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Topics referred to by the same term
Complexity theory may refer to: Computational complexity theory, a field in theoretical computer science and mathematics Assembly theory, to quantify the
Complexity_theory
Inherent difficulty of computational problems
In theoretical computer science and mathematics, computational complexity theory focuses on classifying computational problems according to their resource
Computational complexity theory
Computational_complexity_theory
Measure of algorithmic complexity
In algorithmic information theory (a subfield of computer science and mathematics), the Kolmogorov complexity of an object, such as a piece of text, is
Kolmogorov_complexity
Feature of systems that defy description
various scales is the main goal of complex systems theory. The intuitive criterion of complexity can be formulated as follows: a system would be more
Complexity
Computational complexity of quantum algorithms
Quantum complexity theory is the subfield of computational complexity theory that deals with complexity classes defined using quantum computers, a computational
Quantum_complexity_theory
Application of complexity theory to strategy
Complexity theory and organizations, also called complexity strategy or complex adaptive organizations, is the use of the study of complexity systems
Complexity theory and organizations
Complexity_theory_and_organizations
Set of problems in computational complexity theory
In computational complexity theory, a complexity class is a set of computational problems "of related resource-based complexity". The two most commonly
Complexity_class
Branch of mathematical logic
Descriptive complexity is a branch of computational complexity theory and of finite model theory that characterizes complexity classes by the type of logic
Descriptive_complexity_theory
Classification of computer problems
Geometric complexity theory (GCT), is a research program in computational complexity theory proposed by Ketan Mulmuley and Milind Sohoni. The goal of
Geometric_complexity_theory
Amount of resources to perform an algorithm
the study of the complexity of problems is called computational complexity theory. Both areas are highly related, as the complexity of an algorithm is
Computational_complexity
Conceptual framework
usage of the term complexity specifically refers to sociologic theories of society as a complex adaptive system, however, social complexity and its emergent
Social_complexity
Estimate of time taken for running an algorithm
the time complexity is the computational complexity that describes the amount of computer time it takes to run an algorithm. Time complexity is commonly
Time_complexity
Computer memory needed by an algorithm
complexity theory – Inherent difficulty of computational problems Computational resource – Aspect of computational complexity theory Time complexity –
Space_complexity
Model of computational complexity
In theoretical computer science, circuit complexity is a branch of computational complexity theory in which Boolean functions are classified according
Circuit_complexity
American computer scientist (born 1981)
Texas at Austin. His primary areas of research are computational complexity theory and quantum computing. Aaronson grew up in the United States, though
Scott_Aaronson
Concept in psychology
psychology, organisational theory and human–computer interaction. First proposed by James Bieri in 1955 with Cognitive complexity-simplicity and predictive
Cognitive_complexity
Subfield of computer science and mathematics
computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography
Theoretical_computer_science
System composed of many interacting components
(2003). "Theories of complexity". Complexity. 8 (3): 19–30. Bibcode:2003Cmplx...8c..19C. doi:10.1002/cplx.10059. Walter Clemens, Jr., Complexity Science
Complex_system
(computational complexity theory, structural complexity theory) Cook's theorem (computational complexity theory) Fagin's theorem (computational complexity theory) Full
List_of_theorems
Branch of computational complexity theory
In computer science, parameterized complexity is a branch of computational complexity theory that focuses on classifying computational problems according
Parameterized_complexity
computational complexity theory of computer science, the structural complexity theory or simply structural complexity is the study of complexity classes, rather
Structural_complexity_theory
Complexity class used to classify decision problems
problems in computer science In computational complexity theory, NP (nondeterministic polynomial time) is a complexity class used to classify decision problems
NP_(complexity)
to self-complexity theory, an individual who has a number of self-aspects that are unique in their attributes will have greater self-complexity than one
Self-complexity
Application of complexity science to economics
Complexity economics, or economic complexity, is the application of complexity science to the problems of economics. It relaxes several common assumptions
Complexity_economics
Proof checkable by a randomized algorithm
In computational complexity theory, a probabilistically checkable proof (PCP) is a type of proof that can be checked by a randomized algorithm using a
Probabilistically checkable proof
Probabilistically_checkable_proof
American computer scientist
University of California, San Diego, specializing in computational complexity theory. Impagliazzo received a BA in mathematics from Wesleyan University
Russell_Impagliazzo
Theory in second language acquisition
theory was recommended by Kees de Bot to refer to both complexity theory and dynamic systems theory. Numerous labels such as chaos theory, complexity
Complex dynamic systems theory
Complex_dynamic_systems_theory
Field in logic and theoretical computer science
theoretical computer science, and specifically proof theory and computational complexity theory, proof complexity is the field aiming to understand and analyse
Proof_complexity
Concept in the philosophy of mathematics
are based on complexity theory, like Samuel Buss's bounded arithmetic theories, which capture mathematics associated with various complexity classes like
Ultrafinitism
Notion in combinatorial game theory
Combinatorial game theory measures game complexity in several ways: State-space complexity (the number of legal game positions from the initial position)
Game_complexity
Class of problems solvable in polynomial time
In computational complexity theory, P, also known as PTIME or DTIME(nO(1)), is a fundamental complexity class. It contains all decision problems that can
P_(complexity)
American computer scientist (born 1969)
American theoretical computer scientist working in computational complexity theory and algorithms. Williams graduated from the Alabama School of Mathematics
Ryan Williams (computer scientist)
Ryan_Williams_(computer_scientist)
Academic subfield of computer science
three major branches: automata theory and formal languages, computability theory, and computational complexity theory, which are linked by the question:
Theory_of_computation
Research psychometric
Integrative complexity is a research psychometric that refers to the degree to which thinking and reasoning involve the recognition and integration of
Integrative_complexity
Discipline for achieving objectives against unpredictability, complexity, and ambiguity
strategy based on a "theory of the business" or natural extension of the mindset or ideological perspective of the organization. Complexity theorists define
Strategy
Class of problems in computer science
In complexity theory, PP, or PPT is the class of decision problems solvable by a probabilistic Turing machine in polynomial time, with an error probability
PP_(complexity)
Class in computational complexity theory
{P}}} More unsolved problems in computer science In computational complexity theory, the class NC (for Nick's class) is the set of decision problems decidable
NC_(complexity)
Complexity of sending information in a distributed algorithm
of communication. Note that, unlike in computational complexity theory, communication complexity is not concerned with the amount of computation performed
Communication_complexity
Venezuelan computer scientist
recognition of his contributions to the foundations of computational complexity theory and its application to cryptography and program checking". Blum was
Manuel_Blum
1977 scholarly article by Donald Knuth
Complexity of Songs" is a scholarly article by computer scientist Donald Knuth published in 1977 as an in-joke about computational complexity theory.
The_Complexity_of_Songs
System whose behavior is not automatically predictable from its parts
of hard complexity theories include complex adaptive systems (CAS) and viability theory, and a class of softer theory is Viable System Theory. Many of
Complex_adaptive_system
Swiss mathematician and theoretical computer scientist
computer scientist who deals with algorithmic algebra and algebraic complexity theory. Bürgisser received in 1990 his doctorate from the University of Konstanz
Peter_Bürgisser
Complexity class (logarithmic space)
In computational complexity theory, L (also known as LSPACE, LOGSPACE or DLOGSPACE) is the complexity class containing decision problems that can be solved
L_(complexity)
Thesis on the nature of computability
(Church–Turing thesis (complexity theory)). These variations are not due to Church or Turing, but arise from later work in complexity theory and digital physics
Church–Turing_thesis
Interactive proof system in computational complexity theory
In computational complexity theory, an Arthur–Merlin protocol, introduced by Babai (1985), is an interactive proof system in which the verifier's coin
Arthur–Merlin_protocol
Algorithm that employs a degree of randomness as part of its logic or procedure
algorithm repeatedly till a correct answer is obtained. Computational complexity theory models randomized algorithms as probabilistic Turing machines. Both
Randomized_algorithm
Measure of complexity regarding algorithmic entropy
algorithmic information theory, sophistication is a measure of complexity related to algorithmic entropy. When K is the Kolmogorov complexity and c is a constant
Sophistication (complexity theory)
Sophistication_(complexity_theory)
Study of abstract machines and automata
of arbitrary complexity. Structure theory deals with the "loop-free" realizability of machines. The theory of computational complexity also took shape
Automata_theory
Unsolved problem in computer science
The relation between the complexity classes P and NP is studied in computational complexity theory, the part of the theory of computation dealing with
P_versus_NP_problem
American-Canadian computer scientist, contributor to complexity theory
who has made significant contributions to the fields of complexity theory and proof complexity. He is a university professor emeritus at the University
Stephen_Cook
Professor of computer science
science, especially computational complexity theory, and in recent years has been working on "geometric complexity theory", an approach to the P versus NP
Ketan_Mulmuley
Theoretical computer scientist
scientist and mathematician known for her research in computational complexity theory and algorithms. She is currently the Steven and Renee Finn Career
Virginia_Vassilevska_Williams
Concept in computer science
In computational complexity theory, a branch of computer science, bounded-error probabilistic polynomial time (BPP) is the class of decision problems
BPP_(complexity)
Existential second order logic captures NP
oldest result of descriptive complexity theory, a branch of computational complexity theory that characterizes complexity classes in terms of logic-based
Fagin's_theorem
Mathematical function
{\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } ) are a superset of negligible functions. In complexity-based modern cryptography, a security scheme is provably secure if the
Negligible_function
Measurement of computational complexity
computational complexity theory, asymptotic computational complexity is the use of asymptotic analysis for the estimation of the computational complexity of algorithms
Asymptotic computational complexity
Asymptotic_computational_complexity
American computer scientist
for his work in computational complexity theory, computability theory, computational learning theory, and Ramsey theory. He is currently a professor at
William_Gasarch
In computational complexity theory, the element distinctness problem or element uniqueness problem is the problem of determining whether all the elements
Element_distinctness_problem
Algorithm characteristic in computations
In computational complexity theory, the average-case complexity of an algorithm is the amount of some computational resource (typically time) used by the
Average-case_complexity
Implicit computational complexity (ICC) is a subfield of computational complexity theory that characterizes programs by constraints on the way in which
Implicit computational complexity
Implicit_computational_complexity
String that certifies the answer to a computation
In computational complexity theory, a certificate (also called a witness) is a string that certifies the answer to a computation, or certifies the membership
Certificate_(complexity)
Transformation of one computational problem to another
In computability theory and computational complexity theory, a reduction is an algorithm for transforming one problem into another problem. A sufficiently
Reduction_(complexity)
Unsolved problem in computational complexity theory
problem (retrieved June 28, 2017) "Mathematician claims breakthrough in complexity theory". Science. November 10, 2015. Babai (2015) Video of first 2015 lecture
Graph_isomorphism_problem
Computational complexity
in computer science In computational complexity theory, NL (Nondeterministic Logarithmic-space) is the complexity class containing decision problems that
NL_(complexity)
American economist
California for many years. He is an authority on economics in relation to complexity theory, technology and financial markets. He has been on the external faculty
W._Brian_Arthur
German mathematician and computer scientist
parameterized complexity, mathematical logic, finite model theory, the logic of graphs, database theory, descriptive complexity theory, and graph neural
Martin_Grohe
Algorithmic runtime requirements for matrix multiplication
Computational Complexity. TR11-067. Raz, Ran (2002). "On the complexity of matrix product". Proceedings of the thiry-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Computational complexity of matrix multiplication
Computational_complexity_of_matrix_multiplication
American annual computer science prize
June 3, 2015. Homer, Steven and Alan L. (2001). Computability and Complexity Theory. Springer. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-387-95055-6. Archived from the original
Turing_Award
Computation model defining an abstract machine
yielded many insights into computer science, computability theory, and complexity theory. In his 1948 essay, "Intelligent Machinery", Turing wrote that
Turing_machine
Israeli computer scientist and mathematician
States of America. His research interests include complexity theory, parallel algorithms, graph theory, cryptography, and distributed computing. Wigderson
Avi_Wigderson
British sociologist (born 1953)
sociologist and social scientist known for her work in social and complexity theory, gender regimes and patriarchy, violence and society - including domestic
Sylvia_Walby
British sociologist (1946–2016)
of complexity theory for the social sciences. Publications here include Global Complexity (2003), and "Complexity", a special double issue of Theory, Culture
John_Urry_(sociologist)
Subfield of information theory and computer science
complexity follows (in the self-delimited case) the same inequalities (except for a constant) that entropy does, as in classical information theory;
Algorithmic information theory
Algorithmic_information_theory
Branch of logic
need a theory of finite structures." Thus the main application areas of finite model theory are: descriptive complexity theory, database theory and formal
Finite_model_theory
Ordered listing of items in collection
enumeration has also been studied from the point of view of computational complexity theory for various tasks in the context of enumeration algorithms. Ordinal
Enumeration
Theorem in computational complexity theory
computational complexity theory, the PCP theorem (also known as the PCP characterization theorem) states that every decision problem in the NP complexity class
PCP_theorem
Sequence of words formed by specific rules
languages). In computational complexity theory, decision problems are typically defined as formal languages, and complexity classes are defined as the sets
Formal_language
Interdisciplinary study of systems
theory List of types of systems theory Autonomous agency theory Bibliography of sociology Cellular automata Chaos theory Complexity Dependency theory
Systems_theory
Measure of the structural complexity of a software program
Cyclomatic complexity is a software metric used to indicate the complexity of a program. It is a quantitative measure of the number of linearly independent
Cyclomatic_complexity
This is a list of computability and complexity topics, by Wikipedia page. Computability theory is the part of the theory of computation that deals with what
List of computability and complexity topics
List_of_computability_and_complexity_topics
Israeli computer scientist
Jerusalem. Safra's research areas include complexity theory and automata theory. His work in complexity theory includes the classification of approximation
Shmuel_Safra
Randomized polynomial time class of computational complexity theory
In computational complexity theory, randomized polynomial time (RP) is the complexity class of decision problems for which a probabilistic Turing machine
RP_(complexity)
Concept of art that can be described by a computer program
"Low-Complexity Art". Leonardo. 30 (2): 97–103. doi:10.2307/1576418. JSTOR 1576418. S2CID 18741604. Schmidhuber, Jürgen (2012). "A Formal Theory of Creativity
Low-complexity_art
Quantified formulas with real-number variables
In mathematical logic, computational complexity theory, and computer science, the existential theory of the reals is the set of all true sentences of
Existential theory of the reals
Existential_theory_of_the_reals
Yes/no problem in computer science
In computability theory and computational complexity theory, a decision problem is a computational problem that can be posed as a yes–no question on a
Decision_problem
Overview of and topical guide to algorithms
computational complexity theory Juris Hartmanis — computational complexity theory Richard E. Stearns — computational complexity theory Avi Wigderson —
Outline_of_algorithms
The polynomial hierarchy is contained in probabilistic Turing machine in polynomial time
Toda's theorem is a result in computational complexity theory that was proven by Seinosuke Toda in his paper "PP is as Hard as the Polynomial-Time Hierarchy"
Toda's_theorem
Indian American professor of computer science (born 1957)
algorithms, together with work on computational complexity theory, cryptography, and algorithmic game theory. During the 1980s, he made seminal contributions
Vijay_Vazirani
In computational complexity theory, a language B (or a complexity class B) is said to be low for a complexity class A (with some reasonable relativized
Low_(complexity)
Model of computation
In computational complexity theory and circuit complexity, a Boolean circuit is a mathematical model for combinational digital logic circuits. A formal
Boolean_circuit
American computer scientist (1928–2022)
which established the foundations for the field of computational complexity theory". Hartmanis was born in Latvia on July 5, 1928. He was a son of Mārtiņš
Juris_Hartmanis
Unproven computational hardness assumption
In computational complexity theory, the exponential time hypothesis or ETH is an unproven computational hardness assumption that was formulated by Impagliazzo
Exponential_time_hypothesis
Hamiltonian complexity or quantum Hamiltonian complexity is a topic which deals with problems in quantum complexity theory and condensed matter physics
Hamiltonian_complexity
In computational complexity theory, DLIN is the class of decision problems that can be solved by a multitape Turing machine in linear time, O(n). It is
DLIN
Complexity measure in computer science
The Lempel–Ziv complexity is a measure that was first presented in the article On the Complexity of Finite Sequences (IEEE Trans. On IT-22,1 1976), by
Lempel–Ziv_complexity
Axioms in computational complexity theory
In computational complexity theory the Blum axioms or Blum complexity axioms are axioms that specify desirable properties of complexity measures on the
Blum_axioms
Academic department of the University of Toronto
faculty known for their contributions to fields such as computational complexity theory and artificial intelligence. University professor emeritus Stephen
Department of Computer Science (University of Toronto)
Department_of_Computer_Science_(University_of_Toronto)
Proof technique in computational complexity theory
In computational complexity theory, the padding argument is a tool to conditionally prove that if some complexity classes are equal, then some other bigger
Padding_argument
Algorithmic runtime requirements for common math procedures
the computational complexity of various algorithms for common mathematical operations. Here, complexity refers to the time complexity of performing computations
Computational complexity of mathematical operations
Computational_complexity_of_mathematical_operations
Mathematical model describing how an output of a function is computed given an input
computer science, and more specifically in computability theory and computational complexity theory, a model of computation is a model that describes how
Model_of_computation
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COMPLEXITY THEORY
COMPLEXITY THEORY
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One of complexion of red lotus
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Girl with a Golden Complexion
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Of reddish hair, Complexion (1)
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Fair Complexion; Wife of the Prophet PBUH
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A woman having a white complexion
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Form, Figure, Complexion
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One who has a Moon Like Complexion
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Muslim
Of reddish hair or complexion.
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African, Hindu, Indian, Swahili
Building; Strength; One with Reddish Complexion
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Australian, British, English, Irish, Welsh
Fair; White; Friend; Complexion; Handsome
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Arabic, Australian, Indian, Muslim
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COMPLEXITY THEORY
COMPLEXITY THEORY
COMPLEXITY THEORY
COMPLEXITY THEORY
COMPLEXITY THEORY
COMPLEXITY THEORY
COMPLEXITY THEORY
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