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Preparation method for polycrystalline solids
The solid-state reaction route is the most widely used method for the preparation of polycrystalline solids from a mixture of solid starting materials
Solid-state_reaction_route
Battery with solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte
A solid-state battery (SSB) is an electrical battery that uses a solid electrolyte to conduct ions between the electrodes, instead of the liquid or gel
Solid-state_battery
Chemical compound involving ionic bonding
reactants do not need to be melted, but instead can react through a solid-state reaction route. In this method, the reactants are repeatedly finely ground into
Salt_(chemistry)
Chemical compound
prepared by reacting lithium carbonate and molybdenum trioxide by a solid-state reaction route followed by recrystallization. A related lithium molybdenum oxide
Lithium_molybdate
combustion reactions in solids of different nature. Reactions can occur between a solid reactant coupled with either a gas, liquid, or other solid. If the
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
Self-propagating_high-temperature_synthesis
Chemical compound
condensation reaction between cyclohexanone and hydroxylamine: C5H10CO + H2NOH → C5H10C=NOH + H2O Alternatively, another industrial route involves the reaction of
Cyclohexanone_oxime
Chemical compound
It is a dark-red volatile solid that forms a red gas. The compound is a unique example of platinum in the +6 oxidation state. With only four d-electrons
Platinum_hexafluoride
Fuel cell that produces electricity by oxidization
then diffuse through the solid oxide electrolyte to the anode where they can electrochemically oxidize the fuel. In this reaction, water byproduct and two
Solid_oxide_fuel_cell
Type of catalysis involving reactants & catalysts in different phases of matter
typically involves solid phase catalysts and gas phase reactants. In this case, there is a cycle of molecular adsorption, reaction, and desorption occurring
Heterogeneous_catalysis
Chemical reaction damaging concrete
exchange reaction with portlandite. As a consequence, they disappear from the global mass balance equation of the catalyzed reaction. The surface of solid silica
Alkali–silica_reaction
Change in chemical reaction rate due to isotopic substitution
transition state (or, in rare cases, dissociation limit), and therefore, a slower reaction rate. The study of KIEs can help elucidate reaction mechanisms
Kinetic_isotope_effect
Chemical compound
desulfonation, giving, after acid workup, phenol This reaction was at one time, the principal route to phenol. Otto Lindner; Lars Rodefeld (2005). "Benzenesulfonic
Sodium_benzenesulfonate
Emission of light from electrochemical reactions
electrochemical reactions in solutions. In electrogenerated chemiluminescence, electrochemically generated intermediates undergo a highly exergonic reaction to produce
Electrochemiluminescence
Chemical compound
selenium with the chemical formula Na2Se. This colourless solid is prepared by the reaction of selenium with a solution of sodium in liquid ammonia at
Sodium_selenide
Chemical compound
Diphosphorus tetraiodide is an orange crystalline solid with the formula P2I4. It has been used as a reducing agent in organic chemistry. It is a rare
Diphosphorus_tetraiodide
Chemical Compound
C6H5OH + Na2SO3 This route once was the principal industrial route to phenol.[citation needed] Like other sodium alkoxides, solid sodium phenoxide adopts
Sodium_phenoxide
– Route Designer) - is an expert system to help chemists design viable synthetic routes for their target molecules; the knowledge base of reaction rules
List of computer-assisted organic synthesis software
List_of_computer-assisted_organic_synthesis_software
Electricity generation by nuclear fusion
for the plant's whole-life cost). Thermonuclear fusion reactions require fuel in a plasma state and a confined environment with high temperature, pressure
Fusion_power
Chemical compound
formula CLi4. It is an extremely pyrophoric red solid and is the lithium analog of methane. Its main route of production is by the lithiation of
Tetralithiomethane
Proposed spacelaunch method
possible drawback of the mass driver is that it has the potential to send solid reaction mass travelling at dangerously high relative speeds into useful orbits
Mass_driver
Complex oxide molecules that contain five or more metal ions
2O may be prepared by solid-state reaction of CuO, CoO, NiO, MgO, and ZnO. Rost et al. reported that under solid state reaction conditions that produce
High_entropy_oxide
Chemical compound
metal or its halides. Among various synthesis routes, electrochemical synthesis and solid state reactions have been developed to prepare finer titanium
Titanium_diboride
Chemical compound
synthetic route does not efficiently produce the 3-isomer, the route most commonly used by chemists is the chlorination of nitrobenzene. This reaction must
3-Nitrochlorobenzene
Chemical compound
(CH3NO2) solution. The reaction between boron trifluoride (BF3) and a benzene suspension of silver oxide (Ag2O) is yet another route, one that exploits the
Silver_tetrafluoroborate
Chemical Process
for solid oxide fuel cells and BaTiO3 (Lessing 1989). Unlike the sol–gel process in which the metal alkoxide participates in the gel-forming reactions this
Pechini_process
Compound containing the P3– ion or its equivalent
compounds, Ni2P and Ni12P5. These compounds were synthesized through a solid-liquid reaction between NiCl2·12H2O and red phosphorus at 200 °C for 24 and 48 hours
Phosphide
2015 video game
that announcing the game as part of Metal Gear Solid V would bias reactions to the engine. He stated the idea had been conceived and planned with Keighley
Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain
Metal_Gear_Solid_V:_The_Phantom_Pain
Chemical compound
equilibrated KOH/HCl solution, insoluble CrPO4 solid and aqueous cation solution yield a sorption reaction. Studies reveal that CrPO4 catalyzes the adsorption
Chromium(III)_phosphate
Chemical compound
spontaneously by the route 2 CO3 → 2 CO2 + O2 with a lifetime much shorter than 1 minute. Carbon trioxide can be made by blowing ozone at dry ice (solid CO2), and
Carbon_trioxide
Organic molecule containing two or more fused cyclobutane rings
solvent-free environment of the solid state can provide a solution to the problem of organizing two polyenes for an intramolecular reaction to give a ladderane.
Ladderane
Type of polymerization occurring at the interface of two immiscible phases
and second-order reaction kinetics. Interfacial polymerization has found much use in industrial applications, especially as a route to synthesize conducting
Interfacial_polymerization
Study of chemical compounds containing carbon-sodium bonds
tetraphenylborate can also be classified as an organosodium compound since in the solid state sodium is bound to the aryl groups. Organometal bonds in group 1 are
Organosodium_chemistry
Chemical compound
GeCl2. It is a yellow solid. Germanium dichloride is an example of a compound featuring germanium in the +2 oxidation state. Solid germanium dichloride
Germanium_dichloride
Chemical compound
available as a solution in tetrahydrofuran and as a solid. 9-BBN is especially useful in Suzuki reactions. Its highly regioselective addition on alkenes allows
9-Borabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane
Chemical compound
radiation. Several synthesis routes have been developed for processing Gd2O2S phosphors, including: solid state reaction method, reduction method, combustion
Gadolinium_oxysulfide
Chemical compound
acid is the chemical compound with the formula NOHSO4. It is a colourless solid that is used industrially in the production of caprolactam, and was formerly
Nitrosylsulfuric_acid
Chemical compound - an oxide of copper with formula CuO2
reported, with empirical formulae: Cu(O2)·H2O, a dark brown solid prepared by the reaction of freshly-made (blue) Cu(OH)2 with moderate-concentration solutions
Copper_peroxide
Chemical compound
inorganic compound with the formula EuCl3. The anhydrous compound is a yellow solid. Being hygroscopic it rapidly absorbs water to form a white crystalline
Europium(III)_chloride
Chemical reaction with oxidation state changes
chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state. Reduction
Redox
Class of chemical compounds
disproportionation is slow enough that the AlCl solid can be kept for long periods of time. AlCl is synthesized by reaction of liquid aluminium with gaseous HCl
Aluminium(I)_compounds
Organic reaction
organic reaction that forms an ester from a ketone or a lactone from a cyclic ketone, using peroxyacids or peroxides as the oxidant. The reaction is named
Baeyer–Villiger_oxidation
Chemical compound
copper-catalyzed oxidation of diphenylmethane with air. A laboratory route involves the reaction of benzene with carbon tetrachloride followed by hydrolysis of
Benzophenone
Chemical compound
"Synthesis of nanosized zirconium diboride powder via oxide-borohydride solid-state reaction". Scripta Materialia. 109: 100–103. doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015
Zirconium_diboride
Chemical compound
stereogenic centers. The route by which this complex structure is achieved through biosynthesis involves a series of reactions that, almost instantly,
Carpanone
Electrothermal thruster in development
engine had reached operational status. The key enabling technology, solid-state DC-RF power-processing, reached 98% efficiency. The helicon discharge
Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket
Variable_Specific_Impulse_Magnetoplasma_Rocket
Place in Los Angeles, United States
on the operations due to ongoing smoldering chemical reactions in a portion of the site. The solid-waste landfill had been disposing of residential and
Chiquita_Canyon_Landfill
Chemical compound
biphenyl molecule consists of two connected phenyl rings. Biphenyl is a solid at room temperature, with a melting point of 69.2 °C (156.6 °F). In the
Biphenyl
Chemical compound
chemically pure hydrochloric acid. This reaction can give a very pure product, e.g. for use in the food industry. The reaction can also be triggered by blue light
Hydrogen_chloride
Chemical compound
derived from the sulfonation of ethylene. However the most common route is the reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous sodium bisulfite, which produces
Isethionic_acid
Chemical compound
elevated temperatures in a batch reactor. The industrial route entails the high temperature reaction of aniline and carbon disulfide in the presence of sulfur
Mercaptobenzothiazole
Chemical compound
compound with the formula CH2C(O)NHC(O)NH. It is a colorless solid that arises from the reaction of glycolic acid and urea. It is an oxidized derivative of
Hydantoin
Electrodes with a conjunction of a solid, liquid and gaseous interface
conjunction of a solid, liquid and gaseous interface, and an electrical conducting catalyst supporting an electrochemical reaction between the liquid
Gas_diffusion_electrode
Group of chemicals
sodium complexes are trimeric, and the potassium complex is dimeric in solid state. The lithium reagent may be prepared from n-butyllithium and bis(trimethylsilyl)amine:
Metal bis(trimethylsilyl)amides
Metal_bis(trimethylsilyl)amides
Alloy used in nuclear weapon pits
fission chain reaction is started. This alloy was developed during the Manhattan Project. Metallic plutonium has several different solid allotropes. The
Plutonium–gallium_alloy
Chemical compound
Ga(CN)3. It is an air-sensitive white solid that decomposes at 450 °C. Gallium(III) cyanide is produced by the reaction of gallium(III) chloride and trimethylsilyl
Gallium(III)_cyanide
Chemical compound
di-tert-butylberyllium, Be(C[CH3]3)2 at 210°C. A route to highly pure samples involves the reaction of triphenylphosphine, PPh3, with beryllium borohydride
Beryllium_hydride
Chemical compound
organoiridium complex with the formula Ir(C6H4-C5H4N)3. The complex, a yellow-green solid, is a derivative of Ir3+ bound to three monoanionic 2-pyridinylphenyl ligands
Tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium
Chemical compound
It is a white solid, although samples often appear colored owing to impurities. Triphosphorus pentanitride can be produced by reactions between various
Triphosphorus_pentanitride
Chemical compound
precipitating solid sodium chloride: NaClO4 + HCl → NaCl + HClO4 The concentrated acid can be purified by distillation. The alternative route, which is more
Perchloric_acid
Inorganic chemical compound
disulfide is an inorganic compound with the formula TiS2. A golden yellow solid with high electrical conductivity, it belongs to a group of compounds called
Titanium_disulfide
Chemical compound
anhydrous carbonic acid: reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium bicarbonate at 100 K in methanol and proton irradiation of pure solid carbon dioxide. Chemically
Carbonic_acid
Chemical addition of an –SH and –C≡CH molecule
thiol-yne reaction (also known as alkyne hydrothiolation) is an organic reaction between a thiol (−SH) and an alkyne (−C≡CH). The reaction product is
Thiol-yne_reaction
Chemical compound
DCC and a catalytic amount of DMAP. In protein synthesis (such as Fmoc solid-state synthesizers), the N-terminus is often used as the attachment site on
N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
Chemical compound
be obtained by several routes. One route involves oxidation of diisopropylbenzene and the Hock rearrangement. The net reaction can be represented as follows:
1,4-Benzoquinone
Chemical compound
and M.M. Devillers, Precursors routes for the preparation of Nb based multimetallic oxides in Progress in Solid State Chemistry Research, Arte M. Newman
Niobium_pentoxide
Chemical compound
the presence of a solid acid. It can also be obtained by reaction of mesitylene with peroxymonophosphoric acid: An alternative route involves palladium-catalyzed
Mesitol
Chemical compound
It is a colorless solid. It is a precursor for the production of riboflavin (vitamin B2). The compound is prepared by two routes: hydrogenation of
3,4-Xylidine
Chemical compound
condensation of ethyl acetate and dimethyl phthalate. A related route entails the reaction of benzoyl chloride with malonyl dichloride. It also can be obtained
1,3-Indandione
Capacity of a substance to dissolve in a homogeneous way
in very extreme situations, and a solid or liquid can be "dissolved" in a gas only by passing into the gaseous state first. The solubility mainly depends
Solubility
Rocket engine power cycle
portion of hot exhaust gas from the rocket engine's combustion chamber and routes it through turbopump turbines to pump fuel before being exhausted (similar
Combustion_tap-off_cycle
Relocation of an electron from an atom or molecule to another
than ligand substitution, the reaction will follow the outer-sphere electron transfer route. Outer-sphere ET reactions often occur when one/both reactants
Electron_transfer
(February 1, 2023). "Tuesday Ratings: Soft Return for NBC's 'La Brea'; Another Solid Showing for the Peacock Net's 'Night Court' Reboot". Programming Insider
List_of_The_Rookie_episodes
Chemical compound
proceeds by the simple reaction: Xe + F2 → XeF2 The reaction needs heat, irradiation, or an electrical discharge. The product is a solid. It is purified by
Xenon_difluoride
Chemical compound
Phenylsodium C6H5Na is an organosodium compound. Solid phenylsodium was first isolated by Nef in 1903. Although the behavior of phenylsodium and phenyl
Phenylsodium
Chemical compound
adopts three structures, depending on the temperature and the state (solid, liquid, gas). Solid AlCl3 has a sheet-like layered structure with cubic close-packed
Aluminium_chloride
British crime drama series (2015–present)
Ebele of Precious's death. They disagree in their impressions of Ebele's reaction to the news and her response to questions. 27 3 "Episode 3" Andy Wilson
Unforgotten
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
area of research is the development of white OLED devices for use in solid-state lighting applications. There are two main families of OLED: those based
OLED
Chemical species that accepts an electron pair from a nucleophile
selenenylation reactions. The reagents are aryl selenenyl bromides, and they were first developed for solution phase chemistry and then modified for solid phase
Electrophile
Chemical compound
conditions, as illustrated by the industrial route to the drug Fenbufen. Maleic anhydride undergoes the Alder-ene reaction with alkenes to give alkenylsuccinic
Succinic_anhydride
2024 aviation accident in South Korea
violated international aviation safety standards against the presence of a solid obstruction. David Learmount, an aviation safety expert, pointed out on
Jeju_Air_Flight_2216
slowly when osmium powder reacts with O2 at ambient temperature. Reaction of bulk solid requires heating to 400 °C. Os + 2 O 2 → Δ T OsO 4 {\displaystyle
Osmium_compounds
Chemical compound
organophosphorus compound with the formula Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2. The compound is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents. It is slightly air-sensitive, degrading
1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)propane
1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)propane
2023 turn-based tactical video game
name too?" "Is that really necessary?" "Maybe it will invoke a different reaction from the Commander?" ...I looked around anxiously until finally, my gaze
Girls'_Frontline_2:_Exilium
Anion and chemical group (–N3)
be prepared from the metathesis reaction between lead nitrate and sodium azide. An alternative route is direct reaction of the metal with silver azide
Azide
Chemical compound
C2H2(CO)2O. It is the acid anhydride of maleic acid. It is a colorless or white solid with an acrid odor. It is produced industrially on a large scale for applications
Maleic_anhydride
Chemical compound
Hydrides of Germanium, Phosphorus, Arsenic, and Antimony by the Solid-Phase Reaction of the Corresponding Oxide with Lithium Aluminum Hydride". Inorganic
Arsine
Holocene climate period during which northern Africa was wetter than today
limit of the AHP's influence. Conversely, and consistent with the opposite reaction pattern of the Southern Hemisphere, the Zambezi River reached its lowest
African_humid_period
Argentine football player and manager (1960–2020)
inches from Sola's face and the two exchanged words. This started a chain reaction of emotions from both teams. Using expletives, Sola mimicked a gesture
Diego_Maradona
Chemical compound
derivatives have been synthesized and used for LED applications. Although solid-state lasing has yet to be demonstrated in an organic LED,
Poly(p-phenylene_vinylene)
Chemical compound
white solid that is highly toxic and malodorous. It is susceptible to hydrolysis. Trimethyltin chloride can be prepared by the redistribution reaction of
Trimethyltin_chloride
(October 18, 2024). "Thursday Ratings: Georgie & Mandy's First Marriage Solid Debut and Matlock Time Slot Premiere Gives CBS Victory Among Broadcast Networks"
List of Ghosts (American TV series) episodes
List_of_Ghosts_(American_TV_series)_episodes
Earthquake in Japan
During the 2024 M7.6 Noto Earthquake". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 130 (4) e2024JB029961. doi:10.1029/2024JB029961. hdl:2433/294497
2024_Noto_earthquake
Class of solid materials
sodium (Na) super ionic conductor, which usually refers to a family of solids with the chemical formula Na1+xZr2SixP3−xO12, 0 < x < 3. In a broader sense
NASICON
Country in South Asia
of Unity, Faith and Discipline and work to fulfil his dream to create a solid bloc of all Muslim states from Karachi to Ankara, from Pakistan to Morocco
Pakistan
Class of solid chemical substances
building blocks and using reversible condensation reactions to crystallize COFs. Porous crystalline solids consist of secondary building units (SBUs) which
Covalent_organic_framework
Chemical compound
its formula was finally determined in 1905 by Oswald Silberrad. Its solid state structure consists of chains of -NI2-I-NI2-I-NI2-I-. Ammonia molecules
Nitrogen_triiodide
Chemical compound
formed from the chemical reaction of sodium metal and iodine. Under standard conditions, it is a white, water-soluble solid comprising a 1:1 mix of sodium
Sodium_iodide
Organic compound
When urea is used, a pre-reaction (hydrolysis) occurs to first convert it to ammonia: CO(NH2)2 + H2O → 2 NH3 + CO2 Being a solid highly soluble in water
Urea
Chemical reaction product
prepared in regular solid state reactions, usually performed under an inert atmosphere or in a molten salt solution. Typical solid state methods include direct
Zintl_phase
the conversion of the solid fuel. The full oxidation side reactions can be impeded through the control of the oxidation state formed for the oxygen carriers
Chemical looping reforming and gasification
Chemical_looping_reforming_and_gasification
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE
SOLID STATE-REACTION-ROUTE