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Elaboration on classical conditioning in psychology
In Kamin's blocking effect the conditioning of an association between two stimuli, a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) is impaired
Blocking_effect
American psychologist (1927–2017)
contributed several important ideas about conditioning, including the "blocking effect". Leon Kamin was born into a Jewish family in Taunton, Massachusetts;
Leon_Kamin
Type of paralyzing anesthetic including lepto- and pachycurares
Neuromuscular-blocking drugs, or Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), block transmission at the neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis of the affected
Neuromuscular-blocking_drug
Topics referred to by the same term
fabrics Internet blocking; see Block (Internet) Thought blocking, a type of thought disorder Blocking effect, in psychology Mental block, a type of suppression
Blocking
Design of experiments to collect similar contexts together
experiment. The roots of blocking originated from the statistician, Ronald Fisher, following his development of ANOVA. The use of blocking in experimental design
Blocking_(statistics)
Software feature removing online advertising in a web browser or application
Ad blocking (or ad filtering) is a software capability for blocking or altering online advertising in a web browser, an application or a network. This
Ad_blocking
Restriction on accessing an online resource
Domain Name System blocking, or DNS blocking / filtering, is a strategy for making it difficult for users to locate specific domains or websites on the
DNS_blocking
Model of psychological conditioning
explanation of important experimental phenomena, most notably the blocking effect. Failures of the model have led to modifications, alternative models
Rescorla–Wagner_model
Immunologic phenomenon occurring in high antigen or antibody levels
immunotherapy, where blocking antibodies can interfere with other antibodies involved in hypersensitivity and thus improve allergy treatment. Blocking antibody Schiettecatte
Hook_effect
Heart rhythm medication
drugs (drugs blocking the effects of the sympathetic nervous system): examples included bretylium and adrenergic beta-receptors blocking drugs. This is
Antiarrhythmic_agent
Surgical procedure on shoulder dislocations
Latarjet in 1954. The mechanism of action has been described as a triple blocking effect: conjoint tendon of shoulder i.e short head of the biceps and coracobrachialis
Latarjet_procedure
Increased awareness of information after suppression efforts
The Streisand effect is the phenomenon in which an attempt to hide, remove, or censor information results in the unintended consequence of the effort instead
Streisand_effect
phenomenon known as the blocking effect, or line blocking) and then re-emit it at a lower frequency as part of the backwarming effect. The combination of
Blanketing_effect
Internet censorship based upon geographical location
copyright and licensing reasons. There are other uses for geo-blocking, such as blocking malicious traffic or to enforce price discrimination, location-aware
Geo-blocking
can lead to production blocking because group members are not contributing to the goal of generating ideas. Production blocking is a form of distraction
Production_blocking
Precise positioning of actors on a stage
Different artistic principles can inform blocking, including minimalism and naturalism. Both "blocking" and "block" were applied to stage and theatre from
Blocking_(stage)
State for a computing process
minimize the over-all effect of blocking. A process that blocks may prevent local work-tasks from progressing. In this case "blocking" often is seen as not
Blocking_(computing)
Groovebox
organized into five blocks: sequencer block, tone generator block, controller block, effect block, and arpeggio block. The sequencer block has three modes
Yamaha_RM1x
Distortion of shadows caused by moving objects
their shadows approach each other, the one nearest the light source begins blocking light from reaching the inside of the other object's penumbra, thereby
Shadow_blister_effect
reduces high potassium-induced smooth muscle contraction, suggesting a blocking effect on L-type calcium channels. Triflin is a toxin derived from snake venom
Triflin
Perception that the external world is not real
People experiencing derealization block this identifying foundation from recall.[citation needed] This "blocking effect" creates a discrepancy of correlation
Derealization
Species of flowering plant
stevia, xylitol, and artificial sweeteners such as aspartame. The sweet-blocking effect of G. sylvestre lasts from 15 to 50 minutes and may even persist for
Gymnema_sylvestre
Medication used to treat high blood pressure
(intravenously) are not predictable solely by their receptor blocking effect, i.e. blocking β1-adrenergic receptors should decrease heart rate, but labetalol
Labetalol
Process in handmade textile production
arts, blocking is a final stage of handmade textile production that adjusts the shape and size of the finished piece. Not all pieces need blocking; however
Blocking_(textile_arts)
Blazhko effect (astronomy) Blocking effect (psychology) Bloom (shader effect) (3D computer graphics) (demo effects) Bohr effect (hematology) (hemoproteins)
List_of_effects
Aspect of learning procedure
performed. The blocking effect is observed in a lack of conditional response to CS2, suggesting that the first phase of training blocked the acquisition
Classical_conditioning
Law meant to counter another jurisdiction's law
A blocking statute is a law of one jurisdiction intended to hinder application there of a law made by a foreign jurisdiction. A blocking statute was proposed
Blocking_statute
Military unit tasked to prevent retreat of allied forces
Barrier troops, blocking units, or anti-retreat forces are military units that are located in the rear or on the front line (behind the main forces) to
Barrier_troops
Hypothetical climatic effect of nuclear war
infrared, thus cooling the Earth by blocking sunlight, but not creating warming by enhancing the greenhouse effect. The optical depth of the smoke can
Nuclear_winter
Terms used in experimental design
the blocking variable. Note: the reason for blocking is to isolate a systematic effect and prevent it from obscuring the main effects. Blocking is achieved
Glossary of experimental design
Glossary_of_experimental_design
Chemical compound
needed] There are two phases to the blocking effect of suxamethonium. Phase 1 blocking has the principal paralytic effect. Binding of suxamethonium to the
Suxamethonium_chloride
Medication class with multiple uses
Propranolol Bucindolol (has additional α1-blocking activity) Carteolol Carvedilol (has additional α1-blocking activity) Labetalol (has intrinsic sympathomimetic
Beta_blocker
Group of stereoisomers
compared to the M1, M3, M4, and M5 receptor. It has an atropine-like blocking effect on all peripheral structures which are parasympathetic-innervated (e
Biperiden
Several medications which disrupt the movement of Na+ ions
(STX) Neosaxitoxin (NSTX) Tetrodotoxin (TTX) Drugs which block sodium channels by blocking from the intracellular side of the channel include: Local
Sodium_channel_blocker
Concept in cryptography
In cryptography, the avalanche effect is the desirable property of cryptographic algorithms, typically block ciphers and cryptographic hash functions
Avalanche_effect
Scorpion toxin
macrophages. The effect of BmP02 on Kv1.3 channels has been validated in HEK293T cells. BmP02 acts on the Kv1.3 channel by blocking it, which does not
BmP02
Blocking access to Telegram in Russia
16, 2018, the Russian government began blocking access to Telegram, an instant messaging service. The blocking led to interruptions in the operation of
Blocking of Telegram in Russia
Blocking_of_Telegram_in_Russia
Device used to prevent air from moving from one open space to another
Sakamoto, Yasuaki; Iwatani, Yasumasa; Amano, Hiroshi; Uchiyama, Tomomi. Blocking Effect of Desktop Air Curtain on Aerosols in Exhaled Breath. AIP Advances
Air_door
Tendency of the stern of a ship making way to swing toward the near bank
effect and the big boat blocking the Suez". Financial Times. Retrieved 2021-03-27. Paywall Model tests demonstrating the bank effect for International Conference
Bank_effect
(Hinkelmann and Kempthorne do discuss block-treatment interaction for more complicated blocking structures, like crossed-blocking factors in Chapter 9.6, and for
Generalized randomized block design
Generalized_randomized_block_design
Unlawfully copying payment card information
electromagnetic fields interacting with the cards. An RFID blocking card is an RFID-blocking device that operates without a battery by receiving the RFID
RFID_skimming
Condition in which an individual cannot feel pleasure from an orgasm
to cause the brain to form more dopamine receptors for the dopamine-blocking-effect. The normal amount of dopamine released during sex is insufficient
Sexual_anhedonia
Effect of iodine on the thyroid
transport system; (c) by blocking organification of iodide and thus inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis (the Wolff-Chaikoff effect); and (d) by promoting
Wolff–Chaikoff_effect
Feature of ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials
observed at temperatures between the blocking temperature and the Curie temperature of the material. The Hopkinson effect can be observed as a peak in thermomagnetic
Hopkinson_effect
Drug that block acetylcholine in synapses of cholinergic nervous system
Cholinergic blocking drugs are a group of drugs that block the action of acetylcholine (ACh), a neurotransmitter, in synapses of the cholinergic nervous
Cholinergic_blocking_drug
2008 book by Jim Butcher
servants of Winter, harmed by light, able to call Myrk, a magical light-blocking effect. Magog: one of the Fallen. Sanya had dropped the coin into a Venetian
Small_Favor
Election result affecting losing candidate
In social choice theory and politics, a spoiler effect happens when a losing candidate affects the results of an election simply by participating. Voting
Spoiler_effect
Drug used in a hospital setting
non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively
Mivacurium_chloride
Baseball technique
In baseball, blocking the plate is a technique performed by a catcher to prevent a runner from scoring. The act of blocking the plate accounted for most
Blocking_the_plate
Obsolete muscle relaxant
Neuromuscular Blocker)". Tulane University. Retrieved 4 May 2015. Bowman WC, Webb SN (October 1972). "Neuromuscular blocking and ganglion blocking activities
Tubocurarine_chloride
Chemical compound
leptodactyline exerted a potent nicotinic-like effect and a marked neuromuscular blocking effect. The primary effect of leptodactyline in mammals is severe paralysis
Leptodactyline
Diminishing muscle
under the effect of either a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, or a muscle that is under a phase 2 depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
Tetanic_fade
Group creativity technique
(1991). "Productivity Loss in Idea-Generating Groups: Tracking Down the Blocking Effect". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 61 (3): 392–403. doi:10
Brainstorming
Medication type
presynaptic to the postsynaptic cells. Thus, for example, blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors blocks both sympathetic (excitatory) and parasympathetic
Ganglionic_blocker
Sports move in American football
while tight ends perform pass blocking and run blocking if they are not running routes to receive passes. Overall, blocking is a skill that virtually every
Blocking_(gridiron_football)
Class of drugs
function as it increases metabolic demand. Adrenergic blocking agents treat certain diseases through blocking the adrenergic receptor, preventing it from being
Adrenergic_blocking_agent
Relay station
systems are limited in range by the curvature of the Earth and the blocking effect of terrain or high buildings. A repeater on a hilltop or tall building
Repeater
Any steroid hormone that promotes male characteristics
Brdu analysis showed that excess testosterone did not increase this blocking effect against social isolation; that is, the natural circulating levels of
Androgen
Autonomous artificial intelligence agent
intelligence agent developed by Butterfly Effect, a company founded in China and based in Singapore. Xiao founded Butterfly Effect in 2022, two months before the
Manus_(AI_agent)
blocking access to their customers since they approve of a free internet and were not involved in the case. The blocking is done using DNS blocking.
Countries blocking access to The Pirate Bay
Countries_blocking_access_to_The_Pirate_Bay
1942 military command issued by Soviet Union leader Joseph Stalin
army must create "blocking detachments" at the rear that would shoot "panic-mongers and cowards". In the first three months, blocking detachments shot
Order_No._227
Chemical compound
humans if ingested in high amounts. Holothurin is shown to have a blocking effect on nerves in desheathed bullfrog sciatic nerve and rat phrenic nerve
Holothurin
Image compression standard and coding system
a lower peak signal-to-noise ratio. Using many tiles can create a blocking effect similar to the older JPEG 1992 standard. These tiles are then wavelet-transformed
JPEG_2000
Chemical compound
neuromuscular-blocking agents arena after the withdrawal from clinical use of rapacuronium (Raplon - a steroidal neuromuscular-blocking agent marketed
Atracurium_besilate
Large-scale patterns in the atmospheric pressure field that are nearly stationary
redirecting migratory cyclones. They are also known as blocking highs or blocking anticyclones. These blocks can remain in place for several days or even weeks
Block_(meteorology)
low VOC, odorless stain-blocking primers have become known for their unique combination of highly effective stain blocking technologies. These properties
Stain-blocking_primer
Molecule able to block protein channels, frequently used as pharmaceutical
cell. Channel blocking is conducted by different types of molecules, such as cations, anions, amino acids, and other chemicals. These blockers act as ion
Channel_blocker
Effect of unfamiliar male scent on pregnant female rodents
The Bruce effect, or pregnancy block, is the tendency for female rodents to terminate their pregnancies following exposure to the scent of an unfamiliar
Bruce_effect
Ability to respond differently to different stimuli
that are of more importance to them. Another limitation is the blocking effect. This effect will occur if there is a discriminative stimulus, such as a cat
Discrimination_learning
Chemical compound
Shortly thereafter, 12-HHT was reported to inhibit the chemotaxis-blocking effect of a human monocyte-derived factor on human monocytes. 12-Oxo-HT, the
12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid
12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic_acid
Class of pharmacological agents
also be some alpha/beta blocker drug interactions that can worsen previous heart failure. Alpha blockers work by blocking the effect of nerves in the sympathetic
Alpha_blocker
Scorpion toxin
ability to block Kv4 channel, AmmTx3 also has a small blocking effect on hERG channels without alteration of the gating kinetics. By blocking specifically
AmmTX3
Toxin found in scorpion venom
dependence of activation to more negative values. In addition, Cll2 shows a blocking effect on the peak transient current and it can increase the resurgent current
Cll2
Statistical measure of the magnitude of a phenomenon
In statistics, an effect size is a quantitative measure of the magnitude and often direction of a phenomenon. It can refer to the value of a statistic
Effect_size
Atmospheric heat retention
Greenhouses retain heat mainly by blocking convection (the movement of air). In contrast, the greenhouse effect retains heat by restricting radiative
Greenhouse_effect
Chemical compound
because it was not sufficiently specific for its target. It also has a blocking effect on calcium channels and potassium channels. It also causes elongation
Alinidine
Memory effect in educational psychology
The testing effect (also known as retrieval practice, active recall, practice testing, or test-enhanced learning) suggests long-term memory is increased
Testing_effect
Chemical compound
R; Zilberszac, A; Heistracher, P (1996). "Arrhythmogenic effect of beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs in Purkinje fibres of guinea-pig hearts". Archives
Nifenalol
Electric charge generated in certain solids due to mechanical stress
piezoelectric effect is a reversible process: materials exhibiting the piezoelectric effect also exhibit the reverse piezoelectric effect, the internal
Piezoelectricity
Chemical compound
"Assessment of beta-blockade and the non-specific effect of bucumolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, on atrioventricular conduction in anesthetized
Bucumolol
Planned space telescope
cools. UV can only be observed from space satellites, because of the blocking effect of the ozone; ground telescopes see only the later stages of the event
ULTRASAT
Grammostola mechanotoxin 4
GsMTx-4 was isolated from the venom of Grammostola spatulata. After a blocking effect on mechanosensitive channels of the spider venom was detected in 1996
GsMTx-4
Explosive with focused effect
charge if shaped with a cavity, is an explosive charge shaped to focus the effect of the explosive's energy. Different types of shaped charges are used for
Shaped_charge
Type of field-effect transistor
metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, MOS FET, or MOS transistor) is a type of field-effect transistor (FET), most commonly
MOSFET
Scientific model
affecting serotonin function and having somewhat less of a dopamine blocking effect. In addition, dopamine pathway dysfunction has not been reliably shown
Dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia
Dopamine_hypothesis_of_schizophrenia
Beta blocker drug
generally considered to be safe. It is a non-selective beta blocker which works by blocking β-adrenergic receptors. Propranolol was patented in 1962 and
Propranolol
concentration, MeuKTX also affects rKv1.6 and shaker IR channels. The blocking effect of hKv1.3 by MeuKTX occurs rapidly and is reversible. Channel gating
MeuKTX
September 18, 2021. "Blocking Property With Respect to the Situation in Burma". Federal Register. February 10, 2021. "Executive Order on Blocking Property with
List of national emergencies in the United States
List_of_national_emergencies_in_the_United_States
2024 event
providers to resume blocking traffic. On 23 September, Cloudflare CEO Matthew Prince stated that Cloudflare neither helped X evade the block in Brazil nor assisted
Blocking_of_X_in_Brazil
2018 puzzle video game
Tetris Effect is a block-dropping arcade-styled puzzle video game developed by Japanese studios Monstars and Resonair and published by Enhance Games.
Tetris_Effect
Block cipher
is a proprietary block cipher algorithm, developed by Sony. Its name is derived from the French word clef, meaning "key". The block size is 128-bits,
CLEFIA
Increased aircraft lift generated when close to fixed surface
In aircraft, the ground effect is the reduced aerodynamic drag that an aircraft's wings generate when they are close to a surface (land or water). The
Ground_effect_(aerodynamics)
Statistical measure used in survey research
In survey research, the design effect is a number that shows how well a sample of people may represent a larger group of people for a specific measure
Design_effect
Puzzle video game
popularity of Tetris was renewed with the critically successful Tetris Effect (2018) and Tetris 99 (2019). Tetris is the best-selling video game of all
Tetris
Chemical compound
experimental neuromuscular blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively
Gantacurium_chloride
Protein family
blocks the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.2 and not only blocks the Kv1.3 channels but also slows down their activation kinetics. The blocking effect
Hefutoxin
Biopharmaceutical drug
by blocking the action of enzymes called Janus kinases. These enzymes are involved in setting up processes that lead to inflammation, and blocking their
Upadacitinib
Chemical compound
(which encode the IKs current) are blocked. This block exhibits reverse use-dependence, i.e. the channel blocking effect wanes at faster pulsing rates of
Azimilide
Chemical compound
was proved by inhibitor analysis with TSPO antagonist PK11195 that blocks effect of GML-1. The involvement of neurosteroids in the mechanism of action
GML-1
Chemical compound
Due to nisoxetine's sodium channel blocking effect, it is also possible that it may also have a local anesthetic effect. Nisoxetine is able to suppress the
Nisoxetine
travel, tourism, insurance
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