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A Radio Interface Layer (RIL) is a layer in an operating system which provides an interface to the hardware's radio and modem on e.g. a mobile phone.
Radio_Interface_Layer
Radio communication system implemented in software
radios List of amateur radio software Digital radio Digital signal processing (DSP) Radio Interface Layer (RIL) Softmodem Software defined mobile network
Software-defined_radio
Proprietary interface by Qualcomm
userspace implementations, such as uqmi on OpenWrt, oFono and libqmi. Radio Interface Layer QMI - postmarketOS Wiki Morgado, Aleksander (December 10, 2013)
Qualcomm_MSM_Interface
Lowest-level electronic or optical transmission functions of a network
connection between devices. The physical layer provides an electrical, mechanical, and procedural interface to the transmission medium. The shapes and
Physical_layer
Unofficial port of the Android mobile operating system
drm_gralloc and gbm_gralloc Mesa SwiftShader Audio Camera GPS Lights Radio Interface Layer Sensors More and more components may be added to the updated version
Android-x86
Electrical or optical connectors for carrying audio and video signals
codecs not specific to the interface, such as PCM, MPEG-2, or the DTS Coherent Acoustics codec. In some cases, the application layer is left open; for example
Audio and video interfaces and connectors
Audio_and_video_interfaces_and_connectors
Family of mobile operating systems by Microsoft (2000–2013)
Radio Interface Layer. The Radio Interface Layer provides the system interface between the Cell Core layer within the Windows Mobile OS and the radio
Windows_Mobile
Topics referred to by the same term
RIL may refer to: Radio Interface Layer, a software interface used in a mobile device to communicate via mobile networks RDF Inference Language, a means
RIL
Radio communication link
and data link layers (layer 1 and 2) of the OSI model for a connection. The physical connection of an air interface is generally radio-based. This is
Air_interface
the lower layer Bluetooth BDR/EDR air interface by configuring the number of retransmissions and flush timeout (time after which the radio will flush
List_of_Bluetooth_protocols
Radio Link Control (RLC) is a layer 2 Radio Link Protocol used in GSM (GPRS), UMTS, LTE and 5G on the Air interface. This protocol is specified by 3GPP
Radio_Link_Control
Model of communication of seven abstraction layers
Interface (ODI) are interfaces between the media (layer 2) and the network protocol (layer 3). The table below presents a list of OSI layers, the original OSI
OSI_model
Comprehensive computer networking implementation
software interfaces: one between the media and transport layers, and one between the transport layers and applications. The media-to-transport interface defines
Protocol_stack
Service layer in IEEE 802 network standards
a MAC layer. The MAC protocol in cellular networks is designed to maximize the utilization of the expensive licensed spectrum. The air interface of a cellular
Medium_access_control
Free software version of Android
In June 2022, Replicant announced they had removed F-Droid. The Radio Interface Layer software that handles communication with the modem was replaced
Replicant_(operating_system)
UTRAN component similar to a base station controller in GSM hierarchy
Part), and is carried over Iu interface. Signalling protocol responsible for communications between RNCs is called RNSAP (Radio Network Subsystem Application
Radio_Network_Controller
3GPP interface
X2 interface, and they connect to the packet switched (PS) core network via the S1 interface. The EUTRAN protocol stack consists of: Physical layer: Carries
E-UTRA
Framework for communication protocols used in IP networking
topology and the interfaces needed to effect the transmission of internet layer datagrams to next-neighbor hosts. The protocols of the link layer operate within
Internet_protocol_suite
Ionized part of Earth's upper atmosphere
among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also affects GPS signals, deflecting their
Ionosphere
Low-power, low-bandwidth wireless mesh network
network layer are to ensure correct use of the MAC sublayer and provide a suitable interface for use by the next upper layer, namely the application layer. The
Zigbee
Satellite communications protocol
(SES); Regenerative Satellite Mesh - A (RSM-A) air interface; Physical layer specification; Part 5: Radio transmission and reception (PDF) (Technical specification)
Regenerative Satellite Mesh – A
Regenerative_Satellite_Mesh_–_A
European satellite radio standard
Digital Radio (SDR) Systems; Inner Physical Layer of the Radio Interface; Part 1: Physical Layer of the Radio Interface; Sub-Part 3: Inner Physical Layer Multi
ETSI_Satellite_Digital_Radio
A graphical user interface, or GUI, is a form of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual
Graphical_user_interface
GEO-Mobile Radio Interface (GEO stands for Geostationary Earth Orbit), better known as GMR, is an ETSI standard for satellite phones. The GMR standard
GEO-Mobile_Radio_Interface
Part of GSM mobile telephone standard
frames over the radio interface in 148-bit bursts with one burst per timeslot. There are three sublayers: Radiomodem. This is the actual radio transceiver
Um_interface
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
functions are divided into protocol layers, where each layer leverages the services of the layer below it until the lowest layer controls the hardware that sends
Computer_network
Means by which a user interacts with and controls a machine
to the user. User interfaces are composed of one or more layers, including a human–machine interface (HMI) that typically interfaces machines with physical
User_interface
speech. OpenMAX provides three layers of interfaces: application layer (AL), integration layer (IL) and development layer (DL). OpenMAX is managed by the
OpenMAX
Data link layer communication protocol
In computer networking, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data link layer (layer 2) communication protocol between two routers directly without any host
Point-to-Point_Protocol
High-speed interface technology
were thus that the networking paradigm gave modules well-structured, layered interfaces and that it was time to improve the system architecture of mobile
UniPro
Open radio access network standard
longer-term policies such as network slicing. The fronthaul interface lies between radio Units (RU) and baseband units (Distributed Units (DU)). It is
Open_RAN
AP—Access point APCI—Application-Layer Protocol Control Information APFS—Apple File System API—Application Programming Interface APIC—Advanced Programmable
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Data communications physical layer protocol
M-PHY the physical layer is also used in a number of different high-speed emergent industry standards, DigRF (High speed radio interface), MIPI LLI (Low
M-PHY
Security tools used on ARPANET
"Re: Network Layer Encryption History and Prior Art", email by Steve Kent on the ipsec mailing list, Wed, 19 Jun 1996 10:59:39 +0100 "Interface Messages Processors
ARPANET_encryption_devices
the Radio Protocol Stack in the UMTS/LTE/5G air interface on top of the RLC layer. PDCP provides its services to the RRC and user plane upper layers, e
Packet Data Convergence Protocol
Packet_Data_Convergence_Protocol
Telecommunications protocol
RANAP is carried over Iu-interface. RANAP signalling protocol resides in the control plane of Radio network layer of Iu interface in the UMTS (Universal
RANAP
Error made by the human user of a complex system
to it as "biological interface error". The networking administrators' version is referring to the cause of a problem as a "layer 8 issue", referring to
User_error
Digital audio format
MP3 (formally MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III) is an audio coding format developed largely by the Fraunhofer Society in Germany under
MP3
Mobile telecommunications standards body
3GPP's web site. The technical specifications cover not only the radio part ("air interface") and core network, but also billing information and speech coding
3GPP
Communication connection between two nodes or endpoints
called Interface Message Processors. With the exception of passive optical networks, modern Ethernet is exclusively point-to-point on the physical layer –
Point-to-point (telecommunications)
Point-to-point_(telecommunications)
Architectural framework of telecommunications
Protocol (RTP). A signalling gateway (SGW) interfaces with the signalling plane of the CS. It transforms lower layer protocols as Stream Control Transmission
IP_Multimedia_Subsystem
Using multiple network connections in parallel to increase capacity and reliability
between network interfaces on per network socket (layer 4) basis, while channel bonding implies a division of traffic between physical interfaces at a lower
Link_aggregation
Cellular network standard
The Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol is used in UMTS, LTE and 5G on the Air interface. It is a layer 3 (Network Layer) protocol used between UE and
Radio_Resource_Control
Devices that mediate data transmission in a computer network
connections include: Network interface controller (NIC): a device connecting a computer to a computer network. Wireless network interface controller: a device
Networking_hardware
This is a list of interface bit rates, a measure of information transfer rates, or digital bandwidth capacity, at which digital interfaces in a computer or
List_of_interface_bit_rates
ETSI standard for cordless telephony
"ETSI TR 103 635 V1.1.1 (2019-11): DECT-2020 New Radio (NR) interface; Study on MAC and higher layers" (PDF). ITU-R R15-IMT.2020-C-0053. Detailed schedule
DECT
Hardware component that connects a computer to a wireless computer network
interface controllers (NICs), works on the layers 1 and 2 of the OSI model. A wireless network interface controller may be implemented as an expansion
Wireless network interface controller
Wireless_network_interface_controller
well-adapted physical layer, a workable low-power media access layer, and a management interface. Related standards use the physical layer (e.g. Internet Protocol
IEC_61334
Military protocol for data communications
The Standard Interface for Multiple Platform Link Evaluation (SIMPLE) is a military communications protocol defined in NATO's Standardization Agreement
SIMPLE (military communications protocol)
SIMPLE_(military_communications_protocol)
Packet-oriented mobile data service for 2G and 3G networks
Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Mobile Station (MS) - Base Station System (BSS) interface; Radio Link Control / Medium Access Control
GPRS
TIA/EIA/IS-2000.5-A Upper Layer (Layer 3) Signaling Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems TIA/EIA/IS-2000.5-C Upper Layer (Layer 3) Signaling Standard
List_of_EIA_standards
Third generation mobile cellular system
lower layers without adding any header to SDU of higher layers. MAC handles the scheduling of data on air interface depending on higher layer (RRC) configured
UMTS
Gas layer surrounding Earth
The atmosphere of Earth consists of a layer of mixed gas (commonly referred to as air) that is retained by gravity, surrounding the Earth's surface. It
Atmosphere_of_Earth
Wave where gravity is the main restoring force
interface through the critical layer. This supply of energy to the interface is destabilizing and causes the amplitude of the wave on the interface to
Gravity_wave
IEEE standards for local and metropolitan area networks
Data link layer LLC sublayer MAC sublayer Physical layer The conceptual interfaces between these layers are known as Service Access Points (SAPs), e.g.,
IEEE_802
Form of amateur radio data communications using the AX25 protocol
to Packet radio. "Packet Radio Physical Layer" Useful notes taken by N1VG during the development of the OpenTracker TNC/APRS node Packet radio software
Packet_radio
Routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks
Furthermore, all kinds of layer 3 protocols can be used, like IP, DHCP, IPv6, IPX, etc. The protocol daemon creates a virtual network interface, which can be used
Ad hoc wireless distribution service
Ad_hoc_wireless_distribution_service
interface. RLP occurs on the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI networking model. Most wireless air interfaces are tuned to provide 1% packet loss, and
Radio_Link_Protocol
Mobile data technology for GSM networks
which the RLC/MAC layer protocol data unit (PDU) (called a radio block) is transmitted. As shown in TS 44.060 section 10.0a.1, a radio block consists of
EDGE_(telecommunication)
Connection between brain and computer
A brain–computer interface (BCI), sometimes called a brain–machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication link between the brain's electrical activity
Brain–computer_interface
Upcoming virtual reality headset
the existing Proton compatibility layer for Microsoft Windows software, as well as additional compatibility layers for Android apps (primarily for running
Steam_Frame
Section of cellular telephone network
less load on the expensive Abis interface. The BTSs are equipped with radios that are able to modulate layer 1 of interface Um; for GSM 2G+ the modulation
Base_station_subsystem
Amateur radio data communications protocol
25) is a data link layer protocol originally derived from layer 2 of the X.25 protocol suite and designed for use by amateur radio operators. It is used
AX.25
Radio access technology for 5G networks
mobile network. It was designed to be the global standard for the air interface of 5G networks. It is based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
5G_NR
Multi-tool electronic device
copy, and emulate RFID and NFC tags, radio remotes, iButtons, and digital access keys. It also has a GPIO interface. It was first announced in August 2020
Flipper_Zero
System for exchanging messages between computing systems
the layers, each layer solving a distinct class of problems relating to, for instance: application-, transport-, internet- and network interface-functions
Communication_protocol
Kernelvirtual network devices
packets at different layers of the network stack. TUN, namely network TUNnel, simulates a network layer device and operates in layer 3 carrying IP packets
TUN/TAP
ITU-T recommendation
3e2, 4 or flex). Work on support for InfiniBand and Common Public Radio Interface client signals is currently[when?] in progress. The frame structure
G.709
Device used by amateur radio operators
baud AFSK to 19,200 C4FSK. It has a KISS interface to the compute device, and implements IL2P (Improved Layer 2 Protocol) for Forward Error Correction
Terminal_node_controller
Time gap between transmissions in wireless networking
(SIFS), is the amount of time in microseconds required for a wireless interface to process a received frame and to respond with a response frame. It is
Short_Interframe_Space
Flash memory card format
throughout the 2010s, driven by advances in NAND flash manufacturing and interface speeds. In January 2009, the SDA introduced the Secure Digital eXtended
SD_card
Arrangement of a communication network
communication), and radio waves (wireless networking). In the OSI model, these are defined at layers 1 and 2 — the physical layer and the data link layer. A widely
Network_topology
IEEE standard for low-rate wireless personal area networks
service. It also, provides an interface to the physical layer management entity, which offers access to every physical layer management function and maintains
IEEE_802.15.4
Service (QoS) of a mobile radio network. The technique consists of using a motor vehicle containing mobile radio network air interface measurement equipment
Drive_testing
Standard in building automation
of the physical layers and the medium-specific data link layer and is shared by all the devices on the KNX Network. It is OSI 7-layer model compliant:
KNX
Emulation a dedicated physical link over a packet-switched network
per-connection flow controls at all user-to-network and network-to-network interfaces. This permits participation in congestion control and reduces the likelihood
Virtual_circuit
Inter-process communication API
designed to be reentrant and supports IPv6. The STREAMS-based Transport Layer Interface (TLI) API offers an alternative to the socket API. Many systems that
Berkeley_sockets
Physical structure guiding light waves
consists of three layers of materials with different dielectric constants, extending infinitely in the directions parallel to their interfaces. Light is confined
Waveguide_(optics)
Media center application created by Microsoft
runtime, either from markup or code behind classes, the interface is generated. Presentation Layer applications can either be locally installed, or downloaded
Windows_Media_Center
Extension of a private network across a public one
facilitated through the simultaneous use of a LAN network interface controller (NIC), radio NIC, Wireless LAN NIC, and virtual private network client
Virtual_private_network
Family of wireless network protocols
stack. For internetworking purposes, Wi-Fi is usually layered as a link layer below the internet layer of the Internet Protocol. This means that nodes have
Wi-Fi
Digital optical disc data storage format
same dimensions. A standard single-layer DVD can store up to 4.7 GB of data, a dual-layer DVD up to 8.5 GB. Dual-layer, double-sided DVDs can store up to
DVD
Series of wireless broadband standards
standardizes two aspects of the air interface – the physical layer (PHY) and the media access control (MAC) layer. This section provides an overview of
IEEE_802.16
Radio standard by ETSI
technology and protocol layers are provided in the DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 1: Overview; Release 1 specification Convergence layer offers identification
DECT-2020
3GPP TS 05.01 Physical layer on the radio path; General description 3GPP TS 05.02 Multiplexing and Multiple Access on the Radio Path http://www.3gpp
FCCH
Short-range wireless technology standard
the lower layer Bluetooth BDR/EDR air interface by configuring the number of retransmissions and flush timeout (time after which the radio flushes packets)
Bluetooth
Digital audiovisual data interface
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a brand of proprietary digital interface used to transmit high-quality video and audio signals between devices
HDMI
Protocol sublayer
sublayer of layer 2 protocol of Radio Interface Protocol Architecture as per BMC-STD. It exists in the user plane only. It is located above the Radio Link Control
Broadcast/Multicast_Control
modulation (FDD) TS 25.214 Physical layer procedures (FDD) TS 25.215 Physical layer - Measurements (FDD) TS 25.301 Radio interface protocol architecture
UMTS_channels
Physical phenomenon
refractive index gradient or along an interface between two media having different dielectric constants. In radio transmission, a ground wave is a guided
Surface_wave
Avionics data bus standard
commercial and transport aircraft. It defines the physical and electrical interfaces of a two-wire data bus and a data protocol to support an aircraft's avionics
ARINC_429
Type of field-effect transistor
at the interface between two layers of differing band gaps, termed the heterojunction. Some examples of previously explored heterojunction layer compositions
High-electron-mobility transistor
High-electron-mobility_transistor
Type of field-effect transistor
the oxide and creates an inversion layer or channel at the semiconductor-insulator interface. The inversion layer provides a channel through which current
MOSFET
Wireless network standard
uses the same data link layer protocol and frame format as the original standard, but an OFDM based air interface (physical layer) was added. It operates
IEEE_802.11
Traditional analog landline telephone service
Retrieved February 28, 2020" (PDF). "I.430 : Basic user-network interface – Layer 1 specification". International Telecommunication Union. 2010-08-23
Plain_old_telephone_service
Home networking over legacy wiring
modulation. The interface between the Application Entity and the Data Link Layer is called A-interface. The interface between the Data Link Layer and the physical
G.hn
Modem standard developed by Bell System in 1976
In addition, Bell 202 is the basis for the most commonly used physical layer for the HART Communication Protocol - a communication protocol widely used
Bell_202
Combining resources into a single entity
hardware, such as switches and network adapters, also known as network interface cards (NICs) Network elements, such as firewalls and load balancers Networks
Network_virtualization
25.423. It is carried on the lur interface and provides functionality needed for soft handovers and SRNS (Serving Radio Network Subsystem) relocation (handoff
RNSAP
Alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics
1038/s41467-023-37943-6. De Roo, J. et al. "Application of quantum dot interface modification layer in perovskite solar cells: Progress and perspectives." Nanomaterials
Perovskite_solar_cell
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
Girl/Female
Indian
Content, Satisfied
Male
Czechoslovakian
, happy peace.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Lothrop. Alternatively, it may be a habitational name from Layerthorpe in York, which is named from Old Norse leirr ‘clay’ or leira ‘clayey place’ + þorp ‘outlying farmstead’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a layer of paving, from Middle English, Old French pavier ‘paver’, an agent derivative of Old French paver ‘to pave’ (though the Old French verb may be a back-formation from pavement ‘laid floor’).
Boy/Male
Indian
Satisfied
Boy/Male
Muslim
Satisfied
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English frette, Old French frete ‘interlaced work (in metal and precious stones)’ such as was used for hair ornaments and the like, hence a metonymic occupational name for a maker of such pieces.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Fretter, an occupational name for a maker of ornaments (especially for the hair) consisting of jewels set in a lattice network, from an agent derivative of Middle English frette, Old French frete ‘interlaced work’.
Boy/Male
African Egyptian
Righteous.
Girl/Female
Arabic, French
Satisfied; Content
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and French
English, Scottish, and French : nickname for an intelligent person, from Middle English, Old French raison ‘reasoning’, ‘intellectual faculty’ (Latin ratio, genitive rationis).
Girl/Female
Muslim
Content, Satisfied
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places in northern France named with the Germanic element lÄr ‘clearing’.English : variant of Layer.English : nickname from Old English hlÄ“or ‘cheek’, ‘face’Irish : reduced Anglicization of Gaelic Mac Giolla Uidhir ‘son of the swarthy lad’ or ‘son of the servant of Odhar’, a byname from odhar (genitive uidhir) ‘dun-colored’, ‘weatherbeaten’. Compare McAleer.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Finnish, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
In Concordance; Satisfied
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Wife of Lord Krishna
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Satisfied
Boy/Male
English American
Tile layer, or a. An English surname frequently used as a given name.
Male
Croatian
, happy, joyful.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of three places in Essex – Layer Breton, Layer de la Haye, and Layer Marney – all named from a river name, Leire, or from Leire in Leicestershire, also named from an identical river name. The river name is of Celtic origin and is probably the base of the tribal name Ligore, found in the place name Leicester.English : nickname or status name from Anglo-Norman French le eyr ‘the heir’. Compare Ayer.English : occupational name for a stone layer, Middle English leyer; the job of the layer was to position the stones worked by the masons.German : habitational name for someone from any of the various placed named Lay, in the Rhineland and Bavaria.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a maker or layer of tiles, from an agent derivative of Middle English tile ‘tile’. In the Middle Ages tiles were widely used in floors and pavements, and to a lesser extent in roofing, where they did not really come into their own until the 16th century.
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
Male
English
Man of Flatlands
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord Muruga
Girl/Female
Arabic, Islamic, Muslim, Pakistani
Angel
Boy/Male
Czechoslovakian
Supplanter.
Girl/Female
Indian
Glorification, Exaltation
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Delicacy
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : variant of Merrihew.
Male
Russian
Variant spelling of Russian Bogatyr, BOGATIR means "hero" or "warrior."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dhruddavrat | தà¯à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾à®µà¯à®°à®¤Â
Strong willed meditator
Boy/Male
Scandinavian
Name of an ancient Danish king.
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
RADIO INTERFACE-LAYER
v. t.
To place between or among; as, to interplace a name.
v. i.
To interfere; to intermeddle.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Interlace
v. t.
See Interlace.
imp. & p. p.
of Interfere
v. i.
To act upon each other; as, two agents mutually interact.
n.
Alt. of Intervale
a.
Interlaced, like two combs.
pl.
of Radix
v. i.
To clash or interfere.
pl.
of Radix
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Interfere
v. t.
To interweave or interlace.
n.
A number or quantity which is arbitrarily made the fundamental number of any system; a base. Thus, 10 is the radix, or base, of the common system of logarithms, and also of the decimal system of numeration.
n.
The relation which one quantity or magnitude has to another of the same kind. It is expressed by the quotient of the division of the first by the second; thus, the ratio of 3 to 6 is expressed by / or /; of a to b by a/b; or (less commonly) the second term is made the dividend; as, a:b = b/a.
imp. & p. p.
of Interlace
n.
Hence, fixed relation of number, quantity, or degree; rate; proportion; as, the ratio of representation in Congress.
v. t. & i.
To unite, as by lacing together; to insert or interpose one thing within another; to intertwine; to interweave.
n.
Ratio; proportion.