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During its Second Red Scare (1947–1957) a distinct set of domestic policies and conservative social mores came to dominate popular culture and interpersonal
American social policy during the Second Red Scare
American_social_policy_during_the_Second_Red_Scare
Any of several events in which widespread fear of communism or leftism develops
violence. American social policy during the Second Red Scare China threat theory Church Committee Cold War The Crucible Democratic backsliding in the United
Red_Scare
Mid-20th century U.S. government discrimination against homosexuals
service during the mid-20th century. It contributed to and paralleled the anti-communist campaign which is known as McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare. Gay
Lavender_Scare
Period marked by a significant increase of birth rate
shopping was led by baby boomers. Agequake American social policy during the Second Red Scare Death rates in the 20th century Generation Gray ceiling Population
Baby_boom
Early 20th-century American historical event
The first Red Scare was a period during the early 20th-century history of the United States marked by a widespread fear of far-left movements, including
First_Red_Scare
During his second term as president of the United States, Donald Trump enacted a series of steep tariffs affecting nearly all goods imported into the
Tariffs in the second Trump administration
Tariffs_in_the_second_Trump_administration
Method of discrediting opponent's argument
having engaged in red-baiting, resulting in two historic Red Scare periods during the 1920s (First Red Scare) and 1950s (Second Red Scare). Such usage as
Red-baiting
Phenomenon of US political rhetoric after WWII
legislative directives, and helped bring an end to the Second Red Scare. Historians have suggested since the 1980s that as McCarthy's involvement was less
McCarthyism
US political organization
promote the model. It actively campaigned against President Clinton's signature policies, including the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the 1994
Democratic Socialists of America
Democratic_Socialists_of_America
Child safety scare in the United States
in the 1950s, concurrent with the second red scare; this time greater emphasis was put on potential sexual violation, which meant that now even the children
Child_abduction_scare_of_2002
Mayor of New York City since 2026
good Americans vs. godless communists dominated. The Red Scare, the McCarthy hounding, the FBI investigations were all in the name of extirpating the enemy
Zohran_Mamdani
NATO command post exercise in 1983
Interest. Miles, Simon (August 1, 2020). "The War Scare That Wasn't: Able Archer 83 and the Myths of the Second Cold War". Journal of Cold War Studies.
Able_Archer_83
Term equating forms of Marxism–Leninism with fascism
inequalities, and racism. Also in 1947, at the beginning of the Second Red Scare, politicians across the two main political parties like Senator Everett
Red_fascism
Political party in the US
(formerly Twitter). "Red America". American Communist Party. Retrieved April 22, 2026. "About Southern Worker". Southern Worker. American Communist Party.
American Communist Party (2024)
American_Communist_Party_(2024)
American political commentator (born 1999)
on YouTube, Rumble, and X. A co-founder of the American Communist Party (ACP), which has promoted policies supportive of neo-Stalinism and Xi Jinping
Jackson_Hinkle
American comedy podcast, 2016–2022
its "unprintable name") as "bards of the new American left", alongside podcasts Chapo Trap House and Red Scare. Several Chapo hosts, including Amber
Cum_Town
American political party
successes did not last long. As the decades progressed, the combined effects of McCarthyism (also known as the Second Red Scare) and Nikita Khrushchev's 1956
Communist_Party_USA
Former right-wing provincial political party in Alberta, Canada
Alberta Social Credit was a provincial political party in Alberta, Canada, that was founded on social credit monetary policy put forward by Clifford Hugh
Alberta_Social_Credit_Party
Bicameral legislature of the United States
exploited the fear of communism during the Second Red Scare and conducted televised hearings. In 1960, Democratic candidate John F. Kennedy narrowly won the presidency
United_States_Congress
Persecution by the White movement during the Russian Civil War
possibilities", while Werth wrote: The Bolshevik policy of terror was more systematic, better organized, and targeted at whole social classes. Moreover, it had
White_Terror_(Russia)
are more severe and far-reaching than the persecution of communists in academia during the Second Red Scare. The Trump administration has also cut or frozen
Education policy of the second Trump administration
Education_policy_of_the_second_Trump_administration
Dutch-American businessman (1883–1964)
being two parts of the same thing, and denounced the red-baiting McCarthyism of Joseph McCarthy during the Second Red Scare in the 1950s. Meijer's household
Hendrik_Meijer
universities are more severe and far-reaching than the persecution of communists in academia during the Second Red Scare. On September 3, Judge Allison D. Burroughs
Targeting of political opponents and civil society under the second Trump administration
Targeting_of_political_opponents_and_civil_society_under_the_second_Trump_administration
German paramilitary organization
The Iron Front (German: Eiserne Front) was a German underground paramilitary organization in the Weimar Republic that consisted of social democrats, trade
Iron_Front
Anticommunist movement in occupied Japan
tensions and the Red Scare after World War II, and was a significant element within a broader "Reverse Course" in Occupation policies. The Red Purge reached
Red_Purge
American political scientist (1904–1980)
rebuild the center’s resources on “China Studies,” after many experts on the country had been publicly discredited during the Second Red Scare. Morgenthau
Hans_Morgenthau
1955–1975 war in Southeast Asia
Within the United States, the Red Scare and rise of McCarthyism fostered public opposition to communism. In April 1950, the Chinese leadership formed the Chinese
Vietnam_War
Use of immigration procedures to target political dissidents residing in the US
The United States has long used its immigration policy as a tool for political control, particularly during the First and Second Red Scare. During the
Visa and deportation controversies in the second Trump administration
Visa_and_deportation_controversies_in_the_second_Trump_administration
United States government arrests of leftists, 1919–20
larger context of the first Red Scare, a period of anti-communism in the U.S. in the years immediately following World War I and the successful Russian
Palmer_raids
Leader of China from 1949 to 1976
Chinese Red Army, and developed a strategy of guerrilla warfare. In 1935, Mao became leader of the CCP during the Long March, a military retreat to the Yan'an
Mao_Zedong
Non-member supporters of an organization
and 'Fellow Travelers': Nuclear Fear, the Red Scare, and Science Policy in Occupied Japan". Journal of American-East Asian Relations. 25 (4). Leiden and
Fellow_traveller
American labor organizer (1869–1928)
alleged involvement in the murder of Frank Steunenberg failed, but in 1918 he was one of 101 IWW members jailed during the First Red Scare. He was sentenced
Bill_Haywood
American talk show host (1983–2020)
humanist. He commented extensively on U.S. foreign policy, the Middle East, Latin America, capitalism, and the intellectual dark web. Michael Jamal Brooks was
Michael Brooks (political commentator)
Michael_Brooks_(political_commentator)
1980 history book by Howard Zinn
happened during the 1960s, such as second-wave feminism, the prison reform/prison abolition movement, the Native American rights movement, and the counterculture
A People's History of the United States
A_People's_History_of_the_United_States
21st-century success of left-leaning Latin American leaders
progressive or socially progressive policies in the region. Such governments have been referred to as "left-of-centre", "left-leaning", and "radical social-democratic"
Pink_tide
American labor organizer and Communist politician (1881–1961)
indicated an impending change in policy during the Third Period, the American party was directed to abandon its work within the AFL and form separate revolutionary
William_Z._Foster
1954 U.S. law criminalizing membership in communist organizations and supporting them
Created during the period of the Second Red Scare (1946–1954), the act was one of many bills drafted with the intention of protecting the American government
Communist_Control_Act_of_1954
had endorsed Trump during his 2024 campaign, expressed regret for the endorsement, saying that Trump's policies during his second presidency resembled
Donald_Trump_and_fascism
Centre-left political ideology
achieving social equality. In modern practice, social democracy has taken the form of a predominantly capitalist, yet robust welfare state, with policies promoting
Social_democracy
Historical political movement in Wisconsin, United States
socialism". The movement has its origins in the organization of the Social Democratic Party, a precursor to the Socialist Party of America. Even before the creation
Sewer_socialism
American lawyer and commentator (born 1988)
American lawyer, blogger, policy analyst, commentator, and founder of the left-leaning think tank People's Policy Project. He was a blogger for the American
Matt_Bruenig
Horowitz. The Young People's Socialist League was dissolved, but the party formed a new youth group under the same name. The Second Red Scare is a period
Socialism in the United States
Socialism_in_the_United_States
Politically motivated mass killings of communists
opposed the Nazis. Communists, social democrats and other political prisoners were forced to wear red triangles. In 1936, Germany concluded the international
Anti-communist_mass_killings
Reactionary German paramilitants
Freikorps were German paramilitary militias formed in the aftermath of World War I and during the German Revolution of 1918–19. Freikorps units consisted
Freikorps
American politician (1912–2006)
18, 1960. Zeidler, a member of the Social-Democratic Party of Wisconsin and the Socialist Party of America, is the most recent Socialist Party candidate
Frank_Zeidler
Communist term for social democracy in early 1930s
Social fascism was a theory developed by the Communist International (Comintern) in the late 1920s which saw social democracy as the "moderate wing of
Social_fascism
Prime Minister of Japan since 2025
domestic policy includes support for proactive government spending and continuing Abenomics. She has taken conservative positions on social issues, such
Sanae_Takaichi
Left-wing politics in the United States
to challenge American policy in Central America, and played a major role in organizing demonstrations against American action against the Sandinista rebels
American_Left
Period of martial law and political repression in Taiwan
violence, the Kuomintang government used legal power and social control to maintain power during the White Terror. Under martial law declared in 1949, the KMT
White_Terror_(Taiwan)
Political party in *United States *Canada
Vanguard America as well as the Southern nationalist League of the South and the Ku Klux Klan. The group was also a lead member of the Unite the Right rally
Anti-Communist_Action
Form of communism
Marxism–Leninism as the means to achieve women's emancipation. Marxist–Leninist cultural policy modernises social relations among citizens by eliminating the capitalist
Marxism–Leninism
1937 to 1964, the same year he energized the American conservative movement. Reagan's basic foreign policy was to equal and surpass the Soviet Union in
Political positions of Ronald Reagan
Political_positions_of_Ronald_Reagan
order based on socialist policies." Later, the American social reformer Henry George and his geoist movement influenced the development of democratic
History of democratic socialism
History_of_democratic_socialism
Ideologies and ideological demographics in the United States
The anarchist movement in the United States was responsible for several terrorist attacks during the 1910s. The first Red Scare, a strong backlash to these
Political ideologies in the United States
Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States
1940s US effort to establish relations with the Chinese Communist Party
Misperceptions of the Dixie Mission contributed to the nationwide Red Scare in the 1950s and 1960s. Thawing relations between the United States and the People's
Dixie_Mission
American investigative journalist, writer, and author (1907–1989)
panic of loyalty oaths and the Second Red Scare (1947–57) of the McCarthy Era — Stone wrote a book on the origin of the Korean War (1950–52). According to
I._F._Stone
and the display of classical communist emblems in civil and political parties was officially decriminalized. During the Red Scare of 1919–20 in the United
Bans_on_communist_symbols
Political ideology within liberalism
socialist by conservatives during the midst of the Red Scare, notably by the previously mentioned Reagan. Another cause was the decline of organized labour
Social_liberalism
American journalist, poet, and activist (1887–1920)
17, 1920) was an American journalist, poet, and communist activist. Reed first gained prominence as a war correspondent during the Mexican Revolution
John_Reed_(journalist)
Political ideologies favouring egalitarianism
left-wing political parties Post-left anarchy Red-baiting Red Scare Redwashing Right-wing politics Social criticism Woke Smith, T. Alexander; Tatalovich
Left-wing_politics
Series of US foreign policy interest groups
The Committee on the Present Danger (CPD) is the name used by a succession of American anti-communist foreign policy interest groups. Throughout its four
Committee on the Present Danger
Committee_on_the_Present_Danger
Ongoing oil shortage and economic crisis
the Center for Economic and Policy Research stated that sanctions imposed on Cuba during Trump's first term were “likely the primary cause” for the increase
2026 United States fuel blockade on Cuba
2026_United_States_fuel_blockade_on_Cuba
Ideology combining leftist economics and social conservatism
cultural issues, including homosexuality and birth control. Social conservative policies within the CCM were especially prominent under John Magufuli, who
Left-conservatism
Symbol of anti-fascism
The red triangle, also known as the red wedge, was a required badge worn by left-wing dissidents incarcerated in Nazi concentration camps during World
Red_triangle_(badge)
Christopher (2005). "Sex and the City: The White Slavery Scare and Social Governance in the Progressive Era". American Quarterly. 57 (2): 411–437. doi:10
List_of_moral_panics
American socialist writer (1928–1989)
"Nixon, the Great Society, and the Future of Social Policy", Commentary 55 (May 1973), p. 39. Eric Lee (May 8, 2015). "The socialist revolt that America forgot:
Michael_Harrington
Democratic political movement
mocked in the public as the "law against social parasites". On 19 February, another 2,000 demonstrated in the second city of Homieĺ. Both gatherings were
Belarusian_opposition
economic policy expert at the Roosevelt Institute, also characterizes Sanders' positions as "social democracy", rather than "socialist", noting that social democracy
Political positions of Bernie Sanders
Political_positions_of_Bernie_Sanders
Aspect of U.S. political history
eras of the Red Scare and never experienced significant electoral success. Despite struggling to become a major electoral player, CPUSA was the most prominent
History of the Communist Party USA
History_of_the_Communist_Party_USA
Religious commune in Oneida, New York (1848–1881)
Humphrey Noyes and his followers in 1848 near Oneida, New York during the Second Great Awakening. The community believed that Jesus had already returned in 70
Oneida_Community
American labor organization
targeted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation during the Second Red Scare and faced with surveillance and interrogations, membership in the China Hand
Chinese_Hand_Laundry_Alliance
Right-wing populist, isolationist and protectionist ideology held by business leaders
nationalism, most notably the leadership of the Nazi Party in Germany and Fascism in general, have promoted the Red Scares, nativism, and allegations
Business_nationalism
to Italy. During the Second Red Scare, which occurred in the United States in the years that immediately followed the end of World War II, the term "premature
Fascism_in_the_United_States
Form of government
Earth, Red Star: A History of Soviet Security Policy, 1917-1991. Cornell University Press. pp. 85–6. ISBN 978-0-8014-8007-2. Archived from the original
Communist_state
American lawyer and politician (1892–1982)
the Social Democratic Federation and a prominent New York labor lawyer, he was expelled from the New York State Assembly in 1920 during the First Red
Louis_Waldman
United States foreign policy regarding authoritarian governments
governments". During the Cold War, the U.S. provided support for state terrorism and anti-communist mass killings, including Operation Condor in South America and
U.S. policy towards authoritarianism
U.S._policy_towards_authoritarianism
Ethnonationalist strain of communism in the Polish People's Republic
rolling back the gender equality policies that Polish communists implemented in the 1940s. The 1960s are considered to be a decade during which Endo-Communism
Endokomuna
Liberal interventionist
published by the Progressive Policy Institute in October 2003. Another document related to the stance is a letter to President Bush sent by Social Democrats
Liberal_hawk
U.S. democratic socialist organization (1973–1982)
minority caucus away from the Social Democrats, USA (SDUSA), the recently renamed and restructured Socialist Party of America (SPA), when SDUSA leadership
Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee
Democratic_Socialist_Organizing_Committee
French philosopher (1905–1980)
London: NLB, 1972. p. 161. Adler, Franz (1949). "The Social Thought of Jean-Paul Sartre". American Journal of Sociology. 55 (3): 284–294. doi:10.1086/220538
Jean-Paul_Sartre
American journalist and TV host (born 1981)
(born November 24, 1981) is an American political commentator and political podcast host currently co-hosting the American political news and opinion series
Krystal_Ball
American politician (born 1989)
is an American politician who is the U.S. Representative-elect for New York's 7th congressional district. A member of the Democratic Party and the Democratic
Claire_Valdez
Islamist resistance groups
The Afghan mujahideen or mujahidin were Islamist militant groups that fought against the Afghanistan government and the Soviet Union during the Soviet–Afghan
Afghan_mujahideen
Opposition to anti-communism as applied in the Cold War
criticized an excessive policy of secrecy during the Cold War, leading to the misdirection of McCarthyism, which was addressed during the Moynihan Commission
Anti_anti-communism
Faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks
Bolsheviks
Primary color
progressive social policies, and were often referred to disparagingly as "Reds" for their social liberal leanings and party colors. The Chinese Communist
Red
American Marxist economist (1910–2004)
of the American Red Scare, describes itself as socialist "independent of any political organization". Monthly Review rapidly expanded into the production
Paul_Sweezy
(1947) H. Styles Bridges (R-NH) US Senator, during the Lavender Scare of the 1950s, Bridges threatened to expose the son of US Senator Lester Hunt (D-WY) as
List of federal political scandals in the United States
List_of_federal_political_scandals_in_the_United_States
Bevan, the leader of the left-wing in the Labour Party, as one of the causes of the Russian revolution's degeneration into dictatorship. A "Red Scare" in
History_of_socialism
During the first six months of Operation Barbarossa, the Wehrmacht and the SS had a policy of shooting all of the commissars. Jews serving in the Red
Soviet_Union_in_World_War_II
tough. The people around Trump are battle-hardened. Okay? You're not going to scare us. And we're not gonna stop. — Steve Bannon in 2025 During the first
Democratic backsliding in the United States
Democratic_backsliding_in_the_United_States
personal rule and his anti-AFL trade union policy joined with the Social Democrats to form the Socialist Party of America (SPA). In 1905 a convention of socialists
History of left-wing politics in the United States
History_of_left-wing_politics_in_the_United_States
American right-wing advocacy group
The John Birch Society (JBS) is an American right-wing political advocacy group. Founded in 1958, it is radical anti-communist, American nationalist, supports
John_Birch_Society
Law concerning anti-state activities
altered North Korean propaganda on social media. The man, who described his use of the material as intended to lampoon the North Korean regime, received a
National Security Act (South Korea)
National_Security_Act_(South_Korea)
Buildings in the Bronx, New York
the tenants there, the conditions in the Coops remained largely the same at first. Later on they were targeted by the FBI during the Second Red Scare
United_Workers_Cooperatives
Pix and explains why it scares Trump and American banks so much]. O GLOBO (in Portuguese). July 22, 2025. Archived from the original on July 26, 2025
Brazil–United States diplomatic dispute
Brazil–United_States_diplomatic_dispute
Chilean political ideology named after Augusto Pinochet
to one of Latin America's most open market systems, creating what supporters termed the "Chilean Miracle" despite significant social costs and increased
Pinochetism
Far-right Japanese political party
American troops and American military bases in Japan. The party calls for "constitutional reform and strengthening of the Self-Defence Forces". The party
Sanseitō
Country in South America
Dictionary of Latin American Literature and Theater" Scare Crow Press 2011, p. 224, 2nd § View on Google Books Archived 29 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine
Brazil
1925 law of the Empire of Japan
Preservation Law was repealed following the end of World War II by the American occupation authorities. The repeal was effected on October 15, 1945.
Peace_Preservation_Law
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