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Process supporting machine learning
Data annotation is the process within a dataset of adding relevant metadata labels or tags to enable machines to interpret the data in line with its intended
Data_annotation
Item of metadata attached to a document
Annotations are sometimes presented in the margin of book pages. For annotations of different digital media, see web annotation and text annotation.
Annotation
American data annotation company
Labs Inc., doing business as Surge AI, is an American multinational data annotation company based in San Francisco, California. Surge focuses on reinforcement
Surge_AI
American data annotation company
company based in San Francisco, California. Originally focused on data annotation, the company also offers RLHF services, large language model (LLM)
Scale_AI
Free and open source, web-based image and video annotation tool
Computer Vision Annotation Tool (CVAT) is an open source, web-based image and video annotation tool used for labeling data for computer vision algorithms
Computer Vision Annotation Tool
Computer_Vision_Annotation_Tool
Annotations on web-based resources
(February 24, 2017). "Annotation Is Now a Web Standard". Hypothes.is. "Web Annotation Data Model". "Web Annotation Vocabulary". "Web Annotation Protocol". "Embedding
Web_annotation
File format for encoding linked data
JSON and linked data representation for provenance" (PDF). In Mattoso, Marta; Glavic, Boris (eds.). Provenance and annotation of data and processes: 6th
JSON-LD
Vision Annotation Tool: A Universal Approach to Data Annotation". software.intel.com. 2019-03-01. Retrieved 2019-03-09. "Computer Vision Annotation Tool
List of manual image annotation tools
List_of_manual_image_annotation_tools
American artificial intelligence subsidiary of SpaceX
contract for AI in the military. On September 12, xAI laid off 500 data annotation workers. The division, previously the company's largest, had worked
SpaceXAI
also depends on low-wage "ghost workers" in developing nations for data annotation and content moderation, prompting calls for mandatory human rights
Artificial intelligence industry in the United Kingdom
Artificial_intelligence_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom
Canadian business process outsourcing and technology corporation
of WillowTree. Its artificial intelligence and data services include data annotation, AI training data development, and analytics supporting machine learning
Telus_Digital
Form of neocolonialism based on exploitation of data production
AI sector has increased global demand for data annotation and content moderation. Companies outsource data-labeling tasks—such as tagging images, transcribing
Data_colonialism
Syntactic metadata for Java source code
In the Java computer programming language, an annotation is a form of syntactic metadata that can be added to Java source code, like an attribute. Classes
Java_annotation
Group of samples that have been tagged with one or more labels
performance in a real-world scenario. Data annotation Humans in the Loop (film) "What is Data Labeling? - Data Labeling Explained - AWS". Amazon Web Services
Labeled_data
Format for expressing RDF statements in HTML documents
organization annotations) dominance, and some cloning of annotations along the same domain, the counting of webpages (URLs) and domains with annotations is an
RDFa
SaaS platform owned by Nebius Group
Toloka is a Dutch multinational data services company based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It delivers human-in-the-loop annotation and evaluation work that supports
Toloka
American software company
the deal. "Appen acquires Figure Eight for up to $300M, bringing two data annotation companies together". TechCrunch. March 10, 2019. Retrieved March 16
Salesforce
Unicode block of special codepoints
these code points: U+FFF9 INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION ANCHOR, marks start of annotated text U+FFFA INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION SEPARATOR, marks start of annotating
Specials_(Unicode_block)
2024 Hindi-Kurukh film
technology. It highlights the contributions of women in the field of data annotation and algorithmic development while questioning the growing intersection
Humans_in_the_Loop_(film)
Artificial intelligence division of Meta Platforms
than $14 billion to acquire a 49% non-voting stake in Scale AI, a data annotation and language model benchmarking company. Scale AI's CEO Alexandr Wang
Meta_Superintelligence_Labs
American computer scientist
development initiatives in several areas, including Web-scale image annotation (2008), data-centric scalable machine learning (2005-2012), recommendation systems
Edward_Y._Chang
Description of the structure and function of a genome
In molecular biology and genetics, DNA annotation or genome annotation is the process of describing the structure and function of the components of a
DNA_annotation
Ontology for descriptive linguistics
tools, or to facilitate cross-linguistic evaluation, querying or annotation of language data. At a theoretical level, the existence of universal categories
Linguistic_categories
File format used to present documents
as annotations and form-fields, layers, rich media (including video content), three-dimensional objects using U3D or PRC, and various other data formats
Business process outsourcing company
company managed distributed customer experience, digital operations, and data annotation teams based in Africa for technology, retail, media, and artificial
Hugo_Inc.
Modeling language for describing general text and binary data
model the physical representation of the data stream, DFDL augments the XML schema fragment with annotations on the xs:element and xs:sequence objects
Data Format Description Language
Data_Format_Description_Language
Social enterprise
Robert Shultz Asterisk denotes co-founder of DDD AI data services include data annotation, data collection, model evaluation, and support for low-resource
Digital_Divide_Data
Creation of knowledge from structured and unstructured sources
semantic annotation as described below) discourse parsing (relations between different sentences, rarely used in real-world applications) In NLP, such data is
Knowledge_extraction
American company
secured cloud annotation platform to manage the annotation lifecycle. This includes image upload, annotation, data sampling and QA, data delivery, and
Sama_(company)
Sequence database of DNA barcoding
improvements supporting data collection and analysis but also included novel functionality improving data dissemination, citation, and annotation. Before November
Barcode_of_Life_Data_System
2019). "Appen acquires Figure Eight for up to $300M, bringing two data annotation companies together". TechCrunch. Retrieved October 12, 2026. Wiggers
List_of_gig_economy_companies
platforms, software systems, and data infrastructures. It includes a wide range of activities such as data annotation, content moderation, clickwork, platform-mediated
Digital_labor
JData Specification
JData is a light-weight data annotation and exchange open-standard designed to represent general-purpose and scientific data structures using human-readable
JData
American venture capital firm
million Series A and its $100 million Series B in 2026. Scale AI: data annotation startup, which allies closely with Palantir and Anduril as a new industrial
Andreessen_Horowitz
Computational analysis of large, complex sets of biological data
of data at a dramatically reduced per-base cost but with the same accuracy (base call error) and fidelity (assembly error). While genome annotation is
Bioinformatics
Software project for the analysis of genomic data
genomic data. Facilitate the inclusion of biological metadata in the analysis of genomic data, e.g. literature data from PubMed, annotation data from LocusLink/Entrez
Bioconductor
Method or disciplinary lens for treating linked data
linguistic data structures that can be used to complement NIF, CoNLL-RDF or Web Annotation for linguistic data categories Ontologies of Linguistic Annotation (OLiA)
Linguistic_Linked_Open_Data
Bioinformatics initiative
products, and assimilate and disseminate annotation data; and 3) provide tools for easy access to all aspects of the data provided by the project, and to enable
Gene_Ontology
Bioinformatics methods for pharmacogene annotation
Pharmacogenomics annotation refers to the use of genomic data as input to generate clinical recommendations tailored to the individual genotype. Examples
Pharmacogenomics_annotation
behind artificial intelligence, particularly data annotation in Latin America. His research on Venezuelan data workers examines platform control over working
Julián_Posada
Open-source reference management software
footnotes, and bibliographies, integrated PDF, ePUB and HTML readers with annotation capabilities, and a note editor, as well as integration with the word
Zotero
Data about other data
the data. The user may have background knowledge as to why this trend occurs. Some business intelligence tools enable the user to create an annotation within
Metadata
Chemical data page
pH-dependent speciation of CO2. Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. Annotation "(s)" indicates equilibrium temperature
Carbon_dioxide_(data_page)
Genome research project
The annotation data is referred on reference chromosomes and stored in separated files which include: Gene annotation, PolyA features annotated
GENCODE
Chemical data page
Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. Annotation "(s)" indicates equilibrium temperature of vapor over solid. Otherwise
Methane_(data_page)
Combining data from multiple sources
Data integration is the process of combining, sharing, or synchronizing data from multiple sources to provide users with a unified view. There are a wide
Data_integration
File format for protein data
mmCIF format. The PDB format accordingly provides for description and annotation of protein and nucleic acid structures including atomic coordinates, secondary
Protein Data Bank (file format)
Protein_Data_Bank_(file_format)
Chemical data page
Science Stuff Fisher Scientific Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. The "(s)" annotation indicates equilibrium temperature
Cyclohexane_(data_page)
(Minimum Information Required In The Annotation of Models) is a community-level effort to standardize the annotation and curation processes of quantitative
Minimum information required in the annotation of models
Minimum_information_required_in_the_annotation_of_models
Algorithmically generated data that have a similar distribution as sampled data
fraction of the cost of human annotation. At the same time, transfer learning remains a nontrivial problem, and synthetic data has not become ubiquitous yet
Synthetic_data
Bioinformatics software
genome and region-based annotation is extremely useful in identifying variants in those regions. This approach can be used on WGS data. This approach identifies
ANNOVAR
American social annotation software platform
social annotation platform that allows users to highlight and annotate web pages, PDF files and other digital content. It is operated by Annotation Unlimited
Hypothes.is
Chemical data page
b = 8.8017. Data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. and CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. The annotation, d a°C/b°C, indicates
Methanol_(data_page)
American entrepreneur (born 1981)
2019). "Appen acquires Figure Eight for up to $300M, bringing two data annotation companies together". TechCrunch. Retrieved December 23, 2024. "Weights
Lukas_Biewald
Linguistics data company
build datasets used by Military; effectively criticizing Appen, and data annotation companies in general, for failure in giving information about the nature
Appen_(company)
Information retrieval involving digital images
the images so that retrieval can be performed over the annotation words. Manual image annotation is time-consuming, laborious and expensive; to address
Image_retrieval
San Francisco-based venture capital firm
partnership with Siemens. It also has a partnership with Hadrian. Scale AI: data annotation startup, which allies closely with Palantir and Anduril as a new industrial
Founders_Fund
Adding a note or gloss to a text
Text annotation is the practice and the result of adding a note or gloss to a text, which may include highlights or underlining, comments, footnotes, tags
Text_annotation
Open-source software
neuron reconstruction. Sparse annotations, generated with the skeleton annotation tools, can serve as evaluation data for assessing the performance of
Webknossos
Topics referred to by the same term
commentator (disambiguation) Remark (disambiguation) Annotation, an explanation included with other data Footnote, a note at the bottom of a page Obiter dictum
Comment
Database of protein sequences and functional information
consortium member is heavily involved in protein database maintenance and annotation. Until recently, EBI and SIB together produced the Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL
UniProt
Field dedicated to organizing and structuring biomedical data
data intended for publication, extracting and organizing data from original scientific literature, and describing the data with standard annotation protocols
Biocuration
2024 book
developed the concept for the book while doing fieldwork studying data annotation in developing countries in East Africa. The book examines the human
Feeding_the_Machine_(book)
Origins and events of data
Data lineage refers to the process of tracking how data is generated, transformed, transmitted and used across systems over time. It documents data's
Data_lineage
Database of protein disorder
levels of annotation: manually curated, indirect and predicted. By combining different data sources of protein disorder into a consensus annotation, MobiDB
MobiDB
Method of extracting data from websites
metadata or semantic markups and annotations, which can be used to locate specific data snippets. If the annotations are embedded in the pages, as Microformat
Web_scraping
Usage of reflective programming in C++
attributes, annotations are declared with similar syntax to attributes, but with an equals sign (=) before the annotation name. Unlike Java annotations, which
Reflection_(C++)
the biggest repositories for metagenomic data. The name is an abbreviation of Metagenomic Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology. The pipeline
MG-RAST
Citizen science platform
(such as SETI@home) which used spare computer processing power to analyse data, known as volunteer computing, Zooniverse projects require the active participation
Zooniverse
Data serialization format developed by Amazon
attaching one or more annotations (i.e. a list of symbols) to any value. Such annotations may be used as metadata for otherwise opaque data (such as a blob)
Ion_(serialization_format)
File format used for genomes
(Browser Extensible Data) format is a text file format used to store genomic regions as coordinates and associated annotations. The data are presented in
BED_(file_format)
Data missing or collected but not analysed
adequate data management. Without this, the data become dark, and further reasons for this are e.g. missing metadata annotation, missing data management
Dark_data
Information without a formal data model
annotation may permit. Several of these approaches are based upon the concept of online analytical processing, or OLAP, and may be supported by data models
Unstructured_data
Process which assigns captioning to a digital image
Automatic image annotation (also known as automatic image tagging or linguistic indexing) is the process by which a computer system automatically assigns
Automatic_image_annotation
Proprietary database management system
transaction processing (OLTP), data warehousing (DW), and mixed database workloads. As a converged database, it supports multiple data models within a single
Oracle_Database
Bibliography that gives a summary of each of the entries
bibliography that gives a summary of each of the entries. The purpose of annotations is to provide the reader with a summary and an evaluation of each source
Annotated_bibliography
Analytical process
Prior to coding, an annotation scheme is defined. It consists of codes or tags. During coding, coders manually add codes into data where required features
Coding_(social_sciences)
Application framework for Java platform
Markup Language) files or detecting specific Java annotations on configuration classes. These data sources contain the bean definitions that provide the
Spring_Framework
2003–2013 UCLA database for alternative splicing data
Alternative Splicing Annotation Project (ASAP) in computational biology was a database for alternative splicing data maintained by the University of California
Alternative Splicing Annotation Project
Alternative_Splicing_Annotation_Project
SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into
Superfamily_database
Type of software
Writing and annotation tools In 2019, the Rotterdam Exchange Format Initiative (REFI) launched a new open exchange standard for qualitative data called QDA-XML
Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software
Computer-assisted_qualitative_data_analysis_software
This is a comparison of data serialization formats, various ways to convert complex objects to sequences of bits. It does not include markup languages
Comparison of data-serialization formats
Comparison_of_data-serialization_formats
Extension of the Web to facilitate data exchange
reason about animals, people, places, ideas, etc. There are four semantic annotation formats that can be used in HTML documents; Microformat, RDFa, Microdata
Semantic_Web
Data structure for storing strings
ArrayDeque; import java.util.Deque; import java.util.Iterator; import jakarta.annotation.NonNull; class RopeLike { private RopeLike left; private RopeLike right;
Rope_(data_structure)
Organization of collected data
Data curation is the organization and integration of data collected from various sources. This process involves annotation, publication and presentation
Data_curation
Grouping a set of objects by similarity
automated segmentation of these regions reduces the burden of manual annotation. Climate Clustering is used to find weather regimes and atmospheric patterns
Cluster_analysis
Interdisciplinary field of study
book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Borne, Kirk. "Collaborative Annotation for Scientific Data Discovery and Reuse". Bulletin of the ASIS&T. American Society
Astroinformatics
Process of analysing text to extract information from it
frequency distributions, pattern recognition, tagging/annotation, information extraction, data mining techniques including link and association analysis
Text_mining
Branch of linguistics that studies language through examples contained in real texts
from data to theory. Wallis and Nelson (2001) first introduced what they called the 3A perspective: Annotation, Abstraction and Analysis. Annotation consists
Corpus_linguistics
definition to allow for the elimination of 2D drawings for data set utilization. The PMI annotation is created on the 3D CAD model, associated to edges and
Product and manufacturing information
Product_and_manufacturing_information
Design of geospatial data storage
collectively terms a surface. Text (alternatively called annotation): a minority of vector data formats, including the Esri geodatabase and Autodesk .dwg
Data_model_(GIS)
Subset of artificial intelligence
and Intelligence" (PDF). Mind. 59 (236). Harnad, Stevan (2008), "The Annotation Game: On Turing (1950) on Computing, Machinery, and Intelligence", in
Machine_learning
French software company
Expression Data Solution (EDS) connects microarray data to genes, gene products and biochemical reactions, based on keywords and annotations. This software
Genostar
Data integration approach
(2016). "Ontology-based prediction and prioritization of gene functional annotations". IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics.
Ontology-based data integration
Ontology-based_data_integration
Testing framework for Java
functionalities. TestNG's main features include: Annotation support. Support for data-driven/parameterized testing (with @DataProvider and/or XML configuration). Support
TestNG
Scientific project at the European Bioinformatics Institute
identified. One option is manual annotation, whereby a team of scientists tries to locate genes using experimental data from scientific journals and public
Ensembl genome database project
Ensembl_genome_database_project
Method of qualitative data analysis
segmenting data into meaningful expressions and describing that data with a single word or short sequence of words. Relevant annotations and concepts
Open_coding
polymorphism annotation (SNP annotation) is the process of predicting the effect or function of an individual SNP using SNP annotation tools. In SNP annotation the
SNP_annotation
Medical imaging software
accuracy in the annotation process. Continuous learning: as users provide additional annotated images, MONAI Label utilizes this data to improve its performance
Medical_open_network_for_AI
Audio and video recording software
or video recordings. It has a tier-based data model that supports multi-level, multi-participant annotation of time-based media. It is applied in humanities
ELAN_software
travel, tourism, insurance
DATA ANNOTATION
DATA ANNOTATION
Female
Slavic
 Short form of Slavic Bogdana, DANA means "gift from God." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Hebrew
(דִּיתָה) Pet form of Hebrew Yehuwdiyth, DITA means "Jewess" or "praised." Compare with another form of Dita.
Female
Hebrew
(×“Ö¼Ö¸× Ö¸×”) Feminine form of Hebrew Dan, DANA means "judge." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Russian
 Short form of Russian Yekaterina, KATA means "pure." Compare with other forms of Kata.
Male
Turkish
Turkish name ATA means "ancestor."
Female
Finnish
Variant form of Finnish Aada, AATA means "noble."
Male
Irish
Irish Gaelic name MAC DARA means "son of oak." This is the name of a patron saint and is still common in Ireland, especially in Connemara.
Female
Polish
Short form of Polish Edyta, DYTA means "rich battle."
Male
Iranian/Persian
 Short form of Persian Dârayavahush, DARA means "possesses a lot, wealthy." Compare with other forms of Dara.
Male
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Dathan, DATAN means "belonging to a fountain."
Female
Hindi/Indian
(लता) Hindi name derived from a plant name, from the Sanskrit word lata, LATA means "creeper," in reference to a creeping plant.
Girl/Female
Hindu
A creeper
Male
English
English surname transferred to unisex forename use, possibly DANA means "from Denmark."
Female
English
 Middle English name DARA means "brave, daring." Compare with another form of Dara.
Male
Irish
 From Irish Gaelic Mac Dara, DARA means "son of oak." Compare with other forms of Dara.
Female
Finnish
 Short form of Finnish Katariina, KATA means "pure." Compare with other forms of Kata.
Female
English
 English surname transferred to unisex forename use, possibly DANA means "from Denmark." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Hungarian
 Short form of Hungarian Katalin, KATA means "pure." Compare with other forms of Kata.
Male
Hebrew
(דֶּרַע) Hebrew name DARA means "the arm." In the bible, this is the name of a son of Zerah. Compare with other forms of Dara.
Female
Polish
 Variant spelling of Polish Dyta, DITA means "rich battle." Compare with another form of Dita.
DATA ANNOTATION
DATA ANNOTATION
DATA ANNOTATION
DATA ANNOTATION
DATA ANNOTATION
DATA ANNOTATION
DATA ANNOTATION
travel, tourism, insurance