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Fixed tax paid by every liable individual
A poll tax, also known as head tax or capitation, is a tax levied as a fixed sum on every liable individual (typically every adult), without reference
Poll_tax
Series of poll taxes in England
The Poll taxes of 1376–1381 was a series of three poll taxes in the Kingdom of England between 1376 and 1381 that was credited with leading up to the Peasants'
Poll_taxes_of_1376–1381
Tax required to vote
Poll taxes were used in the United States until they were outlawed under section 10 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Poll taxes (taxes of a fixed amount
Poll taxes in the United States
Poll_taxes_in_the_United_States
Controversial system of taxation from 1989 to 1993
the poll tax, was a system of local taxation introduced by Margaret Thatcher's government, whereby each taxpayer was taxed the same fixed sum (a "poll tax"
Poll_tax_(Great_Britain)
Series of protests in Great Britain (1990s)
The poll tax riots were a series of riots in British towns and cities during protests against the Community Charge (commonly known as the "poll tax"),
Poll_tax_riots
1381 uprising in England
whom they suspected of corruption. A second poll tax was approved, this time with a sliding scale of taxes against seven different classes of English society
Peasants'_Revolt
English tax
The Poll Tax of 1379 was granted to the King by the lords, commoners and clergy of England in order to finance the Hundred Years' War. It was graduated
Poll_Tax_of_1379
Topics referred to by the same term
up poll tax in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A poll tax is a tax of a fixed amount applied to every individual regardless of income. Poll tax may
Poll_tax_(disambiguation)
Compulsory contribution to state revenue
the tax system more towards taxing an individual's income rather than wealth. Islamic rulers imposed Zakat (a tax on Muslims) and Jizya (a poll tax on
Tax
1964 amendment prohibiting poll taxes
both Congress and the states from requiring the payment of a poll tax or any other tax to vote in federal elections. The amendment was proposed by Congress
Twenty-fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Twenty-fourth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
The French Poll Tax of 1695 was established by King Louis XIV in order to finance the War of the League of Augsburg. The traditional methods of war financing
French_Poll_Tax_of_1695
Islamic tax on non-Muslims
poll tax does not translate the Arabic word jizya, being also inaccurate in light of the exemptions granted to children, women, etc., unlike a poll tax
Jizya
free men regardless of whether they own property, provided they pay a $1 poll tax. Naturalized citizens are still not eligible to vote unless they own property
Timeline of voting rights in the United States
Timeline_of_voting_rights_in_the_United_States
Anti-Poll Tax Unions (APTUs) were set up in local areas throughout Scotland, England and Wales to organise against the poll tax (officially the "Community
Anti-Poll_Tax_Unions
Movement to abolish US poll taxes
women's poll tax repeal movement was a movement in the United States, predominantly led by women, that attempted to secure the abolition of poll taxes as a
Women's poll tax repeal movement
Women's_poll_tax_repeal_movement
Post-Civil War voter suppression efforts in the United States
educational qualification and prepayment of a poll tax. A grandfather clause exempted from the poll tax those entitled to vote on January 1, 1867. The
Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era
Disfranchisement_after_the_Reconstruction_era
Historical poll tax on Chinese immigrants to New Zealand
New Zealand imposed a poll tax on Chinese immigrants during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The poll tax was effectively lifted in the 1930s following
New_Zealand_head_tax
Laws enforcing racial segregation in the U.S.
people and tens of thousands of poor white people through a combination of poll taxes, literacy and comprehension tests, and residency and record-keeping requirements
Jim_Crow_laws
Tax imposed on women by the Kingdom of Tranvancore
expected to pay poll tax when they start to work around the age of fourteen. Poll tax paid by men were called talakkaram (lit. 'head tax') or meeshakkaram
Breast_tax
Left-wing grouping within Labour Party
Thatcher announced plans to introduce a flat-tax to fund local Government. The planned tax became known as the poll tax and was thought by many to be intended
Socialist_Campaign_Group
Poll Tax was an organization founded in 1941 by civil rights activists Joseph Gelders and Virginia Durr to obtain federal action to override poll tax
National Committee to Abolish the Poll Tax
National_Committee_to_Abolish_the_Poll_Tax
taxed good or activity or engaged in a strike to reduce or eliminate the tax due. In the 1st century AD, Jewish Zealots in Judaea resisted the poll tax
List of historical acts of tax resistance
List_of_historical_acts_of_tax_resistance
The Jewish poll tax (Polish: pogłówne żydowskie) was a poll tax imposed on Jews in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was later absorbed into the hiberna
Jewish_poll_tax
UK Neo-Druid activist
summoned to magistrates' court after refusing to pay two years' worth of poll tax. His case was presided over by Lord Tenby, who allowed Pendragon to wear
Arthur_Uther_Pendragon
Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750)
meaning at first, the concepts of poll tax and land tax existed early in Islamic history." Denner, Conversion and the Poll Tax, 3–10; Ajiaz Hassan Qureshi,
Early_Muslim_conquests
Higher tax ratio on poorer sources
measure can be applied to individual taxes or to a tax system as a whole; a year, multi-year, or lifetime. A poll tax is a fixed sum levied on all individuals
Regressive_tax
Poll tax in ancient Rome
capitis was a poll tax in ancient Rome. The ancient Romans imposed a tributum capitis (poll tax) as one of the principal direct taxes on the peoples
Tributum_capitis
Leader of the 1381 Peasants' Revolt (1341 or c. 1320 – 1381)
group of rebels from Canterbury to London to oppose the collection of a poll tax and to demand economic and social reforms. While the brief rebellion enjoyed
Wat_Tyler
Local taxation system
Finance Act 1992, replacing the short-lived Community Charge (also known as "poll tax"), which in turn had replaced the domestic rates. Each property is assigned
Council_Tax
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1990 to 1997
His government introduced the Citizen's Charter, replaced the poll tax with Council Tax, oversaw Britain's participation in the Gulf War, took charge
John_Major
riots 2025 Northern Ireland riots 2025 British anti-immigration protests Poll tax riots Fuel protests in the United Kingdom Rebecca Riots Poplar Rates Rebellion
List of protests in the United Kingdom
List_of_protests_in_the_United_Kingdom
1966 United States Supreme Court case
a case in which the United States Supreme Court found that Virginia's poll tax was unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth
Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections
Harper_v._Virginia_State_Board_of_Elections
American politician (1886–1964)
state senator, he would help in a successful attempt to repeal Florida's poll tax in 1937. Graham was born in Croswell, Michigan, and received his education
Ernest_R._Graham_(politician)
Period of the Government of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990
Conservative voters and parliamentarians with the imposition of a local poll tax. As her support ebbed away, she was challenged for her leadership in 1990
Premiership of Margaret Thatcher
Premiership_of_Margaret_Thatcher
collected taxes on imports ("tariffs"), whiskey, and (for a while) on glass windows. States and localities collected poll taxes on voters and property taxes on
History of taxation in the United States
History_of_taxation_in_the_United_States
(popularly known as the Poll Tax). Each property is assigned one of eight bands (A to H) based on property value, and the tax is set as a fixed amount
Council_Tax_in_Scotland
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Poll, poll, polling, or polls in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Poll, polled, or polling may refer to: Poll, a formal election Election verification
Poll
This is a list of the taxes levied by ancient Rome. Tributum soli, the tax on land. Collatio lustralis, was a tax on anyone who makes a product, or provides
List_of_Roman_taxes
king, called Visti. This is a tax levied on individuals. There were two forms of the poll tax. The first was a general tax was levied on every member of
Monarchy_in_ancient_India
Taxes sanctioned by Islamic law
supposed to levy a poll tax. Jizyah The Oxford Dictionary of Islam (2010), Oxford University Press, Quote = Jizyah: Compensation. Poll tax levied on non-Muslims
Islamic_taxes
1989–1991 British campaign organisation
Anti-Poll Tax Federation (ABAPTF), commonly known as "the Fed", was an organisation in Great Britain to co-ordinate the activities of local Anti-Poll Tax Unions
All Britain Anti-Poll Tax Federation
All_Britain_Anti-Poll_Tax_Federation
Taxation on a lump-sum basis
unit tax, lump-sum tax does not increase in size as the output increases. A lump-sum tax levied per-person is known as a "head-tax" or "poll-tax". A lump-sum
Lump-sum_tax
2002 studio album by Bambata
ukhandampondo (poll tax) is the second album by the South African music project Bambata, released in 2002. It continues on the themes of the first album
Ukhandampondo_(poll_tax)
underreported their status to avoid taxes, this was remedied by the Kangxi emperor who absorbed the head tax into the poll tax creating a fixed quota of 3,350
Economy_of_the_Qing_dynasty
British activist (1941–2004)
and antiquarian bookseller. He came to be known as the "father of the poll tax". He was born Dunfermline, Scotland, the son of an accountant and schoolteacher
Douglas_Mason
Aspect of tax law
also known as a head tax, is a flat tax of a set dollar amount per person. As an example, in the history of the USA, a poll tax was introduced in 1870
Tax_rate
Civilian revolt against corrupt local government in McMinn County, Tennessee
primarily by intimidating voters who voted against him, manipulating the poll tax and allowing ineligible people to vote; it was common for votes from dead
Battle_of_Athens_(1946)
14th century English peasant leader
participated in the revolt, rose after the implementation of the much-hated poll taxes of 1376–1381. Despite her violent deeds, there is no record that she was
Johanna_Ferrour
qualifications for suffrage, rules and regulations concerning voting (such as the poll tax) have been contested since the advent of Jim Crow laws and related provisions
Voting rights in the United States
Voting_rights_in_the_United_States
Eureka Rebellion and the eventual implementation of Victoria's Chinese poll tax in 1855 as a milestone in the formation of the 1901 Immigration Restriction
Racism and the Eureka Rebellion
Racism_and_the_Eureka_Rebellion
US federal legislation that prohibits racial discrimination in voting
legislation to impose various voting restrictions, including literacy tests, poll taxes, property-ownership requirements, moral character tests, requirements
Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965
raised cash to buy blocks of poll tax receipts and distributed them to his supporters who could thereby vote. Anti-poll tax reformers had no success until
History_of_Tennessee
The Poll Tax Ordinance of 1852 was passed by the British to win the support of the chiefs to compel the people of southern Ghana to pay a levy of one thousand
Poll_Tax_Ordinance_of_1852
Scottish journalist and broadcaster (born 1949)
the poll tax. In his memoirs, Neil said that his opposition to the poll tax crystallised when he discovered that his cleaner would be paying more poll tax
Andrew_Neil
Non-Muslims living in an Islamic state
privileges assigned specifically to Muslims. They were required to pay the poll tax (jizya) but had certain rights under the laws of property, contract, and
Dhimmi
British leadership election to replace Margaret Thatcher
Community Charge (which opponents branded the "poll tax") had been greeted with widespread opposition (one poll showed 78% opposed the scheme), including large-scale
1990 Conservative Party leadership election
1990_Conservative_Party_leadership_election
segregated high schools. 1953: Voting rights protected [Constitution] Repealed poll tax statute. 1955: Public carriers [State Code] Public carriers to be segregated
List of Jim Crow law examples by state
List_of_Jim_Crow_law_examples_by_state
Zulu chief of the amaZondi clan (born c. 1865)
Mancinza. He led an armed rebellion in 1906 when the poll tax was raised from a tax per hut to per head (£1 tax on all native men older than 18), increasing hardship
Bhambatha
Proposition 40, also known as the California billionaire tax or California wealth tax, is a combined initiated constitutional amendment and state statute
2026 California Proposition 40
2026_California_Proposition_40
Welsh politician (born 1942)
Politics of the Poll Tax. Oxford University Press. p. 156. "Poll Tax Riot Rocks London". The Times. 1 April 1990. "Kinnock Condemns Poll Tax Violence". The
Neil_Kinnock
U.S. federal tax legislation
Republican tax bill: Reuters/Ipsos poll". Reuters. Retrieved December 8, 2017. "Monthly Harvard CAPS-Harris Poll: November 2017" (PDF). Harvard–Harris Poll. November
Tax_Cuts_and_Jobs_Act
American mathematician and rocket scientist
returned to Birmingham briefly in 1945 to vote but was subjected to the poll tax. Her college experiences helped her to encourage other women to overcome
Annie_Easley
Scottish politician (1938–2007)
Commons mace and threw it to the floor, damaging it, during a debate on the poll tax. The next day, he was to make a personal statement, the text of which had
Ron Brown (Scottish politician)
Ron_Brown_(Scottish_politician)
UK anarchist group and newspaper established in 1983
within the British left during the 1984–1985 miners' strike and the 1990 poll tax riots. The organisation went into decline during the 1990s and ultimately
Class_War
Story collection by Geoffrey Chaucer
pilgrim, is a pastiche of the historical Harry Bailey's surviving 1381 poll-tax account of Southwark's inhabitants. The Canterbury Tales contains more
The_Canterbury_Tales
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990
but her subsequent support for the Community Charge (also known as the "poll tax") was widely unpopular, and her increasingly Eurosceptic views on the European
Margaret_Thatcher
U.S. presidential administration from 1961 to 1963
(1958). The Poll Tax in the South. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 4–13, 170–231. "Congress Recommends Poll Tax Ban" In CQ Almanac
Presidency_of_John_F._Kennedy
Trotskyist group in the British Labour Party
and 1991, Militant led the All Britain Anti-Poll Tax Federation's non-payment campaign against the poll tax. In 1991, Militant decided by a large majority
Militant_tendency
American lawyer and politician (1892–1971)
supported workers' compensation, tax cuts, and unemployment insurance. He was strongly opposed to both the sales tax and the poll tax, the latter of which he worked
Spessard_Holland
Calendar year
off Brixton in South London after another night of protests against the poll tax. Newfoundland Premier Clyde Wells confirms he will rescind Newfoundland's
1990
John Major. Thatcher's successor, John Major, replaced the "poll tax" with Council Tax and oversaw successful British involvement in the Gulf War. Despite
Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
Political_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1979–present)
Term for disbelievers in Islam
certain duties specifically assigned to Muslims if they paid the jizya poll tax, but otherwise equal under the laws of property, contract, and obligation
Kafir
Head of government of the U.S. state of South Carolina
constitutional convention to be held. The constitution of 1895 instituted a poll tax and also required voters to pass a literacy test. These provisions were
Governor_of_South_Carolina
direct impost—was the poll or capitation tax. Financial pressure at the close of Edward III's reign (1377) led to the adoption of a tax of fourpence per head
History of the English fiscal system
History_of_the_English_fiscal_system
First part of "The Canterbury Tales"
Prologue is a pastiche of the historical Harry Bailey's surviving 1381 poll-tax account of Southwark's inhabitants. Jill Mann argued that the descriptions
General_Prologue
Mayflower passenger
for three hundred guilders. Per author Eugene Stratton, the 1622 Leiden poll tax listed the family of Thomas Rogers residing there in poverty, but apparently
Thomas Rogers (Mayflower passenger)
Thomas_Rogers_(Mayflower_passenger)
Efforts used to prevent eligible voters from voting
poll taxes. The poll tax mechanism varied on a state-by-state basis; in Alabama, the poll tax was cumulative, meaning that a man had to pay all poll taxes
Voter suppression in the United States
Voter_suppression_in_the_United_States
American physicist and activist (1898–1950)
Conference for Human Welfare and the National Committee to Abolish the Poll Tax. He collaborated closely with other activists including Lucy Randolph Mason
Joseph_Gelders
American public service administrator and women's rights activist
active in the women's poll tax repeal movement, which eventually helped secure a constitutional amendment abolishing collecting poll tax as a precursor to
Dorothy_Stafford_(activist)
1877–1964 U.S. Democratic voting bloc
states that had the largest African American populations. In Georgia, a poll tax was first imposed in 1877. In South Carolina, an indirect literacy test
Solid_South
Exemption of existing cases from a new rule
states, which created new requirements for literacy tests, payment of poll taxes and residency and property restrictions to register to vote. States in
Grandfather_clause
British politician (born 1933)
a £4.5bn subsidy to bring poll tax bills down. Eventually, as expected, the poll tax was abolished and the new Council Tax was graded according to the
Michael_Heseltine
Medieval battle in 1381, part of The Peasants' Revolt
unpopular poll taxes levied against the population. In 1377 the expense of the Hundred Years' War had caused the government to introduce a poll tax of four
Battle_of_North_Walsham
1937 United States Supreme Court case
requiring the payment of a poll tax in order to vote in state elections. At the relevant time, Georgia imposed a poll tax of $1.00 per year, levied generally
Breedlove_v._Suttles
responsible for the land and poll taxes of Huguang, auditing customs collected inland in Hubei, auditing surcharges on the taxes of land, salt, tea and commodities
Government of the Qing dynasty
Government_of_the_Qing_dynasty
2000 book by Peter Ackroyd
Iain Sinclair argued that his message is fundamentally conservative: "poll-tax riots and uprisings at Broadwater Farm Estate are coeval with the burning
London:_The_Biography
Provincial inhabitant of the Roman Empire
were exempt from the poll tax. As would be expected in an agricultural economy, by far the most important revenue source was the tax on land (tributum soli)
Peregrinus_(Roman)
one of the most solid members of the "Solid South" ever since the 1889 poll tax disfranchised almost all blacks and most poor whites. Unlike southern states
1940 United States presidential election in Florida
1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida
Tax imposed on Jews in the Roman Empire
traditional half-shekel Temple tax which had been paid annually by Jews for the maintenance of the Temple in Jerusalem. The new poll tax redirected those funds
Fiscus_Judaicus
American judge
lawsuit heard before the Supreme Court of the United States that ended poll taxes. Jordan was raised in Norfolk, Virginia. He went to the Booker T. Washington
Joseph_A._Jordan_Jr.
Japanese activist (1867–1943)
devoted himself to the abolition of the notorious Nintozei taxation or poll tax enforced in Miyako and Yaeyama Islands. He was born to a family of village
Jissaku_Nakamura
1870 amendment prohibiting denial of voting rights on the basis of race
resulted in most black voters and many Poor Whites being disenfranchised by poll taxes and literacy tests, among other barriers to voting, from which white male
Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Fifteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
United Kingdom tax codes
government revenues come primarily from income tax, National Insurance contributions, value added tax, corporation tax and fuel duty. Local government revenues
Taxation in the United Kingdom
Taxation_in_the_United_Kingdom
Scottish politician
Scottish Socialist Party (SSP). He was a prominent campaigner against the Poll tax in Scotland, and was jailed for six months for attending a warrant sale
Tommy_Sheridan
1990 UK Parliamentary by-election
government Community Charge or 'Poll Tax' which was shortly to come into effect. Charles Prior supported the principle of the new tax and blamed the Labour controlled
1990 Mid Staffordshire by-election
1990_Mid_Staffordshire_by-election
Founder-leader of Militant then Socialist Appeal
was active in the anti-Poll Tax movement against the Thatcher government's Community Charge (popularly known as the poll tax). Meanwhile, there was a
Ted_Grant
1906 Zulu uprising in the colony of Natal
introduced a poll tax of £1 (equivalent to £110 in 2025) in addition to the existing hut tax to pressure Zulu men into entering the labour market. The tax was
Bambatha_Rebellion
both white women and African American women were disenfranchised by poll taxes. Blacks finally obtained their right to vote with the passage by Congress
Women's_suffrage_in_Alabama
Ikat-dyed ramie cloth from Miyakojima, Okinawa
a harsh head poll tax was levied against Miyakojima residents, and the women were expected to submit miyako jofu as their form of tax payment. The Satsuma
Miyako_jofu
2022–2023 British grassroots campaign
They draw inspiration from the anti-poll tax movement, in which 17 million people declined to pay the poll tax introduced by Margaret Thatcher, causing
Don't_Pay_UK
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance