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Biochemical technique
biochemistry, immunostaining is any use of an antibody-based method to detect a specific protein in a sample. The term "immunostaining" was originally
Immunostaining
Extracellular deposits of the amyloid beta protein
The plaques are highly variable in shape and size; in tissue sections immunostained for Aβ, they comprise a log-normal size distribution curve, with an
Amyloid_plaques
Technique used for light microscopy
capacity of its antigen. Immunofluorescence is a widely used example of immunostaining (using antibodies to stain proteins) and is a specific example of immunohistochemistry
Immunofluorescence
Process of removing chemical changes
Antigen retrieval is a non-enzymatic pretreatment for immunostaining to reduce or eliminate the chemical modifications caused by formalin fixation, through
Antigen_retrieval
Class of anticancer drugs
Micrograph showing a PD-L1 positive lung adenocarcinoma. Positive immunostaining can predict response to the treatment.
PD-1_and_PD-L1_inhibitors
Common application of immunostaining
Immunohistochemistry is a form of immunostaining. It involves the process of selectively identifying antigens in cells and tissue, by exploiting the principle
Immunohistochemistry
Aggregates of tau protein known as a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease
neuron has died), which are characterized by a reduced immunostaining for tau but marked immunostaining for ubiquitin. In this sequence of events, the abnormal
Neurofibrillary_tangle
Lack of red blood cells due to vitamin B12 deficiency
enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia, as demonstrated with chromogranin A immunostaining, in the body of the stomach. Parietal cells are not readily apparent
Pernicious_anemia
Technology for examining cells
methylation differences between cells and tissues. This method involves immunostaining using the antibody to target the 5mC marks in a tissue section, fluorescence
Spatial DNA methylation profiling
Spatial_DNA_methylation_profiling
Aggressive type of brain cancer
cellular origin of glioblastoma is unknown. Because of the similarities in immunostaining of glial cells and glioblastoma, gliomas such as glioblastoma have long
Glioblastoma
Analytical technique used in molecular biology
where antibodies are used to detect proteins in tissues and cells by immunostaining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The name Western blot
Western_blot
Group of peptides
with Alzheimer's. Amyloid beta can be measured semiquantitatively with immunostaining, which also allows one to determine location. Amyloid beta may be primarily
Amyloid_beta
Type of immunostain
can be examined by microscopy. Originally all antibodies produced for immunostaining were polyclonal, i.e. raised by normal antibody reactions in animals
Immunoperoxidase
Mass resulting from the fusion of many cells
CD68 immunostaining demonstrating giant cells and macrophages
Giant_cell
Naturally produced monosaccharide
magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography analysis or lectin immunostaining is performed with concanavalin A reporter enzyme conjugate, which binds
Glucose
Medical condition
Joutel A, Favrole P, Labauge P, et al. (December 2001). "Skin biopsy immunostaining with a Notch3 monoclonal antibody for CADASIL diagnosis". Lancet. 358
CADASIL
Organ central to the nervous system
structure, chemistry, and connectivity. In recent years, the development of immunostaining techniques has allowed investigation of neurons that express specific
Brain
Inflammation of the kidney
Pyelonephritis Other names Kidney infection CD68 immunostaining on this photomicrograph shows macrophages and giant cells in a case of xanthogranulomatous
Pyelonephritis
Medical condition neuromuscular disorders
clinical features, characteristic brain and muscle imaging, muscle immunostaining, and genetic testing findings. An international retrospective early
LAMA2 related congenital muscular dystrophy
LAMA2_related_congenital_muscular_dystrophy
Disease of the kidney
Immunostaining showing IgA in the glomerulus of a patient with Henoch-Schönlein nephritis.
IgA_nephropathy
Medical laboratory test
cytokine secretion for a single cell. The ELISpot Assay is also a form of immunostaining since it is classified as a technique that uses antibodies to detect
ELISpot
Autoimmune vascular inflammatory disease
Immunostaining showing IgA in the glomerulus of a patient with Henoch–Schönlein nephritis
Henoch–Schönlein_purpura
Nineteenth letter in the Greek alphabet
Sjögren; E, Englund (2004). "Negative neurofilament light and tau immunostaining in frontotemporal dementia". Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
Tau
Infectious disease
immunofluorescence microscopy. Shell vial cultures, which can identify infection via immunostaining before a cytopathic effect appears, are more sensitive than traditional
Influenza
Type of progressive dementia
easier to diagnose in the 1980s after the discovery of alpha-synuclein immunostaining that highlighted Lewy bodies in post mortem brains. Kosaka et al. described
Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies
Cell type
distinctions are not absolute and a definitive diagnosis relies on antibody immunostaining for the presence of unique cluster of differentiation receptors. Blood
Lymphoblast
Type of cell found in pancreatic islets
Human pancreatic islet by immunostaining. Nuclei of cells are shown in blue (DAPI). Beta cells are shown in green (Insulin), Delta cells are shown in white
Beta_cell
Pathologic change in liver cells
Pre-S2 positive immunostaining. Type II - morphologically consist of GGHs that are in clusters and have Pre-S2 negative immunostaining. There is some evidence
Ground_glass_hepatocyte
Structure at the rear of the vertebrate brain, beneath the cerebrum
somatotopy". A clearer indication of compartmentalization is obtained by immunostaining the cerebellum for certain types of protein. The best-known of these
Cerebellum
Single-cell biology and biochemistry
Cells shown with immunostaining observed with a confocal microscope.
Cytomics
List of terms created from a person's name
"Glossary of Staining Methods, Reagents, Immunostaining and Eponyms". "Glossary of Staining Methods, Reagents, Immunostaining and Eponyms". "Glossary of Staining
List_of_eponyms_(A–K)
Ability of biomolecules to bind specific ligands
intended to negate. Scientific techniques, such as immunostaining, depend on chemical specificity. Immunostaining utilizes the chemical specificity of antibodies
Chemical_specificity
Condition of genetic hypermutability
Micrograph showing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in a case of colorectal cancer with evidence of MSI-H on immunostaining. H&E stain.
Microsatellite_instability
Aggressive and rare cancer
variant of desmoplastic small round cell tumor: significance of WT1 immunostaining in this entity". Hum. Pathol. 39 (12): 1763–70. doi:10.1016/j.humpath
Desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor
Desmoplastic_small-round-cell_tumor
only a subset of chandelier cells test positive for parvalbumin by immunostaining. The name comes from the specific shape of their axon arbors, with the
Chandelier_cell
Type of diagnosis assisted by computers
algorithms. So far its application has been limited to quantifying immunostaining but is also being investigated for the standard H&E stain. CAD is an
Computer-aided_diagnosis
Largest of the cervical ganglia
rate. Another distinction between SCG neuron types is made via immunostaining. Immunostaining allows the classification of SCG neurons as either positive
Superior_cervical_ganglion
Chemical compound
DNA extraction Reducing surface tension of aqueous solutions during immunostaining (usually at a concentration of 0.1-0.5% in TBS or PBS buffer) Dispersion
Triton_X-100
French neuroscientist (born 1974)
Lesné's doctoral work and published with Lesné, says Lesné produced some immunostaining images which Vivien thought suspect; others were unable to replicate
Sylvain_Lesné
Class of medications
1998). "Effects of imipramine administration on mu-opioid receptor immunostaining in the rat forebrain". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 48 (7): 717–719. PMID 9706370
Tricyclic_antidepressant
Medical condition
Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) recommends the use of p16INK4A immunostaining for the diagnosis and classification of HPV-related penile cancer. Around
Penile_cancer
Medical condition
show positive nuclear staining for beta catenin, as well as positive immunostaining for CD10, CD56, vimentin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and neuron specific enolase;
Solid_pseudopapillary_tumour
Cancer of the lining of the blood or lymphatic vessels
Immunostained CD31 in a cutaneous angiosarcoma
Angiosarcoma
Study of viruses
on cell lysis in order to detect plaque formation, the FFA employs immunostaining techniques using fluorescently labeled antibodies specific for a viral
Virology
Type of skeletal muscle tumor
physiology. Immunostaining for myogenin and for MyoD can be used to determine ARMS from other rhabdomyosarcoma tumors and immunostaining for AP2β and
Alveolar_rhabdomyosarcoma
Hypothalamic nucleus
hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in the C57BL/6J male mouse: A study of immunostaining and multiple fluorescent tract tracing". Journal of Comparative Neurology
Paraventricular_nucleus
Medical condition
identified using immunohistochemical studies such as immunofluorescence or immunostaining, immunogold electron microscopy or mass spectroscopy (which is not widely
AL_amyloidosis
Procedure for detection and localization of an antigen
Buchwalow IB, Minin EA, Boecker W (2005). "A multicolor fluorescence immunostaining technique for simultaneous antigen targeting". Acta Histochem. 107 (2):
Immunolabeling
Mammalian protein found in humans
Ki-67 immunostaining of a brain tumour with a high proliferative rate
Ki-67_(protein)
Medical condition of lymphatic cells
proteins in B cell germinal centers and are absent light chain reaction in immunostaining and flow cytometry as well as absent IG rearrangements. Localized, or
Follicular_hyperplasia
Utilizing polymers to examine small biological samples
those involved in analyzing biological samples with the addition of immunostaining or fluorescent dyes. Fluorescent labels are applied after expansion
Expansion_microscopy
Hematological malignancy
bone marrow biopsy or peripheral blood without immunostaining, or minimal hairy cells with immunostaining (known as measurable residual disease). The benefits
Hairy_cell_leukemia
Dendritic cell sarcoma cancer that effects the follicular dendritic cells
difficult to distinguish in staining. These cells are best visualized with immunostaining using the FDC markers CD21, CD35, R4/23, clusterin, and KiM4p. Marker
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
Follicular_dendritic_cell_sarcoma
Method of making biological tissue transparent
fluorescent molecules, from nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) labels, or from immunostaining, whereby antibodies that bind specifically to a certain target substance
CLARITY
biochemical assays including: ELISA, including many HIV tests Western blot Immunostaining Immunohistochemistry Immunocytochemistry https://ptglab
Primary and secondary antibodies
Primary_and_secondary_antibodies
Embryonic carcinoma cell line
Mouse P19 embryonal carcinoma cells immunostained to show the location of beta-catenin at cell-to-cell contacts
P19_cell
Innervated muscle structure involved in reflex actions and proprioception
immunological component in muscle spindle maintenance and function. Immunostaining and sequencing have enabled tissue-level identification of novel markers
Muscle_spindle
Medical condition
Histopathology of intraductal papilloma of the breast by excisional biopsy. Immunostaining for alpha-smooth muscle actin. Cilotti A, Bagnolesi P, Napoli V, Lencioni
Intraductal_papilloma
Biological process
positions called replication foci. Replication sites can be detected by immunostaining daughter strands and replication enzymes and monitoring GFP-tagged replication
DNA_replication
Medical condition
steroid-responsive IgG4-related mastitis can be identified by IgG/IgG4 immunostaining. The term duct ectasia syndrome has been used to describe symptoms of
Duct_ectasia_of_breast
Preservation of biological tissue
well, and extracts lipids to give superior results to formaldehyde in immunostaining of biogenic and polypeptide hormones However, it causes a loss of basophils
Fixation_(histology)
Viewing of objects which are too small to be seen with the naked eye
method is the combination of antibodies coupled to a fluorophore as in immunostaining. Examples of commonly used fluorophores are fluorescein or rhodamine
Microscopy
Regions of the pancreas
inhibitors). Mouse islet immunostained for pancreatic polypeptide Mouse islet immunostained for insulin Mouse islet immunostained for glucagon Electrical
Pancreatic_islets
Italian hematologist, academic and researcher
NPM1 immunostaining
Brunangelo_Falini
Medical condition
high-grade dysplasia (adenocarcinoma) (a) with a diffuse positivity of p53 immunostaining (an insert) and KRAS mutation (G12V). The BD-IPMN of the body was lined
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
Intraductal_papillary_mucinous_neoplasm
antigenic structures in tissue samples. See also immunostaining. immunoprecipitation (IP) immunostaining The use of an antibody conjugated to a chromophore
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (0–L)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(0–L)
Chemical compound and enzyme
used for many applications, ranging from biomarker detection and tumor immunostaining to antibiofouling. Artificial enzyme PDB: 1w4w; Carlsson GH, Nicholls
Horseradish_peroxidase
Overview of and topical guide to neuroscience
anatomy of nervous tissue and neural structures of the nervous system. Immunostaining Category: Neuroanatomy Neuropharmacology is the study of how drugs affect
Outline_of_neuroscience
Digital brain atlas and virtual microscope
(2009). "Complete 3-D visualization of primate striosomes by KChIP1 immunostaining". J Comp Neurol. 514 (5): 507–17. doi:10.1002/cne.22051. PMC 2737266
BrainMaps
Cell found in connective tissue
mutation, as well as expression of either CD2 or CD25 (confirmed by immunostaining or flow cytometry), are characteristic of primary clonal/monoclonal
Mast_cell
penetration depth No tissue sectioning required Non-destructive and compatible with downstream molecular testing (e.g. DNA/RNA testing, immunostaining)
Microscopy with UV surface excitation
Microscopy_with_UV_surface_excitation
Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif Immunosenescence Immunosignature Immunostaining Immunostimulant Immunosuppression Immunosurgery Immunotherapy Immunotoxicology
Index_of_immunology_articles
Medical condition
characteristic appearance under the microscope and distinctive pattern of immunostaining. It is not related urothelial carcinoma. It is in the transitional cell
Transitional cell carcinoma of the ovary
Transitional_cell_carcinoma_of_the_ovary
Presenting as a Cystic Mass, Showing NAB2ex4-STAT6ex2 Fusion and STAT6 Immunostaining". International Journal of Gynecological Pathology. 38 (1): 21–26. doi:10
List_of_vaginal_tumors
Diseases caused by abnormal protein structure
Micrograph of immunostained α-synuclein (brown) in Lewy bodies (large clumps) and Lewy neurites (thread-like structures) in the cerebral cortex of a patient
Proteinopathy
Measure the amount of a target entity
Luciferase, calcium signaling assays using Coelenterazine, CFSE or Calcein Immunostaining of cells on slides by Microscopy (ImmunoHistoChemistry or Fluorescence)
Assay
Relatively benign tumour of the testis
accounts for the appearance of separate tumour nodules within the testis. Immunostaining for most of the usual testicular germ cell tumour markers is negative
Spermatocytic_tumor
Chemical sensing cells in the intestinal lining
image of mouse jejunum tuft cells : A free-floating cryosection was immunostained with a tuft cell marker (anti-phospho-specific antibody against Girdin
Tuft_cell
Israeli hepatologist and academic
liver regeneration, Assy analyzed PCNA mRNA and protein levels, PCNA immunostaining, and 3H-thymidine incorporation in rat liver regeneration after partial
Nimer_Assy
French neurologist and medical geneticist
Favrole, P Labauge, H Chabriat, C Lescoat, F Andreux. 2001. Skin biopsy immunostaining with a Notch3 monoclonal antibody for CADASIL diagnosis. The Lancet
Anne_Joutel
Scientist trained in biology and medicine
include: Molecular and biochemical techniques Electrophoresis and blotting Immunostaining Chromatography Mass spectrometry PCR and sequencing Microarrays Imaging
Biomedical_scientist
Index measuring the progression of cancer
upregulated in proliferating cells, making it another useful antigen for immunostaining. It is associated with DNA polymerase alpha, which is expressed throughout
Proliferative_index
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Roger P, Pujol P, Lucas A, Baldet P, Rochefort H (Nov 1998). "Increased immunostaining of fibulin-1, an estrogen-regulated protein in the stroma of human ovarian
FBLN1
Medical condition
and plasma cells) infiltrate rich in IgG4-positive plasma cells. IgG4 immunostaining needs to be specifically requested and performed in order to detect
IgG4-related_disease
Antibody fragment
Berger D, Gmeiner C, Cho J, Schalek R, et al. (December 2018). "Nanobody immunostaining for correlated light and electron microscopy with preservation of ultrastructure"
Single-domain_antibody
Medical condition
morphology, and has a Basophilic cytoplasm. Cystic nephromas have an immunostaining pattern like ovarian stroma; they are positive for: Estrogen receptor
Cystic_nephroma
Bile acid
nuclei are stained dark blue with hematoxylin (for nucleic acid) and immunostained brown for 8-oxo-dG. The level of 8-oxo-dG was graded in the nuclei of
Deoxycholic_acid
Wastewater treatment process using aeration and a biological floc
Raskin L (1999). "Simultaneous oligonucleotide probe hybridization and immunostaining for in situ detection of Gordona species in activated sludge". FEMS
Activated_sludge
Medical condition
growth. Core needle biopsy. HER-2/neu oncoprotein expression by Ventana immunostaining system. Immunohistochemistry of estrogen receptor in invasive breast
Invasive carcinoma of no special type
Invasive_carcinoma_of_no_special_type
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
subfield and weakly in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus. However, immunostaining of Ten-m3 shows weak protein expression throughout the hippocampus except
TENM3
common human proteins, including cytochrome C and fibrinogen alpha. Immunostaining of c4orf36 in syncytiotrophoblast cells (STBs) of mid-gestation human
C4orf36
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
gene are associated with Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome. Glypican 3 immunostaining has utility for differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and dysplastic
Glypican_3
Disease that affects wild and domestic rabbits
used include enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, electron microscopy, immunostaining, Western blot, and in situ hybridization. The tissue of choice for molecular
Rabbit_hemorrhagic_disease
Eggs and larvae of fish that drift in the water column
Three-day-old larval white seabass with Na+/K+-ATPase immunostained in brown to identify its ionocytes
Ichthyoplankton
Determine the concentration of a virus
on cell lysis in order to detect plaque formation, the FFA employs immunostaining techniques using fluorescently labeled antibodies specific for a viral
Virus_quantification
Protein found in humans
have replaced antibodies against ubiquitin as the gold standard for immunostaining of Lewy bodies. The central panel in the figure to the right shows the
Alpha-synuclein
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
will also express PMS2. This is indicated by the brown color seen by immunostaining of PMS2 in most of the enterocytes in the crypt in panel A of the image
Mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2
Mismatch_repair_endonuclease_PMS2
Bioengineered construct
controls, with effects observed within a two-hour circulation period. Immunostaining and immunoblotting confirmed enhanced fibrin formation at the injury
Platelet-mimicking_particle
Medical condition
predominantly cribriform structure and invasion into adjacent tissues. Immunostaining to define the expression pattern of the elements outlined in the above
Invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast
Invasive_cribriform_carcinoma_of_the_breast
Chemical compound
to sugars to study glycosylation events, even in biological systems. Immunostaining "Digoxigenin". Material Data Safety Sheet. ChemSrc. Polya G (2003).
Digoxigenin
IMMUNOSTAINING
IMMUNOSTAINING
IMMUNOSTAINING
IMMUNOSTAINING
Boy/Male
Norse
Son of Dufniall.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Neelambari | நீலாமà¯à®ªà®°à¯€
Blue Sky, Clothed in blue
Boy/Male
Muslim
Moderate, Average
Girl/Female
Arabic, Finnish, Indian, Swedish
Shining Light; Lights
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Healthy
Boy/Male
French, German, Italian, Latin, Spanish
Gift from God
Girl/Female
Indian
Free will of God
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Buddha, One who enlightens
Biblical
right hand; south wind
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Calm Quietude
IMMUNOSTAINING
IMMUNOSTAINING
IMMUNOSTAINING
IMMUNOSTAINING
IMMUNOSTAINING