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Design language developed by Apple
Liquid Glass is a design language developed by Apple as a unified visual theme for the graphical user interfaces for its suite of operating systems. It
Liquid_Glass
Boundary between volumes of matter of different types or states
liquids. For a liquid film on flat surfaces, the liquid-vapor interface keeps flat to minimize interfacial area and system free energy. For a liquid film
Interface_(matter)
Liquid Interface is a symphony in four movements for electronica and orchestra by the American composer Mason Bates. The work was commissioned by the National
Liquid_Interface
Air–liquid interface cell culture (ALI) is a method of cell culture by which basal stem cells are grown with their basal surfaces in contact with media
Air–liquid interface cell culture
Air–liquid_interface_cell_culture
Analytical chemistry technique
applications. In addition to the liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry devices, an LC–MS system contains an interface that efficiently transfers the
Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Liquid_chromatography–mass_spectrometry
3D printing technique
Continuous Liquid Interface Production (CLIP; originally Continuous Liquid Interphase Printing) is a proprietary method of 3D printing that uses photo
Continuous Liquid Interface Production
Continuous_Liquid_Interface_Production
Technique of scanning probe microscopy
to measure the local electrochemical behavior of liquid/solid, liquid/gas and liquid/liquid interfaces. Initial characterization of the technique was credited
Scanning electrochemical microscopy
Scanning_electrochemical_microscopy
Lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid
results in cooling a liquid below the freezing point ahead of the solid–liquid interface. When solidifying a liquid, the interface is often unstable, and
Supercooling
Angle between a liquid–vapor interface and a solid surface
a liquid surface and a solid surface where they meet. More specifically, it is the angle between the surface tangent on the liquid–vapor interface and
Contact_angle
Excess energy at the surface of a material relative to its interior
the angle connecting the solid–liquid interface and the liquid–gas interface (as in the figure). If θ = 0°, the liquid completely wets the substrate.
Surface_energy
Crystal that develops with a typical multi-branching form
the excess energy at the liquid-solid interface to accommodate the structural changes at the interface. For a spherical interface, the Gibbs–Thomson equation
Dendrite_(crystal)
User interface design language used in Apple's operating systems
textures into a visually appealing interface" in macOS applications. At its introduction, Steve Jobs noted that "... it's liquid, one of the design goals was
Aqua_(user_interface)
Tendency of a liquid surface to shrink to reduce surface area
pressure and forces liquid surfaces to contract to the minimum area. There is also a tension parallel to the surface at the liquid-air interface which will resist
Surface_tension
Study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases
occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid–gas interfaces. It includes
Surface_science
Device used to measure surface tension
interfacial tension at an air–liquid or liquid–liquid interface. In this method, the plate is oriented perpendicular to the interface, and the force exerted
Wilhelmy_plate
Non-stick droplets
at the liquid-liquid interface, —the interfacial liquid marbles. Similar to liquid marbles at the solid-air interface, the interfacial liquid marbles
Liquid_marbles
window below a liquid resin bath. Above a permeable window, there is an oxygen inhibition “dead-zone” maintained by a liquid interface. Above the dead
Microscale_metamaterials
Mechanism to grow nano wires
crystal growth can subsequently occur from nucleated seeds at the liquid–solid interface. The physical characteristics of nanowires grown in this manner
Vapor–liquid–solid_method
Type of nanoparticle or microparticle
the interface of two immiscible phases. These methods typically involve the liquid–liquid and liquid–solid interfaces, but a gas–liquid interface method
Janus_particles
Symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast
cellulose-based biofilm or microbial mat found floating at the container's air–liquid interface. This bacterial cellulose mat is sometimes called a pellicle. SCOBY
SCOBY
Type of polymerization occurring at the interface of two immiscible phases
of interfaces: liquid-solid interfaces, liquid-liquid interfaces, and liquid-in-liquid emulsion interfaces. In the liquid-liquid and liquid-in-liquid emulsion
Interfacial_polymerization
Phenomenon in physics
_{sl}}{H_{f}\rho _{s}d}}} where: TmB = bulk melting temperature σsl = solid–liquid interface energy (per unit area) Hf = bulk enthalpy of fusion (per gram of material)
Gibbs–Thomson_equation
Method using bubbling a gas through liquid
gas-liquid interface, which encourages some of the dissolved gas(es) to diffuse into the sparging gas before the sparging gas escapes from the liquid. Many
Sparging_(chemistry)
Curve in a liquid's surface due to adhesion to the container walls
representing the interface between two different fluids Du Noüy ring method – Method of measuring a liquid's surface tension Rollin film – Liquid film of superfluid
Meniscus_(liquid)
Method to separate compounds or metal complexes
extraction. All of these techniques aim create a high surface area interface between the two liquid phases involved in extraction to aid the transfer of solutes
Liquid–liquid_extraction
Molecular interface between a surface and a fluid
conductor is brought in contact with a solid or liquid ionic conductor (electrolyte), a common boundary (interface) among the two phases appears. Hermann von
Double layer (surface science)
Double_layer_(surface_science)
Chemical equipment
typology of gas–liquid contactor more suitable for a particular application are: liquid hold-up surface area of the gas–liquid interface. In particular
Gas–liquid_contactor
Tree-like structure of crystals
anisotropy in the surface energy of the solid–liquid interface, or to the ease of attachment of atoms to the interface on different crystallographic planes, or
Dendrite_(metal)
A graphical user interface, or GUI, is a form of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual
Graphical_user_interface
Variant of a liquid-crystal display
A thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD) is a type of liquid-crystal display that uses thin-film transistor technology to improve image
TFT_LCD
Ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface
liquid substance occurs when adhesive forces allow the liquid (as a droplet) to spread across the surface of the solid at the solid-liquid interface.
Wetting
In mass spectrometry, liquid junction interface is an ion source or set-up that couples peripheric devices, such as capillary electrophoresis, to mass
Liquid_junction_interface
American manufacturer of 3D printers
that manufactures and develops 3D printers utilizing the Continuous Liquid Interface Production process. The company was founded in 2013, and maintains
Carbon_(company)
Methods used for additive 3D manufacturing
materials. Continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) uses an oxygen-permeable window below the resin pool to create a persistent liquid "dead zone." This
3D_printing_processes
Measure of degree to which a surface active agents is hydrophilic or lipophilic
Physical chemistry of the emulsifying agent" (PDF), Gas/Liquid and Liquid/Liquid Interface, Proceedings of the International Congress of Surface Activity
Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
Hydrophilic-lipophilic_balance
Retraction of a fluid from a surface it was forced to cover
is one of the processes that can occur at a solid–liquid, solid–solid, or liquid–liquid interface. Generally, dewetting describes the process of retraction
Dewetting
Study of flow of matter at interfaces
studies the flow of matter at the interface between a gas and a liquid or at the interface between two immiscible liquids. The measurement is done while
Interfacial_rheology
Process in which disordered components form an organized structure or pattern
capillary interactions for particles trapped at interfaces, elastic interactions for particles suspended in liquid crystals have also been reported. Regardless
Self-assembly
Physical phenomenon
liquid interfaces is essential for integrating them into electronics, optics, sensing, and catalysis devices. Molecular arrangements at liquid/liquid
Self-assembly of nanoparticles
Self-assembly_of_nanoparticles
Model of intermolecular interactions
study of the vapour–liquid coexistence of the truncated and shifted Lennard–Jones fluid including planar and spherical interface properties". Molecular
Lennard-Jones_potential
Substance that lowers surface tension
the surface tension or interfacial tension between two liquids, a liquid and a gas, or a liquid and a solid. The word surfactant is a blend of "surface-active
Surfactant
Form of matter
hydrostatic pressure in the liquid is designated by p 0 {\displaystyle p_{0}} . The change in pressure across the interface from gas to liquid is equal to the capillary
Foam
Ordinary differential equation
of the surrounding liquid, assumed to be constant σ {\displaystyle \sigma } is the surface tension of the bubble-liquid interface Δ P ( t ) = P ∞ ( t
Rayleigh–Plesset_equation
Creation of visible patterns on a vibrated plate
cymatics. Inspired by periodic and symmetrical patterns at the air-liquid interface created by sound vibration, P. Chen and coworkers developed a method
Cymatics
Resin that cures when exposed to light of appropriate wavelengths
and better mechanical properties from the epoxy matrix. Continuous Liquid Interface Production (CLIP) accessed printing speeds of 500mm/hour and achieved
Photopolymer
Current from a sliding pn junction
metal-insulator-semiconductor interface, metal-insulator-metal interface, and liquid-semiconductor interface. The tribovoltaic effect may find applications in the
Tribovoltaic_effect
Analytical chemistry technique
(CITP)/capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) -MS interface, where conductive liquid was used. Conductive liquid contacts with the metal-coated outer surface
Capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry
Capillary_electrophoresis–mass_spectrometry
Microscope observing a thin depth of a cell
at its interface with a liquid medium, an electromagnetic field, also known as an evanescent wave, is generated at the solid-liquid interface with the
Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope
Total_internal_reflection_fluorescence_microscope
Combination of liquid hydrogen and solid hydrogen
temperature of the liquid hydrogen. Solid hydrogen is formed on the surface of the boiling liquid (between the gas/liquid interface) as the liquid is cooled and
Slush_hydrogen
Device that vaporizes a liquid nicotine solution for inhalation
cytoskeletal function in EpiAirway microtissues exposed at the air liquid interface". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 16906. Bibcode:2023NatSR..1316906W. doi:10
Electronic_cigarette
Equation relating the concentration of a component and surface tension
molecules of liquid phase at an interface occurs when this liquid phase is in contact with other immiscible phases that may be gas, liquid, or solid Surface
Gibbs_isotherm
2025 mobile operating system
introduces the Liquid Glass design language that is shared across all other Apple platforms, marking the first major redesign of the user interface since iOS
IOS_26
Phenomenon in nanoscale materials
_{s}d}}\right)} Where: TMB = bulk melting temperature σsl = solid–liquid interface energy Hf = Bulk heat of fusion ρs = density of solid d = particle
Melting-point_depression
Topics referred to by the same term
a measure of the reliability of supply chain delivery Continuous Liquid Interface Production, a form of additive manufacturing that uses photo polymerization
Clip
Method of bulk crystal growth used to obtain single crystals
the crystal, and serves primarily to shape the meniscus of the solid-liquid interface via surface tension. The growth rate is controlled by slowly decreasing
Kyropoulos_method
Substance composed of macromolecules with repeating structural units
; Minko, S. (2005). "AFM Single Molecule Experiments at the Solid-Liquid Interface: In Situ Conformation of Adsorbed Flexible Polyelectrolyte Chains"
Polymer
Resistance to thermal flow between two materials
of thermal interface resistance, corresponding to a discontinuous temperature across an interface was first proposed from studies of liquid helium in 1936
Interfacial thermal resistance
Interfacial_thermal_resistance
that arises among small colloidal particles attached to an interface between immiscible liquids. The particles are held there by surface tension. Normally
Electrodipping_force
Variety of glass in which lead replaces the calcium content
exponentially as a function of increasing distance from the crystal-liquid interface." It has been proposed that the historic association of gout with the
Lead_glass
Transfer of ions from one liquid phase to another
where the liquid-liquid interface is the working electrode. This can be done by placing secondary electrodes in each phase and close to interface each phase
Ionic_transfer
Physical law in fluid mechanics
gained in forming a unit area of the solid–liquid interface to that required to form a liquid–air interface. However Young's equation only works for ideal
Cassie's_law
Foodstuff whipped with air
properties refers to its capacity to form a thin tenacious film at the gas-liquid interface for large amounts of gas bubbles to become incorporated and stabilized
Foam_(cooking)
Operating system for Apple computers
operating systems. macOS Tahoe also introduced a new user interface design, called Liquid Glass, which was also used on all of Apple's other platforms
MacOS
Separation of electric charge in a molecule
interfacial tension between oil and water by adsorbing at the liquid–liquid interface. This amphiphilic molecule has several polar groups (hydrophilic
Chemical_polarity
material Interphase matter transfer at the vapour–liquid interface Curvature of the vapour–liquid interface Cengel, Y. A., Heat Transfer – A Practical Approach
Dropwise_condensation
Mixture of two or more immiscible liquids
emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (unmixable or unblendable) owing to liquid-liquid phase separation. Emulsions are
Emulsion
Angle of incidence for which all reflected light will be polarized
air-liquid interfaces. Using illumination by a laser at Brewster's angle to the interface and observation at the angle of reflection, the uniform liquid does
Brewster's_angle
American composer (born 1977)
to Rusty Air in Carolina. He gained national attention in 2007 with Liquid Interface, a water symphony commissioned by the National Symphony Orchestra under
Mason_Bates
Amount of material printed per unit of time
Rapid, large-volume, thermally controlled 3D printing, using a mobile liquid interface Another way to address the adhesion problem is to create a dead layer
3D_printing_speed
Type of partial differential equation
of ice, this domain will be occupied by liquid water instead. The boundary formed from the ice/liquid interface is controlled dynamically by the solution
Free_boundary_problem
Type of electron microscope
liquid carbon dioxide by critical point drying. The carbon dioxide is finally removed while in a supercritical state, so that no gas–liquid interface
Scanning_electron_microscope
Laboratory equipment
case of liquid-liquid experiments where the compression is performed at the interface of a polar liquid such as water and a dispersive liquid such as
Langmuir–Blodgett_trough
Analytical technique that probes molecular layers adsorbed to the surface of a waveguide
Measuring (Bio)Molecular Orientation, Structure and Function at the Solid/Liquid Interface". In Marks, R.S.; Lowe, C.R.; Cullen, D.C.; Weetall, H.H.; Karube,
Dual-polarization interferometry
Dual-polarization_interferometry
Organ-on-a-chip device
culturing primary diseased small airway epithelial cells at the air-liquid interface (ALI). Despite its simplicity, this system successfully replicated
Lung-on-a-chip
Type of emulsion
side, due to the higher adsorption energy of the particles at the liquid-liquid interface. This is evident when observing emulsion stabilization using polyelectrolytes
Pickering_emulsion
Change of surface energy with strain
surface free energy of liquid–gas or liquid–liquid interface are the same, they are very different in solid–gas or solid–solid interface. Both terms represent
Surface_stress
Overview of and topical guide to chemistry
occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid-gas interfaces. Thermochemistry
Outline_of_chemistry
Alloy that is liquid at room temperature
(2018-06-20). "Analysis and Transformations of Room-Temperature Liquid Metal Interfaces – A Closer Look through Interfacial Tension". ChemPhysChem. 19
Galinstan
Automotive parts company
agreement with Carbon in June 2016 to allow the use of Carbon's Continuous Liquid Interface Production technology and printers. Delphi acquired NuTonomy for $450 million
Aptiv
French physicist (born 1947)
at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique and leads the liquid interface group in the Laboratory of Solid State Physics at the University of
Dominique_Langevin
Phase transition of liquid to solid
Freezing is a phase transition in which a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point. For most substances, the
Freezing
Physical separation process
favorable for the component, A, in the liquid phase to transfer to the vapor phase. This involves a gas–liquid interface that A must cross. The total amount
Stripping_(chemistry)
Pressure between two fluids from forces between the fluids and tube walls
{\displaystyle r} is the effective radius of the interface θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the wetting angle of the liquid on the surface of the capillary The force
Capillary_pressure
Type of boiling
where liquid is used as a coolant. The effects of nucleate boiling take place at two locations: the liquid-wall interface the bubble-liquid interface The
Nucleate_boiling
Surface with constant mean curvature
Application to the gas–liquid interface of a pressurized fluid on a superhydrophobic surface. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. Volume 314, Issue
Constant-mean-curvature surface
Constant-mean-curvature_surface
American chemist, inventor and entrepreneur
their invention of a rapid polymer 3D printing technology, Continuous Liquid Interface Production (CLIP).[citation needed] The company, Carbon, which DeSimone
Joseph_DeSimone
Hierarchical outline list of articles related to the physical sciences
occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid–gas interfaces. History
Outline_of_physical_science
Heat-transfer device that employs phase transition
transition to transfer heat between two solid interfaces. At the hot interface of a heat pipe, a volatile liquid in contact with a thermally conductive solid
Heat_pipe
Synchronous serial communication interface
buses. Typical applications include interfacing microcontrollers with peripheral chips for Secure Digital cards, liquid crystal displays, analog-to-digital
Serial_Peripheral_Interface
Equation describing vapor pressure
equation describes the change in vapour pressure due to a curved liquid–vapor interface, such as the surface of a droplet. The vapor pressure at a convex
Kelvin_equation
Physical phenomenon between two fluids
(also called the Gibbs–Marangoni effect) is the mass transfer along an interface between two phases due to a gradient of the surface tension. In the case
Marangoni_effect
Result of a liquid droplet striking a solid or liquid surface
for dry solid surfaces. Under proper conditions, droplet hitting a liquid interface can also display a superhydrophobic-like bouncing, characterized by
Drop_impact
Condensed matter physics
confined liquid is a liquid that is subject to geometric constraints on a nanoscopic scale so that most molecules are close enough to an interface to sense
Confined_liquid
Messaging application for Mac OS X
application was used on a television series. iChat incorporated Apple's Aqua interface and used speech bubbles and pictures to personify the online chatting
IChat
Type of microscope with electrons as a source of illumination
2003). "Dynamic microscopy of nanoscale cluster growth at the solid-liquid interface". Nature Materials. 2 (8): 532–536. Bibcode:2003NatMa...2..532W. doi:10
Electron_microscope
case of a p-type semiconductor/liquid junction photo generated electrons are available at the semiconductor/liquid interface under illumination. The reduction
Photoelectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide
Photoelectrochemical_reduction_of_carbon_dioxide
Sensor to detect the level of substances that flow
are used for point level sensing of sediments, liquids with suspended solids, and liquid-liquid interfaces. These sensors sense the decrease or change in
Level_sensor
American physical chemist (1947–2016)
that solute motion relative to the interface plays a role, opening up a relaxation channel that is absent in bulk liquids. Invited Professorship, École Normale
Branka_Ladanyi
American developmental biologist
improved reproducibility, long-term culture using a specialized air-liquid interface to enable functional maturation, the development of new ways of imaging
Madeline_Lancaster
counter-current begins as liquid water is inserted into the system. Then if conditions are correct, the frictional force at the gas-liquid interface begins to reverse
Flooding (nuclear reactor core)
Flooding_(nuclear_reactor_core)
LIQUID INTERFACE
LIQUID INTERFACE
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sindhi
One who Promises; One who Seeks the Right Direction
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Oriya, Sanskrit, Sikh, Tamil, Telugu
Constant Flow; The Earth; Constant Flow of Liquid
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Liquid; Honeybee
Female
Chinese
beautiful harp, lute or zither.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Flowing; Liquid; Property; Wealthy
Boy/Male
Indian
Wealth; Liquid
Female
Chinese
beautiful autumn.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Liquid
Boy/Male
British, English, Indian, Telugu
Sweet; Sweet Liquid
Girl/Female
Arabic, Hebrew, Kurdish
Spirituous Liquor
Boy/Male
Finnish, Hindu, Indian
Liquid; Dignity
Boy/Male
Hindu
Liquid
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Liquid
Girl/Female
Indian
Liquid
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Drinking Liquor
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Type of Liquid
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
A Holy Liquid
Female
Danish
, divine liquor.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Liquor
Boy/Male
Indian
Liquor
LIQUID INTERFACE
LIQUID INTERFACE
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
World Famous
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Telugu
A Sanskrit Grammarian
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the informal England adjective Brummagem ‘of or relating to Birmingham’, hence a habitational name for someone from the city of Birmingham in the West Midlands.
Girl/Female
Teutonic
Good humor.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Goddess Parvati
Girl/Female
Muslim
Bright
Girl/Female
American, British, Christian, English, French, Latin
Golden; Variant Aurelia
Female
French
Variant spelling of French Anastasie, ANASTAISE means "resurrection."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Happiness; Joy
Surname or Lastname
North German
North German : patronymic from a Low German pet form of Wilhelm.English : variant spelling of Wilkin.
LIQUID INTERFACE
LIQUID INTERFACE
LIQUID INTERFACE
LIQUID INTERFACE
LIQUID INTERFACE
a.
Flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid.
n.
A liquid dentifrice.
v. t.
To render liquid.
a.
Fluid and transparent; as, the liquid air.
v. t.
To make liquid.
v. i.
To become liquid.
n.
Any liquid substance, as water, milk, blood, sap, juice, or the like.
a.
Pronounced without any jar or harshness; smooth; as, l and r are liquid letters.
a.
Flowing or sounding smoothly or without abrupt transitions or harsh tones.
v. t.
To spill liquid upon; to soil with a liquid spilled.
v. t.
To supply with liquor.
n.
A letter which has a smooth, flowing sound, or which flows smoothly after a mute; as, l and r, in bla, bra. M and n also are called liquids.
a.
Being in such a state that the component parts move freely among themselves, but do not tend to separate from each other as the particles of gases and vapors do; neither solid nor aeriform; as, liquid mercury, in distinction from mercury solidified or in a state of vapor.
a.
Characterized by clearness or transparency; clear; as, a limpid stream.
n.
A fishhook with a piece of bright lead, bone, or other substance, fastened on its shank to imitate a squid.
a.
Clear; definite in terms or amount.
a.
Half liquid; semifluid.
adv.
In a liquid manner; flowingly.
n.
A substance whose parts change their relative position on the slightest pressure, and therefore retain no definite form; any substance in the state of liquidity; a fluid that is not aeriform.
n.
Liquid filth; mire.