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Chess rule
In chess, the threefold repetition rule states that a player may claim a draw if the same position occurs three times during the game. The rule is also
Threefold_repetition
Result of a chess game ending in a tie
(when the player to move is not in check but has no legal move), threefold repetition (when the same position occurs three times with the same player to
Draw_(chess)
stalemate, by a dead position, by the threefold repetition rule, by the fifty-move rule, by the fivefold repetition rule, and by the seventy-five-move rule
Glossary_of_chess
Method to convey chess moves
(for example, whether or not a game can be claimed a draw under the threefold repetition rule). The term "algebraic notation" may be considered a misnomer
Algebraic_notation_(chess)
Form of song
"Ordinary". The Kyrie consists of a threefold repetition of "Kyrie eleison" ("Lord, have mercy"), a threefold repetition of "Christe eleison" ("Christ have
Gregorian_chant
Advantage of White over Black in chess
Lasker's idea – scoring being stalemated, bare king, and causing a threefold repetition as quarter-points – shows by far the greatest reduction of draws
First-move_advantage_in_chess
Rules of play for the game of chess
has changed through the years: The threefold repetition rule was added, although at some times up to six repetitions have been required, and the exact
Rules_of_chess
Chess situation in which one player can force a draw by repeatedly checking
rules of chess, but will eventually allow a draw claim by either threefold repetition or the fifty-move rule. Players usually agree to a draw long before
Perpetual_check
Upcoming chess match between Gukesh Dommaraju and Javokhir Sindarov
occurred before black's 40th move is permitted only if it is due to threefold repetition or stalemate and if approved by the Chief Arbiter or Deputy Arbiter
World_Chess_Championship_2026
Chess opening
Qe6 12.Qd4 Qd6 13.Qe4+ Qe6 14.Qd4 Qd6, where the game ends after a threefold repetition draw claim on move 14, or soon after. The line is not a forced draw
Berlin_Defence
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
King's_Indian_Attack
Chess match between Ding Liren and Gukesh Dommaraju
Black's 40th move. A draw claim before then was only permitted if a threefold repetition or stalemate had occurred. Prior to the match, Ding and Gukesh had
World_Chess_Championship_2024
Chess opening
nicknamed the Double Bongcloud. The game was intentionally drawn by threefold repetition after the players shuffled their kings back and forth, and the opening
Bongcloud_Attack
Chess move
not legal in that particular position. In the context of threefold and fivefold repetition, two otherwise identical positions with different castling
Castling
Greek lyric poem by Sappho
lines portray Aphrodite "humorous[ly] chiding" Sappho, with the threefold repetition of δηυτε followed by the hyperbolic and lightly mocking τίς σ', ὦ
Ode_to_Aphrodite
Chess match between Viswanathan Anand and Veselin Topalov
Kf2 Ra2+ 43.Ke3 Ra3+ 44.Kf2 Ra2+ 45.Ke3 Ra3+ 46.Kf2 ½–½ A draw by threefold repetition. 14...Rg8! Black plans Bd6, Ke7, f6, Rgc8, Bg8, etc. White actually
World_Chess_Championship_2010
Pali formula of approbation
religious traditions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. The threefold repetition of sādhu is a common Buddhist ritual symbolizing the Three Jewels
Sādhu_(Pali_word)
Traditional board game for two players
moves have been completed or even forbidding draw offers altogether. Threefold repetition: This most commonly occurs when neither side is able to avoid repeating
Chess
Game piece for playing chess
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Chess_piece
Match between Bobby Fischer and Boris Spassky
Spassky twice avoided a draw by threefold repetition. After 54 moves, Fischer made an incorrect claim of threefold repetition, but Spassky agreed to a draw
World_Chess_Championship_1972
Chess match between Magnus Carlsen and Ian Nepomniachtchi
draw claim before then was permitted only through the arbiter, if a threefold repetition or stalemate had occurred. Prior to the match, Nepomniachtchi and
World_Chess_Championship_2021
Chess variant played on two chessboards by four players in teams of two
the reserve pieces in evaluating threefold repetition, but both FICS and chess.com rule a draw by threefold repetition on the board without considering
Bughouse_chess
Notation for describing a chess game position
does not provide sufficient information to decide whether a draw by threefold repetition may be legally claimed or a draw offer may be accepted; for that
Forsyth–Edwards_Notation
Chess-playing automaton hoax (1770–1854)
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Mechanical_Turk
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Fried_Liver_Attack
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Sicilian_Defence
Situation in chess without a legal move
and threefold repetition as ¾–¼ brings it all the way down to 22.6%. (The same reduction of draws would occur if stalemate, bare king, and threefold repetition
Stalemate
First official World Chess Championship match
30.Nh6+ Kg7 31.Nf5+ Kf7 32.Nh6+ Kg7 33.Nf5+ Kf7 34.Nh6+ Kg7 (The threefold repetition rule was not in force during this match, the position had to be repeated
World_Chess_Championship_1886
Chess term whereby the players agree to a draw
could not draw by agreement, but they could have draws by stalemate, threefold repetition, the fifty-move rule, and insufficient material. Other draws are
Draw_by_agreement
1996 and 1997 chess matches
Agreement) If White plays 50.g8=Q, then Black can force a draw by threefold repetition, starting with 50...Rd1+ and then 51...Rd2+. Deep Blue–Kasparov,
Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov
Deep_Blue_versus_Garry_Kasparov
Chess pattern of development
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Fianchetto
Second part of Dante's Divine Comedy
on the poem remains strong. Dante's farewell to Virgil, with the threefold repetition of Virgil's name, echoes a passage from Virgil's Georgics, wherein
Purgatorio
Open-source online chess platform
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Lichess
Rule in shogi
and Watanabe playing White. Threefold repetition (a similar rule in western chess) Perpetual check (a type of repetition in western chess, but illegal
Sennichite
Internet chess server
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Chess.com
System of points scoring in the game of chess
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Chess_scoring
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Queen's_Gambit
Chess opening
solid opening, the London System has been criticized for resulting in repetitive games and a lack of dynamic play. White can instead adopt a more flexible
London_System
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Caro–Kann_Defence
Chess match between Ian Nepomniachtchi and Ding Liren
Black's 40th move. A draw claim before then was only permitted if a threefold repetition or stalemate has occurred. The pre-match head-to-head score between
World_Chess_Championship_2023
Chess opening
10.d4 Re8. One drawback of this line is that White can force a draw by repetition with 11.Ng5 Rf8 12.Nf3. The main line continues with 11.Nbd2 Bf8. Here
Ruy_Lopez
Mobile video game by Zach Gage
loses the game, and no draws can be claimed for reasons such as threefold repetition. As such, the game does not end when only the kings remain. Really
Really_Bad_Chess
Chess game played in London in 1851
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Immortal_Game
Chess game played by Garry Kasparov
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Kasparov's_Immortal
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Benko_Gambit
Chess piece
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Bishop_(chess)
Oldest known evidence of Christianity north of the Alps
connections to the communal life of an early Christian group. The threefold repetition of the adjective "holy" is most plausibly understood within the context
Frankfurt_silver_inscription
2022 Chess tournament
position, but he was eventually able to reach a drawn position upon threefold repetition. One of the biggest upsets in the first round happened in the match
Open event at the 44th Chess Olympiad
Open_event_at_the_44th_Chess_Olympiad
Infinite binary sequence generated by repeated complementation and concatenation
showed how to circumvent the threefold repetition rule aimed at preventing infinitely protracted games by declaring repetition of moves a draw. At the time
Thue–Morse_sequence
American chess player (1933–2024)
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Lisa_Lane
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Barnes_Opening
Chess piece
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Queen_(chess)
Fictional chess game from Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Poole_versus_HAL_9000
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Traxler_Counterattack
Finding an optimal algorithm for playing chess
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Solving_chess
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Danish_Gambit
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Smith–Morra_Gambit
Style of chess, 18th to 19th century
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Romantic_chess
Chess match between Viswanathan Anand and Magnus Carlsen
slightly inaccurate, and he accepted a draw after 16 moves in lieu of a threefold repetition. Réti Opening, King's Indian Attack (ECO A07) 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 g6
World_Chess_Championship_2013
Chess positions with few pieces where none of them are a pawn
captured (otherwise, the game would have eventually been a draw by threefold repetition). The queen versus rook endgame was one of the first endgames completely
Pawnless_chess_endgame
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Bishop's_Opening
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
English_Opening
Book of the Bible
for example Zephaniah 1:2–3 in the English Standard Version, cf. threefold repetition of "consume" in the New King James Version Attridge & Meeks 2006
Book_of_Zephaniah
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Réti_Opening
List of codes used to classify chess openings
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
List_of_ECO_codes
Reference work on chess openings
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings
Encyclopaedia_of_Chess_Openings
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Albin_Countergambit
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Italian_Game
Chess opening
black king repeating the board position twice, threatening draw by threefold repetition. In the final position White had a knight for Black's two passed
Anderssen's_Opening
Chess opening
queen and bishop moves. It was also listed in the 1497 Lucena's book Repetition of Love and the Art of Playing Chess with 150 Games. Analysis by Scandinavian
Scandinavian_Defense
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Zukertort_Opening
Methods for describing chess moves and/or positions
example about whether an illegal move has been made or whether a threefold repetition has occurred. In addition, if the time control requires the players
Chess_notation
Chess match between Magnus Carlsen and Viswanathan Anand
was the Berlin Defence of the Ruy Lopez. The game was drawn due to threefold repetition on the 20th move. This game included no original moves. The draw
World_Chess_Championship_2014
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
King's_Indian_Defence
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Catalan_Opening
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Blackmar–Diemer_Gambit
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Owen's_Defence
Chapter of the New Testament
handing over to the natural consequences of human choices. This threefold repetition shows a progression in Paul's argument about the consequences of
Romans_1
Flag of republic within Russian Federation
three-fold repetitive ancient solar sign (an eight-pointed star), symbolizes the sunlight that gives life and protects well-being. Threefold repetition of the
Flag_of_Chuvashia
Computer chess competition
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
World Computer Chess Championship
World_Computer_Chess_Championship
Details of the rules for the abstract strategy board game for two players
the threefold repetition rule of Western chess, it differs from it significantly in nature; the superko rule bans moves that would cause repetition, whereas
Rules_of_Go
Competition finished with identical or inconclusive results
(and its extension, seventy-five-move rule), threefold repetition (and its extension, fivefold repetition), or neither player having sufficient material
Tie_(draw)
Polish-American chess grandmaster (1911–1992)
rooks, thus draining much of the tension in the position. A draw by threefold repetition of position soon ensued. In his last game with White, Reshevsky had
Samuel_Reshevsky
Chess championship held between chess engines
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Top_Chess_Engine_Championship
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Scotch_Game
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Sicilian Defence, Sveshnikov Variation
Sicilian_Defence,_Sveshnikov_Variation
and it's not by agreement of players like the fifty-move-rule.) Threefold repetition – if the same position has occurred three times with the same player
Outline_of_chess
Soviet-Armenian chess grandmaster (1929–1984)
confusing his opponents in the opening and threatening draws by threefold repetition in the endgame. In a game against Mark Taimanov during the 1955 USSR
Tigran_Petrosian
Approach to formal semantics
an underlying model; logical dialogues, with a non-repetition rule (similar to threefold repetition in Chess). Genot and Jacot (2017) proved that players
Game_semantics
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Grob's_Attack
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Nimzowitsch_Defence
In board games that cannot end in a draw, one of the two players has a winning strategy
not a finite game without at least one of the fifty move rule or threefold repetition rule. Strictly speaking, chess is an infinite game therefore backward
Zermelo's theorem (game theory)
Zermelo's_theorem_(game_theory)
Historic chess tournament
inadvertently conceded a draw to Korchnoi by threefold repetition in a won position (Brady 1973:163). (See Threefold repetition#Portisch vs. Korchnoi, 1970). The
Chess matches of Russia and the Soviet Union against the rest of the World
Chess_matches_of_Russia_and_the_Soviet_Union_against_the_rest_of_the_World
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Bird's_Opening
Chess rule for claiming a draw
bishop versus rook endgame.) Chess endgame § Longest known forced win Threefold repetition Hooper & Whyld 1992, p. 134 Reuben Fine (1941). Basic Chess Endings
Fifty-move_rule
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon
Sicilian_Defence,_Accelerated_Dragon
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Alekhine's_Defence
Unusually bad move in chess
himself apparently, as he refused a draw by avoiding a potential threefold repetition on 29...Qa7. Kramnik's troubles began when he decided to play for
Blunder_(chess)
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Benoni_Defense
Chess opening
Checkmate Draw by agreement Fifty-move rule Perpetual check Stalemate Threefold repetition En passant Pawn promotion Time control Fast chess Touch-move rule
Modern_Defense
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