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Process by which heat is transferred within an object
Thermal conduction is the diffusion of thermal energy (heat) within one material or between materials in contact. The higher temperature object has molecules
Thermal_conduction
Capacity of a material to conduct heat
is the thermal conductivity, and ∇ T {\displaystyle \nabla T} is the temperature gradient. This is known as Fourier's law for heat conduction. Although
Thermal conductivity and resistivity
Thermal_conductivity_and_resistivity
Thermal engineering discipline concerning transfer of heat in physical systems
transfer is classified into various mechanisms, such as thermal conduction, thermal convection, thermal radiation, transfer of energy by phase changes, and
Heat_transfer
Process of removing waste heat from a computer
developed three generations of the Thermal Conduction Module (TCM) which used a water-cooled cold plate in direct thermal contact with integrated circuit
Computer_cooling
Minimization of heat transfer
Thermal insulation provides a region of insulation in which thermal conduction is reduced, creating a thermal break or thermal barrier, or thermal radiation
Thermal_insulation
Materials' resistance to heat transfer
In heat transfer, thermal engineering, and thermodynamics, thermal conductance and thermal resistance are fundamental concepts that describe the ability
Thermal conductance and resistance
Thermal_conductance_and_resistance
Type of energy transfer
does not contain heat. Heat can enter or leave a body of matter by thermal conduction, by electromagnetic radiation, or through friction due to macroscopic
Heat
Outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere
000–2,000,000 miles per hour (970,000–3,220,000 km/h). In the corona thermal conduction occurs from the external hotter atmosphere towards the inner cooler
Solar_corona
History of physical crystallography to 1895
electrical conduction, magnetic properties, and dielectric properties. The effect of temperature change on crystals is covered in: thermal expansion, thermal conduction
Physical crystallography before X-rays
Physical_crystallography_before_X-rays
Topics referred to by the same term
conductor Mixed conductor, ionic and electronic Cardiac conduction system, of the heart Thermal conduction Bus conductor Conductor (train crew) Conductor (architecture)
Conductor
Rate of transfer of heat through matter, expressed as a U-value
convection and thermal conduction are taken into account in the U-value. Although it has the same units as heat transfer coefficient, thermal transmittance
Thermal_transmittance
Amount of heat a computer's cooling system must dissipate
conduction coupled with forced convection) such as a heat sink with a fan, or any of the two passive cooling methods: thermal radiation or conduction
Thermal_design_power
Measure of how well an object, per unit of area, resists conductive flow of heat
weighted R-value is 1/0.0629 ≈ 15.9. Thermal conductivity is conventionally defined as the rate of thermal conduction through a material per unit area per
R-value_(insulation)
State of no net thermal energy flow between two connected systems
reach internal thermal equilibrium.[citation needed] Heat can flow into or out of a closed system by way of thermal conduction or of thermal radiation to
Thermal_equilibrium
Energy that is measured by temperature
The term "thermal energy" is often used ambiguously in physics and engineering. It can denote several different physical concepts, including: Internal
Thermal_energy
Substance used to remove limescale from surfaces
build-up inside a pipe reduces both liquid flow and thermal conduction from the pipe, so will reduce thermal efficiency when used as a heat exchanger.
Descaling_agent
Object reducing thermal resistance
materials to create thermal breaks. Heat transfer occurs through three mechanisms: convection, radiation, and conduction. A thermal bridge is an example
Thermal_bridge
Scheele distinguished heat transfer by thermal radiation (radiant heat) from that by convection and conduction in 1777. In the 17th century, it came to
History_of_thermodynamics
Accounting of heat created within the Earth
absorbed from non-reflected insolation flows inward only by means of thermal conduction, and thus penetrates only a few dozen centimeters on the daily cycle
Earth's_internal_heat_budget
Applies an electric current to heat or cool materials
electrical efficiency but let more heat leak from the hot to cold side by thermal conduction. For large temperature differences, longer pillars are far less efficient
Thermoelectric_heat_pump
Entropy production in Newtonian fluids
Newtonian fluid subject to thermal conduction and viscous forces: ρ T D s D t ⏟ Heat Gain = ∇ ⋅ ( κ ∇ T ) ⏟ Thermal Conduction + μ 2 ( ∂ v i ∂ x j + ∂ v
General equation of heat transfer
General_equation_of_heat_transfer
Electron energy bands which determine the electrical conductivity of a material
then the flow of electrons from valence to conduction band is possible only if an external energy (thermal, etc.) is supplied; these groups with small
Valence_and_conduction_bands
Electromagnetic radiation generated by the thermal motion of particles
glow is called incandescence. Thermal radiation is one of the fundamental mechanisms of heat transfer, along with conduction and convection. The primary
Thermal_radiation
Spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater
activity, this heat flows through the crust by a slow process of thermal conduction, but in volcanic areas, the heat is carried to the surface more rapidly
Hot_spring
American electrical engineer (1887–1970)
and graduated with his PhD in 1914; his dissertation concerned "Thermal Conduction and Radiation". This followed his 1913 co-authoring of a book on the
Otto_Julius_Zobel
Delayed temperature response
process of conduction only, the thermal inertia response at a surface can be approximated from the material's thermal effusivity, also called thermal responsivity
Thermal_inertia
Surface area per unit volume
governed by the heat equation, that is, diffusion and heat transfer by thermal conduction. SA:V is used to explain the diffusion of small molecules, like oxygen
Surface-area-to-volume_ratio
Ability of a material to exchange energy with surroundings
generally include thermal conduction, convection, radiation and phase changes. The diffusive process of conduction may dominate the thermal behavior of solid
Thermal_effusivity
Fluid used to maximize thermal contact
Thermal paste (also called thermal compound, thermal grease, thermal interface material (TIM), thermal gel, heat paste, heat sink compound, heat sink paste
Thermal_paste
Vertical rate of change of temperature in atmosphere
heating the atmosphere directly. Thermal conduction helps transfer heat from the surface to the air; this conduction occurs within the few millimeters
Lapse_rate
Where fluid motion is generated by an external source
suction device, etc.). Alongside natural convection, thermal radiation, and thermal conduction it is one of the methods of heat transfer and allows significant
Forced_convection
Type of heating device
move through the appliance and across its heating element, using thermal conduction to warm the air and decrease its density relative to colder air, causing
Convection_heater
Flow of electric charge
auroras. Man-made occurrences of electric current include the flow of conduction electrons in metal wires such as the overhead power lines that deliver
Electric_current
Study of heat conduction between solid bodies
In physics, thermal contact conductance is the study of heat conduction between solid or liquid bodies in thermal contact. The thermal contact conductance
Thermal_contact_conductance
History of crystallography to 1895
is a symmetric tensor of second rank. The first experiments on thermal conduction in crystals were carried out by Jean-Marie Duhamel in 1832. Henri Hureau
History of crystallography before X-rays
History_of_crystallography_before_X-rays
Satisfaction with the thermal environment
Thermal comfort is the condition of mind that expresses subjective satisfaction with the thermal environment. The human body can be viewed as a heat engine
Thermal_comfort
Form of electromagnetic radiation
Unlike heat transmitted by thermal conduction or thermal convection, thermal radiation can propagate through a vacuum. Thermal radiation is characterized
Infrared
turbulence for instance) is the dominant mechanism compared to conduction. This table shows thermal conductivity in SI units of watts per metre-kelvin (W·m−1·K−1)
List of thermal conductivities
List_of_thermal_conductivities
Hard, chalky deposit of calcium carbonate
through the pipe and thermal conduction from the liquid to the outer pipe shell. Both effects will reduce the pipe's overall thermal efficiency in a heat
Limescale
Hexagonal lattice made of carbon atoms
ratio. It can be shown by using the Wiedemann–Franz law, that the thermal conduction is phonon-dominated. However, for a gated graphene strip, an applied
Graphene
Thermal insulation using several thin layers
thermal losses such as heat conduction or convection. It is therefore commonly used on satellites and other applications in vacuum where conduction and
Multi-layer_insulation
Austrian-Swedish nuclear physicist (1878–1968)
Meitner's thesis was published as Wärmeleitung in inhomogenen Körpern ('Thermal Conduction in Inhomogeneous Bodies') on 22 February 1906. Paul Ehrenfest asked
Lise_Meitner
American engineer and academic (born 1967)
Who's Who. 1994. ISBN 978-0-8379-1113-7. Goodson, Kenneth E. (1993). Thermal conduction in microelectronic circuits (Thesis). Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Kenneth_E._Goodson
Flat, horizontal concrete element of modern buildings
of mitigating the effects of thermal conduction is to introduce insulation . The second consideration is the high thermal mass of concrete slabs, which
Concrete_slab
Elliptic partial differential equation
above trace is not sign-definite. Thermal conduction is modelled via the Heat equation. Stationary state heat conduction with a source term is modelled via
Poisson's_equation
Direct induction heating of cooking vessels
cooking provides fast heating, improved thermal efficiency, and more consistent heating than cooking by thermal conduction. Generally, the higher the power rating
Induction_cooking
Material of moderate electrical conductivity
of the conduction band can be understood as adding electrons to that band. The electrons do not stay indefinitely (due to the natural thermal recombination)
Semiconductor
cases phonon-boundary scattering effects dominate the thermal conduction processes, reducing thermal conductivity. Depending on the nanostructure size, the
Thermal transport in nanostructures
Thermal_transport_in_nanostructures
Material used for thermal insulation
some of which are quite demanding. These properties include low thermal conduction making it useful as an insulator. It also has low density compared
Polyurethane_foam
Partial differential equation describing the evolution of temperature in a region
Bahan (2011), Heat conduction using Green's functions, Series in Computational and Physical Processes in Mechanics and Thermal Sciences (2nd ed.), Boca
Heat_equation
needed] Thermal conduction modules: IBM introduces the 3081 processor, the company's most powerful to date, which features Thermal Conduction Modules
History_of_IBM
Model compatible with special relativity
Relativistic heat conduction refers to the modelling of heat conduction (and similar diffusion processes) in a way compatible with special relativity
Relativistic_heat_conduction
Insulating material made from fibers of glass
for a new process to make glass wool in 1933. Gases possess poor thermal conduction properties compared to liquids and solids and thus make good insulation
Glass_wool
Model of electrical conduction
electrical conduction in metals was proposed in 1900 by Paul Drude, and refined by Hendrik Lorentz in 1905. The Drude model attempts to explain conduction in
Drude_model
Shaped pairs of sticks used as kitchen and eating utensils
Bamboo and wooden chopsticks are relatively inexpensive, low in thermal conduction, and provide good grip for holding food. They can warp and deteriorate
Chopsticks
Thermodynamic property
around. energy portal Heat transfer coefficient Heat transfer Thermal conduction Thermal conductivity Heat flux Watt Flux "Heat and mass transfer" (PDF)
Rate_of_heat_flow
A thermal oscillator is a system where conduction along thermal gradients overshoots thermal equilibrium, resulting in thermal oscillations where parts
Thermal_oscillator
Storage of heat or cold for periods of up to several months
heat conduction to and from thermally isolated, moisture-protected soil as a seasonal storage method for space heating, with direct conduction as the
Seasonal thermal energy storage
Seasonal_thermal_energy_storage
Cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide
into more zirconia. Consequently, the surrounding powder heats up by thermal conduction, begins melting and, in turn, becomes electroconductive, and thus
Cubic_zirconia
Equation of statistical mechanics
Non-uniform Gases: An Account of the Kinetic Theory of Viscosity, Thermal Conduction and Diffusion in Gases. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-40844-8
Boltzmann_equation
Topics referred to by the same term
For Thermal conductance see: Thermal contact conductance Thermal conduction Thermal conductivity List of thermal conductivities Thermal conductance and
Thermal_conductance
In situ thermal desorption (or thermal conduction heating) is an advanced soil remediation technology where heat and sometimes vacuum are applied directly
In_situ_thermal_desorption
Understanding of gas properties in terms of molecular motion
Non-uniform Gases: An Account of the Kinetic Theory of Viscosity, Thermal Conduction and Diffusion in Gases, (first edition 1939, second edition 1952)
Kinetic_theory_of_gases
Region of a star
transported toward the exterior by means of radiative diffusion and thermal conduction, rather than by convection. Energy travels through the radiative zone
Radiative_zone
Materials whose temperature variance leads to voltage change
coefficient, κ L {\displaystyle \kappa _{\rm {L}}} is the lattice thermal conduction, and T {\displaystyle T} is temperature. The figure of merit, Z T
Thermoelectric_materials
Chemical kinetics equation
Non-uniform Gases: An Account of the Kinetic Theory of Viscosity, Thermal Conduction and Diffusion in Gases" (3rd Edition). Cambridge University Press
Eyring_equation
Low-Density Gases
distribution of molecular velocities, and on the theory of viscosity and thermal conduction, in a non-uniform simple monatomic gas". Philosophical Transactions
Rarefied_gas_dynamics
Physical quantity of hot and cold
to the colder system until they are in thermal equilibrium. Such heat transfer occurs by conduction or by thermal radiation. Experimental physicists, for
Temperature
Type of boiler
heat of the gases is transferred through the walls of the tubes by thermal conduction, heating the water and ultimately creating steam. The fire-tube boiler
Fire-tube_boiler
Type of heat transfer
be in thermal contact with another system if it can exchange energy through the process of heat. One type of this is thermal contact conduction, where
Thermal_contact
Stress in glass due to temperature difference
excessively and may result in thermal stress. Frame type and colour: insulating materials keep the edges cool but conduction materials are influenced by
Thermal_fracturing_in_glass
Type of nuclear reactor
which produces heat, heating the water in the primary coolant loop by thermal conduction through the fuel cladding. The hot primary coolant is pumped into
Pressurized_water_reactor
Simplification of a physical system into a network of discrete components
also includes thermal analogs of electrical resistance as well. The lumped-capacitance model is a common approximation in transient conduction, which may
Lumped-element_model
Device that converts heat flux into electrical energy
oil or beeswax coupled with metallic nanoparticles to facilitate thermal conduction into the material for efficient heat transfer. All of the practical
Thermoelectric_generator
Visible, gaseous part of a fire
thermal conduction dominates over species diffusion, so the flame speed and thickness is determined by the thermonuclear energy release and thermal conductivity
Flame
Cosmetic surgery to remove unwanted adipose tissue
cryolipolysis was developed to apply low temperatures to tissue via thermal conduction. In order to avoid frostbite, a specific temperature level and exposure
Fat_removal_procedures
Thermal insulation by clothing
of heat transfer: conduction (exchange of heat through contact), convection (movement of fluids), and radiation. Air has a low thermal conductivity but
Clothing_insulation
Process of heating an electrically conducting object by electromagnetic induction
copper-bottomed pans and aluminium pans are generally unsuitable. By thermal conduction, the heat induced in the base is transferred to the food inside. Induction
Induction_heating
Subfield of mechanical engineering specializing in movement of heat energy
Thermal engineering is a specialized sub-discipline of mechanical engineering that focuses on the storage, transfer, and conversion of heat energy within
Thermal_engineering
State of matter
due to their excellent heat-transfer capabilities. In addition to thermal conduction, liquids transmit energy by convection. In particular, because warmer
Liquid
Physics of the Earth and its vicinity
geotherm must also be determined. This requires physical theory for thermal conduction and convection and the heat contribution of radioactive elements.
Geophysics
American astrophysicist (born 1953)
Wall Street Journal. Balbus, Steven Andrew (1981). The effects of thermal conduction in high temperature astrophysical gas dynamics (PhD thesis). University
Steven_Balbus
Technology using sunlight for heat
molecules throughout the medium. These molecules spread their thermal energy by conduction and occupy more space than the cold slow moving molecules above
Solar_thermal_energy
Highly viscous, ductile, and mechanically weak region of Earth's mantle
ductile asthenosphere, these include a thermal boundary layer, above which heat is transported by thermal conduction and below which heat transfer is mainly
Asthenosphere
Rate at which heat spreads throughout a material
In thermodynamics, thermal diffusivity is the thermal conductivity divided by density and specific heat capacity at constant pressure. It is a measure
Thermal_diffusivity
State of thermodynamic systems where no net flow of matter or energy occurs
Non-uniform gases. An Account of the Kinetic Theory of Viscosity, Thermal Conduction and Diffusion in Gases, third edition 1970, Cambridge University Press
Thermodynamic_equilibrium
Type of water pipe
passes through the tobacco mixture where due to hot air convection and thermal conduction from the coal, the mainstream aerosol is produced. The vapor is passed
Hookah
Proportionality constant in some physical laws
non-uniform gases: an account of the kinetic theory of viscosity, thermal conduction, and diffusion in gases. Cambridge mathematical library (3rd ed.)
Mass_diffusivity
Seebeck coefficient. 1822 – Joseph Fourier proposes Fourier's law of thermal conduction and the heat equation. 1826 – Moritz Ludwig Frankenheim derives the
Timeline of condensed matter physics
Timeline_of_condensed_matter_physics
Corporate Offices in Somers, NY
Innovation Recognition "For the development of the multilayer ceramic thermal conduction module for high performance computers." Thomas J. Watson Research
IBM_Somers_Office_Complex
Indian astrophysicist
Space Flight Center, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Thesis "Thermal conduction and cooling of young neutron stars" (1979) Doctoral advisor Malvin
Alak_Ray
of heat transfer through a single droplet are: Thermal conduction through the droplet Thermal conduction in the substrate material Interphase matter transfer
Dropwise_condensation
Thermal electromagnetic radiation
basal rate. There are other important thermal loss mechanisms, including convection and evaporation. Conduction is negligible – the Nusselt number is
Black-body_radiation
Transport of dissolved species from the highest to the lowest concentration region
Non-uniform Gases: An Account of the Kinetic Theory of Viscosity, Thermal Conduction and Diffusion in Gases, Cambridge University Press (3rd edition),
Diffusion
Second-largest moon of Jupiter
determined by the balance of the radioactive heating, cooling through thermal conduction near the surface, and solid state or subsolidus convection in the
Callisto_(moon)
Device that applies heat to the base of cookware
a cooking vessel by magnetic induction instead of by radiation or thermal conduction from an electrical heating element or from a flame. Because inductive
Cooktop
Law of electrical current and voltage
He drew considerable inspiration from Joseph Fourier's work on heat conduction in the theoretical explanation of his work. For experiments, he initially
Ohm's_law
Heat-transfer device that employs phase transition
high for the gas to condense. Thermal conduction is still possible through the walls, but at a greatly reduced rate of thermal transfer. In addition, for
Heat_pipe
Branch of physics
mean free path, viscosity, and conduction. Physics portal Heat transfer physics Information theory Philosophy of thermal and statistical physics Thermodynamic
Thermal_physics
Type of episodic heating event
field is well organized, the thermal conduction is a competitive process. The energy losses due to the thermal conduction are of the same order of coronal
Nanoflare
THERMAL CONDUCTION
THERMAL CONDUCTION
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu
Lord Venkateshwara
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Occupation Name
Surname or Lastname
English (East Midlands)
English (East Midlands) : from the Middle English personal name Thurmond, Old Norse þormundr, composed of the elements þórr, name of the Norse god of thunder (see Thor) + mundr ‘protection’. Reaney and Wilson suggest that, Thurmond having been an uncommon personal name, this surname may also represent the commoner name Thurmod, Thormod with the second element derived from Old Norse móþr ‘mind’, ‘courage’, but assimilated to -mund (a common second element in other compound names).German (Thurmann) : habitational name for someone from a place called Thur (see Thur).German (Thurmann) : occupational name for a watchman, from Middle Low German torn(e)man (torn(e) ‘tower’) or Middle High German turn, turm ‘tower’ + man ‘man’.Respelling of Jewish (from Ukraine) Turman, a nickname from Yiddish turman ‘inconstant man’.
Female
Spanish
 Pet form of Spanish Theresa, THERA means "harvester." Compare with another form of Thera.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord venkateswara
Girl/Female
Greek
Ethereal.
Boy/Male
Assamese, Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Premier; Best
Girl/Female
Australian, Christian, Greek
Ethereal
Boy/Male
Scandinavian American
Thunder.' Surname.
Male
English
 English name derived from Latin Hermanus, HERMAN means "army man." Compare with another form of Herman.
Female
Greek
(ΘήÏα) Greek name THERA means "lustrous." In mythology, this is the name of one of Amphion's seven daughters. Compare with another form of Thera.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Thurman.Danish and North German (Thormann) : elaborated form of the personal name Thor + Mann ‘man’.
Boy/Male
English American German
Cuts the nap of woolen cloth. 'Shireman' In medieval times the shireman served as governor-judge...
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Cool Breeze; Encouraging
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Dutch, Slovenian, Croatian, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English, French, Dutch, Slovenian, Croatian, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements heri, hari ‘army’ + man ‘man’.Respelling of the German cognate Hermann.
Boy/Male
African, American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, German
Sheerer; Servant; Shear Man
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a sheepshearer or someone who used shears to trim the surface of finished cloth and remove excess nap, from Middle English shereman ‘shearer’.Americanized spelling of German Schuermann.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : occupational name for a tailor, from Yiddish sher ‘scissors’ + man ‘man’.Roger Sherman (1722–93), the only man to sign all three documents at the foundation of the American republic (the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the U.S. Constitution), was born in Newton, MA, a descendant of Capt. John Sherman, who had emigrated in about 1636 to MA from Dedham, Essex, England, where his father was a farmer, following his brother Edmund, who had emigrated two years earlier. A descendant of Edmund Sherman was the U.S. general William Tecumseh Sherman (1820–91), who led the Union march through GA. He was born in Lancaster, OH, the son of a judge; his middle name was bestowed in honor of a Shawnee chieftain.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Full; Complete; Solid
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Intelligent
Female
English
English name derived from the Greek word thelema, THELMA means "will." In use by the English.
THERMAL CONDUCTION
THERMAL CONDUCTION
Boy/Male
Indian
Strong, Health
Surname or Lastname
Irish
Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Seighin ‘descendant of Seighin’, possibly a derivative of séaghainn ‘accomplished’.English : nickname from Middle English schene ‘beautiful’ (Old English scīene).Americanized form of Ashkenazic Jewish or German Schein.
Girl/Female
Spanish
Famous warrior.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Earl.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Heaven
Girl/Female
English
Noble maiden.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Divine Fortune
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Victorious Protection
Girl/Female
Tamil
Wished for child
Boy/Male
American, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, English, French, Hebrew, Swedish
Jehovah is God; Form of Elijah; The Lord is My God
THERMAL CONDUCTION
THERMAL CONDUCTION
THERMAL CONDUCTION
THERMAL CONDUCTION
THERMAL CONDUCTION
a.
Theriac.
adv.
In an ethereal manner.
a.
Between the hemal arches or hemal spines.
a.
Of or pertaining to a theca; as, a thecal abscess.
a.
Formed of ether; ethereal.
a.
Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, ether; as, ethereal salts.
a.
Alt. of Theriacal
n.
An instrument for examining the thermal resistance or heat-conducting power of liquids.
a.
Of or pertaining to heat; due to heat; thermal; as, thermic lines.
n.
Alt. of Theriaca
a.
Light as air; ethereal.
a.
Pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere; celestial; as, ethereal space; ethereal regions.
v. t.
To render ethereal or spiritlike.
a.
Pertaining to the integument or skin of animals; dermic; as, the dermal secretions.
pl.
of Herma
n.
An ethereal or spiritlike state.
a.
Aerial; ethereal; incorporeal; visionary.
a.
Of or pertaining to heat; warm; hot; as, the thermal unit; thermal waters.
adv.
In a thermal manner.
n. pl.
Springs or baths of warm or hot water.