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Type of computational models
An agent-based model (ABM) is a computational model for simulating the actions and interactions of an autonomous agent (both individual or collective
Agent-based_model
Software agent which acts autonomously
referred to as a model of the world, hence the name "model-based agent". A model-based reflex agent should maintain some sort of internal model that depends
Intelligent_agent
Modeling biology
Agent-based models have many applications in biology, primarily due to the characteristics of the modeling method. Agent-based modeling is a rule-based
Agent-based_model_in_biology
System of multiple interacting agents
and coordination among agents. Despite considerable overlap, a multi-agent system is not always the same as an agent-based model (ABM). The goal of an
Multi-agent_system
Agent-based social simulation (or ABSS) consists of social simulations that are based on agent-based modeling, and implemented using artificial agent
Agent-based_social_simulation
Systems-based study of economic processes
of interacting agents. As such, it falls in the paradigm of complex adaptive systems. In corresponding agent-based models, the "agents" are "computational
Agent-based computational economics
Agent-based_computational_economics
The agent-based modeling (ABM) community has developed several practical agent based modeling toolkits that enable individuals to develop agent-based applications
Comparison of agent-based modeling software
Comparison_of_agent-based_modeling_software
Agent-based segregation model
Schelling's model of segregation is an agent-based model developed by economist Thomas Schelling. Schelling's model does not include outside factors that
Schelling's model of segregation
Schelling's_model_of_segregation
Topics referred to by the same term
Chemical agent, used as a chemical weapon Agent architecture, a blueprint for software agents and control systems Agent-based model, a computational model for
Agent
Research field that applies to methods of studying issues in social science
Simulation. More recently, Ron Sun developed methods for basing agent-based simulation on models of human cognition, known as cognitive social simulation
Social_simulation
Autonomous artificial intelligence agent
models (LLMs). Agent systems may also include memory components, planning logic, tool interfaces, and orchestration software for coordinating agent components
AI_agent
hypotheses are tested by using either a dynamic model with an increasing network size or by making an agent-based model to determine which network structure is
Network_formation
Digital technology which directs AI models to perform tasks
An agent harness, also known as agent scaffolding, is the software infrastructure surrounding a large language model (LLM) that enables it to operate
Agent_harness
Form of automated electronic commerce involving AI
Agent-based commerce describes a form of e-commerce in which semi-autonomus and fully autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) agents independently execute
Agent-based_commerce
Professor of Epidemiology
Economic Dynamics at the Brookings Institution. He has worked on agent-based computational modeling of biomedical and social dynamics. He has written or co-authored
Joshua_M._Epstein
British sociologist (born 1950)
March 1950) is a British sociologist and a pioneer in the use of agent-based models in the social sciences. He is the founder and director of the Centre
Nigel_Gilbert
Actor and decision maker in an economic model
relation to principal–agent models; in this case, it refers specifically to someone delegated to act on behalf of a principal. In agent-based computational economics
Agent_(economics)
Interdisciplinary research discipline
economic research. Innovative approaches such as machine learning models and agent-based modeling have been actively explored in different areas of economic
Computational_economics
Model of movement
filmmakers to provide each character model an agent based A.I. that could utilize a library of 350 animations. Based on sight, hearing, and touch parameters
Crowd_simulation
Geographic and ecological field of study
landscape as a whole. Agent-based modeling can be complex - for instance, a 2005 study combined an agent-based model with computer-based genetic programming
Land_change_modeling
American professor
computational agent based models. In Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science From the Bottom Up, Epstein and Axtell wrote about the first large scale agent-based
Robert_Axtell
Simulation platform
GAMA (GIS Agent-based Modeling Architecture) is a simulation platform with a complete modelling and simulation integrated development environment (IDE)
GAMA_Platform
American academic and programmer
Uri Wilensky is an American computer scientist and creator of the agent-based modeling platform NetLogo. He is the Lorraine H. Morton Professor of Learning
Uri_Wilensky
System whose behavior is not automatically predictable from its parts
fittest). CAS are occasionally modelled by means of agent-based models and complex network-based models. Agent-based models are developed by means of various
Complex_adaptive_system
Discrete model of computation
Seeds Turmite Von Neumann cellular automaton Wireworld Agent-based model – Type of computational models Automata theory – Study of abstract machines and automata
Cellular_automaton
Increase in stock value
approach alternative to financial modeling, and it's called agent-based modelling (ABM). ABM uses different autonomous agents whose behavior evolves endogenously
IPO_underpricing_algorithm
Mathematical models representing biological cells
Within the field of computational biology they are often simply called agent-based models of which they are a specific application and they are used for simulating
Cell-based_models
Research centre
Automata, Agent-Based Models, and Fractals (MIT Press, Cambridge MA and London) The Science of Cities and Regions (2012) Agent Based Model of Geographical
UCL Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis
UCL_Centre_for_Advanced_Spatial_Analysis
Theory on how and why new ideas spread
problems. In addition to that, agent-based models follow a more intuitive process by designing individual-level rules to model the diffusion of ideas and
Diffusion_of_innovations
Branch of the discipline of sociology
Evolution of Cooperation" which used an agent-based modeling approach to demonstrate how social cooperation based upon reciprocity can be established and
Computational_sociology
Model for designing artificial intelligence
software model (BDI) is a software model developed for programming intelligent agents. Superficially characterized by the implementation of an agent's beliefs
Belief–desire–intention software model
Belief–desire–intention_software_model
Social simulation model
Sugarscape is a model for artificially intelligent agent-based social simulation following some or all rules presented by Joshua M. Epstein & Robert Axtell
Sugarscape
Type of mathematical model used for infectious diseases
implementation, and informing evidence-based policy decisions during disease outbreaks. Beyond infectious disease modeling, the approach has been adapted for
Compartmental models (epidemiology)
Compartmental_models_(epidemiology)
Artificial intelligence governance
decision models, including machine learning, knowledge graphs, rules, optimization, linguistic and agent-based models" in Multi-Agent Systems. "ModelOps lies
ModelOps
Programming language
integrated development environment (IDE) for agent-based modeling. It is part of a family of agent-based modeling products, which includes NetLogo Web, NetLogo
NetLogo
Integrated development environment. Swarm intelligence Comparison of agent-based modeling software "MASON Multiagent Simulation Toolkit". MASON and Distributed
MASON_(Java)
Simulated environment
Large-Scale Deployment of SEAS in Afghanistan 2013 - Got a problem? Agent-based modeling becomes mainstream Live and Computational Experimentation in Bio-terror
Synthetic Environment for Analysis and Simulations
Synthetic_Environment_for_Analysis_and_Simulations
Agent-based simulation
MATSim (the Multi-Agent Transport Simulation Toolkit) is an open source software development project developing agent-based software modules intended
MATSim
tangled nature model is a model of evolutionary ecology developed by Christensen, Di Collobiano, Hall and Jensen. It is an agent-based model where individual
Tangled_nature_model
Synthetic populations are often a basis for microsimulation or also agent based models of population behavior. The latter can be used for simulation of disease
Synthetic_population
3D graphics software
Maya that simulates controllable character crowds based on independent agents. Golaem, a French-based software company, developed it. The first public
Golaem_Crowd
as to model the migrating cells in a lymph node. This model was used to examine T cell proliferation in the lymphoid system. Agent-based modeling (ABM)
Systems_immunology
Computational model
An artificial society is an agent-based computational model for computer simulation in social analysis. It is mostly connected to the themes of complex
Artificial_society
Description of a system using mathematical concepts and language
mechanics, mathematical models may be used to analyze the movement of a rocket model. Mathematics portal Agent-based model All models are wrong Cliodynamics
Mathematical_model
non-extensivity (see Tsallis entropy), q-Gaussian models, and agents based models (see agent based model); as these are known to be able to recover some
Statistical_finance
Language for cognitive agents
programming framework based on common sense or practical reasoning. The main features of GOAL include: Declarative beliefs: Agents use a symbolic, logical
GOAL agent programming language
GOAL_agent_programming_language
Using mathematical models to understand infectious disease transmission
model was successful in predicting the behavior of outbreaks very similar to that observed in many recorded epidemics. Recently, agent-based models (ABMs)
Mathematical modelling of infectious diseases
Mathematical_modelling_of_infectious_diseases
Infectious disease readily spread by pathogen transmission
often known to be contagious before medical science discovers its causative agent. Koch's postulates, which were published at the end of the 19th century
Contagious_disease
Mathematical model of a complex system
computing Agent-based model Artificial neural network Computational linguistics Data-driven model Decision field theory Dynamical systems model of cognition
Computational_model
Topics referred to by the same term
blazei Murill, a species of mushroom Agent-based model, a computational model for simulating autonomous agents Anti-ballistic missile Asynchronous Balanced
ABM
Main group of bicycle riders
factors remain constant between the groups. Agent-based computer models allow for any number of independent "agents" with assigned attributes to interact according
Peloton
Simulation software developed by Ventana Systems
and agent-based modelling capabilities. It is available commercially and as a free "Personal Learning Edition". Vensim provides a graphical modeling interface
Vensim
Use of conceptual models
business and IT systems modeling contrasts other approaches such as: agent based modeling data modeling and mathematical modeling In "Methodology for Creating
Systems_modeling
Sub-discipline of archaeology
spectroscopy Agent-based modeling (ABM) is the simulation of agents (humans and social systems) based on a series of specified inputs. It models how humans
Archaeology_of_trade
Economic theory
further been used in agent-based modelling of the effects of gentrification on real estate markets. Bid rent theory Thünen's model of agricultural land
Rent-gap_theory
combined with preference optimization evaluated by modern language models. Agent-based modeling (ABM) is increasingly viewed as a valuable method for both historical
Historical_psychology
Principle in AI development
formal verification techniques like model checking could be used to gain a high level of assurance that agent based systems would conform with their specification
Agent_verification
Educational programming language
1980-style arcade games such as Pac-Man, over 3D games to simple agent-based model. Agents can be given user created 3D shapes, they can compute formulae
AgentCubes
Simulation focusing on training pilots to control an unmanned aircraft
simulators are being developed such as Agent Based Modeling and Simulation for UAS, especially by military. Agent based modeling and simulation of UAV focuses
Unmanned aircraft system simulation
Unmanned_aircraft_system_simulation
Swarm is an open-source agent-based modeling simulation package, useful for simulating the interaction of agents (social or biological) and their emergent
Swarm_(simulation)
Analytical tool in economics
fiscal policy. Another modeling methodology is Agent-based computational economics (ACE), which is a variety of Agent-based modeling. Like the DSGE methodology
Macroeconomic_model
American psychologist
psychologist, computational modeler, and origami artist. He is best known for his early development of what is now called agent-based modeling in the social sciences
James_Sakoda
AI agent developed by Meta Platforms
artificial intelligence agent developed by Meta Platforms, announced on September 8, 2026, powered by the Muse family of large language models. Meta describes
Muse_(AI_agent)
software can model malaria, HIV, tuberculosis, measles, dengue, polio and typhoid. In 2020, IDM developed a designated COVID-19 agent-based model named "Covasim
Institute for Disease Modeling
Institute_for_Disease_Modeling
Energy system models that are open source
AMIRIS is based on the open Framework for distributed Agent-based Modelling of Energy systems or FAME. AMIRIS can simulate large‑scale agent systems in
Open_energy_system_models
American archaeologist and anthropologist
long-term economic inequality, and the application of computational and agent-based modeling to human–environment interactions. He is Regents’ Professor Emeritus
Timothy_A._Kohler
Group of financial entities
stock correlation networks, interbank networks, and agent-based models. Some agent based finance models which utilize a limit order book are instances of
Financial_network
The Recursive Porous Agent Simulation Toolkit (Repast) is a widely used free and open-source, cross-platform, agent-based modeling and simulation toolkit
Repast_(modeling_toolkit)
Java framework for system development
multi-agent systems that uses the BDI software model and provides its own Java-based plan language and graphical planning tools. JACK Intelligent Agents was
JACK_Intelligent_Agents
AgentSpeak is an agent-oriented programming language. It is based on logic programming and the belief–desire–intention software model (BDI) architecture
AgentSpeak
Type of plane partition
00027985. Laver, Michael; Sergenti, Ernest (2012). Party competition: an agent-based model. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13903-6. Bock
Voronoi_diagram
Statistical model used in machine learning
A flow-based generative model is a generative model used in machine learning that explicitly models a probability distribution by leveraging normalizing
Flow-based_generative_model
Field of study
artificial human companion Webots – Open-source robot simulator Agent-based modeling is used in artificial life and other fields to explore emergence
Artificial_life
Multimethod simulation modeling tool
a multimethod simulation modeling tool developed by The AnyLogic Company (formerly XJ Technologies). It supports agent-based, discrete event, and system
AnyLogic
Lossless compression image segmentation method
Territories Chain Code (BTCC) Biological Reproduction Chain Code (BRCC) Agent-Based Modeling Chain Code (ABMCC) In particular, FCCE, VCC, 3OT and DFCCE can be
Chain_code
2026 information security incident
2026, AI agents developed by OpenAI accessed the Internet to breach the infrastructure of Hugging Face, a platform hosting machine learning models and datasets
OpenAI rogue agent breach of Hugging Face
OpenAI_rogue_agent_breach_of_Hugging_Face
Annual programming competition
allow the agents to carry more than one piece of gold, and to push opposing agents aside. A grid based map contains trees, corrals, cows and agents. Two opposing
Multi-Agent Programming Contest
Multi-Agent_Programming_Contest
American author
with financial crises, and proposes an alternative paradigm using agent-based models. Bookstaber received a B.A. in Economics from Brigham Young University
Richard_Bookstaber
Type of machine learning model
measure model reasoning, factual accuracy, alignment, and safety. Before the emergence of transformer-based models in 2017, some language models were considered
Large_language_model
expectations of the agents in the model. Broadly speaking, models with heterogeneous agents fall into the category of agent-based computational economics
Heterogeneity_in_economics
Large language model designed for reasoning tasks
(MoE) model with 32 billion active parameters. That was followed by the release of Kimi K2.6 in April 2026, where both Kimi models use an “Agent Swarm”
Reasoning_model
Technique to solve partial differential equations
1008462 Nardini JT (2024). "Forecasting and Predicting Stochastic Agent-Based Model Data with Biologically-Informed Neural Networks." Bull Math Biol 86
Physics-informed neural networks
Physics-informed_neural_networks
Field of machine learning
mathematical model of the environment). Basic reinforcement learning is modeled as a Markov decision process: A set of environment and agent states (the
Reinforcement_learning
French physicist (born 1962)
Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe (2015). "Tipping points in macroeconomic Agent-Based models". Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control. 50: 29–61. arXiv:1307.5319
Jean-Philippe_Bouchaud
Protocol for communicating between LLMs and applications
LangChain – Language model application development framework Machine learning – Subset of artificial intelligence Open weights Software agent – Computer program
Model_Context_Protocol
Pythagoras is a multi-sided agent-based model (ABM) created to support the growth and refinement of the U.S. Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory's's Project
Pythagoras_ABM
Activation or suppression of the immune system to treat disease
which obtained FDA clearance. The current approaches for DC-based vaccination are mainly based on antigen loading on in vitro-generated DCs from monocytes
Immunotherapy
Invasion of an organism's body by pathogenic agents
their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. An infectious disease is an illness resulting
Infection
Epidemiological model for COVID-19
acceptable outcomes? CovidSim is an agent-based model and was based on an earlier influenza model. The codebase for the model was initially constructed c. 2005
CovidSim
Large language model and AI chatbot by Anthropic
software development. Anthropic sells Claude-based agentic tools including Claude Code, a terminal coding agent, and Claude Cowork, a similar tool for non-programmers
Claude_(AI)
Computer network management and monitoring protocol
determine whether the agent supports SNMPv1 or SNMPv2. Based on the information in the database, the NMS communicates with the agent using the appropriate
Simple Network Management Protocol
Simple_Network_Management_Protocol
Process of mathematical modelling, performed on a computer
pollution forecasting. agent based simulation has been used effectively in ecology, where it is often called "individual based modeling" and is used in situations
Computer_simulation
Computerized analytical tool
microsimulation model data with cinematic quality 3D animation and with virtual reality by such companies as FORUM8 in Japan. Pedestrian or agent based microsimulation
Microsimulation
Method used to study economic questions
An alternative approach with experimental dimensions is agent-based computational modeling. It is important to consider the potential and constraints
Experimental_economics
A mother agent is an agent who directly oversees and represents a fashion model. Mother agents usually are the first to discover a model, and help them
Mother_agent
Technique for the generative modeling of a continuous probability distribution
diffusion models, also known as diffusion-based generative models or score-based generative models, are a class of latent variable generative models. A diffusion
Diffusion_model
Branch of applied mathematics
interacting agents over time. As such, it falls in the paradigm of complex adaptive systems. In corresponding agent-based models, agents are not real
Mathematical_economics
Ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution
Fault tolerance Defensive programming Non-functional requirement "A Model-Based Approach for Robustness Testing" (PDF). Dl.ifip.org. Retrieved 2016-11-13
Robustness_(computer_science)
Machine learning technique
bad (low reward) based on ranking data collected from human annotators. This model then serves as a reward function to improve an agent's policy through
Reinforcement learning from human feedback
Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback
Sudden increase in occurrences of a disease
varies according to the disease-causing agent, and the size and type of previous and existing exposure to the agent. Outbreaks include many epidemics, which
Disease_outbreak
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance