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System of communication
Cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is the biological process by which a cell interacts with itself, with other cells, and with the environment
Cell_signaling
Academic journal
Cellular Signalling is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on various aspects of cell signalling. Cellular Signalling is abstracted and indexed
Cellular_Signalling
Cascade of intracellular and molecular events for transmission/amplification of signals
T, Palsson BO, Subramaniam S (February 2005). "Reconstruction of cellular signalling networks and analysis of their properties". Nature Reviews. Molecular
Signal_transduction
Type of bi-directional amplifier
A cellular repeater (also known as cell phone signal booster or cell phone signal amplifier) is a type of bi-directional amplifier used to improve cell
Cellular_repeater
Immune system chemical weapon
counterbalance redox signalling by eliminating the involved molecules, importantly superoxide anion and nitric oxide. Redox signalling is critical for normal
Respiratory_burst
Biological signaling pathway h
fundamental for JAK-STAT signalling), but STATs experience other modifications, which may affect STAT behaviour in JAK-STAT signalling. These modifications
JAK-STAT_signaling_pathway
Signal strength received by a phone from a network
mobile phone signal (also known as reception and service) is the signal strength (measured in dBm) received by a mobile phone from a cellular network (on
Mobile_phone_signal
Basic unit of life forms
"viewed as a sensory cellular antennae that coordinates a large number of cellular signaling pathways, sometimes coupling the signaling to ciliary motility
Cell_(biology)
Telecommunications networks transmitted by radio waves
A cellular network or mobile network is a telecommunications network where the link to and from end nodes is wireless and the network is distributed over
Cellular_network
Catalytically deficient enzymes
proteins in distinct cellular roles (Protein moonlighting). They are also suggesting new ways to target and interpret cellular signalling mechanisms using
Pseudoenzyme
Contact-based cell-cell signalling
biology, juxtacrine signalling (or contact-dependent signalling) is a type of cell–cell or cell–extracellular matrix signalling in multicellular organisms
Juxtacrine_signalling
Family of proteins
(July 2018). "Dishevelled: A masterful conductor of complex Wnt signals". Cellular Signalling. 47: 52–64. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.03.004. PMC 6317740.
Dishevelled
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
(2003). "The ORL1 receptor: molecular pharmacology and signalling mechanisms". Neuro-Signals. 11 (4): 197–212. doi:10.1159/000065432. PMID 12393946.
Nociceptin_receptor
Intracellular communication process
step in signal transduction. Ca2+ is important for a wide variety of cellular signaling pathways. Once Ca2+ enters the cytosol of the cytoplasm it exerts
Calcium_signaling
Research tool in genomics
"Application of CRISPR-Cas9 Based Genome-Wide Screening Approaches to Study Cellular Signalling Mechanisms". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 19 (4):
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens
Genome-wide_CRISPR-Cas9_knockout_screens
Group of signal transduction pathways involved in embryonic development
In cellular biology, the Wnt signaling pathways are a group of signal transduction pathways which begin with proteins that pass signals into a cell through
Wnt_signaling_pathway
Phylogenetic group described in January 2024
say that Oblin-1 can bind metal ions and thus could be involved in cellular signalling. Oblin-2 features a binding site which is typical of protein complexes
Obelisk_(biology)
Ultra high frequency radio bands assigned to mobile devices
Cellular frequencies are the sets of frequency ranges within the ultra high frequency band that have been assigned for cellular-compatible mobile devices
Cellular_frequencies
Eukaryotic membrane-bounded organelle containing DNA
and compartments: functional roles and cellular signalling in health and disease". Review. Cellular Signalling. 16 (10): 1085–104. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig
Cell_nucleus
Transformation of a stem cell to a more specialized cell
Cellular differentiation, also known as cellular specification, is the process in which a stem cell changes from one type to a differentiated one. Usually
Cellular_differentiation
Cellular second messenger
or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger, or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic_adenosine_monophosphate
Topics referred to by the same term
(disambiguation), such as a hormone or neurotransmitter, a molecule used for cellular signalling Messenger RNA (mRNA), RNA that carries information from DNA to the
Messenger
crucial role in regulating the events of cellular division. Calcium acts both to modulate intracellular signaling as a secondary messenger and to facilitate
Calcium signaling in cell division
Calcium_signaling_in_cell_division
Academic journal
Signaling is a peer-reviewed and open access scientific journal that publishes original research, reviews and commentaries with a focus on cellular signaling
Cell Communication and Signaling
Cell_Communication_and_Signaling
Fictional alien species in Star Trek
"Tribbles: a family of kinase-like proteins with potent signalling regulatory function". Cellular Signalling. 19 (2): 238–250. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.06.010
Tribble
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Aguilar-Hernández MM (November 2013). "Cellular signalling of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)". Cellular Signalling. 25 (11): 2185–2197. doi:10
RAGE_(receptor)
Phenomenon characterized by the cessation of cell division
Cellular senescence is a phenomenon characterized by the cessation of cell division. In their experiments during the early 1960s, Leonard Hayflick and
Cellular_senescence
Mammalian protein found in humans
functional complex with mTOR/raptor to transduce mitogenic signals". Cellular Signalling. 18 (12): 2283–91. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.05.021. PMID 16837165
MTOR
Signaling pathway involving transforming growth factor beta proteins
The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo
TGF_beta_signaling_pathway
American biochemist (1916–2009)
biochemist who contributed to the discovery of nitric oxide as a transient cellular signal in mammalian systems. Furchgott was born in Charleston, South Carolina
Robert_F._Furchgott
Mammalian protein found in humans
expanding pathways for the regulation of p21 expression and activity". Cellular Signalling. 22 (7): 1003–12. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.01.013. PMC 2860671
P53
Free radical toxicity
species play important roles in cell signalling, a process termed redox signaling. Thus, to maintain proper cellular homeostasis, a balance must be struck
Oxidative_stress
Varying physical quantity that conveys information
alert other animals of food. Signaling occurs in all organisms, even at cellular levels, with cell signaling. Signaling theory, in evolutionary biology
Signal
Enzyme catalyzing transfer of phosphate groups onto specific substrates
critical in metabolism, cell signalling, protein regulation, cellular transport, secretory processes and many other cellular pathways, which makes them
Kinase
Withdrawal symptoms of opioids
the dopaminergic signalling of the mesocorticolimbic system as a result of chronic opioid use. Changes to the dopaminergic signalling gives rise to drug
Opioid_withdrawal
Measurement of the power in a radio signal
received signal strength indicator or received signal strength indication (RSSI) is a measurement of the power present in a received radio signal. RSSI is
Received signal strength indicator
Received_signal_strength_indicator
Type of organism
Intracellular parasites use various strategies to invade cells and subvert cellular signalling pathways. Most bacteria and viruses undergo passive uptake, where
Obligate_parasite
Hormones and neuropeptides
autonomous role of endogenous morphine as a biologically important cellular signalling molecule (Stefano et al., 1993; Cruciani et al., 1994; Stefano and
Endorphins
Protein family
to de-phosphorylation of cellular proteins, down-regulating activating signalling pathways. Examples of negative signalling: CD22 is found on B cells
Siglec
Discrete model of computation
A cellular automaton (pl. cellular automata, abbrev. CA) is a discrete model of computation studied in automata theory. Cellular automata are also called
Cellular_automaton
Family of waxy lipid molecules
supporting structural elements, ceramide can participate in a variety of cellular signaling: examples include regulating differentiation, proliferation, and programmed
Ceramide
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
activating adenylyl cyclase. Gsα is a GTPase that functions as a cellular signaling protein. Gsα is the founding member of one of the four families of
Gs_alpha_subunit
Portable device to make telephone calls using a radio link
switched telephone network (PSTN). Modern mobile telephony relies on a cellular network architecture, which is why mobile phones are often referred to
Mobile_phone
Biological ability to detect and respond to cell population density
of cellular signaling, and can be more specifically considered a type of paracrine signaling. However, it also contains traits of autocrine signaling: a
Quorum_sensing
Law stating that bone adapts to mechanical loading
through which forces or other mechanical signals are converted to biochemical signals in cellular signaling. Mechanotransduction leading to bone remodeling
Wolff's_law
Grahame Hardie (born 1950) is a Scottish biochemist, and Professor of Cellular Signalling, at the School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee. He was a member
Grahame_Hardie
Family of large biological molecules
controlling gene expression, or sensing and communicating responses to cellular signals. One of these active processes is protein synthesis, a universal function
RNA
Communications equipment location
cellular network. The base station structure typically supports antennae and one or more sets of transmitter/receivers transceivers, digital signal processors
Cell_site
GTP-binding proteins functioning on cell-cycle regulation
protein called small GTPase, and are involved in transmitting signals within cells (cellular signal transduction). Ras is the prototypical member of the Ras
Ras_GTPase
Group of innate immune system disorders
due to the type of cell vulnerable to cellular processes, often due to a specific mutation or cellular signal which may present as excessive activation
Autoinflammatory_diseases
Signaling molecule
1042/BCJ20180022. PMC 6342281. PMID 30617162. Hinchliffe, Katherine A. (2001). "Cellular signalling: Stressing the importance of PIP3". Current Biology. 11 (9): 371–373
Phosphatidylinositol
Biological communication between cells involving purine nucleosides and their receptors
Purinergic signalling (or signaling: see American and British English differences) is a form of extracellular signalling mediated by purine nucleotides
Purinergic_signalling
Transmembrane receptors involved in cellular adhesion and signalling
adhesion. Upon ligand binding, integrins activate signal transduction pathways that mediate cellular signals such as regulation of the cell cycle, organization
Integrin
Device designed to disrupt mobile network communication within an area
agencies. No other organisation is allowed to jam cellular signals, and any device which is used to jam signals is illegal. Sweden: Illegal except inside prisons
Mobile_phone_jammer
Series of biochemical reactions
Anderson NG (2002). "The protein kinase B/Akt signalling pathway in human malignancy". Cellular Signalling. 14 (5): 381–395. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00271-6
Akt/PKB_signaling_pathway
Biological membrane structure
compartments, these membrane proteins are involved in many intra- and inter-cellular signaling processes. Certain kinds of membrane proteins are involved in the
Lipid_bilayer
Cellular mechanism
"OGG1 is essential in oxidative stress-induced DNA demethylation". Cellular Signalling. 28 (9): 1163–1171. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.05.021. PMID 27251462
DNA_repair
Protein involved in blood vessel growth
receptor-2: Structure, function, intracellular signalling and therapeutic inhibition". Cellular Signalling. 19 (10): 2003–12. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2007
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor
Pharmaceutical drug
receptor, ultimately inhibiting the activation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT cellular signalling pathways. Because the monoclonal antibody targets HER2, and HER2
Trastuzumab_emtansine
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
that interacts with the cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase PDE4D5". Cellular Signalling. 13 (7): 507–13. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00167-X. PMID 11516626
PDE4D
Protein family
receptor-2: structure, function, intracellular signalling and therapeutic inhibition". Cellular Signalling. 19 (10): 2003–12. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2007
VEGF_receptor
Series of events that restore integrity to damaged tissue after an injury
upregulates ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways in fibroblasts and stimulates cell proliferation and migration". Cellular Signalling. 17 (12): 1486–1494. doi:10
Wound_healing
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens, named for ketazocine
kinase A/cAMP-response element binding protein signaling via a Gαs-mediated mechanism". Cellular Signalling. 27 (7): 1426–1438. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2015
Κ-opioid_receptor
Class of enzymes
pro-oxidant role, with regulatory effects at various levels in cellular signal transduction and cellular pathophysiology. This transferase is found in many tissues
Gamma-glutamyltransferase
Process of releasing energy from nutrients using inorganic electron acceptors
Cellular respiration is the process of oxidizing biological fuels using an inorganic electron acceptor, such as oxygen, to drive production of adenosine
Cellular_respiration
British-Canadian scientist (1952–2013)
of protein modules that act together to control many aspects of cellular signalling. Since the discovery of SH2 domains, hundreds of different modules
Tony_Pawson_(biochemist)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
three SH3 domains that binds Grb2, Cbl, and the novel SB1 proteins". Cellular Signalling. 12 (11–12): 769–79. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(00)00129-7. PMID 11152963
SH3KBP1
Protein complexes or biological polymers with 20 subunits or monomers
rat GTPCHI/GFRP stimulatory complex (involved in regulating sub cellular signalling cascades) PDB: 1is7 Protein quaternary structure The Macromolecular
Eicosameric
Wright, P., Dyson, H. (2015). "Intrinsically disordered proteins in cellular signalling and regulation". Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 16 (1): 18–29. Bibcode:2015NRMCB
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (0–L)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(0–L)
Hormone released by neuroendocrine cells
exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells: focus on ARF and Rho GTPases". Cellular Signalling. 15 (10): 893–9. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(03)00052-4. PMID 12873702
Neurohormone
InterPro Domain
interaction domain found only in eukaryotes that regulates a variety of cellular signalling pathways. The DED domain is found in inactive procaspases (cysteine
Death_effector_domain
Combination in the membranes of cells
number of signal transduction processes, such as Immunoglobulin E signalling, T cell antigen receptor signalling, B cell antigen receptor signalling, EGF receptor
Lipid_raft
Enzyme with key regulatory roles in most cells
2003). "The class III adenylyl cyclases: multi-purpose signalling modules". Cellular Signalling. 15 (12): 1081–1089. doi:10.1016/s0898-6568(03)00130-x
Adenylyl_cyclase
Structures found in the cell nuclei
bodies and compartments: functional roles and cellular signalling in health and disease". Cellular Signalling. 16 (10): 1085–104. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2004
Nuclear_bodies
Class of cell surface receptors coupled to G-protein-associated intracellular signaling
expression and function of G protein-coupled receptor kinases". Cellular Signalling. 15 (11): 973–81. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(03)00099-8. PMID 14499340
G_protein-coupled_receptor
Primary cell of the nervous system
Neurons are highly specialized for the processing and transmission of cellular signals. Given the diversity of functions performed in different parts of the
Neuron
Enzyme
an important mechanism for communicating signals within a cell (signal transduction) and regulating cellular activity, such as cell division. Protein
Tyrosine_kinase
Family of transcription factor protein complexes
aberrant cellular response also through the non-canonical pathway. Most intriguingly, a recent study identified that TNF-induced canonical signalling subverts
NF-κB
Form of localized cell signaling
In cellular biology, paracrine signaling is a form of cell signaling, a type of cellular communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes
Paracrine_signaling
Technique in molecular biology
CREB-binding protein by homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2" (PDF). Cellular Signalling. 27 (11): 2252–60. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.08.001. hdl:10754/594104
Site-directed_mutagenesis
telecommunications solution which is used to extend and distribute the cellular signal of a given mobile network operator (hereafter abbreviated as an MNO)
In-Building Cellular Enhancement System
In-Building_Cellular_Enhancement_System
American developmental geneticist
2024). "Emerging mechanistic understanding of cilia function in cellular signalling". Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 25 (7): 555–573. doi:10.1038/s41580-023-00698-5
Jeremy_Reiter
Indian academic, researcher
potential to interact with eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)". Cellular Signalling. 26 (10). Elsevier BV: 2117–2121. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.06.008
Khurshid_Iqbal_Andrabi
Chemical compound
... Nonetheless, as the overall MPS response was similar, this cellular signalling distinction did not translate into statistically distinguishable
Leucine
2011 smartphone by Apple
iPhone 4 users reported cellular signal attenuation problems as a result of holding it in certain positions. The improved cellular radio in the smartphone
IPhone_4s
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Like most small G proteins RhoG is involved in a diverse set of cellular signalling mechanisms. In mammalian cells these include cell motility (through
RhoG
2020 novel by Max Brooks
cellular tower range. The residents depend completely on drone deliveries for food and supplies, and the only means of receiving wi-fi or a cellular signal
Devolution_(Brooks_novel)
Protein found in humans
placental trophoblast cell proliferation by promoting G1/S transition". Cellular Signalling. 25 (4): 1027–35. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.01.008. PMC 4644426
Syncytin-1
Cellular automaton used to model universal construction
Nobili cellular automaton is a variation of von Neumann's cellular automaton, augmented with the ability for confluent cells to cross signals and store
Von Neumann cellular automaton
Von_Neumann_cellular_automaton
Protein and coding gene in humans
casein kinase 1 family: participation in multiple cellular processes in eukaryotes". Cellular Signalling. 17 (6): 675–89. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.12.011
Casein kinase 1 isoform epsilon
Casein_kinase_1_isoform_epsilon
Series of chemical reactions resulting in a cell response
and P2 binding to ATP or ADP, presenting different signalling cascades. The Nrf2/ARE signalling pathway has a fundamental role at fighting against oxidative
Biochemical_cascade
Post-translational modifications involving the protein NEDD8
neddylation and its alterations in human cancers for targeted therapy". Cellular Signalling. 44: 92–102. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.01.009. ISSN 1873-3913. PMC 5829022
Neddylation
Chemical interactions
therefore be obtained from food. Omega-3 and omega-6 are used in some cellular signaling pathways and are involved in mediating inflammation, protein synthesis
Essential fatty acid interactions
Essential_fatty_acid_interactions
Organelle found on eukaryotic cells
projecting into the lumen. This sensory and signalling role puts cilia in a central role for maintaining the local cellular environment and may be why ciliary
Cilium
Human biochemical pathway
hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. The functioning of a signal transduction pathway is based on extra-cellular signaling that in turn creates a response that causes
Insulin signal transduction pathway
Insulin_signal_transduction_pathway
American pharmacologist (1941–2015)
founder and Chair of the Alliance for Cellular Signaling, a global collaboration for the study of cell signalling. He became its director from 1990. In
Alfred_G._Gilman
Wireless ad hoc network that uses smartphones
mode. This means iPhones can now talk to each other without using a cellular signal or connection. Currently, Apple uses multipeer to allow one to send
Smartphone_ad_hoc_network
Process of cells digesting parts of themselves
regulated mechanism. It allows the orderly degradation and recycling of cellular components. Although initially characterized as a primordial degradation
Autophagy
calls to cellular carriers; however, only communications from approved devices and emergency calling are allowed. The managed access signal appears as
Managed_access_(corrections)
Enzyme of the glycolysis metabolic pathway
functions of GAPDH: views from different subcellular compartments". Cellular Signalling. 23 (2): 317–323. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.08.003. PMC 3084531
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Glyceraldehyde_3-phosphate_dehydrogenase
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Butter 1.English : occupational name for a servant working in a wine cellar, Norman French boterie (see Buttery), with the Middle English genitive -s.German : variant of Butter 2.
Girl/Female
Latin
Beautiful.
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly East Anglia)
English (mainly East Anglia) : habitational name from Lyng in Norfolk, so named from Old English hlinc ‘hillside’, or from either of two places in Norfolk and Lincolnshire named Ling, from Old Norse lyng ‘ling’, ‘heather’. There is also a Lyng in Somerset, so named from Old English lengen ‘long place’.German : variant of Link.Chinese : from a word meaning ‘ice’. In ancient times, the imperial palace was able to enjoy ice in the summer by storing winter ice in a cellar, entrusting its care to an official called the iceman. This post was once filled during the Zhou dynasty (1122–221 bc) by a descendant of Kang Shu, the eighth son of Wen Wang, who had been granted the state of Wei soon after the establishment of the Zhou dynasty. Descendants of this particular iceman adopted the word for ice, ling, as their surname.
Surname or Lastname
German
German : from Middle High German kellaere ‘cellarman’, ‘cellar master’ (Latin cellarius, denoting the keeper of the cella ‘store chamber’, ‘pantry’). Hence an occupational name for the overseer of the stores, accounts, or household in general in, for example, a monastery or castle. Kellers were important as trusted stewards in a great household, and in some cases were promoted to ministerial rank. The surname is widespread throughout central Europe.English : either an occupational name for a maker of caps or cauls, from Middle English kellere, or an occupational name for an executioner, from Old English cwellere.Irish : reduced form of Kelleher.Scottish : variant of Keillor.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
Girl/Female
Muslim
Light
Girl/Female
Finnish, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Swedish
Beautiful; Friend; Companion
Male
Arthurian
, (strong); a king of Britain.
Girl/Female
Biblical
The villages that enlighten.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Happy Auspicious
Male
Czechoslovakian
, God's judge.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Little Mountain; Truly; Kind Person; Beautiful
Boy/Male
Hindu
King of snake
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Old French personal name Asceline, a pet form of the personal name Asse (see Asselin).Swedish (Åslin) : topographic or ornamental name from ås ‘ridge’, with the addition of -lin, a suffix of Swedish family names.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Smooth; Soft Ground; Fluent; Flowing Style; Soft
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
a.
Having the shape or appearance of little stars; radiated.
n.
Purulent inflammation of the cellular or areolar tissue.
n.
Induration of the cellular tissue.
a.
Cellular.
n.
Nascent cortex, or immature cellular bark.
n.
Inflammation of the cellular tissue in the vicinity of the uterus.
a.
Consisting of, or containing, cells; of or pertaining to a cell or cells.
n.
An incipient ovule of soft cellular tissue.
n.
Inflammation of the cellular tissue around the kidney.
n.
A small cell.
n.
A cellular, flinty rock, used for mill stones.
n.
A swelling produced by gas or air diffused in the cellular tissue.
n.
A tumor produced by the escape of blood into the subcutaneous cellular tissue.
n.
The space or storerooms of a cellar; a cellar.
n.
Dropsy of the subcutaneous cellular tissue; an effusion of serum into the cellular substance, occasioning a soft, pale, inelastic swelling of the skin.
a.
Marked with starlike spots of color.
n.
Cellular slaggy lava; volcanic cinders.
n.
A coarse kind of rock, somewhat cellular in texture.
n.
A swelling from effusion of watery fluid in the cellular tissue beneath the skin or mucous membrance; dropsy of the subcutaneous cellular tissue.