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Topics referred to by the same term
dictionary. The word key space (or keyspace) is used in Key space (cryptography) for an algorithm refers to the set of all possible keys that can be used
Key_space
Number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm
In cryptography, key size or key length refers to the number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher). Key length defines the
Key_size
Long wide key on a typewriter or keyboard
The space bar, spacebar, blank key or space key is a key on a typewriter or alphanumeric keyboard in the form of a horizontal bar in the lowermost row
Space_bar
Data storage paradigm in computing
construct keys, that takes advantage of the ordered nature of the top level key space. When taking advantage of the ordered nature of the key space, one can
Ordered_key–value_store
Substitution cipher based on linear algebra
multiplication (MDS). The key space is the set of all possible keys. The key space size is the number of possible keys. The effective key size, in number of
Hill_cipher
Keyboard key meant for Windows devices
Quick Launch is removed in Windows 7 and this key is reassigned. Windows 7 introduced the following: ⊞ Win+Space bar activates Aero Peek. Reassigned in Windows
Windows_key
Set of musical alterations
different key, the new key signature is placed at the beginning of that section. In a key signature, a sharp or flat symbol on a line or space of the staff indicates
Key_signature
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
(1014) AES keys per second (assuming 1000 operations per check), but would still require 3.67×1055 years to exhaust the 256-bit key space. The June 2026
Brute-force_attack
Modifier key on workstation keyboards of the 1970s/80s
modifier key first appeared on the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Lab (SAIL) keyboard in 1970 and successors such as the Knight keyboard, space-cadet keyboard
Meta_key
Keyboard used on MIT Lisp machines, influential to Emacs
space-cadet keyboard is equipped with seven modifier keys: four keys for bucky bits (⎈ Control, ◆ Meta, ❖ Super, and ✦ Hyper), and three shift keys,
Space-cadet_keyboard
Techniques to protect against brute-force attack
attack by increasing the resources (time and possibly space) it takes to test each possible key. Passwords or passphrases created by humans are often
Key_stretching
Key that is easy to break with a specific cipher
desirable for a cipher to have no weak keys. A cipher with no weak keys is said to have a flat, or linear, key space. Virtually all rotor-based cipher machines
Weak_key
French rock band
together in various groups before forming Slift in 2016. Their debut EP, Space Is the Key, was released two years later and features a garage rock sound. In
Slift
Digital object that holds together all column families of a design
A keyspace (or key space) in a NoSQL data store is an object that holds together all column families of a design. It is the outermost grouping of the
Keyspace (distributed data store)
Keyspace_(distributed_data_store)
Information used for message authentication and integrity checking
algorithm selects a key from the key space uniformly at random. A MAC generation algorithm efficiently returns a tag given the key and the message. A verifying
Message_authentication_code
Computer key
Alternate key. The key is located on either side of the space bar, but in non-US PC keyboard layouts, rather than a second Alt key, there is an 'Alt Gr' key to
Alt_key
American aerospace and AI conglomerate
Space Exploration Technologies Corp., doing business as SpaceX, is an American conglomerate which is a aerospace manufacturer and provider of space transportation
SpaceX
Method to set encryption keys
systems rely on one or more keys for confidentiality. One particular attack is always possible against keys, the brute force key space search attack. A sufficiently
Pre-shared_key
Keyboard key often used for tabulated formatting
the space bar and backspace key. To simplify this, a horizontal bar was placed in the mechanism called the tabulator rack. Pressing the tab key would
Tab_key
Cluster of keys on a computer keyboard
character move around a virtual space (although modern games typically use the WASD keys for this purpose). The cursor keys predated the mouse pointer and
Arrow_keys
Free and open-source database management system
C++. The key space in Cassandra is a namespace that defines data replication across nodes. Therefore, replication is defined at the key space level. Below
Apache_Cassandra
Cryptographic algorithm
less storage space and faster transmission. Due to this, asymmetric-key encryption is often used to exchange the secret key for symmetric-key encryption
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Special kind of modifier keyboard key
pressing the dead key followed by space; so a caret (free-standing circumflex) can be typed by pressing ^ and then Space. The dead key is mechanical in
Dead_key
Computer key
Macintosh keyboard—the most common type—has two command keys, one on each side of the space bar; some compact keyboards have one only on the left. The
Command_key
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
was against a 64-bit RC5 key by distributed.net in 2006. The key space increases by a factor of 2 for each additional bit of key length, and if every possible
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
European organisation dedicated to space exploration
The European Space Agency (ESA; pronounced /ˈiːsə/ EE-sə) is a 23-member international organisation devoted to space exploration. It has its headquarters
European_Space_Agency
Function spaces generalizing finite-dimensional p norm spaces
(Riesz 1910). Lp spaces form an important class of Banach spaces in functional analysis, and of topological vector spaces. Because of their key role in the
Lp_space
Cryptographic hardware
cipher's key space – that is, to decrypt an encrypted message by trying every possible key. The aim in doing this was to prove that the key size of DES
EFF_DES_cracker
1968 film by Stanley Kubrick
2001: A Space Odyssey is a 1968 epic science fiction film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick, who co-wrote the screenplay with Arthur C. Clarke
2001:_A_Space_Odyssey
Cyber attack whereby the attacker attempts to recover the key to an encryption scheme
security. The most obvious key-recovery attack is the exhaustive key-search attack. But modern ciphers often have a key space of size 2 128 {\displaystyle
Key-recovery_attack
Search tree data structure
O(\log n)} other keys and each comparison takes O ( m ) {\displaystyle O(m)} time, in the worst case. The trie occupies less space, in comparison with
Trie
Length of ciphertext needed to unambiguously break a cipher
unicity distance, H(k) is the entropy of the key space (e.g. 128 for 2128 equiprobable keys, rather less if the key is a memorized pass-phrase). D is defined
Unicity_distance
Keyboard modifier key
and left Control key arrangement via a BIOS setting. Other manufacturers have chosen to map the Fn key not to the left of the space bar but instead to
Fn_key
Space: 1999, a British science fiction television series, ran for 48 episodes from 1975 to 1977. The first series of 24 episodes (often referred to as
List_of_Space:_1999_episodes
Class of key on a computer keyboard
– Meta key, found on MIT, Symbolics, and Sun Microsystems keyboards. ✦ Hyper – Hyper key, found on the Space-cadet keyboard ❖ Super – Super key, found
Modifier_key
Mechanical or electronic fastening device
a set of locks that are keyed alike, a lock/key system where each similarly keyed lock requires the same, unique key. The key serves as a security token
Lock_and_key
Habitable artificial satellite
specified (help) Center, NASA's Marshall Space Flight (15 September 2021). "Marshall contributes to key Space Station experiment". The Redstone Rocket
Space_station
Key of a computer keyboard
accessed by pressing Space. On the ZX Spectrum it is accessed by Caps Shift+Space. The Spectrum+ and later computers have a dedicated Break key. It does not trigger
Break_key
Button on Windows-oriented computer keyboards
use with the Windows operating system, the menu key was frequently omitted in the interest of space, particularly on portable and laptop keyboards. It
Menu_key
Key on computer keyboards
"enter key" on U+2324 in the Unicode code chart. On IBM's 3270 and 5250 line of terminals, the Enter key was located to the right of the space bar and
Enter_and_return_keys
Science fiction comic-book series
Space Family Robinson was an original science-fiction comic-book series published by Gold Key Comics. It predates the Lost in Space television series
Space_Family_Robinson
Decentralized distributed system with lookup service
least the following: The address space is a parameter of DHT. Several real-world DHTs use 128-bit or 160-bit key space. Some real-world DHTs use hash functions
Distributed_hash_table
general combination of metrics. The hash table's key-space is taken to be circular, like the key-space in the Chord system, and node IDs are 128-bit unsigned
Pastry_(DHT)
American science fiction television series
the Federation and its allies starting in the fifth season, Deep Space Nine becomes a key Federation base in the Dominion War. According to co-creator Berman
Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine
Modifier key present on Apple keyboards
keyboard. There are two Option keys on modern (as of 2020) Mac desktop and notebook keyboards, one on each side of the space bar. (As of 2005, some laptops
Option_key
Action of recording the keys struck on a keyboard
attacker who can capture only parts of a password will have a larger key space to attack if they choose to execute a brute-force attack. Another very
Keystroke_logging
Facility for scientific research
of space stations have been both national and international, collaborative efforts which have allowed different design philosophies to form key space stations
Research_station
American artificial intelligence subsidiary of SpaceX
SpaceX Super Intelligence LLC is an American artificial intelligence company founded by Elon Musk. In February 2026, it became a subsidiary of spaceflight
SpaceXAI
Ability of a computer keyboard to correctly handle several simultaneous keystrokes
rapid key pressing and reaction time. A keyboard with n-key rollover (NKRO) (also known as full key rollover) can correctly detect input from each key on
Key_rollover
American space and aeronautics agency
and Space Administration (NASA; /ˈnæsə/) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the United States' civil space program
NASA
Data communications modulation protocol
represents a binary one; the other, the "space", represents a binary zero. AFSK differs from regular frequency-shift keying in performing the modulation at baseband
Frequency-shift_keying
Computer security technique
exploited function in memory, ASLR randomly arranges the address space positions of key data areas of a process, including the base of the executable and
Address space layout randomization
Address_space_layout_randomization
American singer and songwriter (born 1981)
known professionally as Alicia Keys, is an American singer, songwriter, and pianist. A classically trained pianist, Keys began composing songs at the age
Alicia_Keys
Most common pitches in a piece of music
Western tonal music, a key represents the most common pitches and the center of tonal stability in a song or other composition. A key has two components:
Key_(music)
Indian Armed Forces Agency/Unit responsible for space warfare
The Defence Space Agency (DSA) is an integrated tri-services agency of the Indian Armed Forces headquartered in Bengaluru, Karnataka. The agency is tasked
Defence_Space_Agency
Mapping arbitrary data to fixed-size values
table space, blocks of consecutive keys with respect to any block of bits in the key. Consecutive keys within the high bits or low bits of the key (or some
Hash_function
Attack model in cryptanalysis
cipher whose key space is too small is subject to brute force attack with access to nothing but ciphertext by simply trying all possible keys. All that is
Ciphertext-only_attack
period. By the time the key was found, they had searched about a quarter of the key-space and were searching about 7 billion keys per second, but the number
DESCHALL_Project
Physical presence of human activity in outer space
in space (also anthropogenic presence in space or humanity in space) is the direct and mediated presence or telepresence of humans in outer space, and
Human_presence_in_space
American science fiction television series
inspired by the 1812 novel The Swiss Family Robinson and the 1962 Gold Key comic book Space Family Robinson, created by Del Connell and artist Dan Spiegle. Produced
Lost in Space (2018 TV series)
Lost_in_Space_(2018_TV_series)
Rotor key machine used in World War II
The size of the key space of the Enigma-M4 can be calculated from the four individual partial keys and the number of different key settings possible
Enigma-M4
Key on typewriter or computer keyboard
The Shift key ⇧ Shift is a modifier key on a computer keyboard, used to type capital letters and other alternate "upper" characters. There are typically
Shift_key
Candidate key with two or more attributes in a database
natural key as it is often composed of multiple natural key attributes. Composite keys use less disk space as compared to defining a surrogate key column
Composite_key
U.S. federal agency
highlighted by White House executive order as a key element of the future Golden Dome (missile defense system). The Space Development Agency (SDA) was established
Space_Development_Agency
Void between celestial bodies
Outer space, or simply space, is the expanse that exists beyond Earth's atmosphere and between celestial bodies. It contains ultra-low levels of particle
Outer_space
Type of unique key in a database
A natural key (also known as business key or domain key) is a type of unique key in a database formed of attributes that exist and are used in the external
Natural_key
Arrangement of keys on a typographic keyboard
another modified key, labelled AltGr (alternative graphic), to the right of the space bar. (US keyboards just have a second Alt key in this position)
Keyboard_layout
Early block substitution cipher
the alphabet to fit; other versions put both "I" and "J" in the same space). The key can be written in the top rows of the table, from left to right, or
Playfair_cipher
Framework of distances and directions
Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions
Space
Type of meet-in-the-middle attack
into two independent key-spaces, as required by the MITM attack. The 3-subset variant relaxes the restriction for the key-spaces to be independent, by
3-subset meet-in-the-middle attack
3-subset_meet-in-the-middle_attack
Data storage paradigm
Data analysis Document-oriented database Multi-model database Tuple space Ordered key–value store Name–value pair Corbellini, Alejandro; Mateos, Cristian;
Key–value_database
Space agency of the UK Government
key budgets for space exploration; it represents the United Kingdom in all negotiations on space matters. UKSA "[brings] together all UK civil space activities
UK_Space_Agency
Modular space station in low Earth orbit
The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station in low Earth orbit (LEO). It is the product of the International Space Station program and is
International_Space_Station
American electronic components distributor
DigiKey (formerly written as Digi-Key) is an American electronic components distributor. The company was founded in 1972 by Ronald Stordahl. As of 2013
DigiKey
Partially reusable launch system and space plane
on the Space Shuttle resulted in expendable launch vehicles becoming the primary deployment option for satellites. A key customer for the Space Shuttle
Space_Shuttle
Disused cipher that was used historically
small key space. These ciphers can be broken with a brute force attack, that is by simply trying out all keys. Substitution ciphers can have a large key space
Classical_cipher
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
stronger key sizes, such as AES (256-bit mode), TwoFish, ChaCha20-Poly1305, Serpent (supports keys up to 256 bits). AES-128 has a key space of 2128 possible
Encryption
Film editing technique
editing, which draws parallels or contrasts between two different time-space locations. A graphic match (as opposed to a graphic contrast or collision)
Match_cut
Algebraic structure in linear algebra
In mathematics, a vector space (also called a linear space) is a set whose elements, often called vectors, can be added together and multiplied ("scaled")
Vector_space
Distributed computing organization
Challenge — Completed 19 October 1997 (after 250 days and 47% of the key space tested). RSA Lab's 56-bit DES-II-1 Encryption Challenge — Completed 23
Distributed.net
Basis of international space law
nations—and another 20 are signatories. Key provisions of the treaty include prohibiting nuclear weapons in space; limiting the use of the Moon and all
Outer_Space_Treaty
Key on many computer keyboards
universal. The Delete key is typically smaller and less-conveniently located than the Backspace key, and on keyboards where space is limited, for example
Delete_key
2003 American spaceflight accident
On February 1, 2003, Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated as it re-entered the atmosphere over Texas and Louisiana, killing all seven astronauts on board
Space Shuttle Columbia disaster
Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster
Video game series
Dead Space is a science fiction horror franchise created by Glen Schofield and owned by Electronic Arts. It was developed primarily by Visceral Games
Dead_Space
1986 breakup of American orbiter
On January 28, 1986, Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds into its flight, killing all seven crew members. The spacecraft disintegrated about
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster
Industrialist and technologist (born 1971)
the chief executive officer (CEO) and largest shareholder of Tesla and SpaceX. Musk has been the wealthiest person in the world since 2025, and became
Elon_Musk
NASA/ESA space telescope launched in 1990
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 during the STS-31 and remains in operation
Hubble_Space_Telescope
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
of the size of the key space. To transmit an encrypted key to a device that possesses the symmetric key necessary to decrypt that key requires roughly 256
Post-quantum_cryptography
American manufacturer
was fueled by major contract wins with McDonnell-Douglas, Boeing, and key space platforms. In 2017, Stephen G. Oswald was named President and CEO of Ducommun
Ducommun
Two raised to an integer power
floating-point format, and the total number of different possible keys in the AES 128-bit key space (symmetric cipher). 2168 = 37414441915671114706014
Power_of_two
Good storage load-balancing despite arbitrary load-distribution over the key-space. Range queries can be naturally supported and efficiently processed on
P-Grid
Comic book character
named Hickory, Dickory, and Doc. A second Space Mouse character was published by Dell Comics (and later by Gold Key Comics) from 1960 to around 1965. The
Space_Mouse
Searching algorithm
based on the key values at the bounds of the search space and the value of the sought key, usually via a linear interpolation. The key value actually
Interpolation_search
NASA/ESA/CSA space infrared telescope launched in 2021
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a space telescope designed to conduct infrared astronomy. It is the largest telescope in space, and is equipped
James_Webb_Space_Telescope
Electronic signalling device
A keyer is an electronic device used for signaling by hand, by way of pressing one or more switches. The technical term keyer has two very similar meanings
Keyer
2005 film by Jon Favreau
Zathura: A Space Adventure (or simply Zathura) is a 2005 American science fiction action-adventure film directed by Jon Favreau, and written by David
Zathura:_A_Space_Adventure
Standard that defines a specific range of colors
pigment (cyan, magenta, yellow, and key [black]). To create a three-dimensional representation of a given color space, we can assign the amount of magenta
Color_space
Planned ESA uncrewed spaceplane
The Space Rider (Space Reusable Integrated Demonstrator for Europe Return) is a planned uncrewed orbital lifting body spaceplane aiming to provide the
Space_Rider
2009 password-based key derivation function
algorithm in hardware and having each search a different subset of the key space. This divides the amount of time needed to complete a brute-force attack
Scrypt
Chinese reusable spacecraft
was first revealed by Col. John Patrick of the United States Space Force at the Open Space Forum in South Korea in 2024. Taken on 28 May 2024 by a Maxar
Chinese reusable experimental spacecraft
Chinese_reusable_experimental_spacecraft
travel, tourism, insurance
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