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Practice of encoding color images
Chroma subsampling or color subsampling is the practice of encoding images by implementing less resolution for chroma information than for luma information
Chroma_subsampling
Video or display resolutions with a width of around 4,000 pixels
as mobile phones store video footage in Y′CBCR format with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, which records color information at only one quarter the resolution
4K_resolution
Digital audiovisual data interface
using Y′CBCR with 4:2:0 subsampling Possible by using Display Stream Compression (DSC) Possible by using Y′CBCR with 4:2:2 subsampling and DSC together, which
HDMI
Topics referred to by the same term
signal processing Chroma subsampling Sub-sampling (chemistry) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Subsampling. If an internal
Subsampling
Colour in an image or video
bandwidth of a modulated color subcarrier, and in digital systems by chroma subsampling. The idea of transmitting a color television signal with distinct
Chrominance
Lossy compression method for reducing the size of digital images
in a very similar manner. After subsampling, each channel must be split into 8×8 blocks. Depending on chroma subsampling, this yields Minimum Coded Unit
JPEG
Digital image capture for film
LTOs). Most digital cinematography systems further reduce data rate by subsampling color information. Because the human visual system is much more sensitive
Digital_cinematography
Brightness in an image or video
(such as the output of a three-CCD camera) into luma and chroma allows for chroma subsampling: because human vision has finer spatial sensitivity to luminance
Luma_(video)
ITU-R recommendation defining UHDTV
RGB and luma-chroma signal formats with 4:4:4 full-resolution sampling and luma-chroma signal formats with 4:2:2 and 4:2:0 chroma subsampling. It supports
Rec._2020
2013 open and royalty-free video coding format
chroma subsampling: 4:2:0 profile 1 color depth: 8 bit, chroma subsampling: 4:2:2, 4:2:0, 4:4:4 profile 2 color depth: 10–12 bit, chroma subsampling:
VP9
Image luminance mapping function
(scaling down), such as chroma subsampling in JPEG's gamma-enabled Y′CbCr. WebP solves this problem by calculating the chroma averages in linear space
Gamma_correction
Mathematical color model
while all modern analogue and even most digital video standards use chroma subsampling by recording a picture's color information at reduced resolution.
Y′UV
ITU-R recommendation
of HDR-TV such as display resolution (HDTV and UHDTV), frame rate, chroma subsampling, bit depth, color space, color primaries, white point, and transfer
Rec._2100
Electronic moving image
way to reduce the amount of data required in digital video is by chroma subsampling (e.g., 4:4:4, 4:2:2, etc.). Because the human eye is less sensitive
Video
Video compression format
resolution. SStP allows for up to 12-bit bit depth and up to 4:4:4 chroma subsampling, using intra-frame coding only. SStP is used by HDCAM SR. MPEG-4 Part
MPEG-4_Part_2
Processing unit in image and video compression formats
the YCbCr color space with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, a 16×16 macroblock consists of 16×16 luma (Y) samples and 8×8 chroma (Cb and Cr) samples. These samples
Macroblock
Video encoding standard
limitations of such hardware were not defined. Support for only one chroma subsampling, 4:2:0 Sakae Okubo of NTT was the ITU-T coordinator for developing
MPEG-2
Family of videocassette formats
4:1:1 or 4:2:0 chroma subsampling for coding. It gives better chroma resolution and allows certain postproduction processes such as Chroma-key. This format
Betacam
Family of digital color spaces
black-and-white information (see image example to the right). This is called chroma subsampling. YCbCr and Y′CbCr are a practical approximation to color processing
YCbCr
Video compression format
data rates and different resolutions. All ProRes422-variants use chroma subsampling of 4:2:2 at 10-bit color depth. ProRes 4444 and 4444 XQ samples color
Apple_ProRes
Number of bits used to represent a color
standards support a bit depth of 8 bits per color in YCbCr with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling. YCbCr can be losslessly converted to RGB. macOS and Classic Mac OS
Color_depth
Standard from the International Telecommunication Union
although compressed formats for consumer applications usually use chroma subsampling reduced from the 4:2:2 sampling specified in Rec. 601 to 4:2:0. The
Rec._601
Digital video codecs and tape formats
stage, chroma subsampling is applied to the source video in order to reduce the amount of data to be compressed. Baseline DV uses 4:1:1 subsampling in its
DV_(video_format)
Test signal in television broadcasting
specific of digital signals, like checking for error correction, chroma subsampling, aspect ratio signaling, surround sound, etc. More recently, the use
Test_card
Feature of GPUs by Nvidia
compared to previous generation NVENC. It supports HEVC 8K, 4:4:4 chroma subsampling, lossless encoding, and sample adaptive offset (SAO). Nvidia Video
NVENC
Digital video coder/decoder
important, from the chroma signal, which is less perceptually important and which can be represented at lower resolution using chroma subsampling to achieve more
Video_codec
Digital display interface
achieved if DSC and chroma subsampling are used together. The DisplayPort standard permits lower values for DSC output size when subsampling is used; 6 bit/px
DisplayPort
Topics referred to by the same term
all color components have the same sampling rate, thus not using chroma subsampling Another name for the RGB color space 444 (disambiguation) 4:44 (disambiguation)
4:4:4
Video compression format
per second (fps). XAVC supports color depths of 8, 10, and 12 bits. Chroma subsampling can be 4:2:0, 4:2:2, or 4:4:4. The Material Exchange Format (MXF)
XAVC
Raster graphics file format
Monochrome (alpha/depth) or multi-components 4:2:0, 4:2:2, 4:4:4 chroma subsampling and RGB Film grain synthesis Image sequences and animation Alpha transparency
AVIF
Video mode
SMPTE 424M and EBU Tech 3299 require YCbCr color space and 4:2:2 chroma subsampling for transmitting 1080p50 (nominally 2.08 Gbit/s) and 1080p60 signal
1080p
Video signal that has been split into component channels
examples of this method. Converting video into luma and chroma allows for chroma subsampling, a method used by JPEG and MPEG compression schemes to reduce
Component_video
Raster graphics file format
eight bits of color depth and a luminance–chrominance model with chroma subsampling by a ratio of 1:2 (YCbCr 4:2:0). Without further content, the mandatory
WebP
2018 open and royalty-free video coding format
(greyscale) and 4:2:0 (quarter) chroma sampling. The High profile further adds support for 4:4:4 chroma sampling (no subsampling). The Professional profile
AV1
Reduction of image size to save storage and transmission costs
colors for each block of 4x4 pixels, used in BTC, CCC, S2TC, and S3TC. Chroma subsampling. This takes advantage of the fact that the human eye perceives spatial
Image_compression
Resolution Frame Size Chroma Subsampling Bits Frames Per Second Megabits per second Minutes per Gigabyte Avid DNxHD 440x 1920 x 1080 4:2:2 10 60 440 0
List of Avid DNxHD resolutions
List_of_Avid_DNxHD_resolutions
Video compression method for HDMI and DisplayPort links
uses DSC 1.2 for video that is higher than 8K resolution with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling. Using DSC with HBR3 transmission rates, DisplayPort 1.4 can support
Display_Stream_Compression
Video encoding standard
brightness (the Y component) than in color (the Cr and Cb components), chroma subsampling is a very effective way to reduce the amount of video data that needs
MPEG-1
Video encoding and decoding hardware by Intel
and 10-bit decoding and encoding acceleration with 4:2:2 and 4:4:4 chroma subsampling, HDR10 Tone Mapping and Open Source Media Shaders. HEVC hardware encoding
Intel_Quick_Sync_Video
Widely used standard for video compression
together in a single macroblock. Chroma prediction block sizes are correspondingly smaller when chroma subsampling is used. The ability to use multiple
Advanced_Video_Coding
High dynamic range color space
defined as a YCC digital format with support for 4:4:4, 4:2:2 and 4:2:0 chroma subsampling in CTA-861-H (that means that in limited range 10 bit mode 0, 1, 2
ICtCp
HEVC/H.265 encoder
either 8 bits or 10 bits per sample YCbCr with 4:2:0, 4:2:2 or 4:4:4 chroma subsampling. x265 supports most of the features of x264 including all rate control
X265
Loss of qualities between copies
JPEG is divided into 16×16 blocks (or 16×8, or 8×8, depending on chroma subsampling), cropping that does not fall on an 8×8 boundary shifts the encoding
Generation_loss
Bitmap image file format family
equivalent GIF's size. VP9 only supports alpha compositing with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, which may be unsuitable for GIFs that combine transparency with rasterised
GIF
2021 full-frame mirrorless camera
quality and file size. Recording in color depth of 10 bits and 4:2:2 chroma subsampling is possible with Sony's XAVC codec. All Intra-frame system that compresses
Sony_α7_IV
Nikon media processors
correction image enhancement/Active D-Lighting colorspace conversion chroma subsampling framerate conversion lens distortion/chromatic aberration correction
Expeed
2023 APS-C mirrorless camera
quality and file size. Recording in colour depth of 10-bits and 4:2:2 chroma subsampling is possible with the XAVC codec. The camera features: all intra‑frame
Sony_α6700
Topics referred to by the same term
by Mary J. Blige released in 1992 The 411, British R&B group 4:1:1 chroma subsampling Volkswagen 411, a car from the late 1960s Bristol 411, a high-performance
411
Audio technology company
luminance is an advantage for color processing operations such as chroma subsampling and gamut mapping where only color information is changed. ICtCp is
Dolby
Type of data compression
luminance, while ignoring the color information. Another example is chroma subsampling: the use of color spaces such as YIQ, used in NTSC, allow one to reduce
Lossy_compression
Device or program that encodes/decodes audio data in some bitstream format
ACELP CELP LAR LSP WLPC MDCT Psychoacoustic model Image Concepts Chroma subsampling Coding tree unit Color space Compression artifact Image resolution
Audio_codec
Digital electronic representation of moving visual images
video with no compression at all may have a BPP of 24 bits/pixel. Chroma subsampling can reduce the BPP to 16 or 12 bits/pixel. Applying JPEG compression
Digital_video
Magnetic tape-based videocassette format for HD video
the chrominance channel is subsampled at 480 × 1080, meaning 3:1:1 chroma subsampling. HDCAM supports recording at 24 FPS for film production applications
HDCAM
1980s analog high-definition television standard
standards: NICAM-like audio coding is used in the HD-MAC system. Chroma subsampling in TV indicated as 4:2:2, 4:1:1 etc... ISDB "DBNSTJ : Realization
Multiple Sub-Nyquist Sampling Encoding
Multiple_Sub-Nyquist_Sampling_Encoding
2008 full-frame digital single-lens reflex camera
downsampled to HD resolution by only using every third line and 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, leading to concern about Moiré patterns in recorded video. Video
Canon_EOS_5D_Mark_II
4K and 8K digital video formats
rates of up to 60 fps with a color depth of up to 12 bpc with 4:2:2 chroma subsampling. Audio output can be up to 7.1 channels. Content is distributed online
Ultra-high-definition television
Ultra-high-definition_television
Digital camera model
capable of shooting 4K resolution video with 10-bit color with 4:2:2 chroma subsampling, along with recording in 4K 60p or 50p (but only in 8 bit). It also
Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GH5
Magnetic tape-based HD videocassette format for camcorders
262/MPEG-2 Part 2 compression scheme, using 8-bit chroma and luma samples with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling. Stereo audio is encoded with the MPEG-1 Layer 2
HDV
Video or display resolutions with a width of around 10,000 pixels
2a is used for video formats higher than 8K resolution with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling. 10K resolutions are also sometimes seen in the case of gaming, for
10K_resolution
File format
JFIF definitions of Rec. 601 color space transformations with YCbCr chroma subsampling. The first specification was authored by Thomas Richter from Germany
JPEG_XT
Video codec
for parallel processing on multi-core CPUs and GPUs High-quality chroma subsampling (4:0:0, 4:2:2, 4:4:4, and 4:4:4:4). Bit depths ranging from 10 to
Advanced_Professional_Video
List of devices that can record 4K video
with HEVC, 150 Mbit/s H.264); DCi 4K at 30fps (150 Mbit/s; 4:2:2 chroma subsampling); Panasonic Lumix DC-S5 II Panasonic Lumix DC-S9 Pentax Pentax K-3
List of 4K video recording devices
List_of_4K_video_recording_devices
Consortium of major motion picture studios
Optionally, in the HD-SDI link only: 12 bit color, YCxCz 4:2:2 (i.e. chroma subsampling in XYZ space), each eye in separate stream 24 bits per sample, 48 kHz
Digital_Cinema_Initiatives
Digital optical disc format
allows video with a bit depth of 8-bits per color YCbCr with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling. The choice of formats affects the producer's licensing/royalty costs
Blu-ray
CD-based format used for storing uncompressed photos
storage requirements. Firstly, chroma subsampling reduces the size of the images by approximately 50%. This subsampling is by a factor of 4 for 4Base images
Photo_CD
Technique used in signal processing and data compression
ACELP CELP LAR LSP WLPC MDCT Psychoacoustic model Image Concepts Chroma subsampling Coding tree unit Color space Compression artifact Image resolution
Discrete_cosine_transform
Technology capable of matching a face from an image against a database of faces
difference in performance. Common image compression methods, such as JPEG chroma subsampling, have been found to disproportionately degrade performance for darker-skinned
Facial_recognition_system
Video codec
values (grayscale) or of 4 luminance and 2 chrominance values (4:2:0 chroma subsampling). The quantized blocks are stored in two codebooks, named V1 and V4
Cinepak
Topics referred to by the same term
(number), in mathematics 420 Bertholda, a main-belt asteroid 4:2:0, a chroma subsampling layout 420 (cannabis culture), informal reference to cannabis use
420
Video compression format, succeeds MPEG-1
HD422. MPEG IMX and MPEG HD422 employ 4:2:2 color subsampling, MPEG HD employs 4:2:0 color subsampling. Most subformats use selectable constant video data
H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2
Digital video storage format
RGB; however, the viewer could choose between different settings of chroma subsampling for encoding, from RGB through YCrCb 4:2:2 all the way to 16:1:1 which
MovieCD
Video technology that adds dynamic metadata to HDR10 source files
a single tone curve for an entire video. EOTF: SMPTE ST 2084 (PQ) Chroma subsampling: 4:2:0 (for compressed video sources), 4:2:2 and 4:4:4 Resolution:
HDR10+
Compressed image file format
× 2 transformations are also defined for special cases involving chroma subsampling; encoder options include YUV_444, YUV_422, YUV_420, and a monochrome
JPEG_XR
Planned royalty-free video codec
were support for a bit depth of 8-bits to 10-bits per sample, 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, 4:4:4 YUV, low coding delay capability, feasible real time decoder/encoder
NETVC
Format used to store digital video on DVDs
with a bit depth of 8 bits per color, encoded as YCbCr with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling. The following formats are allowed for H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 video:
DVD-Video
color with 4:2:2 chroma subsampling through their HDMI connections, while only recording 8-bit color with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling internally. Recorder
Camera_monitor
Computer technology
ACELP CELP LAR LSP WLPC MDCT Psychoacoustic model Image Concepts Chroma subsampling Coding tree unit Color space Compression artifact Image resolution
Silence_compression
Remote desktop software
remote display protocol to offer full 4:4:4 color in the days before chroma subsampling was a thing and professional CRT monitors provided full RGB color
Remote_Graphics_Software
2008 open and royalty-free video coding format
VP8. VP8 only supports progressive scan video signals with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling and 8 bits per sample. In its first public version, On2's VP8 implementation
VP8
Data compression
camera, keeping most of the green and only some of the red; this is chroma subsampling in the YIQ color space. The result is a signal with considerably less
Transform_coding
Analog video broadcast television system
moving to BS-digital channel 103. Subsampling lives on in modern MPEG systems based on JPEG coding, as JPEG offers Chroma sub-sampling. High quality HD television
Analog high-definition television
Analog_high-definition_television
Topics referred to by the same term
Crippled Black Phoenix triple4s.com .444 Marlin, rifle caliber 4:4:4 is chroma subsampling's "highest" quality level in digital video recording/encoding. This
444_(disambiguation)
Codec library implementing VP8 and VP9 encoders and decoders
for encoding VP9 with 10-bit and 12-bit bit depth, 4:2:2 and 4:4:4 chroma subsampling (VP9 profiles 1, 2, and 3), and VP9 multithreaded decoding/encoding
Libvpx
1980's high-definition analog broadcast television standard
standards: NICAM-like audio coding is used in the HD-MAC system. Chroma subsampling in TV indicated as 4:2:2, 4:1:1 etc... Pauchon (1992). "Analogue HDTV
HD-MAC
Audio and video formats by Intel
from CD-ROM that is very similar to the competing Cinepak. It uses chroma subsampling, delta encoding, vector quantization, run-length encoding and motion
Indeo
Memory card format
XAVC recording format can record 4K resolution at 60 fps with 4:2:2 chroma subsampling at 600 Mbit/s. A 128 Gigabyte SxS PRO+ media card can record up to
SxS
Scheme to handle progressive scan video using interlaced equipment
Most video formats including professional ones utilize chroma subsampling to reduce amount of chroma information in a video, taking advantage of the human
Progressive_segmented_frame
Free lossy video compression format
video compression scheme. Like most common video codecs, Theora used chroma subsampling, block-based motion compensation and an 8-by-8 DCT block. Pixels are
Theora
File format for block-based Gzip compression
ACELP CELP LAR LSP WLPC MDCT Psychoacoustic model Image Concepts Chroma subsampling Coding tree unit Color space Compression artifact Image resolution
BGZF
American software company
encoder, not to the compression format. This format uses a YCbCr 4:1:0 chroma subsampling, which means every block of eight pixels share the same color components
Sorenson_Media
Video compression standard
images with 704×576 luma resolution and 352×288 chroma resolution by using a staggered 2:1 subsampling horizontally and vertically to separate the picture
H.261
Color in digital images
[citation needed] Among other techniques, lossy video compression uses chroma subsampling to reduce the bit depth in color channels (hue and saturation), while
Channel_(digital_image)
compression: Standards such as JPEG rely on psychovisual principles, such as chroma subsampling (reducing color resolution relative to brightness). Video compression:
Perceptual_coding
Nvidia's hardware SIP core that performs video decoding
hardware-decoding capability for AV1 Main profile (4:0:0 and 4:2:0 chroma subsampling with 8 or 10-bit depth) with resolution of up to 8192 x 8192 pixels
Nvidia_PureVideo
Betamax Blu-ray bluescreen/chroma key Bollywood Camcorder Camera Canopus DVStorm2—real time editing CCIR 601 CCD Chroma subsampling—4:1:0, 4:1:1, 4:2:0, 4:2:2
Index of video-related articles
Index_of_video-related_articles
Video compression technology
lossless quality with compression ratios up to 4:1. Supports a range of chroma subsampling formats, such as 4:2:2, 4:4:4, and offers 8, 10, or 12 bits flexibility
TICO_(codec)
to 240 at 1920x1080) AVCHD / H.264 / H.265 (10bit color and 4:2:2 chroma subsampling) Panasonic DC-GH5s 17.3 x 13 mm Micro Four Thirds SD card 4096 x 2160
List of large sensor interchangeable-lens video cameras
List_of_large_sensor_interchangeable-lens_video_cameras
Process of changing one type of television system to another
continuous (or periodic) signal defect that would inhibit translation. The subsampling in a video system is usually expressed as a three-part ratio. The three
Television standards conversion
Television_standards_conversion
impedance – Charge-coupled device – Chemical vapor deposition – Chirp – Chroma subsampling – Circuit breaker – Circuit noise level – Circuit reliability – Circuit
Index_of_electronics_articles
SMPTE standard for professional video format
composed of MPEG-2 video composed of only I-frames and using 4:2:2 chroma subsampling. 8 channel AES3 audio streams are also included. These AES3 audio
SMPTE_356M
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Aroma; Fragrance
Female
Hebrew
(רï‹×žÖ¸×”) Hebrew name ROMA means "exalted, lofty."Â
Boy/Male
Tamil
Fragrance, Aroma
Female
African
God is good.
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
The Chola King; From Chola Country
Girl/Female
Bengali, Indian
Beautiful Voice
Girl/Female
Spanish
Crowned.
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English, Finnish, French, German, Spanish, Swedish
Song of Happiness; Strong; Free; Joy; War Horn; Song of Joy; Female Version of Charles or Carl
Boy/Male
Indian
Cute
Female
English
English name derived from the vocabulary word, Latin corona, CORONA means "crown, garland, wreath." The outer atmosphere of a star is called a corona.
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
Earth
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Aroma
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Spanish English French
Joy.
Male
German
German short form of longer names beginning with Hrod-, HRODA means "famous."
Girl/Female
Indian
Beautiful; Understanding
Female
English
English short form of Greek Sophronia, PHRONA means "self-controlled."
Girl/Female
Christian, French, German, Hindu, Indian, Spanish
Crown
Girl/Female
Hindi
Kind.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Fragrance, Aroma
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
Female
Arthurian
, shapely (?)
Boy/Male
English
Son of Reed.
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Decorative Star / Sitara
Male
Arthurian
, Merlin Sylvester.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
King; Lord of Land
Girl/Female
Tamil
Rashwina | ராஷà¯à®µà¯€à®¨à®¾
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Goddess Laxmi
Boy/Male
Indian, Rajasthani
Lord of Power; Strong
Girl/Female
Tamil
Shining, Bright, Glowing
Boy/Male
British, English
From the High Meadow
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
n.
The inner corona.
n.
A chromolithograph.
n.
A crown or circlet suspended from the roof or vaulting of churches, to hold tapers lighted on solemn occasions. It is sometimes formed of double or triple circlets, arranged pyramidically. Called also corona lucis.
n.
The cere of birds.
n.
See Carom.
n.
See Carom.
pl.
of Chromo
n.
A salt of chromic acid.
n.
The connective tissue or supporting framework of an organ; as, the stroma of the kidney.
n.
That part of the baths and gymnasia in which bathers and wrestlers anointed themselves.
pl.
of Corona
pl.
of Corona
n.
The unguent (a composition of oil and wax) with which wrestlers were anointed among the ancient Romans.
pl.
of Stroma
v. i.
To make a carom.
n.
Same as Corona.
n.
Fig.: The fine diffusive quality of intellectual power; flavor; as, the subtile aroma of genius.
n. & v.
See Carom.
n.
Chrome garnet.
n.
The quality or principle of plants or other substances which constitutes their fragrance; agreeable odor; as, the aroma of coffee.