in architectural lighting. The
Light-emitting_diode
Concept in quantum mechanics
concentrations. Multi-junction solar cells are created by stacking multiple p-i-n junctions of different bandgaps. The efficiency of the solar cell increases
Quantum_well
Use of mirror or lens assemblies to generate current from multi-junction solar cells
sunlight onto small, highly efficient, multi-junction (MJ) solar cells. In addition, CPV systems often use solar trackers and sometimes a cooling system
Concentrator_photovoltaics
Method to produce electricity from solar radiation
efficiency multi-junction solar cells. renewableenergyfocus.com (28 January 2009). Study Sees Solar Cost-Competitive In Europe By 2015. Solar Cells Info (16
Photovoltaics
Solid-state electrically operated switch also used as an amplifier
standard transistor. Organic electrochemical transistor. Solaristor (from solar cell transistor), a two-terminal gate-less self-powered phototransistor. Germanium–tin
Transistor
Part of the history of energy and technology
2019 - The world record for solar cell efficiency at 47.1% was achieved by using multi-junction concentrator solar cells, developed at National Renewable
Timeline_of_solar_cells
Direct conversion process from heat to electricity via photons
lower temperatures than solar cells, their efficiencies tend to be low. Offsetting this through the use of multi-junction cells based on non-silicon materials
Thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
Thermophotovoltaic_energy_conversion
Small device to convert solar energy to electricity
4000 Ah) capacity. Such type of solar charger setups generally use an intelligent charge controller. A series of solar cells are installed in a stationary
Solar_charger
American company
has a glass driving surface with underlying solar cells, electronics, and sensors to act as a part of solar array with programmable capability. The concept
Solar_Roadways
Pictogram used to represent various electrical and electronic devices or functions
battery symbol too, such as "3V". Battery, single-cell Battery, multi-cell Solar (photovoltaic) cell DC voltage source Controlled DC voltage source Current
Electronic_symbol
Maximum theoretical efficiency of a solar cell
a solar cell using a single p–n junction to collect power from the cell where the only loss mechanism is radiative recombination in the solar cell. It
Shockley–Queisser_limit
Type of thin-film photovoltaic cell
copper indium gallium selenide solar cell (CIGS cell, sometimes CI(G)S or CIS cell) is a type of thin-film solar cell. It is manufactured by depositing
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell
Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell
Power system designed to supply usable electric power from solar energy
percent of worldwide produced solar modules, while its rival thin-film has lost market-share. About 70 percent of all solar cells and modules are produced
Photovoltaic_system
Maximum possible efficiency of electrical power from sunlight
called multi-junction cells, or tandem cells) can be analyzed using and online simulator in nanoHUB. Thermodynamic efficiency limits for different solar cell
Thermodynamic efficiency limit
Thermodynamic_efficiency_limit
Integrated circuit customized for a specific task
Standard-cell design is the utilization of these functional blocks to achieve very high gate density and good electrical performance. Standard-cell design
Application-specific integrated circuit
Application-specific_integrated_circuit
Aircraft powered directly by electricity, with no other engine needed
Pathfinder, Pathfinder Plus, Centurion, and Helios were a series of solar and fuel cell system–powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) developed by AeroVironment
Electric_aircraft
Converts output of a photovoltaic panel into a utility frequency alternating current
determines the maximum power from a solar cell. Fill factor is defined as the ratio of the maximum power from the solar cell to the product of Voc and Isc.
Solar_inverter
Solar cell that can produce electrical energy from each side of the cell
solar cell (BSC) is a photovoltaic solar cell that can produce electrical energy from both front and rear side. In contrast, monofacial solar cells produce
Bifacial_solar_cells
Flashlights powered by solar energy
at night. An experimental solar flashlight the size of a credit card features a white LED powered by 16 solar cells. Solar powered lights need not be
Solar-powered_flashlight
Type of photovoltaic
An organic solar cell (OSC) or plastic solar cell is a type of photovoltaic that uses organic electronics, a branch of electronics that deals with conductive
Organic_solar_cell
Device that orients a payload towards the Sun
A solar tracker is a device that orients a payload toward the Sun. Payloads are usually solar panels, parabolic troughs, Fresnel reflectors, lenses, or
Solar_tracker
Calculators powered by built-in solar cells
Solar-powered calculators are hand-held electronic calculators powered by solar cells mounted on the device. They were introduced at the end of the 1970s
Solar-powered_calculator
Type of photovoltaic system
components Solar panels produce carbon free electricity when irradiated with sunlight. Often made of silicon, solar panels are made of smaller solar cells which
Rooftop_solar_power
Type of bipolar junction transistor
The germanium alloy-junction transistor, or alloy transistor, was an early type of bipolar junction transistor, developed at General Electric and RCA
Alloy-junction_transistor
Nameplate capacity of a photovoltaic devices
power) is the nameplate capacity of photovoltaic (PV) devices, such as solar cells, modules and systems. It is determined by measuring the electric current
Nominal_power_(photovoltaic)
Optical diode invented by Jun-Ichi Nishizawa
structure, or p-i-n junction, of a solar cell. In this case, the advantage of using a PIN structure over conventional semiconductor p–n junction is better long-wavelength
PIN_diode
Conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity
silicon-based tandem cells, to 34.85%, exceeding the maximum efficiency achieved in single-junction silicon solar cells. Perovskite solar cells have therefore
Solar_power
Type of solar cell
plasmonic-enhanced solar cell, commonly referred to simply as plasmonic solar cell, is a type of solar cell (including thin-film or wafer-based cells) that converts
Plasmonic_solar_cell
Array of logic gates that are reprogrammable
allowed users to shine an ultraviolet lamp on the die to erase the EPROM cells that held the device configuration. Xilinx (now owned by AMD) produced the
Field-programmable_gate_array
Part of computer memory
The memory cell is the fundamental building block of computer memory. The memory cell is a device, such as an electronic circuit, that stores one bit of
Memory_cell_(computing)
Central computer component that executes instructions
on a single IC chip. Microprocessor chips with multiple CPUs are called multi-core processors (MCPs). The individual physical CPUs, called processor cores
Central_processing_unit
Magnetic effect in insulators between ferromagnets
magnetoresistance (TMR) is a magnetoresistive effect that occurs in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), which is a component consisting of two ferromagnets separated by
Tunnel_magnetoresistance
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
Adding mobile ions to an OLED creates a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) which has a slightly different mode of operation. An OLED display can
OLED
Type of transistor
of the CUJT. The programmable unijunction transistor, or PUT, is a multi-junction device that, with two external resistors, displays similar characteristics
Unijunction_transistor
Vacuum tube used to display images
(3): 409–418. doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(02)00435-1. "MultiSync 25th Anniversary - The Evolution of the MultiSync | NEC Display Solutions". www.nec-display.com
Cathode_ray_tube
Type of resistive heater
(APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Hybrid solar cell Schottky junction solar cell Plasmonic solar cell Heterojunction solar cell (HJT) Schottky
Self-regulating_heater
Type of transistor
alloy-junction and grown junction processes for making bipolar junction transistors (BJTs). Bell Labs developed the first prototype diffused junction bipolar
Diffused_junction_transistor
Type of field-effect transistor
steady-state or low-frequency conditions, especially compared to bipolar junction transistors (BJTs). However, at high frequencies or when switching rapidly
MOSFET
Type of field-effect transistor
The junction field-effect transistor (JFET) is one of the simplest types of field-effect transistor. JFETs are three-terminal semiconductor devices that
JFET
According to EnergyTrend, the 2011 global top ten polysilicon, solar cell and solar module manufacturers by capacity were found in countries including
List of photovoltaics companies
List_of_photovoltaics_companies
Lamp powered by one or more solar panels
technologies have used thin-film solar cells. Since modern solar cells were introduced in 1954 at Bell labs, advances in solar cell efficiency at converting light
Solar_lamp
Watch that is powered entirely or partly by a solar cell
A solar-powered watch or light-powered watch is a watch that is powered, entirely or partially, by solar power using solar cell technology. The first
Solar-powered_watch
Emission of electrons when electromagnetic radiation hits a material
paper. (Retrieved: 2014 Apr 11) http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ru-Sp/Solar-Cells.html Photo-electric transducers: http://sensorse.com/page4en.html Applets
Photoelectric_effect
Electronic circuit formed on a small, flat piece of semiconductor material
gallium arsenide are used for specialized applications like LEDs, lasers, solar cells and the highest-speed integrated circuits. It took decades to perfect
Integrated_circuit
Type of watercraft
electric boats has been increasing steadily, especially as more efficient solar cells have become available, for the first time making possible motorboats
Electric_boat
Small photovoltaic system connected directly to a building's electrical circuit
A balcony solar power system (also called a plug-in solar panel, mini solar system, or balcony power station) is a small photovoltaic system designed
Balcony_solar_power
Two-terminal electronic component
kind of diode most sensitive to light). A photodiode can be used in solar cells, in photometry, or in optical communications. Multiple photodiodes may
Diode
Connector used to connect to mains power
import of electrical appliances and for the convenience of travellers. Some multi-standard sockets allow use of several types of plug. Incompatible sockets
AC_power_plugs_and_sockets
Mounting systems for solar panels
building integrated, shading, vertical mounted and fencing systems. A solar cell performs the best (most energy per unit time) when its surface is perpendicular
Photovoltaic_mounting_system
Magnetic core on which the windings of electric transformers and inductors are formed
(APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Hybrid solar cell Schottky junction solar cell Plasmonic solar cell Heterojunction solar cell (HJT) Schottky
Ferrite_core
Type of solar panel
silicon solar cells per panel reaching as much as 100 watts DC rating per shingle. Solar shingles are manufactured by several companies. Solar shingles
Solar_shingle
Type of field-effect transistor
device similar to a JFET with a Schottky (metal–semiconductor) junction instead of a p–n junction for a gate. MESFETs are constructed in compound semiconductor
MESFET
Extremely sensitive solid-state photodetector
(APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Hybrid solar cell Schottky junction solar cell Plasmonic solar cell Heterojunction solar cell (HJT) Schottky
Silicon_photomultiplier
Electronic component
(APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Hybrid solar cell Schottky junction solar cell Plasmonic solar cell Heterojunction solar cell (HJT) Schottky
Resettable_fuse
Four-layer solid-state current-controlling device
keeping the gate at zero (0) potential i.e. disconnected. In this case junction J1 and J3 are forward-biased, while J2 is reverse-biased, allowing only
Silicon_controlled_rectifier
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device
is connected to the I/O pad under protection. A parasitic NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is thus formed with the drain (n-type) acting as the collector
GgNMOS
sources, but it is looking to expand the role of solar power in its energy mix. The average global solar radiation in Nepal varies from 3.6 to 6.2 kWh/m2/day
Solar_power_in_Nepal
Type of thin-film solar cell
dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC, DSC, DYSC or Grätzel cell) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells. It is based on
Dye-sensitized_solar_cell
Transistor using different semiconductor materials
A heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) is a type of bipolar junction transistor (BJT) that uses different semiconductor materials for the emitter and
Heterojunction bipolar transistor
Heterojunction_bipolar_transistor
Transistor that uses both electrons and holes as charge carriers
A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a type of transistor that uses both electrons and electron holes as charge carriers. In contrast, a unipolar transistor
Bipolar_junction_transistor
Photovoltaic materials used to replace conventional building materials
two technologies: Crystalline Solar Cells (c-SI) or Thin-Film Solar Cells. C-SI technologies comprise wafers of single-cell crystalline silicon which generally
Building-integrated photovoltaics
Building-integrated_photovoltaics
as an improvement over the point-contact transistor and the later alloy-junction transistor. It offered much higher speed than earlier transistors. It became
Spacistor
Diode that works using quantum tunneling
still made in low volume today. Tunnel diodes have a heavily doped PN junction that is about 10 nm (100 Å) wide. The heavy doping results in a broken
Tunnel_diode
Device that controls current between electrodes
pulse effect of nuclear explosions, or geomagnetic storms produced by giant solar flares. This property kept them in use for certain military applications
Vacuum_tube
Worldwide growth of photovoltaics
Practical Silicon Solar Cell". aps.org. D. M. Chapin-C. S. Fuller-G. L. Pearson (1954). "A New Silicon p–n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into
Growth_of_photovoltaics
High purity form of silicon
Korea companies account for the remainder. Polycrystalline solar cells, often called multi-crystalline panels, are highly cost-effective, budget-friendly
Polycrystalline_silicon
reduce recombination losses, leading to better performance in multi-junction solar cell architectures. Additionally, studies demonstrate that reducing
Tin-based perovskite solar cell
Tin-based_perovskite_solar_cell
Electronic component
battery of cannon), subsequently applied to clusters of electrochemical cells. In 1747, Leyden jars were made by coating the inside and outside of jars
Capacitor
Solar energy technology
convert solar radiation into usable thermal and electrical energy. PVT collectors combine photovoltaic solar cells (often arranged in solar panels),
Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector
Photovoltaic_thermal_hybrid_solar_collector
Electronic component
(APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Hybrid solar cell Schottky junction solar cell Plasmonic solar cell Heterojunction solar cell (HJT) Schottky
Transient-voltage-suppression diode
Transient-voltage-suppression_diode
Miniature adjustable component
Trimmers come in a variety of sizes and levels of precision. For example, multi-turn trim potentiometers exist, in which it takes several turns of the adjustment
Trimmer_(electronics)
Electric vehicle powered by solar energy
A solar electric vehicle is an electric vehicle powered completely or significantly by direct solar energy. Usually, photovoltaic (PV) cells contained
Solar_vehicle
Converts light into current
measurement applications, or for the generation of electrical power in solar cells. Photodiodes are used in a wide range of applications throughout the
Photodiode
Semiconductor chemical compound used in solar cells
sulfide to form a p–n junction solar PV cell. CdTe is used to make thin film solar cells, accounting for about 8% of all solar cells installed in 2011. They
Cadmium_telluride
Research in the field of photovoltaics
December 2014, the world record for solar cell efficiency at 46% was achieved by using multi-junction concentrator solar cells, developed from collaboration
Solar_cell_research
High frequency semiconductor
(APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Hybrid solar cell Schottky junction solar cell Plasmonic solar cell Heterojunction solar cell (HJT) Schottky
BARITT_diode
Science museum in Gifu, Japan
having their own cascade. The entrance to the Solar Ark has solar wings which are composed of HIT solar cells that generate electricity on the topside and
Solar_Ark
Semiconductor diode producing short impulses
snap-off diode or charge-storage diode or memory varactor) is a semiconductor junction diode with the ability to generate extremely short pulses. It has a variety
Step_recovery_diode
(APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Hybrid solar cell Schottky junction solar cell Plasmonic solar cell Heterojunction solar cell (HJT) Schottky
EEG_DIN_connector
Type of semiconductor
optoelectronic devices such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLED), organic solar cells, organic field-effect transistors (OFET), electrochemical transistors
Organic_semiconductor
solar cell research is a research-level technology, an example of which was created at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in which solar cells
Flexible_solar_cell_research
transistor or graded base transistor, is a type of high-speed bipolar junction transistor having a doping-engineered electric field in the base to reduce
Drift-field_transistor
DC-to-DC power converter with an output voltage greater than its input voltage
boost converter can come from any suitable DC source, such as batteries, solar panels, rectifiers, and DC generators. A process that changes one DC voltage
Boost_converter
Proportional counter that detects charged particles and photons
A wire chamber or multi-wire proportional chamber is a type of proportional counter that detects charged particles and photons and can give positional
Wire_chamber
as largest: Topaz Solar Farm, a PV solar plant at 550 MWAC in central coast area and a second 550-MW plant, the Desert Sunlight Solar Farm located in the
List of photovoltaic power stations
List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations
Theoretical transistor
(APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell (MJ) Hybrid solar cell Schottky junction solar cell Plasmonic solar cell Heterojunction solar cell (HJT) Schottky
Nanoscale vacuum-channel transistor
Nanoscale_vacuum-channel_transistor
Semiconductor device
between the gate and cathode terminals. As the gate-cathode behaves like PN junction, there will be some relatively small voltage between the terminals. The
Gate_turn-off_thyristor
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Farsi, Iranian, Kurdish, Muslim, Parsi, Pashtun
Leader
Boy/Male
Tamil
Mukti, Emancipation, Liberation
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Garden
Boy/Male
Hindu
Mukti, Emancipation, Liberation
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Leader
Boy/Male
Muslim
Leader
Boy/Male
Buddhist, Indian, Japanese
Mysterious Function
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Sun or Solar
Boy/Male
Hindu
With multi-colored body
Boy/Male
Sikh
Adornment
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Multi Talented
Boy/Male
Tamil
Chirtrang | சிரà¯à®¤à¯à®°à®‚க
With multi-colored body
Chirtrang | சிரà¯à®¤à¯à®°à®‚க
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Multi Talented Person; With Good Taste
Boy/Male
Celtic, French, Gujarati, Indian
Name of Flower
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Jain, Marathi
With Multi-coloured Body
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Place Name in Karnataka Bhopal
Boy/Male
Indian
King of Solar System
Girl/Female
Arabic, British, English, Portuguese, Russian
Beautiful Butterfly
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Area Covered with One Type of Tree; Flowers; Maancholai means Mango Plantations; Pooncholai means Flower Garden
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Solar
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
Surname or Lastname
English (Lancashire)
English (Lancashire) : patronymic from Hodkin, a pet form of Hugh, or Hodgkin, a pet form of Hodge.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Strength
Female
Chinese
beautiful orchid.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places in England so named, especially the one in Northumberland, which, like that in Cheshire, is derived from Old English geryd ‘channel’ + lēah ‘wood’, ‘clearing’. Those in Essex and Kent appear in Domesday Book as Retleia and Redlege respectively, and get their names from Old English hrēod ‘reed’ + lēah.Possibly also an altered spelling of German Riedel or Riedler (see Ridler).
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Of the Family of the God of Heaven; Successful and Charming Person
Girl/Female
Australian, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Shooting Star
Girl/Female
Indian
Focused, Once who knows direction
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Beautiful Eyes
Girl/Female
Muslim
Presents, Gifts
Boy/Male
Hindu
Son of the right hand
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
MULTI JUNCTION-SOLAR-CELL
n.
The act of joining, or the state of being joined; union; combination; coalition; as, the junction of two armies or detachments; the junction of paths.
v. t.
To sell by auction.
a.
Pertaining to, reckoned from, or having a common radiating point; as, polar coordinates.
n.
See Solar, n.
a.
Having power to grind; grinding; as, the molar teeth; also, of or pertaining to the molar teeth.
n.
The place or point of union, meeting, or junction; specifically, the place where two or more lines of railway meet or cross.
pl.
of Mufti
a.
Measured by the progress or revolution of the sun in the ecliptic; as, the solar year.
a.
Solar.
n.
The things sold by auction or put up to auction.
v. t.
The act of uniting, or the state of being united; junction.
n.
The appropriate action of any special organ or part of an animal or vegetable organism; as, the function of the heart or the limbs; the function of leaves, sap, roots, etc.; life is the sum of the functions of the various organs and parts of the body.
a.
Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from the sun; as, the solar system; solar light; solar rays; solar influence. See Solar system, below.
v. t.
To give sanction to; to ratify; to confirm; to approve.
v. t.
To cover, or provide with, a sollar.
a.
Of or pertaining to one of the poles of the earth, or of a sphere; situated near, or proceeding from, one of the poles; as, polar regions; polar seas; polar winds.
n.
A quantity so connected with another quantity, that if any alteration be made in the latter there will be a consequent alteration in the former. Each quantity is said to be a function of the other. Thus, the circumference of a circle is a function of the diameter. If x be a symbol to which different numerical values can be assigned, such expressions as x2, 3x, Log. x, and Sin. x, are all functions of x.
n.
The right line drawn through the two points of contact of the two tangents drawn from a given point to a given conic section. The given point is called the pole of the line. If the given point lies within the curve so that the two tangents become imaginary, there is still a real polar line which does not meet the curve, but which possesses other properties of the polar. Thus the focus and directrix are pole and polar. There are also poles and polar curves to curves of higher degree than the second, and poles and polar planes to surfaces of the second degree.