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Relation of the partial pressure of water in air to temperature
The psychrometric constant γ {\displaystyle \gamma } relates the partial pressure of water in air to the air temperature. This lets one interpolate actual
Psychrometric_constant
Study of gas-vapor mixtures
Psychrometrics (or psychrometry, from Greek ψυχρόν (psuchron) 'cold' and μέτρον (metron) 'means of measurement'; also called hygrometry) is the field of
Psychrometrics
Equation describing evaporation
conductance (m s−1) λv = latent heat of vaporization (J kg−1) γ = psychrometric constant (Pa K−1) which (if the SI units in parentheses are used) will give
Penman_equation
Meteorological estimate for evapotranspiration
Conductivity of stoma, surface or stomatal conductance (m s−1) γ = Psychrometric constant (γ ≈ 66 Pa K−1) Note: Often, resistances are used rather than conductivities
Penman–Monteith_equation
Amount of evaporation
speed at 2m height (m s−1) δe = Vapor pressure deficit (kPa) γ = Psychrometric constant (γ ≈ 66 Pa K−1) N.B.: The coefficients 0.408 and 900 are not unitless
Potential_evapotranspiration
American inventor (1876–1950)
Psychrometric Formulae – at the annual meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. It became known as the "Magna Carta of Psychrometrics
Willis_Carrier
Thermodynamic cycle
conditioning set-up. The psychrometric process of the air passing through the system with four state points is shown on the psychrometric chart of Figure 2 as
Cromer_cycle
Alphabetical listing of underwater diving related topics
hazard – Occupational hazard to one's psychological well-being Psychrometric constant – Relation of the partial pressure of water in air to temperature
Index of underwater diving: O–R
Index_of_underwater_diving:_O–R
Temperature below which condensation occurs
Another common set of values originates from the 1974 Psychrometry and Psychrometric Charts.[new archival link needed] a = 6.105 mbar , b = 17.27 , c
Dew_point
Difference between moisture in air and moisture capacity
the saturation pressure. Saturation pressure can be looked up in a psychrometric chart or derived from the Arrhenius equation; a way to compute it directly
Vapour-pressure_deficit
Chart describing internal energy of thermodynamic systems
underlying property data for the Mollier diagram is identical to a psychrometric chart. At first inspection, there may appear little resemblance between
Enthalpy–entropy_chart
Temperature of a thermometer covered by moist cloth
values. The relationships between these values are illustrated in a psychrometric chart. Lower wet-bulb temperatures that correspond with drier air in
Wet-bulb_temperature
Engineering discipline
(CNC) manufacturing, parts can now be fabricated without the need for constant technician input. Manually manufactured parts generally consist of spray
Mechanical_engineering
Gaseous phase of water
content of the atmosphere as a whole is constantly depleted by precipitation. At the same time it is constantly replenished by evaporation, most prominently
Water_vapor
Heating or air-conditioning system
Unlike constant air volume (CAV) systems, which supply a constant airflow at a variable temperature, VAV systems vary the airflow at a constant or varying
Variable_air_volume
Type of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system
Constant air volume (CAV) is a type of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system. In a simple CAV system, the supply air flow rate is constant
Constant_air_volume
Device that cools air through the evaporation of water
cooling can be visualized using a psychrometric chart by finding the initial air condition and moving along a line of constant enthalpy toward a state of higher
Evaporative_cooler
Measure of energy in a thermodynamic system
in many measurements in chemical, biological, and physical systems at a constant external pressure, which is conveniently provided by Earth's ambient atmosphere
Enthalpy
Diagram showing the thermodynamic states of a material
purpose diagrams include: PV diagram T–s diagram h–s (Mollier) diagram Psychrometric chart Cooling curve Indicator diagram Saturation vapor curve Thermodynamic
Thermodynamic_diagrams
Water in the gas phase
scientific correlation) Industrial Revolution Mass production Oxyhydrogen Psychrometrics – moist air–vapor mixtures, humidity, and air conditioning Steam–electric
Steam
Instrument for measuring humidity
locating the intersection of the wet and dry-bulb temperatures on a psychrometric chart. The dry and wet thermometers coincide when the air is fully saturated
Hygrometer
Gas compressor where the piston is driven by a linear actuator
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Linear_compressor
Concentration of water vapour in the air
of an air and water vapor mixture is determined through the use of psychrometric charts if both the dry bulb temperature (T) and the wet bulb temperature
Humidity
Range of indoor air temperatures preferred by most people
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Room_temperature
Leakage of outside air into a building
comfort Sick building syndrome Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Psychrometrics Mechanical engineering Architectural engineering Green building Fundamentals
Infiltration_(HVAC)
Mechanical fan that forces fluid to move radially outward
axial fans, constant-volume devices, meaning that at a constant fan speed, such device moves a constant volume of air rather than a constant mass. This
Centrifugal_fan
Home automation software
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Home_Assistant
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Air_sanitizer
Temperature maintenance device connected to Wi-Fi
these models, the smart thermostat is compared to a thermostat set at a constant temperature, and savings are calculated. Using this method, ecobee calculated
Smart_thermostat
Moisture content at which a material is neither gaining nor losing moisture
Sadakam, Samy Grain Drying Tools: Equilibrium Moisture Content Tables and Psychrometric Charts. Univ. Arkansas, FSA1074 FAO. 2011. Rural structures in the tropics
Equilibrium_moisture_content
Maximum density of water vapor at given temperature
P is the SVP, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant and T is the temperature in kelvins. The number of moles is related to
Saturation_vapor_density
Conduit used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
must be carefully planned in ventilation design.[why?] While single-zone constant air volume systems typically do not have these, multi-zone systems often
Duct_(flow)
Ways to cool down intake air of gas turbines
of water, hourly electric demand values, cost of fuel. Energy portal Psychrometrics Load duration curve Thermal energy storage Vapor-compression refrigeration
Turbine_inlet_air_cooling
Machine to increase pressure of gas by reducing its volume
behaves like an ideal gas with constant specific heats Isentropic ( P v k = c o n s t a n t {\displaystyle Pv^{k}=constant} , where k = C p / C v {\displaystyle
Compressor
Substance used to reduce or regulate the temperature of a system
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Coolant
Physics of heat, work, and temperature
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics Philosophy of thermal and statistical physics Psychrometrics Quantum thermodynamics Statistical thermodynamics, i.e. Statistical
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamic phase transition energy
energy released or absorbed, by a body or a thermodynamic system, during a constant-temperature process—usually a first-order phase transition, like melting
Latent_heat
Registered trade name for halocarbon products
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Freon
Method of heat exchange in which convection drives pumpless circulation
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Thermosiphon
Underground heat exchanger loop that can capture or dissipate heat to or from the ground
heat from and/or dissipate heat to the ground. They use the Earth's near constant subterranean temperature to warm or cool air or other fluids for residential
Ground-coupled_heat_exchanger
Measure of the passage of water vapor through a substance
Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers-Constant and Cycle Methods ASTM D7709 - Standard Test Methods for Measuring Water
Moisture vapor transmission rate
Moisture_vapor_transmission_rate
Component of central heating and cooling systems
Kv = flow rate [m3/h] / ΔP [bar was based on a constant pressure and a constant Kv, delivering a constant flow. However, as areas of the variable-flow system
Automatic_balancing_valve
Typical temperature range found in humans
humidity, affect the ability of the mammalian body to thermoregulate. The psychrometric temperature, of which the wet-bulb temperature is the main component
Human_body_temperature
Damp proofing material in sheet form
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Vapor_barrier
Recycling of refrigerant gas
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Refrigerant_reclamation
properly rated for its fire and smoke indices. See also: plenum chamber psychrometric The study of the behavior of air-water vapor mixtures. Water vapor plays
Glossary_of_HVAC_terms
Optimization of the distribution of water in a building's heating or cooling system
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Hydronic_balancing
Feedback control method to maintain indoor air quality
systems compared to those of buildings that use open-loop controls with constant ventilation rates. Local sensors and monitoring systems are making a cautious
Demand_controlled_ventilation
Pressure exerted by molecules of water vapor in gaseous form
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Vapour_pressure_of_water
Fire protection products
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Smoke_damper
Type of heat pump
heat pump uses a single pure working fluid, hence exchanges heat at a constant temperature. The absorption–compression heat pump uses instead a binary
Absorption–compression heat pump
Absorption–compression_heat_pump
Absorption refrigerator invented in 1930
refrigerator is an absorption refrigerator which has no moving parts, operates at constant pressure, and requires only a heat source to operate. It was jointly invented
Einstein_refrigerator
Liquid additive
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Antifreeze
Heat transfer due to the movement of fluid
the body and its surroundings while under the effects of a breeze. The constant of proportionality is the heat transfer coefficient. The law applies when
Convection_(heat_transfer)
System for condensing gas into liquid by cooling
tubing has constant perimeter, constant thickness, and constant heat conductivity, and whose condensible fluid is perfectly mixed and at a constant temperature
Condenser_(heat_transfer)
Thermal engineering discipline concerning transfer of heat in physical systems
\rho } is density (kg/m3), c p {\displaystyle c_{p}} is heat capacity at constant pressure (J/kg·K), Δ T {\displaystyle \Delta T} is the difference in temperature
Heat_transfer
German meteorologist
effect in predicting the tracks of cyclones. Sprung also came up with a psychrometric formula that allows the computation of relative humidity from dry- and
Adolf_Sprung
depression indicates that the air is more moist at a given temperature. For a constant temperature, the smaller the difference, the more moisture there is, and
Dew_point_depression
Measure of the air volume added to or removed from a space
consists of a short burst of gas injected into the space to establish a constant concentration within the building, then injection is stopped and concentration
Air_changes_per_hour
Method for measuring moisture content
number of water molecules adsorbed will cause a change in the dielectric constant of the sensor. The sensor impedance correlates to the water concentration
Moisture_analysis
Cooling of air in an enclosed space
conditioners allow the building's indoor environment to remain relatively constant, largely independent of changes in external weather conditions and internal
Air_conditioning
Air conditioning technology
category includes two distinct systems: E-inverter system: Operates at a constant voltage and frequency. The compressor runs at a fixed speed in a single-phase
Inverter_compressor
Type of heating device
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Convection_heater
Technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort
because open windows would work against the system intended to maintain constant indoor air conditions. Outside, fresh air is generally drawn into the system
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Heating,_ventilation,_and_air_conditioning
Type of convection heater
with a fan to increase the quality of airflow over the heater. As it is constantly bringing the colder air from the room into contact with the heater, this
Oil_heater
Standards organization
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
ASTM_International
Tank used in hot water systems
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Expansion_tank
Thermometer which infers temperature by measuring infrared energy emission
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Infrared_thermometer
Graphical technique for data sets
given data for the adult male population. Very complex graph: the psychrometric chart, relating temperature, pressure, humidity, and other quantities
Plot_(graphics)
HVAC system
"Constant Air Volume – CAV". theengineeringmindset.com. Retrieved 2023-10-27. "US7582009B1". patents.google.com. Retrieved 2023-10-27. "Constant Air
Forced-air
Device which removes solid particulates from the air
which is wetted by oil droplets aspirated there by normal airflow. The constant aspiration of oil onto the filter media slowly carries most of the finer
Air_filter
Temperature index that accounts for the effects of humidity
temperature of 29 °C (84 °F) and relative humidity of 40% in the sea-level psychrometric chart, and in Steadman's table at 40% RH the apparent temperature is
Heat_index
System that transfers heat from one space to another
of 10 °C and an internal temperature of 20 °C. Because the ground is a constant temperature source, a ground-source heat pump is not subjected to large
Heat_pump
Minimization of heat transfer
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Thermal_insulation
Release of a gas that was inside of some material
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Outgassing
Exhaust for a fireplace, furnace etc
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Flue
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Warm_Spaces
Refrigerator that uses a heat source
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Absorption_refrigerator
Equipment used to transfer heat between fluids
exists between those used for heating, and those for cooling. Due to psychrometrics, air that is cooled often has moisture condensing out of it, except
Heat_exchanger
Electrical device to ionise air molecules
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Air_ioniser
Refrigeration method
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Adsorption_refrigeration
Heat exchanged by a body or thermodynamic system
ice, the temperature of the system containing the ice and the liquid is constant until all ice has melted. Latent heat and sensible heat are complementary
Sensible_heat
Type of heating system
influential. They were widely copied in the new mills of the Midlands and were constantly improved, reaching maturity with the work of de Chabannes on the ventilation
Central_heating
Refrigeration process
point 1 to point 2, the vapor is isentropically compressed (compressed at constant entropy) and exits the compressor as a high-pressure, high-temperature
Vapor-compression refrigeration
Vapor-compression_refrigeration
Air compressor
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Scroll_compressor
Control system for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
HVAC_control_system
Type of home appliance that clears smoke from a stove
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Kitchen_hood
Concept in architectural and engineering practice
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Building_envelope
of atmospheric air movements and by local topography. psychrometer psychrometrics The field of engineering concerned with the physical and thermodynamic
Glossary_of_meteorology
Measure of specific energy in humid air
of humid air if it were cooled to a certain reference temperature under constant pressure while simultaneously removing any condensation formed during the
Sigma_heat
Interior fungal growth
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Indoor_mold
Air conditioning system that allows for individual control of spaces
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Variable_refrigerant_flow
Special purpose heat exchanger
Assuming the fans are fitted with inverter speed controls, set to maintain a constant pressure in the ventilation system, then the reduced pressure drop leads
Recuperator
Window protection with horizontal angled slats
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Louver
Efficiency standard of air filters
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
HEPA
Satisfaction with the thermal environment
combination complies with ASHRAE 55. The results are displayed on a psychrometric or a temperature-relative humidity chart and indicate the ranges of
Thermal_comfort
Where fluid motion is generated by an external source
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Forced_convection
Communication protocol used for building automation
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
BACnet
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Sail_switch
Machine transforming a liquid into a gas
Humidity Infiltration Latent heat Noise control Outgassing Particulates Psychrometrics Sensible heat Stack effect Thermal comfort Thermal destratification
Evaporator
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PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
PSYCHROMETRIC CONSTANT
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