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Randomized polynomial time class of computational complexity theory
In computational complexity theory, randomized polynomial time (RP) is the complexity class of decision problems for which a probabilistic Turing machine
RP_(complexity)
Concept in computer science
Turing machines, but, for clarity, note that other complexity classes based on them include BPP and RP. The class BQP is based on another machine with randomness:
ZPP_(complexity)
Set of problems in computational complexity theory
In computational complexity theory, a complexity class is a set of computational problems "of related resource-based complexity". The two most commonly
Complexity_class
Concept in computer science
} has circuit complexity 2Ω(n) then P = BPP. RP ZPP BQP List of complexity classes Valentine Kabanets, CMPT 710 - Complexity Theory: Lecture 16,
BPP_(complexity)
Topics referred to by the same term
RP, R-P, Rp, R-p, or rp may refer to: Look up rp in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Rainforest Partnership, an environmental organization based in Austin
RP
Highly refined form of kerosene used as rocket fuel
RP-1 (Rocket Propellant-1 or Refined Petroleum-1) and similar fuels like RG-1 and T-1 are highly refined kerosene formulations used as rocket fuel. Liquid-fueled
RP-1
Complexity class used to classify decision problems
problems in computer science In computational complexity theory, NP (nondeterministic polynomial time) is a complexity class used to classify decision problems
NP_(complexity)
Inherent difficulty of computational problems
known complexity classes between P {\displaystyle {\textsf {P}}} and PSPACE {\displaystyle {\textsf {PSPACE}}} , such as RP {\displaystyle {\textsf {RP}}}
Computational complexity theory
Computational_complexity_theory
(Randomized Logarithmic-space Polynomial-time), is the complexity class of computational complexity theory problems solvable in logarithmic space and polynomial
RL_(complexity)
Estimate of time taken for running an algorithm
the time complexity is the computational complexity that describes the amount of computer time it takes to run an algorithm. Time complexity is commonly
Time_complexity
Topics referred to by the same term
Paraguayan trade union federation co-RP, a complexity class of computational complexity theory closely related to RP (complexity) Corps (disambiguation) This
Corp
Algorithm that employs a degree of randomness as part of its logic or procedure
algorithms are considered, and several complexity classes are studied. The most basic randomized complexity class is RP, which is the class of decision problems
Randomized_algorithm
Class of problems in computer science
In complexity theory, PP, or PPT is the class of decision problems solvable by a probabilistic Turing machine in polynomial time, with an error probability
PP_(complexity)
Class of problems solvable in polynomial time
In computational complexity theory, P, also known as PTIME or DTIME(nO(1)), is a fundamental complexity class. It contains all decision problems that can
P_(complexity)
In computational complexity theory, the complement of a decision problem is the decision problem resulting from reversing the yes and no answers. Equivalently
Complement_(complexity)
Application of complexity science to economics
Complexity economics, or economic complexity, is the application of complexity science to the problems of economics. It relaxes several common assumptions
Complexity_economics
Computational complexity class of problems
In computational complexity theory, bounded-error quantum polynomial time (BQP) is the class of decision problems solvable by a quantum computer in polynomial
BQP
If there is a polynomial time algorithm for unambiguous-SAT, then NP equals RP
theorem in computational complexity theory stating that if there is a polynomial time algorithm for Unambiguous-SAT, then NP = RP. It was proven by Leslie
Valiant–Vazirani_theorem
Complexity class (logarithmic space)
BPP, ZPP, PP, and RP, there are several random versions of L. Bounded-error Probability L (BPL) is defined like BPP, as the complexity class of problems
L_(complexity)
Proof checkable by a randomized algorithm
In computational complexity theory, a probabilistically checkable proof (PCP) is a type of proof that can be checked by a randomized algorithm using a
Probabilistically checkable proof
Probabilistically_checkable_proof
computational complexity theory of computer science, the structural complexity theory or simply structural complexity is the study of complexity classes, rather
Structural_complexity_theory
Mathematical model of computation
be solvable in logarithmic space. Complexity classes arising from other definitions of acceptance include RP, co-RP, and ZPP. If the machine is restricted
Probabilistic_Turing_machine
Type of randomized algorithm
algorithms with a bounded probability of two-sided errors, and the complexity class RP describes problems that can be solved by a Monte Carlo algorithm
Monte_Carlo_algorithm
Algorithm analysis method
smoothed complexity polynomial in n and 1/s, where s is the input perturbation size, unless PPAD ≤ RP. In particular, the smoothed complexity of the Lemke-Howson
Smoothed_analysis
Problem in math and computer science
Igor Potapov (Eds.): Reachability Problems - 5th International Workshop, RP 2011, Genoa, Italy, September 28–30, 2011. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer
Reachability_problem
of complexity classes in computational complexity theory. For other computational and complexity subjects, see list of computability and complexity topics
List_of_complexity_classes
Technique in analytical chemistry
HPLC (RP-HPLC) is the most widespread mode of chromatography. It has a non-polar stationary phase and an aqueous, moderately polar mobile phase. RP-HPLC
High-performance liquid chromatography
High-performance_liquid_chromatography
Type of randomized algorithm
The complexity class of decision problems that have Las Vegas algorithms with expected polynomial runtime is ZPP. It turns out that ZPP = RP ∩ co-RP {\displaystyle
Las_Vegas_algorithm
Mid-engined fighter aircraft
interceptor, later in its development it was decided to reduce the cost and complexity of the engine by removing the turbocharger. High-altitude performance
Bell_P-63_Kingcobra
Class of Diesel-Electric locomotives
The RP-210 was a streamlined 1,000 hp (750 kW) locomotive built in 1956 by Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton, specifically to operate with the experimental, all-aluminum
Baldwin_RP-210
1962 concept for a reusable, sea-launched rocket
000 lbf) thrust engine burning RP-1 and LOX (liquid oxygen). The tank pressure was 32 atm (3,200 kPa; 470 psi) for the RP-1 and 17 atm (1,700 kPa; 250 psi)
Sea_Dragon_(rocket)
structures, computability, computational complexity, automata theory and formal languages: CCC - Computational Complexity Conference FCT – International Symposium
List of computer science conferences
List_of_computer_science_conferences
Abstract machine that models computation
In computational complexity theory, an interactive proof system is an abstract machine that models computation as the exchange of messages between two
Interactive_proof_system
Rocket engine operation method
RS-27A—American RP-1/LOX engine first flown in 1990. Vulcain—A family of European first stage engines using LH2/LOX flown on Ariane 5 and Ariane 6. Merlin—RP-1/LOX
Gas-generator_cycle
Fruit of the rose plant
particularly rich in vitamin C, containing 426 mg per 100 g or 0.4% by weight (w/w). RP-HPLC assays of fresh rose hips and several commercially available products
Rose_hip
Detection of leaks in pipelines
thanks to reduced downtime and inspection time. According to the API document "RP 1130", LDS are divided into internally based LDS and externally based LDS
Leak_detection
natural numbers are a mathematical model used in studying computational complexity theory. They are a special case of circuits. The object is a labeled directed
Circuits over sets of natural numbers
Circuits_over_sets_of_natural_numbers
Chilean-Spanish-American physicist, author and entrepreneur
César A. (2021). "Economic complexity theory and applications". Nature Reviews Physics. 3 (2): 92–113. Bibcode:2021NatRP...3...92H. doi:10.1038/s42254-020-00275-1
César_Hidalgo
Set of problems solved by small circuits
computational complexity theory, P/poly is a complexity class that can be defined in both circuit complexity and non-uniform complexity. Since the two
P/poly
Problem of determining if a Boolean formula could be made true
property is used in several theorems in complexity theory: NP ⊆ P/poly ⇒ PH = Σ2 (Karp–Lipton theorem) NP ⊆ BPP ⇒ NP = RP P = NP ⇒ FP = FNP Since the SAT problem
Boolean satisfiability problem
Boolean_satisfiability_problem
Indonesian infrastructure projects
National Strategic Projects have been completed with an investment value of Rp 467.4 trillion. The number of completed projects is equivalent to 41% of the
National_Strategic_Projects
Formal language in mathematics and computer science
languages is often called R, although this name is also used for the class RP. This type of language was not defined in the Chomsky hierarchy. All recursive
Recursive_language
Logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e
Formulas". Logarithm. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-08-29. Burn, R.P. (2001). "Alphonse Antonio de Sarasa and logarithms". Historia Mathematica
Natural_logarithm
British limited television series
which slips between Urdu, Arabic, MLE (Multicultural London English) and RP". Jones also praised the casting and performance, concluding that the series
Bait_(TV_series)
Function in algebraic graph theory
multiplicative factor by a bounded-error probabilistic algorithm unless NP = RP, because any multiplicative approximation would distinguish the values 0 and
Chromatic_polynomial
29 June 2021 – via ResearchGate. Deocaris CC, Alinsug MV, Cabelin GR, Jose RP (2024). "Neurigona susanrocesae, the first Neurigona species from the Philippines"
List of organisms named after famous people (born 1925–1949)
List_of_organisms_named_after_famous_people_(born_1925–1949)
Genre of electronic music
evolved from the earlier, rapid rhythms of ghetto house, a change pioneered by RP Boo, DJ Rashad and DJ Clent. It may draw from the rapid rhythms and sub-bass
Footwork_(genre)
Probabilistic primality test
Solovay–Strassen algorithm shows that the decision problem COMPOSITE is in the complexity class RP. Artjuhov, M. M. (1966–1967), "Certain criteria for primality of
Solovay–Strassen primality test
Solovay–Strassen_primality_test
Form of albinism
31 March 2007. Boissy RE, Nordlund JJ (22 August 2005). Ortonne JP, Vinson RP, Perry V, Gelfand JM, James WD (eds.). "Albinism". eMedicine. WebMD. Archived
Oculocutaneous_albinism
Chinese medium to heavy-lift launch vehicle
Geostationary transfer orbit (GTO). The Long March 7 can use 0, 2 or 4 boosters using RP-1 / LOX propellant. They are powered by a single oxidizer-rich staged combustion
Long_March_7
Russian-American physicist (born 1963)
to quantum algorithms, quantum complexity classes, and fault-tolerant quantum computation. He introduced the complexity class QMA (Quantum Merlin–Arthur)
Alexei_Kitaev
Portfolio optimization model in finance
standard deviation of the portfolio. The CML equation is : RP = IRF + (RM – IRF)σP/σM where, RP = expected return of portfolio IRF = risk-free rate of interest
Markowitz_model
Indian American professor of computer science (born 1957)
around the design of algorithms, together with work on computational complexity theory, cryptography, and algorithmic game theory. During the 1980s, he
Vijay_Vazirani
standard RP by the mid-20th century. In General American, the lot vowel has become unrounded and merged into /ɑ/ (the father–bother merger). This leaves RP with
Phonological history of English open back vowels
Phonological_history_of_English_open_back_vowels
Group of techniques to quickly construct physical objects
This economy has encouraged online service bureaus. Historical surveys of RP technology start with discussions of simulacra production techniques used
Rapid_prototyping
upon release. A sequel titled Break In 2 was released in 2023. Brookhaven RP (also known as Brookhaven) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing
List_of_Roblox_games
Country in Central Europe
region: the view from Prague and Bratislava. p.293. ISBN 80-224-0852-2 "RP's History Online – Habsburgs". Archiv.radio.cz. Archived from the original
Czech_Republic
Every polynomial has a real or complex root
coefficients Rp(x)(a, b) and Sp(x)(a, b) are independent of x and completely defined by the coefficients of p(x). In terms of representation, Rp(x)(a, b)
Fundamental theorem of algebra
Fundamental_theorem_of_algebra
Affairs. 33 (2): 75–84. doi:10.1353/sais.2013.0029. Retrieved 9 June 2025. RP resolution for observer status in UN assembly OK'd, Philippine Daily Inquirer
History_of_ASEAN
1986 breakup of American orbiter
from the original on August 24, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2021. Feynman, R.P. (June 6, 1986). "Personal Observations on Reliability of Shuttle". Report
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster
Country in Southeast Asia and Oceania
(Report). OECD. p. 11, 14, 56-57. "Indonesia". The Observatory of Economic Complexity. 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2025. Suryanta, B. (2021). Indonesia's Integration
Indonesia
Network addressing and routing methodology
Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) and its advantageous application as Anycast RP is an intra-domain feature that provides redundancy and load-sharing capabilities
Anycast
Information systems theory
analysed the adoption, finding that compatibility, relative advantage, and complexity had the most significant relationships with adoption across a broad range
Technology_acceptance_model
Integer factorization algorithm
Algorithm". BIT. 20 (2): 176–184. doi:10.1007/BF01933190. S2CID 17181286. Brent, R.P.; Pollard, J. M. (1981). "Factorization of the Eighth Fermat Number". Mathematics
Pollard's_rho_algorithm
Archipelagic country in Southeast Asia
September 28, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2023. Lee-Brago, Pia (May 30, 2003). "RP seeks observer status in OIC". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original
Philippines
Brain stimulation through physical and social surroundings
enrichment affects the complexity and length of the dendrite arbors (upon which synapses form). Higher-order dendrite branch complexity is increased in enriched
Environmental_enrichment
5524/102190. Retrieved 19 August 2020. Henkel CV, Burgerhout E, de Wijze DL, Dirks RP, Minegishi Y, Jansen HJ, et al. (24 February 2012). "Primitive duplicate Hox
List of sequenced animal genomes
List_of_sequenced_animal_genomes
First artificial Earth satellite
to be extremely accurate. By the end of 1956, it became clear that the complexity of the ambitious design meant that 'Object D' could not be launched in
Sputnik_1
Data visualisation technique
projection of the data set onto a 2-dimensional subspace (of the Euclidean space Rp where the data resides). The subspaces are selected by taking small steps
Grand Tour (data visualisation)
Grand_Tour_(data_visualisation)
Widespread moral panic alleging abuse
"When Psychiatry Battled the Devil" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-01-05. Kluft, RP (1989). "Editorial: Reflections on Allegations of Ritual Abuse" (PDF). Dissociation
Satanic_panic
Chronic multi-symptomatic pain disorder
doi:10.3390/ejihpe15080149. PMC 12386036. PMID 40863271. Vincent A, Benzo RP, Whipple MO, McAllister SJ, Erwin PJ, Saligan LN (20 May 2013). "Beyond pain
Fibromyalgia
Indicator for the complexity of texts
aids. Automated readability index Readability Kincaid, J.P.; Fishburne, R.P.; Rogers, R.L.; Chissom, B.S. (1975). Derivation of new readability formulas
Flesch–Kincaid readability tests
Flesch–Kincaid_readability_tests
Neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum
Netherlands: 216–228. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.12.001. PMID 20036435. Clark RP, Berris CE (August 1989). "Botulinum toxin: a treatment for facial asymmetry
Botulinum_toxin
Engineering discipline
International System Safety Society API RP 14C p.1 API RP 14C p.vi API RP 14C p.15-16 API RP 14C p.28 API RP 14C p.57 API RP 14C p.29 "ISO 14617-1:2005 Graphical
Safety_engineering
Methodic assignment of colors to elements of a graph
chromatic polynomial at any rational point k ≥ 1.5 except for k = 2 unless NP = RP. For edge coloring, the proof of Vizing's result gives an algorithm that uses
Graph_coloring
Rocket engine operation method
through specific impulse, while its main disadvantage is engineering complexity. Typically, propellant flows through two kinds of combustion chambers;
Staged_combustion_cycle
September 2007. Retrieved 2 September 2007. Archiwum działalności Prezydenta RP w latach 1997–2005. BIP. Maria Zawadzka, "Righteous Among the Nations: Henryk
Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust
Rescue_of_Jews_by_Poles_during_the_Holocaust
Computational problem of graph theory
for Automated Reasoning. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-01086-0. Loui, R.P., 1983. Optimal paths in graphs with stochastic or multidimensional weights
Shortest_path_problem
Mental disorder with psychotic symptoms
1016/j.biopsych.2016.07.014. PMC 5675052. PMID 27720198. Broyd A, Balzan RP, Woodward TS, Allen P (June 2017). "Dopamine, cognitive biases and assessment
Schizophrenia
Structured system of communication
standard variety, are a case in point. Standard American English and Standard RP (English) English, for instance, may in some areas be more different than
Language
Vacuum tube electronic amplifier that uses a single triode to produce an output
that have a low Rp can yield more power in class A1 than other valves with similar Pa ratings. Next, compute P[o] = P[ot] * (1 - Rp/Rl) to obtain an
Single-ended_triode
Vowel sound represented by ⟨ɐ⟩ in IPA
British English is moving away from the [ɐ] quality towards [ʌ] found in RP spoken in the first half of the 20th century (e.g. in Daniel Jones's speech)
Near-open_central_vowel
Headquarters of ASEAN in Jakarta, Indonesia
the Indonesian government announced the initial construction phase, with Rp 2.8 billion in funding from the state budget. After securing the bid for the
ASEAN_Headquarters
Tank gun
9-1000-213-35 by Fred C. (Chief of Staff) Weyand | Jan 1, 1978 Hunnicutt, R.P. (1990). Abrams: A History of the American Main Battle Tank. Presidio. pp
M68_tank_gun
Rare neurodegenerative disease
1136/jnnp-2016-315018. PMID 28057713. Teive HA, Lima PM, Germiniani FM, Munhoz RP (May 2016). "What's in a name? Problems, facts and controversies regarding
ALS
negations (#MONOTONE-2-CNF). It is known that, assuming that NP is different from RP, #MONOTONE-2-CNF also cannot be approximated by a fully polynomial-time approximation
♯SAT
Worldwide economic depression (1929–1939)
to Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 17 April 2024. "II RP była gospodarczą porażką. Mity na jej temat są bardzo szkodliwe [TOP 2018]"
Great_Depression
Condition involving social and behavioral differences
non-speaking or minimally speaking. The age at which speech develops and the complexity of early language development are significant predictors of verbal communication
Autism
Part of the female reproductive tract
Obstetrics (3rd ed.). Elsevier. 2011. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-81-312-2556-1. Smith RP, Turek P (2011). Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations: Reproductive
Vagina
Subdivisions of science defined by their scope
variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum
Branches_of_science
Model of computation
, where I {\displaystyle I} is the identity matrix. In computational complexity theory, DQC1; also known as the deterministic quantum computation with
One_clean_qubit
przeciwdziałaniu narkomanii". Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych. Kancelaria Sejmu RP. Archived from the original on 14 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2017
Legal status of psilocybin mushrooms
Legal_status_of_psilocybin_mushrooms
Algorithm for determining whether a number is prime
coRP. In 1992, the Adleman–Huang algorithm reduced the complexity to Z P P = R P ∩ c o R P {\displaystyle {\mathsf {{\color {Blue}ZPP}=RP\cap coRP}}}
Primality_test
Sequence of DNA that determines traits in an organism
Perennial. ISBN 0-06-019497-9 Banerjee S, Bhandary P, Woodhouse M, Sen TZ, Wise RP, Andorf CM (April 2021). "FINDER: an automated software package to annotate
Gene
First crewed Moon landing (1969)
(April 1979). ALSEP Termination Report (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: NASA. RP-1036. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved September
Apollo_11
1949 Broadway musical
until November 2022. A U.S. national tour opened on February 7, 2022, at the RP Funding Center theater in Lakeland, Florida, starring Jared Bybee as Emile
South_Pacific_(musical)
System to identify resources on a network
such as DNSSEC records, or for human queries such as responsible person (RP) records. As a general-purpose database, the DNS has also been used in combating
Domain_Name_System
Spectrum of conditions caused by HIV infection
HIV Medicine. 15 (4): 134–36. PMID 17720999. Holmes CB, Losina E, Walensky RP, Yazdanpanah Y, Freedberg KA (March 2003). "Review of human immunodeficiency
HIV/AIDS
Solid part of maxilla
Ruczinski, I; Scott, AF; Beaty, TH; Kramer, FJ; Wienker, TF; Steegers-Theunissen, RP; Rubini, M; Mossey, PA; Hoffman, P; Lange, C; Chichon, S; Propping, P; Knapp
Hard_palate
Classification of eukaryotes
1093/gbe/evy268. PMC 6330054. PMID 30534986. Schön ME, Zlatogursky VV, Singh RP, et al. (2021). "Single cell genomics reveals plastid-lacking Picozoa are
Protist_classification
RP COMPLEXITY
RP COMPLEXITY
RP COMPLEXITY
RP COMPLEXITY
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lofty
Boy/Male
American, British, English, French, Gaelic, Irish
Stranger; Cheerful; Happy; Foreigner; White; Fair; Blessed; Generous
Girl/Female
Tamil
Union
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Noblemsn's Land
Boy/Male
Norse
Son of Stein.
Boy/Male
British, English
British for Elf
Girl/Female
American, British, Christian, English, Indian, Latin
From Britain; From England
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Christian, English
Farmer; Modern Phonetic Variant of Georgia
Male
Swedish
Swedish variant spelling of Scandinavian Torgny, THORGNY means "Thor's clash"Â or "thunder clash."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Loser Become Winner; Loser
RP COMPLEXITY
RP COMPLEXITY
RP COMPLEXITY
RP COMPLEXITY
RP COMPLEXITY
n.
The state of being complex; complexity.
a.
Of or pertaining to katabolism; as, katabolic processes, which give rise to substances (katastates) of decreasing complexity and increasing stability.
n.
An assemblage of parts or organs, either in animal or plant, essential to the performance of some particular function or functions which as a rule are of greater complexity than those manifested by a single organ; as, the capillary system, the muscular system, the digestive system, etc.; hence, the whole body as a functional unity.
n.
The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.
n.
The state or quality of being intricate or entangled; perplexity; involution; complication; complexity; that which is intricate or involved; as, the intricacy of a knot; the intricacy of accounts; the intricacy of a cause in controversy; the intricacy of a plot.
n.
The state of being complex; complexity.
n.
The act or process of complicating; the state of being complicated; intricate or confused relation of parts; entanglement; complexity.
n.
A rearrangement or concentration of the different constituents of one or more substances into a distinct and definite compound of greater complexity and molecular weight, often resulting in an increase of density, as the condensation of oxygen into ozone, or of acetone into mesitylene.
n.
Complexity.
n.
That which is complex; intricacy; complication.
pl.
of Complexity