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21st-century success of left-leaning Latin American leaders
The pink tide (Spanish: marea rosa; Portuguese: onda rosa), or the turn to the left (Spanish: giro a la izquierda; Portuguese: virada à esquerda), was
Pink_tide
Political phenomenon in Latin America
mid-2010s to the mid-2020s across Latin America as a direct reaction to the pink tide. During the conservative wave, left-wing governments suffered their first
Conservative_wave
Interpretation of socialist principles
context, a wave of left-leaning socio-political movements, called the Pink tide, on behalf of indigenous rights, cocaleros, labor rights, women's rights
Socialism_of_the_21st_century
American political insult for someone sympathetic to communism
pejorative sense, whereas "pink" in this definition can be used in a purely descriptive sense, such as in the term pink tide. One of the first recorded
Pinko
Year the 'Pink Tide' Turned: Latin America in 2015". VICE News. Retrieved 30 December 2015. "Foreign Policy in Focus | Latin America's Pink Tide?". Archived
History_of_South_America
Mexican insurgent and spokesperson of EZLN
Marcos's views on Latin American leaders who formed the continent's Pink Tide are complex. For example, in interviews he gave in 2007 he signaled his
Subcomandante_Marcos
21st-century political process in Venezuela
in international-level conflicts. Chávez was seen as a leader of the "pink tide", a turn towards left-wing governments in Latin American democracies.
Bolivarian_Revolution
events on the continent, other than elections, from 2020 onwards. The pink tide (Spanish: marea rosa; Portuguese: onda rosa), or the turn to the left
2020s in North American history
2020s_in_North_American_history
distinct pink tides rather than a single one, with the first pink tide happening during the late 1990s and early 2000s and a second pink tide encompassing
2020s_in_politics
Argentine political movement
social movement. Kirchnerism is considered to be a part of the larger Pink Tide in Latin America - a rise of left-wing populist movements. Kirchnerism
Kirchnerism
Leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008
anti-globalization ideas. In the 2000s, Castro forged alliances in the Latin American "Pink Tide"—namely with Hugo Chávez's Venezuela—and formed the Bolivarian Alliance
Fidel_Castro
Political philosophy in support of progress and reform
blatantly anti-neoliberal. Some political scientists propose the term "Pink Tide neopopulism" to characterize movements that are regarded as a response
Progressivism
President of Bolivia from 2006 to 2019
he built relationships with leftist governments in the Latin American pink tide, especially Hugo Chávez's Venezuela and Fidel Castro's Cuba, and signed
Evo_Morales
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Network of Spiritual Progressives
Network_of_Spiritual_Progressives
Political ideology that combines left-wing politics and populist rhetoric and themes
Kirchnerism, a variant of Peronism that was often mentioned alongside other Pink tide governments in Latin America. During Cristina Fernández de Kirchner's
Left-wing_populism
Bilateral relations
The Argentina–Brazil relationship (Spanish: Relación Argentina-Brasil; Portuguese: Relação Argentina-Brasil) is both close and historical, and encompasses
Argentina–Brazil_relations
President of Brazil (2003–2011; since 2023)
During his first presidency, that coincided with South America's first pink tide, he continued fiscal policies and promoted social welfare programs such
Luiz_Inácio_Lula_da_Silva
Political orientation
in Europe, and centre-left politics spread to Latin America during the pink tide. In the 21st century, centre-left politics are challenged by the developments
Centre-left_politics
and progressivism. At the turn of the 21st century, Latin America saw a pink tide, which championed socialism of the 21st century; it included a policy
History_of_socialism
1 January 2023. 2022 Brazilian attempted coup plot Conservative wave Pink tide The coalition Brazil of Hope was composed of the homonymous federation
2022 Brazilian general election
2022_Brazilian_general_election
Region of the Americas
early 2000s, left-wing political parties rose to power, known as the Pink tide. The presidencies of Hugo Chávez (1999–2013) in Venezuela, Ricardo Lagos
Latin_America
President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015
the western bloc as part of the regional political movement known as pink tide. She also continued her husband's human rights policies, and had a rocky
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
Cristina_Fernández_de_Kirchner
left-wing victories in Latin America, which has been dubbed as a "new pink tide". During the previous election held in 2018, a run-off took place as no
2022 Colombian presidential election
2022_Colombian_presidential_election
Dance styles originating in Latin America
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Latin_dance
Social democratic and progressive political international
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Progressive_Alliance
Revolutionary wave overthrowing most communist states in Europe
over to social democracy and democratic socialism. In South America, a pink tide began in Venezuela in 1999 and shaped politics in the other parts of the
Revolutions_of_1989
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
List of Latin American countries by population
List_of_Latin_American_countries_by_population
received aid from Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez, in a period known as The Pink Tide era (2000–2006). On July 31, 2006, Castro temporarily delegated his duties
Political career of Fidel Castro
Political_career_of_Fidel_Castro
were elected to power in several Andean states, as a part of the wider "pink tide" then sweeping Latin America, in which the political left gained increasing
History of Andean South America
History_of_Andean_South_America
Conference of left-wing political parties
portal Modern history portal COPPPAL Parliamentary Group of the Left Pink tide Madrid Forum Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America (PROSUR)
São_Paulo_Forum
Bilateral relations
election in several South American countries of socialist governments. This "pink tide" thus saw the successive elections of Hugo Chávez in Venezuela (1998)
Latin America–United States relations
Latin_America–United_States_relations
Costa Rican political party
the São Paulo Forum and is generally associated with the Latin American Pink Tide. Its political platform combines support for democratic institutions and
Broad_Front_(Costa_Rica)
21st-century wave of right-wing populism
In Latin America neopopulism describes the rise of left wing parties (Pink tide) and also right-wing parties (Conservative wave). The new populism presents
Neopopulism
Oil procurement agreement
concessionary financial agreement. Petrocaribe has been part of the "pink tide" in Latin America seeking to achieve post-neoliberal development in the
Petrocaribe
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Witchcraft_in_Latin_America
Centre-left political ideology
New Zealand, while democratic socialism is conflated either with the pink tide in Latin America, especially with Venezuela, or with communism in the
Social_democracy
Political coalition between parties
Internationalist–defencist schism Frankfurt Declaration Godesberg Program Pink tide Pasokification Intellectuals Bernstein Cantor Crosland Engels Hilferding
Red–green_alliance
President of Peru from 2011 to 2016
campaign received widespread international attention in 2006 given the pink tide in Latin America. In the 2011 Peruvian general election, Humala ran again
Ollanta_Humala
a president. Most female presidents in Latin America are part of the pink tide movement, which espouses ideologies on the left of the spectrum such as
List of female presidents in Latin America
List_of_female_presidents_in_Latin_America
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Democracy_in_the_Americas
Encounter Party, and We Are (SOMOS), which grew out of the Marea Rosa (lit. 'pink tide'), a citizens' movement that defended the INE's autonomy against Andrés
2027 Mexican legislative election
2027_Mexican_legislative_election
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
List of regions of Latin America
List_of_regions_of_Latin_America
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Spanish language in the Americas
Spanish_language_in_the_Americas
2002–2006 mass political campaign in Cuba
of the population. Cuba also began forging closer diplomatic ties with Pink tide governments, often providing medical services. The Battle of Ideas came
Battle_of_Ideas
Centre-left political party in Germany
Internationalist–defencist schism Frankfurt Declaration Godesberg Program Pink tide Pasokification Intellectuals Bernstein Cantor Crosland Engels Hilferding
Social Democratic Party of Germany
Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany
Political party in Ecuador
by Rafael Correa in April 2006, the party soon found success amid the "pink tide" period in Latin America. The party's early period in power (2007–2017)
Mover_(political_party)
Radical feminist movement
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
4B_movement
export subsidies (in some cases, reaching 50% of the product value). The pink tide refers to a period of "left-leaning" politics in Latin America throughout
Agriculture_in_Brazil
Political party in Spain
2011. The group was inspired by the populist leaders of Latin America's pink tide, which included Venezuela's Hugo Chávez and Bolivia's Evo Morales. In
Podemos (Spanish political party)
Podemos_(Spanish_political_party)
2019 book by Caroline Criado Perez
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Invisible Women: Exposing Data Bias in a World Designed for Men
Invisible_Women:_Exposing_Data_Bias_in_a_World_Designed_for_Men
President of Venezuela from 1999 to 2013
Latin America. His 14-year presidency marked the start of the socialist "pink tide" sweeping Latin America—he supported Latin American and Caribbean cooperation
Hugo_Chávez
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Latin_American_art
Political ideology advocating gradual change
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Reformism
Political ideology
Share Our Wealth Radical right United States Europe Revolutions of 1989 Pink tide Great Recession Tea Party movement Occupy movement Brexit Election of
Janismo
Anti-government protests
economic policies. These left-wing governments (often referred to as a Pink tide) have pursued some policies that departed from those of the previous two
Latin_American_spring
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Portuguese colonization of the Americas
Portuguese_colonization_of_the_Americas
President of Germany from 1919 to 1925
Internationalist–defencist schism Frankfurt Declaration Godesberg Program Pink tide Pasokification Intellectuals Bernstein Cantor Crosland Engels Hilferding
Friedrich_Ebert
Political party in Brazil
(2017). Dominant Elites in Latin America: From Neo-Liberalism to the 'Pink Tide'. Springer. p. 212. ISBN 9783319532554. In Brazil, as Simone Bohn makes
Workers'_Party_(Brazil)
American public charity and fiscal sponsor
Tides Foundation. The Tides Foundation has funded Jewish Voice for Peace, the Council on American Islamic Relations, IfNotNow, Code Pink, and the Westchester
Tides_Foundation
Left-wing political philosophy
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Social_progressivism
Provincial political party in Canada
Internationalist–defencist schism Frankfurt Declaration Godesberg Program Pink tide Pasokification Intellectuals Bernstein Cantor Crosland Engels Hilferding
British Columbia New Democratic Party
British_Columbia_New_Democratic_Party
Political party in Argentina
p. 14. ISBN 978-1-4214-0110-2. Ellner, Steve (2020). Latin America's Pink Tide: Breakthroughs and Shortcomings. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 7. ISBN 9781538125649
Justicialist_Party
2009 American film
of Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez, and account for the continent's "pink tide" leftward tilt. A key feature is also Venezuela's recent Bolivarian revolution
South of the Border (2009 film)
South_of_the_Border_(2009_film)
America, and other developing regions increased. In Latin America, the Pink tide was a political wave and perception of a turn towards left-wing governments
Political history of the world
Political_history_of_the_world
President of Colombia since 2026
both ends of the political spectrum. Into the early 2020s, there was a "pink tide", but that by the mid-2020s there was a "conservative wave" and citizens
Abelardo_de_la_Espriella
Political and economic integration of Latin American states
level. Coinciding with the shift to the left in Latin American politics (pink tide), the political left surpassed the right and, at least in the case of
Latin_American_integration
Process of extracting resources from the earth
Neo-extractivist models are most commonly connected with the 'Pink Tide' governments of the 21st century. Pink Tide governments claimed that intense extractivism was
Extractivism
Filipino political scientist and author
American "Pink Tide" progressive movements could serve a potential inspiration for the Philippines, especially given the massive mobilization of the "Pink Movement"
Richard_Heydarian
President of Mexico from 2018 to 2024
Manuel López Obrador ¿Quién es el señor López? – a 2006 documentary film Pink tide History of Mexico History of democracy in Mexico Politics of Mexico Mexican
Andrés_Manuel_López_Obrador
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
List of Latin American cities by population
List_of_Latin_American_cities_by_population
Political ideology emphasising social ownership of production
socialist parties in Latin America. Its members were associated with the pink tide of left-wing governments on the continent in the early 21st century. Member
Socialism
President of Ecuador from 2007 to 2017
general election. Correa's presidency was part of the Latin American pink tide, a turn toward leftist governments in the region, allying himself with
Rafael_Correa
Canadian author and activist (born 1970)
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Naomi_Klein
Citizens of Latin American countries
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Latin_Americans
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Etiquette_in_Latin_America
1590/S0102-8529.2016380100001. No matter the shades of pink in the Latin American 'pink tide', and recalling that political change was not the norm for
History_of_communism
Political umbrella term
International. In the 21st century, a surge in leftist governments called the pink tide occurred in Latin America. Latin American socialism of the 21st century
Third_World_socialism
1971 book by Saul Alinsky
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Rules_for_Radicals
Grantmaking network founded by George Soros
causes around the world, and has also contributed to groups such as the Tides Foundation. The OSF has been a major financial supporter of US immigration
Open_Society_Foundations
Political ideology promoting free-market capitalism
fueled a resurgence of extremist nationalism. In Latin America, the "pink tide" that swept leftist governments into power at the turn of the millennium
Neoliberalism
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
History of sport in Latin America
History_of_sport_in_Latin_America
Broad culinary traditions
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Latin_American_cuisine
Political ideology emphasising the "common people"
in the late 1990s and extended into the 21st century, in the so-called pink tide. It was characterized by left-wing populist governments emphasizing social
Populism
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Religion_in_Latin_America
Political international of socialist, social democratic and labour parties
the following decade, many left-wing parties that came to power in the Pink Tide, in countries including Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Honduras
Socialist_International
Concept in political economy
Internationalist–defencist schism Frankfurt Declaration Godesberg Program Pink tide Pasokification Intellectuals Bernstein Cantor Crosland Engels Hilferding
Decommodification
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Australia–Latin America relations
Australia–Latin_America_relations
Political party in the Dominican Republic
Share Our Wealth Radical right United States Europe Revolutions of 1989 Pink tide Great Recession Tea Party movement Occupy movement Brexit Election of
Dominican_Revolutionary_Party
Political party in Mexico
rosa, va en busca de 256.000 afiliados para 2027" ['We Are Mexico', the 'Pink Tide' party, is aiming to recruit 256,000 members by 2027]. El País (in Spanish)
We_Are_(Mexico)
than ever, I am obliged to move Venezuela's path towards socialism." The pink tide is a term used in the 2000s in political analysis in the media and elsewhere
History of democratic socialism
History_of_democratic_socialism
Concept in political philosophy
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Social_justice
British socialist organisation founded in 1884
liberalism U.S. Modern U.S. Progressive liberalism and the New Deal New Left Pink tide Progressive Christianity Progressive Era Progress Studies Progressive
Fabian_Society
Turkish nationalist political ideology
Share Our Wealth Radical right United States Europe Revolutions of 1989 Pink tide Great Recession Tea Party movement Occupy movement Brexit Election of
Kemalism
38th president of Brazil. Although the conservative wave weakened the Pink Tide and restored right-wing governments across Latin America throughout the
2010s_in_politics
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Ireland–Latin America relations
Ireland–Latin_America_relations
President of Paraguay from 2003 to 2008
the past decade, turning away from neoliberalism to instead embrace the pink tide and 21st century socialism. Overall, the Paraguayan economy grew during
Nicanor_Duarte
Organization of countries of Latin America and the Caribbean
Falangism Liberalism and conservatism Populism International peacekeeping Pink tide United States-led regime changes Economy Agriculture Agroecology CAF –
Latin_American_Parliament
Premier of Saskatchewan from 1944 to 1961
Internationalist–defencist schism Frankfurt Declaration Godesberg Program Pink tide Pasokification Intellectuals Bernstein Cantor Crosland Engels Hilferding
Tommy_Douglas
Book by Barry Cannon
maintained power, despite threats from the pink tide of left-wing movements. Published at a time when the pink tide was waning, Cannon predicted the subsequent
The Right in Latin America: Elite Power, Hegemony and the Struggle for the State
The_Right_in_Latin_America:_Elite_Power,_Hegemony_and_the_Struggle_for_the_State
Topics referred to by the same term
the United States Political tsunami, a term used in Malaysian politics Pink tide, a term used in Latin America This disambiguation page lists articles
Political_wave
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PINK TIDE
PINK TIDE
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PINK TIDE
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PINK TIDE
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PINK TIDE
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