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Gabapentinoid and Skeletal Muscle Relaxant
Baclofen, sold under the brand name Lioresal among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant and derivative of the inhibitory neurotransmitter
Baclofen
CNS depressant medication
Phenibut is thought to act as a GABAB receptor agonist, similarly to baclofen and γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). However, at low concentrations, phenibut mildly
Phenibut
Device used to deliver drugs directly to CSF
the protective sheath surrounding the spinal cord. Medications such as baclofen, bupivacaine, clonidine, morphine, hydromorphone, fentanyl, or ziconotide
Intrathecal_pump
Muscle relaxant medication
sclerosis, and spastic cerebral palsy. Effectiveness appears similar to baclofen or diazepam. It is taken by mouth. Common side effects of tizanidine include
Tizanidine
Drugs that lower neurotransmission levels, reducing brain activity
Acute withdrawal from baclofen and phenibut may also cause auditory and visual hallucinations, as well as acute psychosis. Baclofen withdrawal can be more
Depressant
Drug whose use induces sleep
remains significant interest in baclofen in the potential treatment of sleeping problems. Unlike sodium oxybate, baclofen is not a controlled substance
Hypnotic
Abnormal stiffness of skeletal muscle
exaggerated deep tendon reflex. Spasticity is often treated with the drug baclofen, which acts as an agonist at GABA receptors, which are inhibitory. Spastic
Spasticity
Gamma-aminobutyric acid analog
are two main classes of GABA receptors, GABAA and GABAB and also that baclofen was an agonist of GABAB receptors. Gabapentin was designed, synthesized
Gabapentin
Gamma-aminobutyric acid analogs
(VGCCs). Clinically used gabapentinoids include gabapentin, pregabalin, baclofen and mirogabalin, as well as a gabapentin prodrug, gabapentin enacarbil
Gabapentinoid
Chemical compound
is less experience with the use of baclofen for GHB withdrawal, and additional research in humans is needed. Baclofen was first suggested as an adjunct
Γ-Hydroxybutyric_acid
Neurological pain disorder
withdrawal in as many as 23% of patients. Other options include lamotrigine, baclofen, gabapentin, amitriptyline, and pimozide. Opioids are not usually effective
Trigeminal_neuralgia
French-American cardiologist
cardiologist who wrote a best-selling book about curing alcoholism using the drug baclofen. Ameisen began his medical studies in 1969 at age 16 at Université René
Olivier_Ameisen
Drug injected into the spinal canal
route is nearly always fatal. Often reserved for spastic cerebral palsy, baclofen can be administered through an intrathecal pump implanted just below the
Intrathecal_administration
Neurological movement disorder
sizes. A baclofen pump has been used to treat patients of all ages exhibiting muscle spasticity along with dystonia. The pump delivers baclofen via a catheter
Dystonia
G-protein coupled receptor
determined by Norman Bowery and his team using radioactively labelled baclofen. GABABRs stimulate the opening of K+ channels, specifically GIRKs, which
GABAB_receptor
Chemical compound
of action as baclofen, but is anticipated to have fewer of the central nervous system side effects that limit the clinical use of baclofen for the treatment
Lesogaberan
GABAB receptor agonist and phenibut analogue
respectively). The drug is a GABA analogue and is closely related to baclofen (β-(4-chlorophenyl)-GABA), tolibut (β-(4-methylphenyl)-GABA), and phenibut
4-Fluorophenibut
Group of genetic disorders affecting motor neurons controlling the lower limbs
day-to-day effects and even is treatable with similar medicines such as baclofen and orthopedic surgery; at times, these two conditions may look and feel
Hereditary_spastic_paraplegia
Chemical compound
GABAB receptor. It has a synergistic effect with GABAB agonists such as baclofen at GABAB autoreceptors but not heteroreceptors, suggesting it may be useful
BSPP_(drug)
Drug for skeletal muscle function
tetrazepam and other benzodiazepines, mephenoxalone, methocarbamol, dantrolene, baclofen. Drugs once but no longer or very rarely used to relax skeletal muscles
Muscle_relaxant
Neurological disorder
used for symptom relief from stiffness. Other common treatments include baclofen, intravenous immunoglobin, and rituximab. Limited but encouraging therapeutic
Stiff-person_syndrome
Chemical compound
XP19986) is a prodrug of R-baclofen. Arbaclofen placarbil possesses more favorable pharmacokinetic profile than baclofen, with less fluctuations in plasma
Arbaclofen_placarbil
Phenomenon in psychology
Struck, Terry H. (June 2002). "Jamais vu episodes in relationship to baclofen treatment: A case report". Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Jamais_vu
Opioid antagonist
effectiveness, but remains in preregistration as of September 2021. Development of baclofen/samidorphan has also been discontinued. Samidorphan has been investigated
Samidorphan
Rare disorder involving deficiency in GABA degradation
though there have been some cases in which it worsened convulsive seizures. Baclofen (β-p-chlorophenyl-GABA) has some analgesic properties and has been traditionally
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
Succinic_semialdehyde_dehydrogenase_deficiency
Chemical compound
(GABA) and is the 4-methyl analogue of phenibut, and is also an analogue of baclofen where the 4-chloro substitution has been replaced with a 4-methyl substitution
Tolibut
Medical condition
symptoms. No conclusions can be drawn concerning the efficacy or safety of baclofen for alcohol withdrawal syndrome due to the insufficiency and low quality
Alcohol_withdrawal_syndrome
Rare neurodegenerative disease
available in every country. Baclofen and tizanidine are the most commonly used oral drugs for treating spasticity; an intrathecal baclofen pump can be used for
ALS
experience of curing himself of alcoholism using the muscle relaxant, baclofen. The book has been translated to English as The End of My Addiction, and
Le_Dernier_Verre
Receptors that respond to gamma-aminobutyric acid
of the GABAA receptor. The most striking discovery was the finding that baclofen (β-parachlorophenyl GABA), a clinically employed muscle relaxant mimicked
GABA_receptor
Class of CNS depressant drugs
spasms, although tolerance often develops to their muscle-relaxant effects. Baclofen or tizanidine are sometimes used as an alternative to benzodiazepines.
Benzodiazepine
Movement disorders that appear in early childhood
has been available in China since 2003. Medications such as diazepam, baclofen and botulinum toxin may help relax stiff muscles. Surgery may include lengthening
Cerebral_palsy
Benzodiazepine medication
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Alprazolam
Cerebral palsy characterized by high muscle tone
overactive muscles and decrease pain. Examples are botulinum toxin or baclofen, with the latter delivered orally or via an intrathecal pump. Surgery:
Spastic_cerebral_palsy
American online streamer (born 2005)
job on Cape Cod in Massachusetts, posting that he’d fallen asleep off baclofen, a muscle relaxer he'd recommended his viewers use to reduce anxiety. On
Clavicular_(influencer)
Drug that reduces excitement without inducing sleep
"ludes") Methylmethaqualone Nitromethaqualone Skeletal muscle relaxants Baclofen (Lioresal) Carisoprodol (Soma) Chlorzoxazone Clonidine (Catapres, Kapvay)
Sedative
Benzodiazepine sedative
develops to the muscle relaxant effects of benzodiazepines such as diazepam. Baclofen is sometimes used as an alternative to diazepam. Diazepam is marketed in
Diazepam
Group of voltage-gated ion channels permeable to Ca2+
relaxant Baclofen (Lioseral), Phenibut and Mirogabalin. All these compounds possess varying degrees of binding affinity with the α2δ, though Baclofen and Phenibut
Voltage-gated_calcium_channel
American publicly traded generics and specialty pharmaceutical company
In January 2022, Amneal announced it would acquire Saol Therapeutics Baclofen franchise for around $83.5 million, plus future royalties. The following
Amneal_Pharmaceuticals
Dissociative anesthetic and anti-depressant
(gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Atagabalin Baclofen Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Imagabalin Mirogabalin PD-200,347 PD-217
Ketamine
Chemical compound
(gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Atagabalin Baclofen Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Imagabalin Mirogabalin PD-200,347 PD-217
Meclizine
Abnormal increase in muscle tone due to nerve damage
avoided. Baclofen, diazepam, and dantrolene remain the three most commonly used pharmacologic agents in the treatment of spastic hypertonia. Baclofen is generally
Hypertonia
Spontaneous erection during or after sleep
the time being, no treatment consensus for SRPE has been established. Baclofen tablets taken before sleep is the most commonly used medication, having
Nocturnal_penile_tumescence
Spasms of the middle ear muscles
myoclonus. Other medications tested for treatment are muscle relaxants such as baclofen or benzodiazepines such as clonazepam. Intratympanic botulinum toxin injections
Middle_ear_myoclonus
Form of cerebral palsy affecting the lower body muscles
are:[citation needed] Baclofen (and its derivatives), a gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) substitute in oral (pill-based) or intrathecal form. Baclofen is essentially
Spastic_diplegia
Flow of stomach contents into the esophagus
sucralfate needs to be taken multiple times a day, thus limiting its use. Baclofen, an agonist of the GABAB receptor, while effective, has similar issues
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gastroesophageal_reflux_disease
Physical condition caused by chronic use of a tolerance-forming drug
(Soma) and related carbamates (tybamate, meprobamate, ethinamate etc.) baclofen (Lioresal) and its non-chlorinated analogue phenibut chloral hydrate glutethimide
Physical_dependence
Species of plant
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Kava
Class of medications
has not been clearly shown for metaxalone, methocarbamol, chlorzoxazone, baclofen, or dantrolene. Applicable conditions include acute back or neck pain,
Antispasmodic
Benzodiazepine used for anesthesia and procedural sedation
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Midazolam
Class of depressant drugs derived from barbituric acid
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Barbiturate
Medication used to treat epilepsy and migraine
(gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Atagabalin Baclofen Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Imagabalin Mirogabalin PD-200,347 PD-217
Topiramate
Central nervous system stimulant
sertraline), antipsychotics (aripiprazole), anticonvulsants (topiramate, baclofen, gabapentin), naltrexone, varenicline, citicoline, ondansetron, prometa
Methamphetamine
SSRI antidepressant
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Fluoxetine
Skeletal muscle relaxant drug
Eperisone Inaperisone Lanperisone Silperisone Muscle relaxants (drug class): Baclofen Carisoprodol Cyclobenzaprine Tizanidine "Tolperisone - referral | European
Tolperisone
Problematic excessive alcohol consumption
alcohol withdrawal severity as well as improving quality-of-life-ratings. Baclofen, a GABAB receptor agonist, is under study for the treatment of alcoholism
Alcoholism
Genus of flowering plants
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Cannabis
Category of drug
compounds (e.g., chloroform, diethyl ether, sevoflurane) 1,4-Butanediol Baclofen GABA Gabamide GABOB gamma-Butyrolactone (GBL) gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid
GABA_receptor_agonist
Barbiturate
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Amobarbital
Genetic neurodegenerative disease with brain iron accumulation
and dystonia using medications (such as gabapentin, trihexyphenidyl or baclofen), or surgery. MPAN typically progresses more slowly than other NBIA disorders
Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration
Mitochondrial_membrane_protein-associated_neurodegeneration
Local anaesthetic drug
(gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Atagabalin Baclofen Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Imagabalin Mirogabalin PD-200,347 PD-217
Benzocaine
SSRI antidepressant
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Escitalopram
Need for a drug, whose discontinuation results in withdrawal symptoms
for withdrawal from barbiturates or benzodiazepines; using drugs such as baclofen to reduce cravings and propensity for relapse amongst addicts to any drug
Substance_dependence
Beta blocker drug
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Propranolol
Chemical compound
up to 100 μM to antagonize the inhibitory release of GABA elicited by baclofen, doing so selectively as a GABAB heteroreceptor antagonist. Moreover, CGP-35348
CGP-35348
Chemical compound
full agonists GABA and baclofen at this receptor. In a study in rats, homotaurine reversed the catatonia induced by baclofen (the prototypical GABAB
Homotaurine
Pharmaceutical compound
3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen BL-1020 GABA Gabamide GABOB GBL GHB GHBAL GHV GVL Isovaline JZP-386 Lesogaberan
THAZ
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Bromoureide
Main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain
modulators include: GABAB receptor ligands.[citation needed] Agonists: baclofen, propofol, GHB, phenibut. Antagonists: phaclofen, saclofen. GABA reuptake
GABA
Intravenous medication used in anesthesia
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Propofol
Naturally occurring sedative and hallucinogen
Polenzani L, Miledi R (April 1993). "Characterization of bicuculline/baclofen-insensitive (rho-like) gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors expressed in Xenopus
Muscimol
Dysfunction of eye movement
promise in some patients. In 1980, researchers discovered that a drug called baclofen could stop periodic alternating nystagmus. Subsequently, gabapentin, an
Nystagmus
Medication used to treat anxiety disorders
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Buspirone
Class of medication used to treat high blood pressure
(gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Atagabalin Baclofen Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Imagabalin Mirogabalin PD-200,347 PD-217
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
Dihydropyridine_calcium_channel_blockers
Benzodiazepine research chemical
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Pynazolam
Obsolete sedative–hypnotic drug
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Methaqualone
Non-opioid analgesic drug
(gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Atagabalin Baclofen Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Imagabalin Mirogabalin PD-200,347 PD-217
Suzetrigine
CNS stimulant and isomer of amphetamine
sertraline), antipsychotics (aripiprazole), anticonvulsants (topiramate, baclofen, gabapentin), naltrexone, varenicline, citicoline, ondansetron, prometa
Dextroamphetamine
Group of four possible stereoisomers found in various plants: a.o., absinthe and mint
3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen BL-1020 GABA Gabamide GABOB GBL GHB GHBAL GHV GVL Isovaline JZP-386 Lesogaberan
Thujone
Atypical antidepressant drug
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Nefazodone
Degeneration of the upper motor neurons, causing muscle weakness
damage.[citation needed] Treatment for individuals with PLS is symptomatic. Baclofen and tizanidine may reduce spasticity. Quinine or phenytoin may decrease
Primary_lateral_sclerosis
SSRI antidepressant
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Citalopram
Anxiolytic, sedative, and pain medication
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Dexmedetomidine
Class of antidepressant medication
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Selective_serotonin_reuptake_inhibitor
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of ethanol
(gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Atagabalin Baclofen Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Imagabalin Mirogabalin PD-200,347 PD-217
Pharmacology_of_ethanol
Serotonin modulator antidepressant
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Vortioxetine
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen BL-1020 GABA Gabamide GABOB GBL GHB GHBAL GHV GVL Isovaline JZP-386 Lesogaberan
Ciprofloxacin
Species of flowering plant
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Scutellaria_baicalensis
Drug mixture used mainly to treat ADHD and narcolepsy
sertraline), antipsychotics (aripiprazole), anticonvulsants (topiramate, baclofen, gabapentin), naltrexone, varenicline, citicoline, ondansetron, prometa
Adderall
SNRI antidepressant
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Venlafaxine
Medication used to treat insomnia
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Daridorexant
Disorder causing trouble with sleeping
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Insomnia
Primary alcohol compound (CH3CH2CH2OH)
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
1-Propanol
Dermal sensation with no physical cause
caused by stroke may receive some temporary benefit from high doses of baclofen multiple times a day.[citation needed] HIV patients who self-medicate with
Paresthesia
Carboxylic acid – CH3(CH2)3COOH
3-APPA 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Baclofen BL-1020 GABA Gabamide GABOB GBL GHB GHBAL GHV GVL Isovaline JZP-386 Lesogaberan
Valeric_acid
Tranquilizer based with herbs Valerian, hops, peppermint & phenobarbital, a barbiturate
Trional Triclofos GABAB 1,4-Butanediol 4-Fluorophenibut Aceburic acid Baclofen GABOB GHB (sodium oxybate) GBL GVL JZP-386 Phenibut Tolibut Valiloxybate
Corvalol
Antidepressant medication
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Mirtazapine
Local anesthetic
(gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin Arbaclofen Arbaclofen placarbil Atagabalin Baclofen Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Imagabalin Mirogabalin PD-200,347 PD-217
Lidocaine
Benzodiazepine medication
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Lorazepam
Class of antidepressant medication
Gabapentinoids (α2δ VDCC blockers) Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Baclofen Pregabalin Antidepressants SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Serotonin–norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitor
BACLOFEN
BACLOFEN
BACLOFEN
BACLOFEN
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Sweet water of paradise
Boy/Male
Egyptian
Name of a pharaoh.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Lord Shiva; Anything from Heart
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Father of Husain; Caliph Ali
Boy/Male
Tamil
Destroyer of sin
Boy/Male
Danish, German
Relating to Falconry; Falconer
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Telugu
Sun Rice
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Sikh, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Pretty; Beauty; Grace; Sweet; Attraction; Angel; Beautiful
Boy/Male
Irish
Spirited.
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Rush Farm
BACLOFEN
BACLOFEN
BACLOFEN
BACLOFEN
BACLOFEN