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Lines radiating from bright light sources in photographs
fine these support rods are, they diffract the incoming light from a subject star. This appears as diffraction spikes, which are the Fourier transform
Diffraction_spike
First operational image from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope
right, diffraction from the three struts creates six spikes, but four of these are designed to co-align with the spikes created from the diffraction caused
Webb's_First_Deep_Field
Interference phenomenon of waves
diffraction Diffraction from slits Diffraction spike Diffraction vs. interference Diffractive solar sail Diffractometer Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction Fiber
Diffraction
Optical component which splits light into several beams
efficiency Diffraction from slits Diffraction spike Diffractive solar sail Echelle grating Fraunhofer diffraction Fraunhofer diffraction (mathematics)
Diffraction_grating
Array of smaller mirrors designed to act as one large curved mirror
with segmented mirrors also exhibit diffraction spikes due to diffraction from the mirrors' edges. As before, two spikes are perpendicular to each edge orientation
Segmented_mirror
Telescope focusing device
angled diffraction spikes at the focal plane of the instrument for each bright image element. As the instrument's focus is changed, the central spike appears
Bahtinov_mask
First and last hour of sunlight during the day
creating intriguing golden hour photography opportunities like this diffraction spike in an urban canyon. Similar phenomena (such as Manhattanhenge) occur
Golden_hour_(photography)
Star polygon
is U+2733. The 8-pointed diffraction spikes of the star images from the James Webb Space Telescope are due to the diffraction caused by the hexagonal shape
Octagram
Thin opaque structure with an opening (aperture) at its center
number of diffraction spikes converging from a light source or bright reflection. For an odd number of blades, there are twice as many spikes as there
Diaphragm_(optics)
Feature of total and annular solar eclipses
total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, in Ravenna, Nebraska. (The diffraction spikes emanating tangentially from the diamond are an artifact of the camera
Baily's_beads
Image artifact in a lens system
appears. This artifact is formed by internal diffraction on the image sensor, which acts like a diffraction grating. Unlike true lens flare, this artifact
Lens_flare
Telescope focusing device
spacing between the elongated spikes on the left and the right. A negative image can sometimes show the diffraction spikes more clearly. The enlarged view
Carey_mask
Layer of gasses surrounding the moon Triton
Triton represents a visible light wavelength of 1.40 microns. The diffraction spike pattern is a consequence of the bright light bending around the edges
Atmosphere_of_Triton
Polygons as symbolic elements
interior. The name is derived from the polygon's similarity to the diffraction spikes of astronomical stars, but specific uses may exploit the connection
Star polygons in art and culture
Star_polygons_in_art_and_culture
Topics referred to by the same term
filter that creates patterns of lines to radiate from bright points Diffraction spike, or a line radiating from a bright light source that can occur in
Starburst
Telescopes which utilize curved mirrors to form an image
causes a loss in contrast in the image due to diffraction effects of the obstruction as well as diffraction spikes caused by most secondary support structures
Reflecting_telescope
Type of reflective prism
a porro prism erecting system. This roof edge diffraction effect may also be seen as a diffraction spike perpendicular to the roof edge generated by bright
Roof_prism
Catadioptric telescope design
secondary and eliminates the need for a 'spider' that would cause diffraction spikes. The disadvantage is that, if all spherical surfaces are used, such
Maksutov_telescope
Type of reflecting telescope
secondary mirror in the light path. This obstruction and also the diffraction spikes caused by the support structure (called the "spider") of the secondary
Newtonian_telescope
NASA/ESA/CSA space telescope launched in 2021
stabilization. Point light sources in images taken by Webb have six diffraction spikes plus two fainter ones, due to the hexagonal shape of the primary mirror
James_Webb_Space_Telescope
Combination of concave and convex mirrors
addition, the support for the secondary (the spider) may introduce diffraction spikes in images. The radii of curvature of the primary and secondary mirrors
Cassegrain_reflector
Any error in the perception or representation of information
Diffraction spikes and the Airy disk are optical artifacts caused by the diffraction of light through the aperture of an optical system.
Artifact_(error)
Nearest star to the Solar System
refine its mass. While doing so, the team found another radial velocity spike with a periodicity of 5.15 days. They estimated that if it were a planetary
Proxima_Centauri
Material which alters light reflection or transmission on optics
a porro prism erecting system. This roof edge diffraction effect may also be seen as a diffraction spike perpendicular to the roof edge generated by bright
Optical_coating
Compact region at a galaxy's center with abnormally high luminosity
left of the bright quasar, and the four straight lines pointing outward from the central source are diffraction spikes caused by the telescope optics.
Active_galactic_nucleus
Community area in Chicago, Illinois
A diffraction spike over the Metra Electric District tracks at 53rd Street with East Park Towers and 5252 South Cornell in the foreground.
Hyde_Park,_Chicago
Brightest star in Earth's night sky
and Sirius B. The white dwarf can be seen to the lower left. The diffraction spikes and concentric rings are instrumental effects. Sirius B is approximately
Sirius
Specialized Cassegrain telescope
addition, the support for the secondary (the spider) may introduce diffraction spikes in images. The radii of curvature of the primary and secondary mirrors
Ritchey–Chrétien_telescope
Hyperluminous quasar in the constellation Pisces
visible in the center as a pale pink light-source with six prominent diffraction spikes. Observation data (Epoch J2000.0) Constellation Pisces Right ascension
SDSS_J0100+2802
Eruption of electromagnetic radiation
Image artifacts (diffraction spikes and vertical streaks) appearing in a CCD image of a major solar flare due to the excess incident radiation
Solar_flare
Regular non-convex polygon
name star polygon reflects the resemblance of these shapes to the diffraction spikes of real stars. A regular star polygon is a self-intersecting, equilateral
Star_polygon
reflectance model Differential group delay Diffraction Diffraction grating Diffraction spike Diffractive optics Digital handheld refractometer Dispersion
Index_of_optics_articles
Small natural satellite of Pluto
15 February 2006 and 25 June 2010, though Kerberos was obscured by diffraction spikes in those images. Kerberos's brightness is only about 10% of that of
Kerberos_(moon)
Scientific study of the origin, evolution, and eventual fate of the universe
1086/143018. Martin, G. (1883). "G. DELSAULX. — Sur une propriété de la diffraction des ondes planes; Annales de la Société scientifique de Bruxelles; 1882"
Cosmology
Luminous blue variable star in the constellation Sagittarius
left edge of this image of the Quintuplet Cluster, with only its diffraction spikes visible. Credit: HST\NIMCOS (WFC3) Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox
V4650_Sagittarii
Element of a reflecting telescope which focuses light gathered by the primary mirror
distortion from the spider mounts, commonly seen as cross-shaped diffraction spikes radiating from bright stars seen in astronomical images. For large
Secondary_mirror
Galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus
NGC 7469 as imaged by the James Webb Space Telescope. The bright nucleus has caused a diffraction spike that looks like a six-pointed star.
NGC_7469
NASA flyby mission to asteroid Braille and Comet Borrelly (1998–2001)
or were difficult to identify because of brighter objects causing diffraction spikes and reflections in the camera, causing Autonav to misidentify targets
Deep_Space_1
Physical implementation of an artificial neural network with optical components
these systems encode information in the networks using spikes, mimicking the functionality of spiking neural networks in optical and photonic hardware. Photonic
Optical_neural_network
Galaxy pair in the constellation Cetus
core of the galaxy merger turns out to be both very bright and highly compact, so much so that diffraction spikes appear atop the galaxy in this image.
IC_1623
Galaxy in the constellation Pisces
objects (1–1000) Nemiroff, Robert; Bonnell, Jerry (15 April 2001). "Diffraction Spikes: When Stars Look Like Crosses". Astronomy Photo of the Day. Astrophysics
NGC_676
Type of telescope
lenses, thus eliminating the spider mount. This eliminates star image diffraction spikes, caused by the vanes of the spider mount. By definition, a "corrector
Lurie–Houghton_telescope
pressure called the von Neumann spike. At the von Neumann spike point the explosive still remains unreacted. The spike marks the onset of the zone of exothermic
ZND_detonation_model
Catalog of stars
many of the false objects due to artifacts around the halos and diffraction spikes of the bright stars were identified and corrected as well as a number
Guide_Star_Catalog
Star in the constellation Monoceros
HD 50064 is the bright star (yellowish with visible diffraction spikes) to the south of NGC 2301
HD_50064
Witwicky - Transformers Wiki". tfwiki.net. Retrieved February 14, 2025. "Spike Witwicky (G1) - Transformers Wiki". tfwiki.net. Retrieved February 14, 2025
List of The Transformers characters
List_of_The_Transformers_characters
Quasar in the constellation of Serpens
from it. The nucleus of the galaxy is described as luminous with diffraction spikes produced through near-infrared imaging. Further evidence also showed
3C_323.1
States of matter for water as a solid
structure is stable down to −268 °C (5 K; −450 °F), as evidenced by x-ray diffraction and extremely high resolution thermal expansion measurements. Ice Ih
Phases_of_ice
2021 single by St. Vincent
downtown New York with hazy spotlights, kaleidoscope camera effects, and diffraction spikes. The video opens to show Clark playing a piano. In it, Clark is seen
Pay_Your_Way_in_Pain
Type of off-axis reflecting telescope
intensity of captured light and cause diffraction. The diffraction causes artifacts such as the radial spikes that project from images of bright stars
Schiefspiegler
Emission of surface atoms through energetic particle bombardment
as a many-body process. The dense collisions induce a heat spike (also called thermal spike), which essentially melts a small portion of the crystal. If
Sputtering
Ionizing radiation that presents as free neutrons
thermal, and hot neutron radiation is most commonly used in scattering and diffraction experiments, to assess the properties and the structure of materials
Neutron_radiation
Visual effect whose source is within the eye itself
osmotic pressure. Others may be chains of red blood cells stuck together; diffraction patterns can be seen around these.[2] Others may be "coagula of the proteins
Entoptic_phenomenon
Material placed in front of an X-ray source
X-ray diffraction, in determinations of the interatomic spaces of crystalline solids. These lattice spacings can be determined using Bragg diffraction, but
X-ray_filter
American optical engineer and popularizer of amateur telescope making
eliminating the need for a secondary support that would otherwise cause diffraction spikes in the image. Most Maksutov telescopes manufactured today are of this
John_F._Gregory
London, England X-ray crystallograph The photograph depicts an X-ray diffraction image providing key to DNA structure. Image restricted due to copyright
List of photographs considered the most important
List_of_photographs_considered_the_most_important
State of matter
diffraction. Under normal conditions, the diffraction pattern has circular symmetry, expressing the isotropy of the liquid. Radially, the diffraction
Liquid
Unexpectedly large transient ocean surface wave
Plunging or breaking waves are known to cause short-lived impulse pressure spikes called Gifle peaks. These can reach pressures of 200 kPa (2.0 bar; 29 psi)
Rogue_wave
Form of electromagnetic radiation
Max von Laue, Paul Knipping, and Walter Friedrich first observed the diffraction of X-rays by crystals. This discovery, along with the early work of Paul
X-ray
Converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound
Since sound in this frequency range can easily bend around corners by diffraction, the speaker aperture does not have to face the audience, and subwoofers
Loudspeaker
Fourier series Fraunhofer diffraction Fraunhofer distance Freak wave French New Wave Frequency Frequency modulation Fresnel diffraction Fresnel equations Fresnel
Index_of_wave_articles
1563 painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder
Meg” by Pieter Bruegel the Elder using mobile X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrometers, Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
Dull_Gret
Re-arrangement of viral components into solid crystal particles
lattice. Diffraction patterns depend on internal order within the crystal. High internal order with dense arrangements produce more extensive diffraction patterns
Virus_crystallisation
American contemporary folk musician (born 1941)
November 3, 2013. Albert V. Baez (June 7, 1952). "Resolving Power in Diffraction Microscopy with Special Reference to X-Rays" Archived September 19, 2011
Joan_Baez
Branch of machine learning
Sampling: A Model for Stochastic Computation in Recurrent Networks of Spiking Neurons". PLOS Computational Biology. 7 (11) e1002211. Bibcode:2011PLSCB
Deep_learning
Type of image noise
intensity. When a surface is illuminated by a light wave, according to diffraction theory, each point on an illuminated surface acts as a source of secondary
Speckle_(interference)
Type of weapon that fires a concentrated beam of energy at its target
precise and extends the range to line-of-sight, limited only by beam diffraction and spread (which dilute the power and weaken the effect), and absorption
Directed-energy_weapon
American psychologist (1920–1996)
Mitchell, Chris (October 1, 1997). "Timothy Leary: Design For Dying". Spike Magazine. Archived from the original on December 9, 2014. Retrieved February
Timothy_Leary
Kind of microscopy
used to eliminate unwanted diffraction. Diffraction is eliminated by the transform lens that creates a Fraunhofer diffraction pattern from the reflected
Lattice light-sheet microscopy
Lattice_light-sheet_microscopy
Optical phenomenon
013844. Berry, M V (2004-04-01). "Conical diffraction asymptotics: fine structure of Poggendorff rings and axial spike". Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied
Conical_refraction
Object detection system using radio waves
aircraft. These precautions do not totally eliminate reflection because of diffraction, especially at longer wavelengths. Half wavelength long wires or strips
Radar
Family of demersal cephalopod
guanine. When illuminated, they reflect iridescent colors because of the diffraction of light within the stacked plates. Orientation of the chemochromes determines
Cuttlefish
Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 1 m to 1 mm
lenses made of paraffin, sulfur and pitch and wire diffraction gratings, to refract and diffract radio waves like light rays. Hertz used frequencies
Microwave
Classification of stars based on spectral properties
radiation from the star is analyzed by splitting it with a prism or diffraction grating into a spectrum exhibiting the rainbow of colors interspersed
Stellar_classification
Foundational principle in quantum physics
by Fourier analysis, for example in sound waves: A pure tone is a sharp spike at a single frequency, while its Fourier transform gives the shape of the
Uncertainty_principle
Quantum interpretation of neuroscience
cross-sections.[5] Pribram proposed that neural holograms were formed by the diffraction patterns of oscillating electric waves within the cortex. Representation
Holonomic_brain_theory
Historical form of cavalry
study of two harquebusier breastplates using time-of-flight neutron diffraction, Physica B: Condensed Matter, Volumes 385–386, Part 1, 15 November 2006
Harquebusier
Peptide hormone
may even be slightly over-corrected) by the end of the test. An insulin spike is a 'first response' to blood glucose increase, this response is individual
Insulin
Form of error in digital signals; spurious signals near sharp transitions
unintended artifacts in frequency domain signal processing. Fraunhofer diffraction yields the Airy disk as point spread function, which has a ringing pattern
Ringing_artifacts
1960s subculture
Company came on stage, and six thousand people arrived to imbibe punch spiked with LSD and to witness one of the first fully developed light shows of
Hippie
Form of electric spacecraft propulsion
velocity. The anode is at one end of a cylindrical tube. In the center is a spike that is wound to produce a radial magnetic field between it and the surrounding
Ion_thruster
Study of past and present water on Mars
previously been identified from orbit. In October 2012, the first X-ray diffraction analysis of a Martian soil was performed by Curiosity. The results revealed
Water_on_Mars
discoveries in the field of optics, he was the first to describe the diffraction of light Nicola Guarino (born 1954), scientist, co-inventor with Chris
List_of_people_from_Italy
Public university in South Australia
Lawrence (1967) [6 September 1922]. Written at Stockholm, Sweden. "The diffraction of X-rays by crystals" (PDF). Les Prix Nobel (The Nobel Foundation) via
University_of_Adelaide
Region of England
would win the Nobel Prize for Physics 1937 for discovering electron diffraction (at the University of Aberdeen). John Dalton, from Cumbria and moved
North_West_England
Type of electric propulsion system
150 and 800 volts is applied between the anode and cathode. The central spike forms one pole of an electromagnet and is surrounded by an annular space
Hall-effect_thruster
LSD experiments/parties in the 1960s
Holding Company came on stage. Further, 6,000 people arrived to drink punch spiked with LSD and to witness one of the first fully developed light shows of
Acid_Tests
Cultural scene in 1980s–1990s Manchester
for the week of 23 May 1992. On 27 May 1990, the Stone Roses performed at Spike Island in Widnes, supported by DJs Frankie Bones, Dave Haslam, Alfonso Buller
Madchester
Lamp using fluorescence to produce light
a lower arc voltage than the instant start design; no inductive voltage spike is produced for starting, so the lamps must be mounted near a grounded (earthed)
Fluorescent_lamp
Hypothetical black hole formed soon after the Big Bang
Additionally, models involving multiple scalar fields can produce sharp spikes in density fluctuations through dynamic interactions, such as rapid turns
Primordial_black_hole
Public university in South Australia
15 July 2024. Bragg, William Lawrence (1967) [6 September 1922]. "The diffraction of X-rays by crystals" (PDF). Nobel Prize. Archived (PDF) from the original
Adelaide_University
American crystallographer (1903–1986)
PMID 16577920. Buerger MJ (November 1940). "The Correction of X-Ray Diffraction Intensities for Lorentz and Polarization Factors". Proceedings of the
Martin_Julian_Buerger
UK scientific laboratory
particle analysis, Cryogenic electron tomography, and Microcrystal electron diffraction. eBIC's imaging facilities have contibuted to vaccine development, including
Electron_Bio-Imaging_Centre
Self-propulsion of a person over ice, wearing bladed skates
"Molecular surface structure of ice(0001): dynamical low-energy electron diffraction, total-energy calculations and molecular dynamics simulations". Surface
Ice_skating
multi-dimensional and correlated datasets from various spectroscopies, diffraction, microscopy, and imaging techniques (.csdf, .csdfe). NetCDF – Network
List_of_file_formats
a laser scanning fluorescence microscope Frame-dragging Fraunhofer diffraction Free-electron laser Free-space optical communication Frequency Addition
List_of_laser_articles
Public university in Atlanta, Georgia, US
assistant in the School of Physics in 1969 by Dr. Ray Young in X-Ray Diffraction, became the first female faculty member (research) in the School of Physics
Georgia_Tech
Group of highly reactive chemical elements
Transition-Metal-Doped Derivatives, Li3−x−yMxN (M= Ni, Cu): A Powder Neutron Diffraction Study". Chem. Mater. 14 (5): 2063–2070. doi:10.1021/cm010718t. Fischer
Alkali_metal
3–30 kHz range of the electromagnetic spectrum
with submarines. Because of their long wavelengths, VLF radio waves can diffract around large obstacles and so are not blocked by mountain ranges, and they
Very_low_frequency
Quantifying the behaviour of loudspeakers
unblocked, and any rear-mounted amplifier must be allowed cooling air. Diffraction from the edges of the enclosure is reduced, creating a repeatable and
Loudspeaker_measurement
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Spike.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Spike or ear of corn.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from northern Middle English gad ‘goad’, ‘spike’, ‘sting’ (Old Norse gaddr), hence a metonymic occupational name for a cattle driver or, more likely, a nickname for a persistent and irritating person. The Old Norse word is attested as a byname (see Gadsby).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English spike ‘spike’; perhaps a nickname for a tall, thin person.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English pile ‘stake’, ‘post’ (via Old English from Latin pilum ‘spike’, ‘javelin’), hence a topographic name for someone who lived near a stake or post serving as a landmark or a metonymic occupational name for a stake maker or a nickname for a tall strong man.Dutch : metonymic occupational name for a marksman or an arrowsmith, from pijl ‘arrow’.
Girl/Female
Arabic
Ear; Spike of Grain
Boy/Male
Australian, Finnish, German, Irish, Polish, Portuguese, Slavic, Swedish
Fame; Glory; Careful; Spike; Ear of Corn; Famous for his Stead-fast Character; Strength; Stone; Glorious Camp or Stand
Male
English
English byname transferred to forename use, SPIKE means "spiky hair."
Biblical
spike or ear of corn
Girl/Female
Arabic
Ear; Spike of Grain
Boy/Male
African, American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, Jamaican
Long; Heavy Nail; Spike
Boy/Male
British, English
Spike of Grain
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name, possibly from Tineley in Northumberland, thought to be named with Old English tind ‘tine’, ‘spike’ + lēah ‘forest clearing’, or possibly from Teenley, in West Yorkshire, which is recorded in 1538 as Tyndeley and may be named as ‘burnt (Middle English tend) clearing’.
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Serpent Eyed
Boy/Male
English Italian
Timekeeper. Derived from the Roman clan name Horatius.
Male
Greek
Variant spelling of Greek Amarantos, AMARANDOS means "unfading."
Girl/Female
English Greek
Sparkling. 'K' from the Greek spelling of krystallos.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Goddess Saraswati, Indras second wife
Boy/Male
Indian
One who loves lords feet
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Telugu
God; Happy; Pleasure
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Son of Siva
Girl/Female
German, Swedish
Noble; Strong
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Goddess Saraswati
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
DIFFRACTION SPIKE
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Diffract
n.
A state of being distracted; distraction.
n.
A diversity of direction; detachment.
n.
State in which the attention is called in different ways; confusion; perplexity.
n.
A system of close equidistant and parallel lines lines or bars, especially lines ruled on a polished surface, used for producing spectra by diffraction; -- called also diffraction grating.
a.
That produces diffraction.
n.
Violent distraction of mind; violent emotion; excessive grief of anxiety; insanity; madness.
n.
The act of distracting; a drawing apart; separation.
n.
That which diverts attention; a diversion.
n.
Derangement of the mind; madness.
n.
Same as Diffraction.
n.
A deviation of the rays of light toward the surface of an opaque body; inflection; diffraction.
n.
A blowing apart or away.
n.
The deflection and decomposition of light in passing by the edges of opaque bodies or through narrow slits, causing the appearance of parallel bands or fringes of prismatic colors, as by the action of a grating of fine lines or bars.
n.
Agitation from violent emotions; perturbation of mind; despair.
n.
The act of infracting or breaking; breach; violation; nonobservance; infringement; as, an infraction of a treaty, compact, rule, or law.
superl.
Proceeding from, or indicating, madness; expressing distraction; prompted by infatuation, fury, or extreme rashness.
n.
One of a number of light or dark bands, produced by the interference of light; a diffraction band; -- called also interference fringe.
n.
Confusion of affairs; tumult; disorder; as, political distractions.
n.
Any violent agitation of the mind approaching to distraction; violent and temporary derangement of the mental faculties; madness; rage.