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Production of light due to absorption of high-energy photons or particles
physics, scintillation (/ˈsɪntɪleɪʃən/ SIN-til-ay-shun)—also termed radioluminescence—is the physical process where a material, called a scintillator
Scintillation_(physics)
Topics referred to by the same term
astronomical observations Interplanetary scintillation, fluctuations of radio waves caused by the solar wind Scintillation (physics), a flash of light produced in
Scintillation
Material which glows when excited by ionizing radiation
wavelength of the emitted optical photon. A scintillation detector or scintillation counter is obtained when a scintillator is coupled to an electronic light sensor
Scintillator
Instrument for measuring ionizing radiation
utilising scintillation counters for detection of potentially dangerous gamma-emitting materials during transport. These include scintillation counters
Scintillation_counter
Range of physical processes in physics
scattering Scattering amplitude Scattering from rough surfaces Scintillation (physics) S-Matrix Tyndall effect Thomson scattering Wolf effect X-ray crystallography
Scattering
Elementary particle with extremely low mass
5 MeV. Pairs of photons in coincidence could be detected by the two scintillation detectors above and below the target. The neutrons were captured by
Neutrino
Prediction in nuclear physics
In nuclear physics, the island of stability is a predicted set of isotopes of superheavy elements that may have considerably longer half-lives than known
Island_of_stability
Formula for light yield per path length
Semi-empirical calculation of quenching factors for ions in scintillators. A more complete theory of scintillation saturation, that gives Birks' law when only unimolecular
Birks'_law
Subatomic particle with positive charge
Using alpha particles from radium to strike air, Rutherford detected scintillation on a zinc sulfide screen at a distance, up to 28 cm, well beyond the
Proton
Camera to record gamma radiation
A gamma camera (γ-camera), also called a scintillation camera or Anger camera, is a device used to image gamma radiation emitting radioisotopes, a technique
Gamma_camera
New Zealand physicist and chemist (1871–1937)
pioneering researcher in both atomic and nuclear physics. He has been described as "the father of nuclear physics" and "the greatest experimentalist since Michael
Ernest_Rutherford
Scintillating inorganic crystal
gadolinium in the scintillation processes of cerium-doped gadolinium oxyorthosilicate". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:
Gadolinium_oxyorthosilicate
Chemical compound
1993). "Evaluation of cerium doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) scintillation crystals for PET" (PDF). IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. 40 (4):
Lutetium–yttrium oxyorthosilicate
Lutetium–yttrium_oxyorthosilicate
Nuclear physics experiments in Novosibirsk, Russia (1982–1987)
^{0}} Based on goals of the physics program the ND consist of Electromagnetic calorimeter 168 rectangular NaI(Tl) scintillation counters total mass of NaI(Tl)
ND_experiment
Inorganic chemical compound of bismuth, germanium and oxygen
the most common oxide-based scintillator. Bismuth germanium oxide is used in detectors in particle physics, aerospace physics, nuclear medicine, geology
Bismuth_germanate
Radiosotope of carbon
contamination of less than about 100,000 decays per minute (0.05 μCi). Liquid scintillation counting is the preferred method although more recently, accelerator
Carbon-14
Device measuring ionizing radiation exposure
dosage.[citation needed] A scintillation counter detects ionizing radiation by measuring the light emitted from a scintillator, giving a measurement of
Dosimeter
Underground neutrino physics experiment
organic liquid scintillator to enable high-sensitivity measurements of low-energy neutrino interactions. The experiment's primary physics goals include
SNO+
Diagnostic imaging test in nuclear medicine
coated with materials which scintillate when subjected to gamma rays are scanned with optical photon detectors and scintillation counters. The subjects are
Scintigraphy
Particle measurement device
4 kg) of b-PDB organic scintillator material. A neutrino event in the scintillator would produce Cherenkov radiation and scintillation light, which were detected
Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector
Liquid_Scintillator_Neutrino_Detector
Chemical compound
(2018-03-21). "Cryogenic scintillation properties of n -type GaAs for the direct detection of MeV/c2 dark matter". Journal of Applied Physics. 123 (11): 114501
Gallium_arsenide
Branch of physics focused on radiation protection
chambers proportional counters Geiger counters Semiconductor detectors Scintillation detectors The links should be followed for a fuller description of each
Health_physics
Study of space plasmas in the Solar System
plasmas with radar (through methods such as Incoherent scatter and GPS scintillation), and theoretical studies using models such as magnetohydrodynamics
Space_physics
High-energy detection
utilize the control over the intrinsic scintillation process of spontaneous emission to improve scintillation. This approach is based on the Purcell effect
Nanophotonic_scintillators
purposes. Scintillation Materials, luminescence, radiation instrumentation. R&D head Methods’ development of the organization scintillation properties
Borys_Grynyov
Fundamental scaling parameter for laser propagation through atmospheric turbulence
generally considered to be strong scintillation. A Rytov number of 0 would indicate no turbulence, thus no scintillation of the beam. Ghalaii, M.; Pirandola
Rytov_number
Quantitative study of the energy spectra of gamma-ray sources
third year physics students, and developed PRA as an educational tool for his students. Motisan, Radu (November 29, 2010). "NaI Scintillation Probe and
Gamma_spectroscopy
Chemical compound
emits photons (i.e., scintillate) and is used in scintillation detectors, traditionally in nuclear medicine, geophysics, nuclear physics, and environmental
Sodium_iodide
Advanced Materials Scientific equipment optician Scintillation (physics) Scintillation counter Scintillator Scleronomous Scott Anderson (physicist) Scott
Index_of_physics_articles_(S)
Detector for low-energy particles
A scintillating bolometer (or luminescent bolometer) is a scientific instrument using particle physics in the search for events with low energy deposition
Scintillating_bolometer
American physicist (1915–1990)
knowledge of scintillators to the design of the EGRET gamma-ray telescope of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory named for fellow Nobel Laureate in Physics (1927)
Robert_Hofstadter
Northern Irish physicist (born 1943)
receive recognition in the 1974 Nobel Prize in Physics. She helped build the Interplanetary Scintillation Array over two years and initially noticed the
Jocelyn_Bell_Burnell
NASA space observatory designed to detect X-rays and gamma rays (1991–2000)
a time interval ranging from ~0.1 s up to about 100 s. The Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE) by the Naval Research Laboratory detected
Compton_Gamma_Ray_Observatory
Measurement of radioactivity within the body
sufficient to escape, then it can be detected by means of either a scintillation detector or a semiconductor detector placed close to the body. Radioactive
Whole-body_counting
Interplanetary magnetic field Interplanetary medium Interplanetary scintillation Interstellar medium Interstellar nebula Interstellar travel Intracluster
List of plasma physics articles
List_of_plasma_physics_articles
A timeline of atomic and subatomic physics, including particle physics. 430 BCE Democritus speculates about fundamental indivisible particles—calls them
Timeline of atomic and subatomic physics
Timeline_of_atomic_and_subatomic_physics
US-based radiation safety organization
The Health Physics Society (HPS) is a nonprofit scientific professional organization whose mission is excellence in the science and practice of radiation
Health_Physics_Society
Ionizing radiation
chambers and Geiger–Müller counters, and the excitation of scintillators is used in scintillation counters. The following table shows radiation quantities
Beta_particle
Chemical compound
2,5-Diphenyloxazole (PPO) is an organic scintillator. It is used as a wavelength shifter (also called a "primary shifter" or "fluor"), which means that
2,5-Diphenyloxazole
Unit of energy
In physics, an electronvolt (symbol eV), also written as electron-volt and electron volt, is a unit of measurement equivalent to the amount of kinetic
Electronvolt
Russian physicist and scientist
mechanical engineering but later chose to study physics, which he found to be more stimulating. He studied physics under Russian physicists, Abram Ioffe, Nikolay
Yulii_Khariton
counter. Scintillation neutron detectors include liquid organic scintillators, crystals, plastics, glass and scintillation fibers. Organic scintillators are
Neutron_detection
Radiation measurement instrument
visible use. The most commonly used hand-held survey meters are the scintillation counter, which is used in the measurement of alpha, beta and neutron
Survey_meter
British physicist
of nuclear physics at the University of Brighton. Her research considers the shape of atomic nuclei. She developed arrays of scintillation gamma-ray detectors
Alison_Bruce_(physicist)
Instrument used for measuring ionizing radiation
applications such as radiation dosimetry, radiological protection, experimental physics and the nuclear industry. It detects ionizing radiation such as alpha particles
Geiger_counter
Layout for a sampling calorimeter in high energy physics detectors
particle may be then measured by the intensity of scintillation light produced by the various scintillator slices. An example detector that uses a shashlik
Shashlik_(physics)
Bibcode:1952RScI...23..414W. doi:10.1063/1.1746324. Characterization of Phoswich Scintillation Detectors for the Focal Plane Hodoscope of Magnetic Proton Recoil Spectrometers
Phoswich_detector
Physics apparatus designed to study neutrinos
oil is a natural scintillator, so charged particles without sufficient energy to produce Cherenkov light still produce scintillation light. Low-energy
Neutrino_detector
Chemical element with atomic number 18 (Ar)
noble gases, argon has a high scintillation light yield (about 51 photons/keV), is transparent to its own scintillation light, and is relatively easy
Argon
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
double scintillation counter telescope that measured 55- to 500-MeV protons in six energy intervals and protons above 600 MeV, (2) a single scintillator that
Explorer_14
American astrophysicist (1934–2013)
primarily from the Sun. He was the first to suggest the use of an active scintillation shield operated in electronic anticoincidence with the primary detector
Kenneth_John_Frost
limited streamer tubes and plastic scintillation detectors are part of the measurement stations. Centre for Underground Physics in Pyhäsalmi CallioLab "C14 Experiment"
Centre for Underground Physics in Pyhäsalmi
Centre_for_Underground_Physics_in_Pyhäsalmi
Experiments proving existence of atomic nuclei
paper that eventually led to the widespread use of scattering in particle physics to study subatomic matter. Rutherford scattering or Coulomb scattering
Rutherford scattering experiments
Rutherford_scattering_experiments
invented in 1951 by Hal Anger, who is also well known for inventing the scintillation camera. Anger filed U.S. patent #2,779,876 on March 3, 1953 for his
Well_counter
and noble gas scintillators, using the crystals of the former and the scintillation properties of the latter. One such experiment that uses this technology
Direct detection of dark matter
Direct_detection_of_dark_matter
Branch of particle physics
Astroparticle physics, also called particle astrophysics, is a branch of particle physics that studies elementary particles of astrophysical origin and
Astroparticle_physics
Synthetic polymer
damage for PVT and other similar plastic scintillators can be found in Instrumentation in High Energy Physics.[page needed] Such radiation breaks the C-H
Polyvinyl_toluene
Dark matter research project
Particle interactions in the liquid target produce scintillation and ionization. The prompt scintillation light produces 178 nm ultraviolet photons. This
XENON
compositions and scintillation counters. Poor counting efficiency can be caused by an extremely low energy to light conversion rate, (scintillation efficiency)
Counting_efficiency
Particle detector for Cherenkov radiation
contrasted with other nuclear particle measurement techniques such as scintillation counters or semiconductor detectors. Cherenkov radiation is produced
Cherenkov_detector
Devices and processes that produce light
chemistry to detect certain elements Radioluminescence, also termed scintillation, is luminescence arising from excitation by high-energy particles or
List_of_light_sources
Electromagnetic radiation humans can see
monitors. Certain other mechanisms can produce light: Electroluminescence Scintillation Sonoluminescence Triboluminescence When the concept of light is intended
Light
The index of physics articles is split into multiple pages due to its size. To navigate by individual letter use the table of contents below. !$@ 0–9
Index_of_physics_articles_(K)
2006–2011 dark matter experiment in England
two signatures for each particle interaction: a fast flash of light (scintillation) and the local release of charge (ionisation). In two-phase xenon –
ZEPLIN-III
British radio astronomer (1924–2021)
studying interplanetary scintillation. In 1965 he secured funding to construct his design, the Interplanetary Scintillation Array, at the Mullard Radio
Antony_Hewish
Subatomic particle with no charge
can ionize and excite further atoms through collisions. Charge and/or scintillation light produced in this way can be collected to produce a detected signal
Neutron
Hypothetical particles that may constitute dark matter
shown success. Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics readily predict new particles that could serve as WIMPs. This apparent
Weakly interacting massive particle
Weakly_interacting_massive_particle
Experimental particle physics project
simultaneous independent position reconstruction based on the scintillation light signals. The primary physics goals of the SBND include: The search for eV-scale
Short-Baseline_Near_Detector
third year physics students, and developed PRA as an educational tool for his students. Motisan, Radu (November 29, 2010). "NaI Scintillation Probe and
Multichannel_analyzer
Particle physics experimental design developed 1924
In particle physics, the coincidence method (or coincidence technique) is an experimental design through which particle detectors register two or more
Coincidence_method
Ukrainian scientist (1932–2013)
senior researcher of the department of refractory scintillation materials of Institute for Scintillation Materials. Honorary Doctor of Scientific and technological
Ludmyla_Nagorna
Upgrade to the Large Hadron Collider at CERN
with goal of boosting the accelerator's potential for new discoveries in physics. The design study was approved by the CERN Council in 2016 through which
High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider
High_Luminosity_Large_Hadron_Collider
German physicist
credited Kallmann and Broser with pioneering modern day scintillation counting by combining a scintillating material with a photomultiplier, as a means of improving
Hartmut_Kallmann
Device used to detect, track, and/or identify ionising particles
chamber Proportional counter Scintillation counter Semiconductor detector Commonly used detectors for particle and nuclear physics Gaseous ionization detector
Particle_detector
Dark matter search experiment
(PMTs) were used to detect the scintillation light produced by a particle interacting with the liquid argon. As the scintillation light produced is of short
DEAP
High-energy particle physics laboratory in Illinois, US
branded as Fermilab) is a national laboratory for high-energy particle physics, located in Batavia, Illinois, United States, near Chicago. It is sponsored
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Fermi_National_Accelerator_Laboratory
Public research institute
research across five fields: particle physics, condensed matter physics and solid-state physics, optics and physics of plasma. FZU is also involved in education
Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
Institute_of_Physics_of_the_Czech_Academy_of_Sciences
British physicist (1891–1974)
1974) was a British experimental physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1935 for his discovery of the neutron. In 1941, he wrote the final draft
James_Chadwick
Chemical compound
of lanthanum in chemical synthesis and as a scintillation material in certain applications. The scintillator material cerium activated lanthanum bromide
Lanthanum(III)_bromide
Chemical compound
CeBr3. This white hygroscopic solid is of interest as a component of scintillation counters. The compound has been known since at least 1899, when Muthman
Cerium(III)_bromide
Observatory
Large Underground Scintillation Telescope (BLUST). This detector would consist of huge (10 kilotonnes) amounts of liquid scintillator. It would be located
Baksan_Neutrino_Observatory
Telescope designed to observe remote objects by detecting X-rays
energy and scintillate, i.e. reemit the absorbed energy in the form of a small flash of light, typically in the visible range. The scintillation X-ray detector
X-ray_telescope
Mineral - Lead Tungstate ( PbWO4)
used as scintillators in particle physics because of their short radiation length (0.89 cm), low Molière radius (2.2 cm), quick scintillation response
Stolzite
Particle physics experiment in South Dakota, United States
the production of prompt scintillation photons, freed (ionization) electrons, and heat. A number of the prompt scintillation photons can be detected by
LZ_experiment
Canadian neutrino laboratory
experiment aims to detect WIMP-like dark matter particles through argon scintillation, producing small amounts of light that is detected by extremely sensitive
SNOLAB
Research project to observe air showers
telescopes measure the scintillation light generated as the shower passes through the gas of the atmosphere, while the array of scintillator surface detectors
Telescope_Array_Project
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
Electron and Proton Fluxes, Fluxgate Magnetometers, Proton-Electron Scintillation Detector, and Solar Cell Damage. The Solar Cell Damage experiment was
Explorer_26
Cascade of atmospheric subatomic particles
telescopes. Surface detectors typically use Cherenkov detectors or scintillation counters to detect the charged secondary particles at ground level.
Air_shower_(physics)
Physicist
Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for "contributions to scintillator detectors for high-energy physics and medical imaging". "2015 elevated fellow" (PDF).
Paul_Lecoq
Method of eliminating background events in particle physics
events in high energy physics, experimental particle physics, gamma-ray spectroscopy, gamma-ray astronomy, experimental nuclear physics, and related fields
Electronic_anticoincidence
Subatomic particle emitted by radioactive elements in the Earth
proposed 50 kiloton liquid scintillation detector of the LAGUNA project. Proposed sites include Centre for Underground Physics in Pyhäsalmi (CUPP), Finland
Geoneutrino
City in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine
A. (1 January 2018). "Forty Years to the Artemovsk Scintillation Detector for Neutrinos". Physics of Atomic Nuclei. 81 (1): 88–94. Bibcode:2018PAN...
Soledar
Interaction of a quantum system with a classical observer
In quantum physics, a measurement is the testing or manipulation of a physical system to yield a numerical result. A fundamental feature of quantum theory
Measurement in quantum mechanics
Measurement_in_quantum_mechanics
Hypothetical invisible cosmic material
Unsolved problem in physics What is dark matter? How was it generated? More unsolved problems in physics In astronomy and cosmology, dark matter is an
Dark_matter
Design of high-speed electronic systems used in nuclear and particle physics
Nuclear Instrumentation Module Particle detector Radiation detection Scintillation counter Nuclear electronics course – University of Washington, PHYS
Nuclear_electronics
Indian space research institute
atmosphere. Research areas were expanded to include theoretical physics and radio physics later with grants from the United States Atomic Energy Commission
Physical_Research_Laboratory
Nepalese scientist and physicist
at The University of Glasgow, Studies of orbital electron capture by scintillation counter methods, thesis earned him the Thomson Prize at the University
Bala_Ram_Joshi
Instrument to measure gamma activity
measurement and movement of multiple samples. Gamma counters are usually scintillation counters. In a typical system, a number of samples are placed in sealed
Gamma_counter
Observatory
about 500,000 cells, each 4 cm × 6 cm × 16 m, filled with liquid scintillator. Scintillation light is captured by optical fibers made of wavelength shifter
NOvA
Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider
09694 The LHCb (Large Hadron Collider beauty) experiment is a particle physics detector collecting data at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. LHCb specializes
LHCb_experiment
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