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Endocrine gland in the brain of most vertebrates
The pineal gland (also called the pineal body) is a small endocrine gland in the brain of most vertebrates. It produces melatonin, a serotonin-derived
Pineal_gland
Part of the epithalamus
the pineal eye or parietal eye and noticed that it was associated with the parietal foramen and the pineal stalk, which attaches the pineal gland to the
Parietal_eye
Aspect of medical history
The history of the pineal gland is an account of the scientific development on the understanding of the pineal gland from the ancient Greeks that led
History_of_the_pineal_gland
Glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones to blood
include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testicles, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus
Endocrine_gland
Medical condition
A pineal gland cyst is a usually benign (non-malignant) cyst in the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland in the brain. Historically, these fluid-filled
Pineal_gland_cyst
Interfaces between the brain and the circulatory system
terminalis (OVLT)), the median eminence, the pituitary neural lobe, and the pineal gland. The circumventricular organs are midline structures around the third
Circumventricular_organs
Small bilateral neuronal structure in the brain of vertebrates
epithalamus, where it borders the third ventricle, and lies in front of the pineal gland. Although it is a microstructure each habenular nucleus is divided into
Habenula
Small mineral concentrations in the brain
brain sand or acervuli or psammoma bodies or pineal concretions) are calcified structures in the pineal gland and other areas of the brain such as the choroid
Corpora_arenacea
Amine hormone
Lerner and colleagues stemmed from the isolation of a substance from the pineal gland of cows that could induce skin lightening in common frogs. This compound
Melatonin
Synthetic peptide
compound, which was identified as the putative active component of a bovine pineal gland extract known as epithalamin. Most studies on epitalon and epithalamin
Epitalon
Unrecognized micronation in Portugal
by the private company Pineal Foundation and frequently classified as a religious cult. Its name originates from the pineal gland, which is connected to
Kingdom_of_Pineal
Cancerous tumor of the pineal gland
Pineoblastoma is a malignant tumor of the pineal gland. A pineoblastoma is a supratentorial midline primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Pineoblastoma can
Pineoblastoma
Posterior segment of the diencephalon in the brain
posterior paraventricular nuclei, the posterior commissure, and the pineal gland. The function of the epithalamus is to connect the limbic system to other
Epithalamus
Type of animal organ
homeostasis. The pineal gland, thymus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and the two adrenal glands are all endocrine glands. Exocrine glands secrete their
Gland
American biochemist (1912–2004)
dopamine. Axelrod also made major contributions to the understanding of the pineal gland and how it is regulated during the sleep-wake cycle. Axelrod was born
Julius_Axelrod
Main cells contained in the pineal gland
Pinealocytes are the main cells contained in the pineal gland, located behind the third ventricle and between the two hemispheres of the brain. The primary
Pinealocyte
Largest of the cervical ganglia
innervate the iris and pineal gland. The SCG provides sympathetic innervation to structures within the head, including the pineal gland, the blood vessels
Superior_cervical_ganglion
Psychedelic drug
to be produced in any meaningful amount by the pineal gland. Removal or calcification of the pineal gland does not induce any of the symptoms caused by
Dimethyltryptamine
1986 film by Stuart Gordon
From Beyond centers on a pair of scientists attempting to stimulate the pineal gland with a device called the Resonator, with the unforeseen result of their
From_Beyond_(film)
Spiritual concept
and sunk into what today is known as the pineal gland. Rick Strassman has hypothesized that the pineal gland, which maintains light sensitivity, is responsible
Third_eye
Scientific study of the morphology of the human body
Amygdala Eyes (2) Pineal gland Pituitary gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands (4) Thorax Heart Lungs (2) Esophagus Thymus gland Pleura Abdomen and
Human_anatomy
Hormone-producing glands of a body
systems. In humans, the major endocrine glands are the thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, pineal, and adrenal glands, and the (male) testis and (female) ovaries
Endocrine_system
Benign tumor of the pineal gland
is a rare, benign, slowly growing tumor of the pineal gland. The pineal gland is a small endocrine gland close to the center of the brain that secretes
Pineocytoma
Tumor of the pineal gland
is a tumor of the pineal gland, a part of the brain that produces melatonin. If a pinealoma destroys the cells of the pineal gland in a child, it can
Pinealoma
glands of the human body There are several specialized glands within the human integumentary system that are derived from apocrine or sebaceous gland
List of glands of the human body
List_of_glands_of_the_human_body
2012 studio album by Ab-Soul
to be May 11, 2012. That same day he also released a music video for "Pineal Gland". On April 24, 2012, another single, by the title of "SOPA" was released
Control_System
Open question in philosophy of how abstract minds interact with physical bodies
believed that mind exerted control over the brain via the pineal gland: My view is that this gland is the principal seat of the soul, and the place in which
Mind–body_problem
Type of brain tumor
Papillary Tumors of the Pineal Region are located on the pineal gland which is located in the center of the brain. The pineal gland is located on roof of
Papillary tumors of the pineal region
Papillary_tumors_of_the_pineal_region
Semipermeable capillary interface between blood and the brain
and fourth ventricles, capillaries in the pineal gland on the roof of the diencephalon and the pineal gland. The BBB appears to be functional by the time
Blood–brain_barrier
Disorders of the endocrine system
subdivided into three groups: Endocrine gland hypofunction/hyposecretion (leading to hormone deficiency) Endocrine gland hyperfunction/hypersecretion (leading
Endocrine_disease
Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
secretion of melatonin in response to light information transmitted to the pineal gland. Earlier studies have shown localization of melatonin receptors in this
Anterior_pituitary
Extract from the pineal gland
Epiphysan was derived as an aqueous bovine pineal gland extract.[citation needed] It was first produced in 1958. Epiphysan was used in animals to treat
Epiphysan
French philosopher and mathematician (1596–1650)
and singled out the pineal gland as connector. Descartes argued that signals passed from the ear and the eye to the pineal gland, through animal spirits
René_Descartes
Central organ of the human nervous system
structures, including the thalamus, the epithalamus, the pineal gland, the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the subthalamus; the limbic structures, including
Human_brain
Awareness of internal and external existence
occurs inside the brain, perhaps in a small midline structure called the pineal gland. Although it is widely accepted that Descartes explained the problem
Consciousness
Endocrine gland of the brain
The pituitary gland or hypophysis cerebri is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. In humans, the pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain, protruding
Pituitary_gland
Pharmaceutical compound
β-carboline long-claimed to be produced in the pineal gland during the metabolism of melatonin, however its pineal occurrence remains controversial. Its more
Pinoline
Philosophical view that consiousness and the body are fundamentally different
through the pineal gland. However, this explanation was not satisfactory: how can an immaterial mind interact with the physical pineal gland? Because Descartes'
Mind–body_dualism
2019 American science fiction thriller film
underdeveloped pineal gland. Driven to uncover the truth about Synchronic, Steve tracks down the drug's creator. He learns it warps the pineal gland's perception
Synchronic_(film)
Surgical removal of the pineal gland
surgical procedure in which the pineal gland is removed. It is performed only in rare cases, where a pineocytoma or a pineal gland cyst has become life-threatening
Pinealectomy
Hormones and neuropeptides
increase feelings of well-being. They are produced and stored in the pituitary gland of the brain. Endorphins are endogenous painkillers often produced in the
Endorphins
American chronobiologist (1934–2021)
mutation in golden hamsters), and locating a circadian oscillator in the pineal gland of bird. He wrote almost 200 scientific publications. Menaker grew up
Michael_Menaker
Naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite
as those found in breast tumors, as well as calcifications within the pineal gland (and other structures of the brain) known as corpora arenacea or "brain
Hydroxyapatite
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
tryptophan hydroxylase messenger RNA in postmortem human brainstem and pineal gland". J. Neurochem. 72 (5): 2065–73. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0722065
TPH1
Structure within the human brain
while more centrally it the pineal gland, which regulates sleep and reacts to light levels. Caudal of the pineal gland is the posterior commissure; nerve
Third_ventricle
Closed sac growth on the body
Enteric duplication cyst Choroid plexus cyst Colloid cyst Pineal gland cyst (in the pineal gland in the brain) Glial cyst Tarlov cyst (spinal canal) Aneurysmal
Cyst
Natural internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle
passes it on to the pineal gland, a tiny structure shaped like a pine cone and located on the epithalamus. In response, the pineal secretes the hormone
Circadian_rhythm
Russian gerontologist (1946–2024)
Morozov, Anisimov. Experimental Studies of the Pineal Gland Preparation Epithalamin. // The Pineal Gland and Cancer. — Bartsch C., Bartsch H., Blask D
Vladimir_Khavinson
American drug researcher
theorized that the pineal gland may form DMT under certain conditions. In 2013 researchers first reported DMT in the pineal gland microdialysate of rodents
Rick_Strassman
Thyroid hormone
known as tetraiodothyronine or T4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as
Thyroxine
American rapper (born 1987)
music video for "Pineal Gland", a song inspired by the psychedelic drug DMT and of course the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate
Ab-Soul
Pharmaceutical compound
synthesis via 5-methoxytryptamine: comparisons across species". Journal of Pineal Research. 61 (1): 27–40. doi:10.1111/jpi.12336. PMID 27112772. 5-MT was
5-Methoxytryptophan
Short chains of 2–50 amino acids
Pancreas Glucagon Insulin Amylin Somatostatin Pancreatic polypeptide Pineal gland Melatonin Dimethyltryptamine 5-MeO-DMT Other Thymus Thymosins Thymosin
Peptide
Accumulation of calcium salts in bodily tissue, usually bone
part of the aging process. Nearly all adults show calcification of the pineal gland. Extraskeletal calcification, e.g. calciphylaxis Brain, e.g. primary
Calcification
Pituitary hormone
polypeptide tropic hormone produced by and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It is also used as a medication and diagnostic agent. ACTH is an important
Adrenocorticotropic_hormone
Superorder of mammals including anteaters, sloths, and armadillos
underground. Some authorities state that xenarthrans lack a functional pineal gland; pineal activity is related to the perception of light. Living xenarthrans
Xenarthra
Mammalian protein involved in blood clotting
artery umbilical cord tunica media of zone of aorta blood carotid body pineal gland tunica adventitia of aorta sciatic nerve More reference expression data
Von_Willebrand_factor
1960 American horror film
the Nando tribe that utilizes orchid pollen and a sacrificial male's pineal gland secretions. The secretions, extracted from the back of the neck via a
The_Leech_Woman
Animal species that successfully mate during certain times of year
affects the seasonal breeder through changes in melatonin secretion by the pineal gland that ultimately alter GnRH release by the hypothalamus. Hence, seasonal
Seasonal_breeder
Academic journal
Journal of Pineal Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on the pineal gland and its hormonal products, chiefly melatonin, in
Journal_of_Pineal_Research
Peptide hormone and neuropeptide
comparison with the neuropeptide content of the neurohypophysis and the pineal gland". Peptides. 4 (4): 509–515. doi:10.1016/0196-9781(83)90056-6. PMID 6647119
Oxytocin
Collection of tissues with similar functions
endocrine glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal body or pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroids and adrenals, i.e., adrenal glands. Excretory
Organ_(biology)
Neural pathway involved with circadian rhythms
"body clock". They can coordinate peripheral "clocks" and direct the pineal gland to secrete the hormone melatonin. The retinohypothalamic tract consists
Retinohypothalamic_tract
liver neural layer of retina right lobe of liver zygote primary oocyte pineal gland ciliary body embryo secondary oocyte iris More reference expression data
Glucokinase regulatory protein
Glucokinase_regulatory_protein
Hormone whose molecules are peptides
Pancreas Glucagon Insulin Amylin Somatostatin Pancreatic polypeptide Pineal gland Melatonin Dimethyltryptamine 5-MeO-DMT Other Thymus Thymosins Thymosin
Peptide_hormone
Group of organs assembled in a structural unit to serve a common function
using hormones made by endocrine glands hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands, ovaries and testicles Exocrine
Organ_system
American artist
chapbooks and artist's writing anthologies. Her first book, Mucus in My Pineal Gland, was published in 2017 by Capricious. The book is a collection of previously
Juliana_Huxtable
British newspaper (London; 12 March to 1 October 1713)
Berkeley's stories in The Guardian (numbers 35 and 38), each titled 'The Pineal Gland', constitute an early instance of philosophical speculative fiction.
The_Guardian_(1713)
1649 book by René Descartes
body. For Descartes, the only link between these two substances is the pineal gland (art. 31), the place where the soul is attached to the body. The passions
Passions_of_the_Soul
Family of enzymes
MAO-B activity in the median eminence. Among cerebral endocrine glands, pineal gland has high MAO-B activity (its median value is lower than that for
Monoamine_oxidase
Epsilon cell Thyroid gland Follicular cell Parafollicular cell Parathyroid gland Parathyroid chief cell Oxyphil cell Thymus gland Thymic epithelial cell
List of human cell types derived from the germ layers
List_of_human_cell_types_derived_from_the_germ_layers
Amino acid
Pancreas Glucagon Insulin Amylin Somatostatin Pancreatic polypeptide Pineal gland Melatonin Dimethyltryptamine 5-MeO-DMT Other Thymus Thymosins Thymosin
Pseudoproline
Space in the skull
artery, quadrigeminal artery, glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), and the pineal gland. The quadrigeminal cistern lies between the splenium of the corpus callosum
Quadrigeminal_cistern
output, influence goosebumps, etc. 2 Melatonin MT Amino acid derivative pineal gland Pinealocyte / Tryptophan melatonin receptor CNS and peripheral tissue
List_of_human_hormones
Supplement and medication used to treat sleep disorders
supplement and medication. As a hormone, melatonin is released by the pineal gland and is involved in sleep–wake cycles. As a supplement and medication
Melatonin as a medication and supplement
Melatonin_as_a_medication_and_supplement
Theory in the philosophy of mind
interacted with one another, suggesting that this interaction occurred in the pineal gland of the brain. In the 20th century, its most significant defenders have
Interactionism (philosophy of mind)
Interactionism_(philosophy_of_mind)
Medical condition
supraclavicular lymph nodes, inguinal lymph nodes, forearm, mesentery, liver, and pineal gland. Diagnosis is based on: normal serum tumor markers (alpha fetoprotein
Growing_teratoma_syndrome
Search for an immaterial soul identity and its location
for the pineal gland. He felt that the pineal gland must be the meeting point of the physical body and the mind, and therefore, the pineal gland must be
History of the location of the soul
History_of_the_location_of_the_soul
Peptide hormone that stimulates growth
by somatotropic cells within the lateral wings of the anterior pituitary gland. A recombinant form of HGH called somatropin (INN) is used as a prescription
Growth_hormone
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Top expressed in Ileal epithelium Paneth cell neural layer of retina pineal gland medullary collecting duct retinal pigment epithelium epithelium of lens
UPF3B
Type of cell surface receptor
player in the synchrony of biological clocks. Melatonin secretion by the pineal gland has circadian rhythmicity regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
Melatonin_receptor
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
secreted by retinal bipolar cells and photoreceptors, as well as in the pineal gland. Retinoschisin (RS1) is encoded by the gene RS1 located on the X chromosome
Retinoschisin
List of organ systems in the human body
using hormones made by endocrine glands hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands, ovaries and testicles Exocrine
List of systems of the human body
List_of_systems_of_the_human_body
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
valve vas deferens ventricular zone Rostral migratory stream human fetus pineal gland More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular function
SETD5
1967 album by the 13th Floor Elevators
alignment of the chakras and opening of the third eye (corresponding to the pineal gland); thus a soul coalesces with the collective primeval life force and retains
Easter_Everywhere
Medical condition
pineal gland, since there are direct connections, via the retinohypothalamic tract and the suprachiasmatic nucleus, between the retina and the pineal
Seasonal_affective_disorder
Hormone released by neuroendocrine cells
tract secrete serotonin, while enterochromaffin-like cells at the stomach glands secrete histamine. Their synthesis, storage, and release of hormones is
Neurohormone
Genus of dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous period
of the related Majungasaurus but smaller than in tyrannosaurids. The pineal gland, which produces hormones, might have been smaller than in other abelisaurids
Carnotaurus
Neoplasm in the brain
diencephalon, with the pituitary gland and pineal gland attached at the bottom; tumors of the pituitary and pineal gland are often benign. The brainstem
Brain_tumor
2008 studio album by The Soundtrack of Our Lives
Lundberg, Person 4:43 3. "The Ego Delusion" Lundberg, Bärjed 5:04 4. "Pineal Gland Hotel" Lundberg, Person 0:50 5. "Ra 88" Lundberg, Person 4:05 6. "Second
Communion (The Soundtrack of Our Lives album)
Communion_(The_Soundtrack_of_Our_Lives_album)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
nigra tail of embryo dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell pineal gland ventricular zone triceps brachii muscle primary visual cortex More reference
USP9X
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
lateral septal nucleus Gonadal ridge ventromedial nucleus mammillary body pineal gland anterior amygdaloid area lateral hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus
FBXO11
Hormone and medication
microcrystalline granule. Adrenaline is normally produced by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata. It plays an essential
Adrenaline
Protein found in humans
oocyte secondary oocyte middle temporal gyrus decidua Top expressed in pineal gland mammillary body temporal muscle medial ganglionic eminence triceps brachii
Gasdermin-E
Protein coding gene in Homo sapiens
striatum endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel subiculum prefrontal cortex pineal gland More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
MTPN
Vertebrate natural glucocorticoid hormone
animals, mainly by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex in an adrenal gland. In other tissues, it is produced in lower quantities. By a diurnal cycle
Cortisol
Shortest peptide molecule, containing two amino acids joined by a single peptide bond
Pancreas Glucagon Insulin Amylin Somatostatin Pancreatic polypeptide Pineal gland Melatonin Dimethyltryptamine 5-MeO-DMT Other Thymus Thymosins Thymosin
Dipeptide
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
which confers biological specificity. LH is expressed in the pituitary gland and promotes spermatogenesis and ovulation by stimulating the testes and
Luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide
Luteinizing_hormone_beta_polypeptide
Division of the forebrain around the third ventricle
the thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior portion of the pituitary gland, and the pineal gland. The diencephalon encloses a cavity called the third ventricle
Diencephalon
Polypeptide placental hormone in humans
possess very similar lactogenic activity in vitro in mouse and rat mammary gland explants. In addition, hPL has been found to stimulate DNA synthesis in
Human_placental_lactogen
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