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Stage in embryonic development
In Xenopus laevis, the specification of the three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm) occurs at the blastula stage. Great efforts have been
Ectoderm_specification
Outer germ layer of embryonic development
The ectoderm is one of the three primary germ layers formed in early embryonic development. It is the outermost layer, and is superficial to the mesoderm
Ectoderm
Primary layer of cells in embryonic development
ectoderm and an endoderm, and are known as diploblasts. But most animals have a bilateral symmetry, and develop from three germ layers, an ectoderm,
Germ_layer
Cells that give rise to the embryo in amniote development
amniote embryonic development, the epiblast (also known as the primitive ectoderm) is one of two distinct cell layers arising from the inner cell mass in
Epiblast
Embryologic stage in which germ layers form
specification. In triploblastic organisms, including the human, the gastrula is trilaminar (three-layered). These three germ layers are the ectoderm (outer
Gastrulation
Phase of embryonic development
During organogenesis, the three germ layers formed from gastrulation (the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm) form the tissues and internal organs of the organism
Organogenesis
Thickened tissue in an embryo which gives rise to neural structures
placode is an area of thickening of the epithelium in the embryonic head ectoderm layer that gives rise to neurons and other structures of the sensory nervous
Neurogenic_placode
neurons, N results in neural tissues and some ventral ectoderm, Q contributes to the dorsal ectoderm and O and P in the leech are equipotent cells (same
Leech_embryogenesis
Embryological process forming the neural tube
induces the formation of the central nervous system (CNS) by signaling the ectoderm germ layer above it to form the thick and flat neural plate. The neural
Neurulation
Inner germ layer of embryonic development
primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and mesoderm (middle layer). Cells migrating inward along
Endoderm
Study of how organisms develop and grow
Morphogenesis is important for creating the three germ layers of the early embryo (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) and for building up complex structures during
Developmental_biology
Early embryonic mass that gives rise to the fetus
endoderm (or hypoblast) fate, while the remaining cells adopt a primitive ectoderm (or epiblast) fate. The hypoblast contributes to extraembryonic membranes
Inner_cell_mass
Developmental precursor to the central nervous system
neurulation and secondary neurulation. Primary neurulation divides the ectoderm into three cell types: The internally located neural tube The externally
Neural_tube
Middle germ layer of embryonic development
the neural tube, notochord, surface ectoderm and the somitic compartments themselves. The correct specification of the deriving tissues, skeletal, cartilage
Mesoderm
Mechanisms that form the digestive system in the human embryo
is a fold of one of the layers of the trilaminar germ disc, called the ectoderm, appears. This layer elevates and closes dorsally, while the gut tube rolls
Development of the human digestive system
Development_of_the_human_digestive_system
Critical protein in embryonic development
SHH in combination with other signaling molecules to thicken the oral ectoderm and begin patterning the complex shapes of the crown of a tooth during
Sonic_hedgehog_protein
Processes which grow and shape an organism's nervous tissue over its lifetime(s)
vertebrates, it begins with the formation of the neural tube from the ectoderm via neurulation. This tube then differentiates into the brain and spinal
Development of the nervous system
Development_of_the_nervous_system
Pluripotent embryonic cell group giving rise to diverse cell lineages
ridge-like structure that is formed transiently between the epidermal ectoderm and neural plate during vertebrate development. Neural crest cells originate
Neural_crest
Structure formed around day 5 of mammalian embryonic development
of the developing embryo during gastrulation (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). The trophoblast is a layer of cells forming the outer ring of the blastocyst
Blastocyst
Structure formed early in vertebrate limb development
in vertebrate limb development. As a result of interactions between the ectoderm and underlying mesoderm, formation occurs roughly around the fourth week
Limb_bud
Specialised epithelial tissue in the nasal cavity that detects odours
regulate the preplacodal specification. The olfactory placode forms as two thickenings of non-neural region of embryonic ectoderm. In mice, the olfactory
Olfactory_epithelium
Type of animal embryonic connective tissue
mesenchyme forms soon after primary mesenchyme formation. The interaction with ectoderm and somite-forming morphogenic factors cause some primary mesenchyme to
Mesenchyme
Multicellular diploid eukaryote in its earliest stage of development
triploblastic animals, the three germinal layers that form are called the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. All tissues and organs of a mature animal can
Embryo
Identification of different areas of development in an early embryo
tissue to become endoderm while the animal cells are specified to become ectoderm. The animal cells are not determined because the micromeres can induce
Regional_differentiation
Embryogenesis of the fruit fly Drosophila, a popular model system
zerknüllt, tolloid, and decapentaplegic (Dpp). This leads to the specification of non-neural ectoderm and later in the blastula stage to anmioserosa. The ventral
Drosophila_embryogenesis
Stem cell that gives rise to a gamete, such as a sperm or egg cell
BMP2 and BMP8b from the extraembryonic ectoderm. The germ cell population (~40 in mice), after specification, migrate to the developing gonads where
Gametogonium
Embryonic developmental stage of the sea urchin
within the PMC syncytium during skeletogenesis. It is suggested that the ectoderm may play a role in controlling skeletal morphogenesis by regulating the
Sea_urchin_skeletogenesis
Embryonic inner cell mass tissue that forms the yolk sac and, later, chorion
mass, the epiblast, differentiates into the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. The hypoblast lies beneath the epiblast and consists
Hypoblast
Embryology concept
The mesoderm forms at the same time as the other two germ layers, the ectoderm and endoderm. The mesoderm at either side of the neural tube is called
Somite
Type of cell found in muscle tissue
are often contested due to the origin of these muscle cells being the ectoderm rather than the mesoderm or mesendoderm. The origin of true muscle cells
Muscle_cell
the intermediate mesoderm, the lateral plate mesoderm and the surface ectoderm. FGF8 in the intermediate mesoderm signals to the lateral mesoderm, restricting
Apical_ectodermal_ridge
Protein and coding gene in humans
cortex substantia nigra right lobe of liver gonad Top expressed in surface ectoderm rhombic lip labioscrotal swelling lip pretectal area intestinal villus
WNT3
How an animal develops its sexual-reproduction cells
that make up the embryo proper; including the endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm. The specification of primordial germ cells in mammals is mainly attributed
Germline_development
Embryonic precursor structures in vertebrates
clefts, and these thin segments become gills. In mammals the endoderm and ectoderm not only remain intact but also continue to be separated by a mesoderm
Pharyngeal_arch
Part of an animal that coordinates actions and senses
bilaterians, radiata only have two primordial cell layers, endoderm and ectoderm. Neurons are generated from a special set of ectodermal precursor cells
Nervous_system
Mechanisms that form the human nervous system
ectoderm becomes specified to give rise to the epidermis (skin) and the neural plate. The conversion of undifferentiated ectoderm to neuro-ectoderm requires
Development of the nervous system in humans
Development_of_the_nervous_system_in_humans
Species of echinoderm
lateral inhibition is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism patterning the ectoderm of echinoids". Development Genes and Evolution. 228 (1): 1–11. doi:10
Eucidaris_tribuloides
Transformation of a stem cell to a more specialized cell
in mammals, namely the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm (listed from most distal (exterior) to proximal (interior)). The ectoderm ends up forming the skin
Cellular_differentiation
Evolutionary trend
of neural crest and cranial placodes (thickened areas of the embryonic ectoderm layer), which result in the formation of all sense organs outside the brain
Cephalization
Software application
from the Davidson Lab. Sea urchin ectoderm network from the Davidson Lab. Mouse ventral neural tube specification from the McMahon Lab. Environment And
BioTapestry
Human protein and coding gene
Inhibition of the BMP4 signal (by chordin, noggin, or follistatin) causes the ectoderm to differentiate into the neural plate. If these cells also receive signals
Bone_morphogenetic_protein_4
Development of limbs in vertebrates
the lateral plate mesoderm proliferate to the point that they cause the ectoderm above to bulge out, forming a limb bud. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)
Limb_development
Type of DNA sequence
proper differentiation and specification of the neuroepithelial domain and also hinder the formation of skin or ectoderm. The lack of these factors result
Silencer_(genetics)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cingulate cortex amygdala right lung Brodmann area 9 Top expressed in surface ectoderm set of lens fibers corneal epithelium epithelium of lens paramesonephric
WNT7A
Metabolic disease involving abnormal deposited amyloid proteins
mesenchymal (organs derived from mesoderm) or parenchymal (organs derived from ectoderm or endoderm).[medical citation needed] Treatment depends on the type of
Amyloidosis
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
nodal become mesoderm, and cells that are not stimulated by nodal become ectoderm. This process results in transition from the single layer epiblast into
Nodal_homolog
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
endoplasmic reticulum and the nucleus. Neural development happens in the dorsal ectoderm. In the genus Xenopus, over expression of CTDNEP1 undergoes apoptosis in
CTDNEP1
Founder Cells
occurs within the zygote. These founder cells lead to the formation of ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, and germ line. These cell types are then further differentiated
Founder_cell
Cell movement during embryonic development
development of some organisms. Epiboly is the spreading and thinning of the ectoderm while the endoderm and mesoderm layers move to the inside of the embryo
Epiboly
endoplasmic reticulum and the nucleus. Neural development happens in the dorsal ectoderm. In the genus Xenopus, over expression of Dullard undergoes apoptosis in
Dullard_protein
Three-dimensional aggregate of pluripotent stem cells
embryoid bodies undergo differentiation and cell specification along the three germ lineages – endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm – which comprise all somatic
Embryoid_body
Cellular process in embryonic development
amphioxus, sea urchin and mollusc lineages. As nodal signaling give rise to ectoderm and mesoderm, neuroectoderm formation requires blocking nodal signaling
Nodal_signaling_pathway
development. They integrate positional information and contribute to the specification of progenitor-cell identity. From the same ectodermal cell types, neural
Proneural_genes
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
embryo desmocranium amnion tongue enamel organ maxillary prominence surface ectoderm More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular function
CYP26C1
Artificial miniature brain like organ
and ectoderm, which has the potential to be differentiated into different types of tissue. A cerebral organoid can be formed by inducing ectoderm cells
Cerebral_organoid
Formation of the folds of the brain's cerebral cortex
tissue covering the embryonic cerebral cortex is several thin layers of ectoderm (future skin) and mesenchyme (future muscle and connective tissue, including
Gyrification
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
region of the dorsal ectoderm in late gastrula embryos. XAG-2 expression gathers at the anterior region of the dorsal ectoderm, and this region corresponds
AGR2
Study of the form or morphology of fishes
the epidermis and the dermis layer. The epidermis is derived from the ectoderm and becomes the most superficial layer that consists entirely of live cells
Fish_anatomy
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
development. Furthermore, SIX3 assumes its activity in the PLE (presumptive lens ectoderm), the region in which the lens is expected to develop. If its presence
SIX3
Endocrine gland
adrenal medulla is derived from neural crest cells, which come from the ectoderm layer of the embryo. These cells migrate from their initial position and
Adrenal_gland
Transcription factor gene of the SOX family
into the mesendoderm germ layer and promotes differentiation into neural ectoderm germ layer. Npm1/Sox2 complexes are sustained when differentiation is induced
SOX2
Multipotent stem cell in the adult body
neural stem cells from the brain, which are derived from ectoderm, can differentiate into ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Stem cells from the bone marrow
Adult_stem_cell
Type of stem cell
later differentiate into three layers: definitive endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm. Stem cells derived from epiblast are pluripotent. These cells are called
Epiblast-derived_stem_cell
Origin and subsequent variation and development of neurons and neural tissues and organs
bilaterians, radiata only have two primordial cell layers, endoderm and ectoderm. Neurons are generated from a special set of ectodermal precursor cells
Evolution_of_nervous_systems
Protein-coding gene in humans
be inaccurate. Pax-6 is expressed as a transcription factor when neural ectoderm receives a combination of weak Sonic hedgehog (SHH) and strong TGF-Beta
PAX6
Key morphogen in fruit fly development
specifying the extraembryonic amnioserosa and low levels specifying the dorsal ectoderm. Dpp signaling also incorporates a positive feedback mechanism that promotes
Decapentaplegic
Organ central to the nervous system
from a round blob of cells into a wormlike structure, a narrow strip of ectoderm running along the midline of the back is induced to become the neural plate
Brain
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
allantois lip transitional epithelium of urinary bladder optic nerve surface ectoderm genital tubercle neural groove neural fold renal corpuscle More reference
Bone_morphogenetic_protein_7
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
retinal, thus, it could serve as a marker in studies of horizontal cell specification. Lim-1 (Lhx1) functions as a transcription factor necessary for regulating
LHX1
development, the stage is set for the specification of the three germ layers : endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm, which will give rise to the adult organism
Fibroblast growth factor and mesoderm formation
Fibroblast_growth_factor_and_mesoderm_formation
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
tube Top expressed in saccule Rostral migratory stream tail of embryo ectoderm otic vesicle neural layer of retina zygote otic placode genital tubercle
SCMH1
British embryologist and geneticist
reconstitution to study the development of diploid parthenogenetic primitive ectoderm in combination with fertilization-derived trophectoderm and primitive endoderm"
Richard Gardner (embryologist)
Richard_Gardner_(embryologist)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
substrate neural plate morphogenesis somite rostral/caudal axis specification ectoderm development positive regulation of epithelial cell migration in
EPB41L5
Series of molecular signals
the original blood vessel. During development, definitive endoderm and ectoderm differentiates into several gastrointestinal epithelial lineages, including
Notch_signaling_pathway
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
development and in mature tissues. In addition, Foxa2 is expressed in ectoderm-derived neural tissues. Foxa2 knockout is embryonically lethal to mice
FOXA2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
tissues, the notochord, hair follicles, and eye structures arise from the ectoderm germ layer. Noggin activity in the mesoderm gives way to the formation
Noggin_(protein)
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor
populations. BMPR1A null mice died at embryonic day 8.0 without mesoderm specification, demonstrating its vital role in gastrulation. It has been demonstrated
BMPR1A
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
in chicken models show Radical fringe is expressed in both the dorsal ectoderm and the AER. This provides evidence that the AER forms from cells already
Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase radical fringe
Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase_radical_fringe
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
maternal decidual cells of the implantation site and the extraembryonic ectoderm. The regulation of proper gradient of Nodal and BMPs is crucial for gastrulation
PCSK6
Transient structure in animal development
FGFRs act partially redundantly to support cell survival in the dorsal ectoderm, promote r1 tissue identity, and regulate the production of ventral neuronal
Rhombomere
Mammalian protein found in humans
develop mesoderm and initiate gastrulation. Early embryos endomesoderm specification also involves the activation of the β-catenin dependent transcriptional
Catenin_beta-1
Death of a cell mediated by intracellular program, often as part of development
lineages. Cell death in arthropods occurs first in the nervous system when ectoderm cells differentiate and one daughter cell becomes a neuroblast and the
Programmed_cell_death
Mammalian protein found in humans
to become virtually any cell of any of the three germ layers (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm). It is for this reason that understanding the mechanisms that
Homeobox_protein_NANOG
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
stem cell differentiation involved in prostate gland acinus development ectoderm and mesoderm interaction cellular response to DNA damage stimulus female
TP63
of development), the human embryo is organized into three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. The tubular heart forms primarily from splanchnic
Tubular_heart
development in the proximal epiblast located near the extra-embryonic ectoderm by the release of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and BMP8b. These
Gonocyte
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
third immunoglobulin-like domain. FGFR2IIIb is predominantly found in ectoderm derived tissues and endothelial organ lining, i.e. skin and internal organs
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2
Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_2
Species of annelid
embryo. Fate map studies have demonstrated that cell 2d gives rise to ectoderm in the larval trunk and pygidium in C. teleta, while descendants of the
Capitella_teleta
InterPro Family
mesenchymal to epithelial transition. Wnt-6 is expressed by the overlying ectoderm and promotes the production of Paraxis, which facilitates the transition
Protein_Wnt-6
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
a transcription factor. As a zygote becomes a gastrula, the embryonic ectoderm differentiates into these neural crest cells, which give rise to many structures
GBX2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
FGF8 acts in coordination with retinoic acid (RA) to direct organ specification. Low levels of FGF8 promote the formation of anterior endodermal derivatives
Fibroblast_growth_factor_8
Protein-coding gene in humans
tubules mesonephric duct optic stalk ureteric bud otic placode neural ectoderm epithelium of epididymis Gray matter of spinal cord optic recess More reference
PAX2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
mouse models, Mafb mRNA and protein were detected in both craniofacial ectoderm and neural crest-derived mesoderm between embryonic days 13.5 and 14.5;
MAFB_(gene)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
of Spemann’s Organizer. This organizer prevents BMP-4 from inducing the ectoderm in the future head region of the embryo to become epidermis; it instead
Homeobox_protein_goosecoid
Line of stem cells for research
layers, mesoderm, endoderm and ectoderm. In vivo, the nervous system, including myelin, is generated from the ectoderm. To recapitulate this in vitro
Myelinoid
Transcription factor gene of the regulatory factor X family
thus, restricting the expression of the beta-cell differentiation and specification genes. Mutations in this gene are associated with Mitchell-Riley syndrome
RFX6
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
Boy/Male
Biblical
Rest, a leader.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, French, Hebrew, Latin, Polish, Spanish
Drawn out of the Water; Spanish Form of Moses from the Water
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
A Bird; Parrot: Beautiful; Prosperity
Girl/Female
Hindu
Eternal beauty
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, Gaelic, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Irish
Stranger; Fist; Exile; Gift; Variant of Dorran Stranger
Boy/Male
Biblical
A carpenter.
Boy/Male
Scottish
From the winding valley.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Self Restrained
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
From the Vedas; Part of the Sacred Knowledge
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
ECTODERM SPECIFICATION
n.
A suffix or terminal formative, much used in anatomical terms, and signifying skin, integument, covering; as, blastoderm, ectoderm, etc.
n.
A thin gelatinous tissue separating the ectoderm and endoderm in certain coelenterates.
n. pl.
Those animals in which the protoplasmic mass, constituting the egg, is converted into a multitude of cells, which are metamorphosed into the tissues of the body. A central cavity is commonly developed, and the cells around it are at first arranged in two layers, -- the ectoderm and endoderm. The group comprises nearly all animals except the Protozoa.
n.
The outer layer of the blastoderm; the ectoderm. See Blastoderm, Delamination.
a.
Relating to, or connected with, the two primitive germ layers, the ectoderm and ectoderm; as, the "ectental line" or line of juncture of the two layers in the segmentation of the ovum.
n.
The inner layer of the skin or integument of an animal.
a.
Relating to the entoderm.
n.
The outer layer of the blastoderm; epiblast.
n.
The ectoderm of a sponge.
n.
The more transparent cells, which finally become external, in many segmenting ova, as those of mammals.
n.
See Endoderm, and Illust. of Blastoderm.
a.
Of or pertaining to the endoderm.
a.
Alt. of Ectodermic
n.
The outer layer of the blastoderm; the epiblast; the ectoderm.
n.
The inner germ layer; endoderm. See Nucleolus.
n.
The external skin or outer layer of an animal or plant, this being formed in an animal from the epiblast. See Illust. of Blastoderm.
n.
The innermost layer of the blastoderm and the structures derived from it; the hypoblast; the entoblast. See Illust. of Ectoderm.
n.
The inner or lower layer of the blastoderm; -- called also endoderm, entoderm, and sometimes hypoderm. See Illust. of Blastoderm, Delamination, and Ectoderm.
n.
The layer of the blastoderm, between the ectoderm and endoderm; mesoblast. See Illust. of Blastoderm and Ectoderm.
a.
Of or relating to the ectoderm.