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Classification of stars based on spectral properties
In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their spectral characteristics. Electromagnetic radiation from the star is
Stellar_classification
Measurement of radiant electromagnetic power emitted by an object
reddening from the interstellar medium. In the current system of stellar classification, stars are grouped according to temperature, with the massive, very
Luminosity
Scatter plot of stars showing the relationship of luminosity to stellar classification
between the stars' absolute magnitudes or luminosities and their stellar classifications or effective temperatures. It is also sometimes called a color
Hertzsprung–Russell_diagram
Large self-illuminated object in space
classifying stars into spectral types. The modern version of the stellar classification scheme was developed by Annie J. Cannon during the early 1900s.
Star
Changes to stars over their lifespans
Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over the course of time. Depending on the mass of the star, its lifetime can range from a few
Stellar_evolution
Natural physical entity in space
called the main-sequence stars on the diagram. A refined scheme for stellar classification was published in 1943 by William Wilson Morgan and Philip Childs
Astronomical_object
Type of telescope
as reference points for deep-space imaging. Astrographs used for stellar classification sometimes consist of two identical telescopes on the same mount
Astrograph
Subfield of astronomy
1885, Edward C. Pickering undertook an ambitious program of stellar spectral classification at Harvard College Observatory, in which a team of woman computers
Astrophysics
Variable star
occulted by the moon and planets. This is a G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G6/8III. With an estimated age of 282 million years, it is an
Omega2_Scorpii
American astronomer (1925–2018)
an American astronomer who made important contributions to stellar classification and stellar motions. The first female executive at NASA, Roman served
Nancy_Roman
American astronomer (1863–1941)
development of contemporary stellar classification. With Edward C. Pickering, she is credited with the creation of the Harvard Classification Scheme, which was
Annie_Jump_Cannon
Star in the constellation Virgo
studies have given various different values. The primary star has a stellar classification of B1III-IV. The luminosity class matches the spectrum of a star
Spica
Star that is particularly similar to the Sun
solar twins are stars that are particularly similar to the Sun. The stellar classification is a hierarchy with solar twin being most like the Sun followed
Solar_analog
spectral classification scheme is a two-dimensional classification based on temperature and luminosity. stellar designation stellar dynamics stellar envelope
Glossary_of_astronomy
Topics referred to by the same term
Germany The Morgan-Keenan-Kellman system, a stellar classification system also known as Yerkes spectral classification Search for "mkk" , "m-kk", "mk-k", or
MKK_(disambiguation)
Stellar classification distinguished by bright blue luminosity
Bibcode:1908AnHar..50....1P. Gray, C. Richard O.; Corbally, J. (2009). Stellar Spectral Classification. Princeton University Press. pp. 115–122. ISBN 978-0691125114
B-type_main-sequence_star
Topics referred to by the same term
moving particle between successive collisions Luminosity Class L, a stellar classification Galactic longitude (l), in the galactic coordinate system Avogadro
L_(disambiguation)
Brightest star in the constellation Eridanus
orbit. This appears to be an A-type star in the stellar classification range A0V–A3V, which suggests a stellar mass of about double that of the Sun. The separation
Achernar
Star in the constellation Triangulum Australe
star to evolve away from the main sequence. N. Covacs give Atria a stellar classification of K2IIb-IIIa, with the luminosity class indicating an evolutionary
Alpha_Trianguli_Australis
Telescope accessory used to improve details of viewed objects
measurements which reveal objects' astrophysical properties, such as stellar classification and placement of a celestial body on its Wien curve. Most astronomical
Astronomical_filter
Triple-star system in the constellation Scorpius
system, Gliese 667 A (GJ 667 A), is a K-type main-sequence star of stellar classification K3V. It has about 65% of the mass of the Sun and 76% of the Sun's
Gliese_667
Development of classes and classifications
universal medical code numbers Stellar classification in astronomy Taxonomic classification, also known as classification of species Cladistics, an approach
Taxonomy
Stellar classification
An O-type star is a hot, blue star of spectral type O in the Yerkes classification system employed by astronomers. They have surface temperatures in excess
O-type_star
Binary stellar systems in the constellation Monoceros
70,000 years ago in a stellar encounter, and dubbed it Scholz's Star. The primary is a red dwarf with a stellar classification of M9±1 and 86±2 Jupiter
Scholz's_Star
Star in the constellation Eridanus
in the constellation Eridanus. It is a main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G6 V, and it hosts a system of three confirmed planets and a
82_G._Eridani
Topics referred to by the same term
Officer Corps Tetraoxygen (O4), oxozone a class of stars in the stellar classification Otoyol 4, a highway from Istanbul to Ankara, Turkey Martin XO-4
O4
American astronomer (1866–1952)
She published an important early catalog of stellar spectra using her own system of stellar classification, which was later adopted by the International
Antonia_Maury
Stars with a supergiant luminosity class with a spectral type of K or M
stars with a supergiant luminosity class (Yerkes class I) and a stellar classification K or M. They are the largest stars in the universe in terms of volume
Red_supergiant
Topics referred to by the same term
an effect in transistor physics Early, a synonym for hotter in stellar classification Search for "early" on Wikipedia. All pages with titles beginning
Early
Star in the constellation Lyra
over time. When its resulting stellar classification enters a range known as the instability strip—typically at stellar class A—the outer envelope can
RR_Lyrae
astronomy Stellar atmosphere Stellar birthline Stellar black hole Stellar cartography Stellar chemistry Stellar chonography Stellar classification Stellar cluster
List_of_stellar_properties
Suspected binary star system in the constellation Carina
stars. The visible component is an aging bright giant star with a stellar classification of B8/9II. The spectrum of the star displays metallic lines of magnesium
HD_76728
Open cluster in the constellation Auriga
dozen red giants and its hottest surviving main sequence star is of stellar classification B9 V. The abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium,
Messier_37
typically around 6.5 apparent magnitude. The known 133 objects are bound in 95 stellar systems. Of those, 103 are main sequence stars: 78 red dwarfs and 25 "typical"
List_of_nearest_stars
List of astronomy acronyms Astronomical symbols Stellar classification Galaxy morphological classification List of astronomical catalogues Glossary of astronomy
List of common astronomy symbols
List_of_common_astronomy_symbols
Topics referred to by the same term
specific G-4 or G-6), a relatively poor grade of collectable coin G, a stellar classification for yellowish stars G, part of a provisional designation in astronomy
G_(disambiguation)
Stellar classification
this particular scenario would be the more intense light and the shorter stellar lifespan of the home star. F-type stars are known to emit much higher energy
F-type_main-sequence_star
Star in the constellation Eridanus
traversing the sky at the rate of 0.765 arcseconds per year. The stellar classification of GJ 180 is catalogued as M2V or M3V, depending on the study, which
Gliese_180
Branch of astrophysics
Stellar dynamics is the branch of astrophysics which describes in a statistical way the collective motions of stars subject to their mutual gravity. The
Stellar_dynamics
Topics referred to by the same term
star or bluestar may refer to: O-type star (a.k.a. blue star), a stellar classification Linckia laevigata, a sea star from the Indian and West Pacific Oceans
Blue_star
Stellar classification
and white dwarfs which are much more common, the last of which being stellar remnants). A G-type main-sequence star with the mass of the Sun will fuse
G-type_main-sequence_star
Stellar classification
2020–2026. Retrieved 2026-01-15. E. Mamajek (2022-04-16). "A Modern Mean Dwarf Stellar Color and Effective Temperature Sequence". Retrieved 2022-05-14. Steigerwald
K-type_main-sequence_star
Structure of stars
Stellar structure models describe the internal structure of a star in detail and make predictions about the luminosity, the color and the future evolution
Stellar_structure
Star in the constellation Crux
radial velocity of −4.60 km/s. This is a giant star of type K with a stellar classification of K3III, indicating that it has exhausted the hydrogen at its core
Epsilon_Crucis
Star in the constellation Leo Minor
+18.5 km/s. This is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A3Vn, where the 'n' suffix indicates "nebulous" (broadened) lines
41_Leonis_Minoris
Star in the constellation Canis Minor
them as close as 8.9 AU and as far as 21.0 AU. The primary has a stellar classification of F5IV–V, indicating that it is a late-stage F-type main-sequence
Procyon
Star cluster in the constellation of Taurus
Hertzsprung–Russell diagram for the cluster with theoretical models of stellar evolution. Using this technique, ages for the Pleiades of between 75 and
Pleiades
Topics referred to by the same term
Y-chromosomal Adam and Haplogroup A (Y-DNA) A0, a subdivision in stellar classification Non-breaking space, which has hexadecimal representation A0 (sometimes
A0
Star in the constellation Camelopardalis
designated component A, is a white-hued A-type subgiant star with a stellar classification of A2 IVn. It is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity
Gamma_Camelopardalis
Topics referred to by the same term
for pyrrolysine an alpha amino acid in biochemistry O-type star, stellar classification for very hot bluish stars O (for Octavius, meaning an eighth of
O_(disambiguation)
Red giant star in the constellation Sagitta
a radial velocity of −34 km/s. This is a red giant star with a stellar classification of M0 III. It is most likely (94% chance) on the red-giant branch
Gamma_Sagittae
A-type main-sequence star in the constellation Taurus
listed as a double star. This is an A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A6 V. It has 2.1 times the mass of the Sun and 2.8 times the
90_Tauri
Topics referred to by the same term
scientific classification system Virus classification, naming and sorting viruses Galaxy morphological classification Stellar classification Categorization
Scientific classification (disambiguation)
Scientific_classification_(disambiguation)
Topics referred to by the same term
A whitish-blue class of stars in the Morgan–Keenan system; see Stellar classification Part of the provisional designation of a comet (e.g., C/1760 A1)
A_(disambiguation)
Star in the constellation Ursa Major
making them a contact binary system. As a result, they have the same stellar classification of F8Vp, which matches the spectrum of a main-sequence star that
W_Ursae_Majoris
Binary star in the constellation Scorpius
(about 33 billion km). Antares is a red supergiant star with a stellar classification of M1.5Iab-Ib, and is indicated to be a spectral standard for that
Antares
Star system in the constellation Ursa Major
The primary component of this putative system has a published stellar classification of F6 IV, indicating it is a subgiant star that is evolving away
Theta_Ursae_Majoris
Binary star in the constellation Crux
two F-type main-sequence stars with similar masses and a matching stellar classification of F5 V. Their orbital period is less than 100 days. A distant circumbinary
HD_106906
Suspected spectroscopic binary
radial velocity of almost 18 km/s. The visible component has a stellar classification of K2 III, indicating that it is a red giant. As a consequence,
HD_92209
Star in the constellation Ursa Minor
drifting further closer with a radial velocity of about –13 km/s. The stellar classification of Zeta UMi is A3Vn, a notation that indicates this is an A-type
Zeta_Ursae_Minoris
Binary star in the constellation Sagittarius
Earth. It is receding with a radial velocity of +21.5 km/s. The stellar classification of this star has been rated at B8.5 III, with the luminosity class
Phi_Sagittarii
Team of women who processed astronomical data
activity made her famous in her own lifetime, and she produced a stellar classification system that is still in use today. Antonia Maury discerned in the
Harvard_Computers
Star in the constellation Centaurus
located at a distance of around 306 light-years (94 parsecs). The stellar classification of this star is B1.5 Vne, indicating that it is a B-type main sequence
Eta_Centauri
Star in the constellation Virgo
sphere at the rate of 0.621 arc seconds per annum. This object has a stellar classification of G4 V-IV, being rather unusually bright for a main sequence star
70_Virginis
Star in the constellation Centaurus
star with 8.2 times the mass of the Sun. The spectrum matches a stellar classification of B1 III, indicating this is an evolved giant star. It is radiating
Epsilon_Centauri
Astronomical star catalogue
forth. Between 1910 and 1915, new discoveries increased interest in stellar classification, and work on the Henry Draper Catalogue itself started in 1911.
Henry_Draper_Catalogue
SI unit of temperature
required to match "daylight" film emulsions. In astronomy, the stellar classification of stars and their place on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram are
Kelvin
Star system in the constellation Perseus
component has about 6–13% of the primary's mass and may have a stellar classification in the range from A6 V to K1 V. There may be a third component to
Epsilon_Persei
Star in the constellation Serpens
constellation Serpens and has a below naked-eye visual magnitude of 9.69. A stellar classification of K7 Vk means it is a small main-sequence star mostly generating
Gliese_710
Red giant star in the constellation Camelopardlis
radial velocity of −5 km/s. This is an evolved red giant star with a stellar classification of M0 III. It is a suspected variable star with a pulsation period
HD_36384
Star in the constellation Apus
it toward the south celestial pole. This is a giant star with a stellar classification of K3IIICN0.5, indicating that this star has consumed the hydrogen
Alpha_Apodis
Topics referred to by the same term
Maersk Line M-class Melbourne tram M-class Sydney tram M class, a stellar classification M class, a class of solar flare Class M (disambiguation) M type
M_class
Topics referred to by the same term
Yellow star may refer to: A yellow star in stellar classification A yellow badge, a cloth patch that Jews were ordered to wear on their clothes Any plant
Yellow_star
Binary star in the constellation Andromeda
Galaxy (M31) to the northeast. The spectrum of this star matches a stellar classification of A5 V, indicating that it is an A-type main sequence star. It
Mu_Andromedae
Quadruple star system in the constellation Hercules
is fairly similar to the Sun although more highly evolved with a stellar classification of G5 IV. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as one
Mu_Herculis
Star in the constellation Aquarius
component, Xi Aquarii A, is an A-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of A7 V. It has about 1.7 times the mass of the Sun and is spinning
Xi_Aquarii
Star of relatively small size and low luminosity
than about 13 Jupiter masses. Chandrasekhar limit Dwarf planet Stellar classification Sub-brown dwarf Subdwarf Ultra-cool dwarf "Glossary term: Dwarf
Dwarf_star
Star in the constellation Libra
belong to any known stellar moving group or association. This is an M-type main-sequence star, a red dwarf, with a stellar classification of M4.0V. The chromosphere
HN_Librae
Star in the Ursa Major constellation
proper motion traversing the sky at the rate of 0.381″ yr−1. The stellar classification of 61 UMa is G8V, matching a late G-type main-sequence star. Since
61_Ursae_Majoris
Correlation among statistics of a star
correlation is independent of spectral type and is applicable to stellar classification main sequence types G, K, and Red giant type M. The greater the
Wilson–Bappu_effect
Binary star system in the constellation Reticulum
characteristics to the Sun, so they are considered solar analogs. Their stellar classification is nearly identical to that of the Sun. ζ1 has 95% of the Sun's
Zeta_Reticuli
Star in the constellation Lacerta
−4.5 km/s. This is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A1 V, which indicates it is generating energy through hydrogen
Alpha_Lacertae
American astronomer (1944–2018)
recognized expert on the topic of hot, massive stars, particularly their stellar classification. Walborn served as a researcher at the Space Telescope Science Institute
Nolan_R._Walborn
Star in the constellation Orion
English: the First Star of Turtle Beak.) Meissa is a giant star with a stellar classification of O9 III and an apparent visible magnitude 3.54. It is an enormous
Meissa
Red dwarf star in the constellation Dorado
thick disk star. This is a small M-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of M3.5V. It has a relatively low activity level for a red dwarf
Gliese_163
Star in the constellation Telescopium
moving at a rate of 437 mas/yr. There have been disagreements in the stellar classification of the object. Two sources give a class of F9 V, indicating that
HD_193307
Star in the constellation Perseus
(160 parsecs) from the Earth. The spectrum of this star matches a stellar classification of B5 III, which indicates it is a giant star that has evolved away
Delta_Persei
Star in the constellation Eridanus
parsecs) distant from the Earth. It is a main sequence star with a stellar classification of K3V. The chromosphere has an effective temperature of about 4
HR_1614
Star in the constellation Antlia
heliocentric radial velocity of 12 km/s. It is a K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K4 III. The evolutionary state of α Antliae is not clear but
Alpha_Antliae
Star in the constellation Auriga
509 light years from the Sun based on stellar parallax. This pre-main-sequence star has a stellar classification of A0Ve, matching an A-type main-sequence
AB_Aurigae
Star in the constellation Eridanus
of 0.300″ yr−1. This was classified as a cool red dwarf star of stellar classification M0 in 1980, while C. B. Stephenson graded it as class K5V in 1986
HIP_12961
Star in the constellation Andromeda
discovered to be orbiting the star. This is a red clump giant with a stellar classification of K0 III, a star that has passed the first-giant branch and is
14_Andromedae
Star in the constellation Centaurus
system appears to be in the subgiant stage of its evolution with a stellar classification of B2.5 IV. It is a large star with nearly 8 times the mass of the
Zeta_Centauri
Star in the constellation Pisces
+19.5 km/s. This is an ordinary K-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of K0 V and no significant variability. The star has 86% of the
HD_3167
Star in the constellation of Hercules
primary, component A, presents as a G-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G2 V. It is considered an excellent solar twin candidate, although
HD_164595
Star in the constellation Sextans
period of 9.1 hours. This is an evolved A-type giant star with a stellar classification of A0 III. It has around 2.5 times the mass of the Sun and three
Alpha_Sextantis
Binary star in the constellation Lupus
apparent magnitude of 3.86. It is a B-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of B9.5 Vne. The 'n' suffix indicates the spectrum shows "nebulous"
Kappa_Lupi
American astronomer (1911–2007)
American astronomer who is known for her work on the Yerkes system of stellar classification, also called the MKK system. Kellman was born in Walworth, Wisconsin
Edith_Kellman
Orange-hued star in the constellation Pegasus
234″ yr−1. This is an ordinary K-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of K2V. The age of the star is poorly constrained, but is estimated
BD+14_4559
Binary star system in the constellation of Sagittarius
of 0.82. The visible component is a G-type subgiant star with a stellar classification of G5 IV. It is three billion years old and is spinning with a projected
Omega_Sagittarii
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
Surname or Lastname
English
English : byname for a valiant or resolute person, from a reduced pronunciation of Middle English stalward, stalworth ‘stalwart’ (an Old English compound of stǣl ‘place’ + wierðe ‘worthy’).
Male
Scottish
Modern form of Scottish Eallair, ELLAR means "superior of a church cell."
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Truely Kind person , Beautiful
Surname or Lastname
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : occupational name for a joiner, from a word of Slavic origin. Compare Polish Stolarz.German (Switzerland and Upper Rhine) : habitational name for someone from a place called Stolle, near Zurich (now called Stollen).English : occupational name for a stole maker, from an agent derivative of Middle English stole ‘stole’.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Little Mountain; Truly; Kind Person; Beautiful
Female
English
English name derived from Latin stella, STELLA means "star."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name from Old French telier ‘weaver’, ‘linen-weaver’.German : variant of Tell 2 and 3.Dutch : occupational name for a teller, a marketplace official.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : either a metonymic occupational name for a dish maker or a nickname, from German Teller, Yiddish teler ‘plate’.Catalan : from a derivative of Tell 4.This name is recorded in Beverwijck in New Netherland (Albany, NY) in the mid 17th century.
Male
Romanian
Romanian form of Greek Stylianos, STELIAN means "pillar."
Girl/Female
Latin Swedish American French
Star.
Girl/Female
Latin Spanish American French
Star.
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Loveable
Female
Esperanto
Esperanto name STELARA means "like a constellation."Â
Female
Romanian
Romanian name derived from Latin stella, STELA means "star."
Surname or Lastname
German
German : nickname for a calm individual, variant of Still 1.English : topographic name for someone who lived by a fish trap in a river (see Still 2).German : habitational name from Still in Alsace.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Truly, Kind person, Beautiful
Girl/Female
Indian
Truly, Kind person, Beautiful
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : topographic name, a variant of Sell 1.English and Scottish : occupational name for a saddler, from Anglo-Norman French seller (Old French sellier, Latin sellarius, a derivative of sella ‘seat’, ‘saddle’).English and Scottish : metonymic occupational name for someone employed in the cellars of a great house or monastery, from Anglo-Norman French celler ‘cellar’ (Old French cellier), or a reduction of the Middle English agent derivative cellerer.English and Scottish : occupational name for a tradesman or merchant, from an agent derivative of Middle English sell(en) ‘to sell’ (Old English sellan ‘to hand over, deliver’).German : probably a habitational name from a place named Sella near Hoyerswerda.
Girl/Female
Latin
From Atella.
Surname or Lastname
English and South German
English and South German : occupational name for a reciter, from an agent derivative of Middle English spell(en), Middle High German spellen ‘to tell or relate’. In the case of the English surname there has probably been some confusion with Spiller.German : habitational name for someone from Spelle near Rheine.Variant of Spiller 1.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English snell ‘quick’, ‘lively’ + the French pejorative suffix -ard.
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
Boy/Male
Australian, Romanian, Turkish
Marvelous
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from (East, South, and, formerly, West) Harting in West Sussex, named with an unattested Old English byname Heort ‘hart’ + -ingas, a suffix denoting ‘family, dependants, or followers’.North German (also Härting) : patronymic from Hart or Hardt 2.German : habitational name from any of several places so named in Bavaria or from Hartingen, near Diepholz, Lower Saxony.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Earth
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Krishna; One who Killed Demon Madhu
Girl/Female
Egyptian Muslim
Loved.
Boy/Male
English
Anne's son; son of God. Famous Bearer: actor Anson Williams.
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Faith
Boy/Male
Russian
Farmer.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Pious, Devout
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Loved by the Sun
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
STELLAR CLASSIFICATION
n.
A fortune teller.
n.
A fortune teller.
a.
Consisting of, or proceeding from, the stars; stellar; stellary; as, starry light; starry flame.
a.
Minutely stellate.
a.
See Stilar.
v. t.
To cover, or provide with, a sollar.
a.
Full of unpropitious stellar influences; unpropitious; ill-boding.
a.
Of or pertaining to Atella, in ancient Italy; as, Atellan plays; farcical; ribald.
a.
Of or pertaining to stars; astral; as, a stellar figure; stellary orbs.
n.
The space or storerooms of a cellar; a cellar.
a.
Full of stars; starry; as, stellar regions.
n.
One who, or that which, shells; as, an oyster sheller; a corn sheller.
a.
Alt. of Stellary
n.
Alt. of Shellac
n.
A farcical drama performed at Atella.
n.
A wood seller.
n.
The rytina; -- called also stellerine.
n.
Same as Stealer.
n.
One who tells stories; a narrator of anecdotes,incidents, or fictitious tales; as, an amusing story-teller.
pl.
of Stela