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Nazi escape routes
U.S. Army). Decades later, the ratlines remain a subject of investigation and cultural interest. In sailing, ratlines are thin ropes (resembling the rungs
Ratlines_(World_War_II)
Part of ladder on square-rigged ships
Look up ratline in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Ratlines (/ˈrætlɪnz/) are lengths of thin line tied between the shrouds of a sailing ship to form a
Ratlines
2020 book by Philippe Sands
robust." Ratlines (World War II) – Nazi escape routes The Ratline. October 22, 2019. ISBN 978-1-4746-0815-2. "BBC Radio 4 - Intrigue, The Ratline - Available
The_Ratline
Topics referred to by the same term
Ratlines are climbing aids in rigging of sailing vessels similar to a rope ladder. Ratline or ratlines may also refer to: Ratlines (World War II), escape
Ratline
Catholic bishop and Nazi supporter
attacked Vatican policies. After World War II, Hudal helped establish the ratlines, which allowed prominent Nazi German and other European former Axis officers
Alois_Hudal
staying in her current job, feeling that she belongs more in it. 143 8 "Ratlined" Ken Girotti Woody Strassner December 8, 2025 (2025-12-08) FBI808 4.38
List_of_FBI_episodes
Bosnian Croat Catholic priest
– 5 July 1983) was a Bosnian Croat Catholic priest associated with the ratlines which aided the escape of Ustaše war criminals from Europe after World
Krunoslav_Draganović
Public college in Lexington, Virginia, US
to help prepare their "Dyke's" uniform and dress them for parades. The Ratline experience culminates with Resurrection Week ending in "Breakout", an event
Virginia_Military_Institute
Genocide by the Ustaše during World War II
During World War II, Serbs were subjected to systematic persecution and genocide by the fascist Ustaše regime in the Nazi German puppet state known as
Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia
Genocide_of_Serbs_in_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia
1957 murder of NDH dictator
dictator of the Independent State of Croatia who fled Yugoslavia through the ratlines, was shot on April 10, 1957, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He died two years
Attempted assassination of Ante Pavelić
Attempted_assassination_of_Ante_Pavelić
1972 novel by Frederick Forsyth
Gerald Steinacher note that while informal escape routes—commonly termed "ratlines"—existed to assist fleeing Waffen-SS officers and Nazi war criminals in
The_Odessa_File
Ropes used to handle sails of a ship
little higher up the mast, and then downwards against the inside of the ratlines to the deck. This provides a good lead but does create a minor obstacle
Clewlines_and_buntlines
American sea shanty performing group
Salty Walt & the Rattlin' Ratlines is a sea shanty performing group based in San Francisco, originally formed in 2003. The group consists of Walter "Salty
Salty Walt & the Rattlin' Ratlines
Salty_Walt_&_the_Rattlin'_Ratlines
Croatian fascist official
and assisted the Catholic priest Krunoslav Draganović in operating the ratlines which smuggled Axis officials out of Eastern and Central Europe, most notably
Josip_Bujanović
Possible Nazi underground escape plan
1972 thriller The Odessa File. The escape-routes have become known as ratlines. Known goals of elements within the SS included allowing SS members to
ODESSA
this world". Krunoslav Draganović (1903–1983), Catholic priest, organized Ratlines. Tomislav Filipović-Majstorović (1915–1946; born Miroslav Filipović), Franciscan
Catholic clergy involvement with the Ustaše
Catholic_clergy_involvement_with_the_Ustaše
Type of knot
in his Dictionary of 1769, the knot is much older, having been tied in ratlines at least as early as the first quarter of the sixteenth century. This is
Clove_hitch
Argentine journalist and historian (born 1953)
Vatican, Swiss authorities and the government of Argentina in organizing "ratlines"—escape routes for Nazi war criminals and collaborators. Goñi was born
Uki_Goñi
Argentine-born Nazi and businessman
after the war worked with Rodolfo Freude and Karl Nicolussi-Leck to set up ratlines to assist fleeing Nazis get to South America and find employment. Notable
Carlos_Fuldner
American author
Nazi occultism. He also wrote about the Nazi escape routes in his book Ratline: Soviet Spies, Nazi Priests, and the Disappearance of Adolf Hitler (2012)
Peter_Levenda
Austrian bishop Alois Hudal, who assisted in the establishment of the "ratlines" for escaping Nazis after the war. Although Conrad Gröber said that bishops
Catholic Church and Nazi Germany
Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany
Belian WWII Nazi collaborator and politician (1904–1969)
false name Reinaldo van Groede. Here he became a leading figure in the ratlines sponsored by Juan Perón to rescue Nazis from prosecution in Europe. Given
René_Lagrou
Form of rope ladder
create an unstable structure similar to the ratlines of a sailing ship. However, unlike ascending ratlines leaning inward using one's legs for upward progress
Bachar_ladder
Nazi SS doctor at Auschwitz (1911–1979)
death sentence. Assisted by a network of former SS members, he used the ratline to travel to Genoa, where he obtained a passport under the alias "Helmut
Josef_Mengele
System for generating thrust for watercraft
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Wind-assisted_propulsion
Part of rigging of a ship
futtock shrouds can be used to gain access to the tops. Sailors ascend ratlines on the ordinary shrouds until nearly at the top, then transfer to the futtock
Futtock_shrouds
German SS officer and war criminal (1913–1991)
McCloy refused. Instead, the CIC helped him flee to Bolivia assisted by "ratlines" organised by US intelligence services, as well as by Croatian Roman Catholic
Klaus_Barbie
Austrian Nazi concentration camp guard (1919–1999)
Soobzokov (Circassian) Aarne Kauhanen (Finnish) Assistance Organizations Ratlines State involvement Colonia Dignidad (Chile) Franco (Spain) Nasser (Egypt)
Hermine_Braunsteiner
Austrian SS member (1911–1980)
sheltered both men in Rome and arranged for them to leave for Syria via the Ratlines. Later both men with Stangl's wife and children fled to Brazil, where Wagner
Gustav_Wagner
Type of sailing rig
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Lateen
Spanish Falangist (1904–1984)
employment for Nazis escaping to Spain, and she became involved with the ratlines that smuggled Nazis to Argentina. Her work was primarily funded by Johannes
Clara_Stauffer
Slovak politician and National leader
Aarons & Loftus, Ratlines, pp. 218-219 Aarons & Loftus, Ratlines, p. 219 Aarons & Loftus, Ratlines, p. 220 Aarons & Loftus, Ratlines, p. 221 Blumenthal
Ferdinand_Ďurčanský
Croatian-American professor and fascist collaborator
Draganović, a prominent ratline organizer. In Omrčanin's own estimation, 30,000 Axis officials left Europe using the ratlines. Among those whom he personally
Ivo_Omrčanin
Sailing vessel with three or more square-rigged masts
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Full-rigged_ship
Term for a makeshift repair
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Jury_rigging
Far-right authoritarian political ideology
surviving fascist dictator" by the contemporaries, while his regime supported "ratlines" for war criminals and neo-fascist movements in Europe. His regime evolved
Fascism
Type of sailing vessel
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Barque
President of Argentina (1946–1955, 1973–1974)
Nazis to Perón's Argentina (2002), showing how escape routes known as ratlines were used by former NSDAP members and like-minded people to escape trial
Juan_Perón
Head of the Catholic Church from 1939 to 1958
Vatican personnel in the smuggling of war criminals, the so-called post-war "ratlines". Goñi found out that the British Envoy D'Arcy Osborne had intervened with
Pope_Pius_XII
Major mountain range in Central Europe
of refugees entered Italy illegally, by navigating the Alps. There were Ratlines (i.e. one through Spain and the second through Rome and Genoa) used by
Alps
British/French lawyer, legal academic and author (born 1960)
Radio 4 documentary Intrigue: The Ratline, about the disappearance of senior Nazi Otto Wächter, investigating the "ratlines" by which he escaped justice.
Philippe_Sands
Part of sailboats
tall ships to form the ladders up the shrouds in a fashion similar to ratlines. Battened sails are commonly found in junk ship. A junk is an ancient Chinese
Sail_batten
Part of a sailing rig
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Forestay
Item used in rigging of sailing ships
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Deadeye
as 9,000 Nazis and other fascists escaped Europe to South America via ratlines, including Croats, Ukrainians, Russians, and other Europeans who aided
Latin America during World War II
Latin_America_during_World_War_II
Ukrainian political activist, Ukrainian nationalist, and guerrilla fighter
Soobzokov (Circassian) Aarne Kauhanen (Finnish) Assistance Organizations Ratlines State involvement Colonia Dignidad (Chile) Franco (Spain) Nasser (Egypt)
Mykola_Lebed
List of German Schutzstaffel members
recruiter, most likely for the Ostlegionen. Escaped via Vatican and CIA ratlines to the US after the war. died 6 September 1985 1943 Hans Stern Served in
List_of_SS_personnel
Fastener consisting of a U-shaped bracket through which a pin is placed
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Clevis_fastener
Nazi looting during World War II
objects were sent to Argentina, where numerous Nazi refugees escaped via the ratlines, especially during the presidency of Juan Perón (1946–1955). According
Nazi_plunder
Former intelligence agency within the United States Army
The Counter Intelligence Corps (Army CIC) was a World War II and early Cold War intelligence agency within the United States Army consisting of highly
Counterintelligence_Corps
Type of sail rigging
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Lazy_jack
Icon of the Virgin Mary
Pius and Russia China Poland Catholic clergy involvement with the Ustaše Ratlines Death, canonization, and legacy Late years Death Cause for canonization
Salus_Populi_Romani
Secretive colony founded by Germans in Chile, formerly torture center
relevance of this article us uncertain. Levenda, Peter (Kindle ed., 2012). Ratline: Soviet Spies, Nazi Priests, and the Disappearance of Adolf Hitler. Ibis
Colonia_Dignidad
Austrian Nazi hunter (1908–2005)
Soobzokov (Circassian) Aarne Kauhanen (Finnish) Assistance Organizations Ratlines State involvement Colonia Dignidad (Chile) Franco (Spain) Nasser (Egypt)
Simon_Wiesenthal
Individual who hunts down Nazis and Nazi collaborators
ODESSA" network, which helped exfiltrate Nazis from Europe. Other Nazis used ratlines to escape post-war Europe to places such as South America. In response
Nazi_hunting
Northern Irish writer
Press in October 2010. The book was reviewed in New York Journal of Books. Ratlines was published in January 2013 in the US by Soho Crime. It was reviewed
Stuart_Neville
Austrian war criminal (1912–2001/2010)
Soobzokov (Circassian) Aarne Kauhanen (Finnish) Assistance Organizations Ratlines State involvement Colonia Dignidad (Chile) Franco (Spain) Nasser (Egypt)
Alois_Brunner
Ropes, cables and chains which support masts of sailing ships
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Rigging
Rigging pole
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Spar_(sailing)
Lake in Patagonia
several German businesses; Merou is alleged to have assisted the Nazi ratlines. The residence was later sold to businessman Jorge Antonio, the representative
Nahuel_Huapi_Lake
German physician and general (1893–1970)
Soobzokov (Circassian) Aarne Kauhanen (Finnish) Assistance Organizations Ratlines State involvement Colonia Dignidad (Chile) Franco (Spain) Nasser (Egypt)
Walter_Schreiber
departments. Péron's regime collaborated with an existing ratline and operated additional ratlines through Scandinavia and Switzerland. As many as 5,000 Nazi
Argentina_during_World_War_II
1949 letter of Pope Pius XII regarding persecution of the Hungarian church
Rome Foreign relations Nazi Germany (Reichskonkordat) Post–World War II "Ratlines" Persecutions China Poland Russia Theology Social teachings Mariology Judaism
Acerrimo_moerore
Theatre of military operations during World War II
Meanwhile, Argentina's "fascist-leaning" president, Juan Perón, established "ratlines" (escape routes) in Italian and Spanish ports to smuggle Nazi officials
European theatre of World War II
European_theatre_of_World_War_II
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Extra_(sailing)
Secret post-WWII United States program
Carmel Offie List of Axis personnel indicted for war crimes Project MKNAOMI Ratlines (World War II) Unit 731 – Japanese human experimenters whose top leaders
Operation_Paperclip
Defunct Swiss multinational bank
some of which were related to the postwar Nazi escape routes, known as ratlines. At the hearing, UBS defended its withholding of over 150 documents, arguing
Credit_Suisse
Claimed witness of Hitler's survival
September 2025, podcaster Joe Rogan opined that Hitler escaped, citing the ratlines and the controversial 2015–2018 History series Hunting Hitler. Rogan derided
Philip_Citroën
Pole used in rigging of a sailing vessel
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Mast_(sailing)
Mountain pass through the Alps; border between Italy and Austria
returned to Italy after the end of the war. The Brenner Pass was part of the ratlines that were used by senior Nazis fleeing the allies after the German surrender
Brenner_Pass
Finnish politician (1877–1967)
War after the Finnish government had switched sides and organizing the ratlines. Forsström served as the managing director of Lohjan Kalkkitehdas Oy, founded
Petter_Forsström
Nautical rigging device
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Pelican_hook
Apostolic constitution by Pope Pius XII
Pius and Russia China Poland Catholic clergy involvement with the Ustaše Ratlines Death, canonization, and legacy Late years Death Cause for canonization
Munificentissimus_Deus
One of the lines on a sail ship
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Sheet_(sailing)
Rope tied to a boat
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Painter_(rope)
American television series
including its focus on the Nazi escape routes to South America known as "ratlines". Kennedy argued that the series is unlike the History Channel's pseudoscientific
Hunting_Hitler
Croatian war criminal (1921–2008)
Soobzokov (Circassian) Aarne Kauhanen (Finnish) Assistance Organizations Ratlines State involvement Colonia Dignidad (Chile) Franco (Spain) Nasser (Egypt)
Dinko_Šakić
Spar in ship's rigging
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Dolphin_striker
20th-century pro-Waffen-SS lobbying group in West Germany
Soobzokov (Circassian) Aarne Kauhanen (Finnish) Assistance Organizations Ratlines State involvement Colonia Dignidad (Chile) Franco (Spain) Nasser (Egypt)
Stille_Hilfe
Nazi officer (1914–2001)
Bishop Alois Hudal , enabling war criminals to flee to Argentina via the Ratline, also known as the Monastery Route. Kopps's task was to look after Nazis
Reinhard_Kopps
Custody dispute after World War II
Pius and Russia China Poland Catholic clergy involvement with the Ustaše Ratlines Death, canonization, and legacy Late years Death Cause for canonization
Jewish_orphans_controversy
Austrian Waffen-SS officer (1908–1975)
Soobzokov (Circassian) Aarne Kauhanen (Finnish) Assistance Organizations Ratlines State involvement Colonia Dignidad (Chile) Franco (Spain) Nasser (Egypt)
Otto_Skorzeny
Argentine Nazi collaborator (1887–1948)
established himself in Juan Peron's Argentina. There, he organized one of the ratlines used by collaborators and Nazi fugitives. Lescat helped Pierre Daye find
Charles_Lescat
1990 historical novel by Avi
As the Seahawk enters a powerful hurricane, Charlotte falls from the ratlines and is saved by a man whom she believes is Zachariah, despite his apparent
The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle
The_True_Confessions_of_Charlotte_Doyle
Pius and Russia China Poland Catholic clergy involvement with the Ustaše Ratlines Death, canonization, and legacy Late years Death Cause for canonization
Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust
Pope_Pius_XII_and_the_Holocaust
Croatian fascist and ultranationalist organization (1929–1945)
Pavelić) were smuggled to South America. This was largely done through ratlines operated by Catholic priests who had previously secured positions at the
Ustaše
Croatian Australian ultranationalist
Ustaše contacts also facilitated this process through what is known as the Ratlines, a collective organisation that helped ex-Nazis and their collaborators
Srećko_Rover
German Roman Catholic priest (1887–1967)
"sparked new life" into Austrian Bishop Alois Hudal's plan to set up a "ratline", an escape route from Europe for Nazis and fascists including war criminals
Robert_Leiber
Triangular sail that sets ahead of the foremast
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Jib
Final battles as well as the surrender by Nazi Germany
However, up to 10,000 Nazi war criminals eventually fled Europe using ratlines. German forces withdraw from Finland: On 25 April 1945, the last German
End_of_World_War_II_in_Europe
2011 book and 2014 film
Besides many ranking Nazis confirmed to have fled to Argentina using the ratlines, others are alleged to have escaped with Hitler, including Martin Bormann
Grey Wolf: The Escape of Adolf Hitler
Grey_Wolf:_The_Escape_of_Adolf_Hitler
In sailing, a spar along the bottom edge of a fore and aft rigged sail
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Boom_(sailing)
Pius and Russia China Poland Catholic clergy involvement with the Ustaše Ratlines Death, canonization, and legacy Late years Death Cause for canonization
Pope_Pius_XII_and_Judaism
6th episode of the 7th season of Seinfeld
and ruin his business, forcing him to move to Argentina (paralleling the Ratlines used by the real Nazis). Elaine angers him by smugly claiming, "His soup
The_Soup_Nazi
Small vertical spar on the bow of a ship
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Jackstaff
WWII anti-Soviet colloboration
non-Soviet citizens. Over the next decades, the majority migrated via the "ratlines" and regular immigration pipelines to Australia and North and South America
Cossack collaboration with Nazi Germany
Cossack_collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany
German soldier and businessman (1924–2014)
later to Chile. It has been claimed that he received support from Vatican ratlines helping former war criminals to escape. He arrived in Chile in December
Michael_Kast
Sail boat with a single mast and a fore-and-aft rig
Sprit Yard Rigging Standing Bobstay Lazy jack Running backstay Shroud ratlines Stay mouse† Stays backstay forestay Running Boomkicker* Boom vang Braces
Sloop
Argentine politician (1920–2003)
intelligence of Argentina Richard Walther Darré Carlos Fuldner Charles Lescat Ratlines (World War II) Hermosilla, Macarena (2025-05-23). "Nazi criminals allegedly
Rodolfo_Freude
Period of Spanish history (1936–1975)
neo-fascist movements in Europe up to the 1960s and, after World War II, the "ratlines" for fascists and war criminals. Historians such as Preston, Julián Casanova
Francoist_Spain
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