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Pharmaceutical compound
Peptide 021 (Ac-DGGLAG-NH2, P021, GLXC-21260) is a synthetic peptide derivative that is derived from a 4-amino acid active fragment of ciliary neurotrophic
Peptide_021
Pharmaceutical compound
semax modified with the N-terminal and C-terminal modifications found in Peptide 021. It has been identified as a designer drug in border seizures and has
Adamax
HIV entry inhibitor discovered in 1986
Peptide T is an HIV entry inhibitor discovered in 1986 by Candace Pert and Michael Ruff, a US neuroscientist and immunologist. Peptide T, and its modified
Peptide_T
Class of anti-diabetic and anti-obesity medication
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, also known as GLP-1 agonists, GLP-1RAs, and informally as simply GLP-1s, are a class of medications
GLP-1_receptor_agonist
Insulin production indicator protein
The connecting peptide, or C-peptide, is a short 31-amino-acid polypeptide that connects insulin's A-chain to its B-chain in the proinsulin molecule.
C-peptide
Production of peptides
chemistry, peptide synthesis is the production of peptides, compounds where multiple amino acids are linked via amide bonds, also known as peptide bonds.
Peptide_synthesis
Group of antimicrobial peptides in vertebrates
antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) is an antimicrobial peptide encoded in the human by the CAMP gene. The active form is LL-37, a 37 amino acid peptide having sequence
Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
Cathelicidin_antimicrobial_peptide
Hormone secreted in the heart
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), also known as B-type natriuretic peptide, is a peptide hormone secreted by cardiomyocytes in the heart ventricles in
Brain_natriuretic_peptide_32
Peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA
(mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino-acid peptide that in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial MT-RNR1 gene, with the amino
MOTS-c
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Agouti-related protein (AgRP), also called agouti-related peptide, is a neuropeptide produced in the brain by the AgRP/NPY neuron. It is synthesized in
Agouti-related_peptide
Pharmaceutical compound
1007/s10517-021-05192-6. PMID 34173097. Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Sakhenberg E, Krieger D, Polyakova V, Medvedev D, et al. (October 2024). "Short Peptides Protect
Vesugen
Class of chemical compounds
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), also known as ribosomal natural products, are a diverse class of natural products
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides
Ribosomally_synthesized_and_post-translationally_modified_peptides
Oligonucleotide or peptide molecules that bind specific targets
Aptamers are oligomers of artificial ssDNA, RNA, XNA, or peptide that bind a specific target molecule, or family of target molecules. They exhibit a range
Aptamer
Peptide hormone involved in appetite regulation
1999. The hormone name is based on its role as a growth hormone-releasing peptide, with reference to the Proto-Indo-European root gʰre-, meaning "to grow"
Ghrelin
Peptides that facilitate cellular intake
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular intake and uptake of molecules ranging from nanosize particles to small chemical
Cell-penetrating_peptide
Combination drug
Classification of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP1RAs)". Diabetes Therapy. 12 (8): 2133–2147. doi:10.1007/s13300-021-01113-y. ISSN 1869-6953.
Insulin_icodec/semaglutide
Chemical compound
pharmaceutical drug for the treatment of thrombocytopenia and anemia. It is a non-peptide small‐molecule thrombopoietin receptor agonist. In China, it is approved
Hetrombopag
Chemical changes in proteins following their translation from mRNA
membrane. Other forms of post-translational modification consist of cleaving peptide bonds, as in processing a propeptide to a mature form or removing the initiator
Post-translational modification
Post-translational_modification
Type of radiotherapy
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a type of radionuclide therapy, using a radiopharmaceutical that targets peptide receptors to deliver localised
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
Peptide_receptor_radionuclide_therapy
Pharmaceutical compound
Classification of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP1RAs)". Diabetes Therapy. 12 (8): 2133–2147. doi:10.1007/s13300-021-01113-y. ISSN 1869-6953.
Efocipegtrutide
Anti-diabetic and anti-obesity medication
adverse cardiovascular events. Semaglutide is a peptide similar to the hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), modified with a side chain, and acts as
Semaglutide
Synthetic model membrane system
surrounded by molecules that are amphipathic molecules including proteins, peptides, and synthetic polymers. It is composed of a lipid bilayer of phospholipids
Nanodisc
Autoimmune disorder
transglutaminase modifies gluten peptides into a form that may stimulate the immune system more effectively. These peptides are modified by tTG in two ways
Coeliac_disease
Class of bacterially produced peptide antibiotics
bacteriocin is pediocin PA-1. Class IIb bacteriocins (two-peptide bacteriocins) require two different peptides for activity. One such an example is lactococcin
Bacteriocin
Experimental cancer drug
malignancies and solid tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme. It is a peptide vaccine and has finished phase I clinical trials and phase II clinical
Adegramotide
Protein found in humans
Ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor Interleukin 6 George Yancopoulos Peptide 021 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000242689 – Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38:
Ciliary_neurotrophic_factor
Amphibian species from East Asia
60-residue toxic peptide that inhibits ion channels such as tetrodotoxin-sensitive voltage-gated sodium channels. While these peptides display analgesic
Japanese_tree_frog
Chemical compound
targeted proteins become undetectable by Western blot. In 2016 a synthetic peptide-conjugated PMO (PPMO) was found to inhibit the expression of New Delhi
Morpholino_nucleic_acid
antiestrogen, cytostatic antineoplastic agent Deltaran (delta sleep-inducing peptide) – alcohol withdrawal treatment Dilept (GZR-123) – antipsychotic Diucifon
List_of_Russian_drugs
Protease commonly found in natto
subtilisin QK, subtilisin QK02. The gene encodes a prepropeptide with a signal peptide and an inhibitor propeptide before the main enzyme chain (residues 107–381
Nattokinase
Biomolecule consisting of chains of amino acid residues
be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues
Protein
Synthetic opioid modulator
opioid peptides for their classical receptors like the μ-opioid receptor. Ligands of ACKR3, by competitively displacing endogenous opioid peptides from
RTI-5152-12
Anti-diabetic and anti-obesity medication
filed by Eli Lilly and Company in 2016. This uses standard solid phase peptide synthesis, with an allyloxycarbonyl protecting group on the lysine at position
Tirzepatide
Analytical physical chemistry technique
comparing experimental data of different conditions (pH, use of mutated peptide chain and binding sites, etc.). Kinetic data obtained from ITC have been
Isothermal titration calorimetry
Isothermal_titration_calorimetry
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
trim efficiently peptides that already have optimal length for MHC class I presentation. Thus ERAP2 has been shown to shorten peptides of 9 or fewer amino
ERAP2
Family of globular proteins found in leguminous seeds
chain that is initially linked to the smaller hydrophobic β chain with a peptide bond. Both the α and β chains are encoded by the same gene. Each of the
Legumin
Genetic condition, the most common form of dwarfism
immunodeficiency. Treatments include small molecule therapy with a C-natriuretic peptide analog (vosoritide), approved to improve growth velocity in children with
Achondroplasia
ADH-secreting nucleus of the hypothalamus
produce the peptide hormone vasopressin, which is also known as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), and the peptide hormone oxytocin. Both of these peptides are released
Supraoptic_nucleus
Peptide hormone and neuropeptide
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. Present in animals since
Oxytocin
Antibiotic medication
clearance. Vancomycin is a branched tricyclic glycosylated nonribosomal peptide produced by the Actinomycetota species Amycolatopsis orientalis (formerly
Vancomycin
American internet personality
2025 post about low-cost access to GLP-1 receptor agonists through online peptide sources, with The New York Times describing it as a viral do it yourself
Jordan_Lasker
Class of very small bacterially produced peptide antibiotics
coli. Subtilosin A is another bacteriocin from Bacillus subtilis. The peptide has a cyclized backbone and forms three cross-links between the sulphurs
Microcin
G protein-coupled receptor
inhibited by endogenous inverse agonists agouti signalling peptide and agouti-related peptide, and activated by synthetic (i.e. afamelanotide) and endogenous
Melanocortin_receptor
Bacterial disease of citrus, bug-borne
antibiotic resistance can be expected to develop and affect human health. A peptide that prevents and treats citrus greening disease in greenhouse trials was
Citrus_greening_disease
Chemical compound
Bradykinin (BK) (from Greek brady- 'slow' + -kinin, kīn(eîn) 'to move') is a peptide that promotes inflammation. It causes arterioles to dilate (enlarge) via
Bradykinin
Investigational antimigraine drugs
Lu-AG09221; Vyepti) – monoclonal antibody against calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) – cluster headache [3] Naproxen/rizatriptan (rizatriptan/naproxen)
List of investigational headache and migraine drugs
List_of_investigational_headache_and_migraine_drugs
Serum albumin protein derived from cows
polypeptide is 607 amino acids (AAs) in length. An N-terminal 18-residue signal peptide is cut off from the precursor protein upon secretion, hence the initial
Bovine_serum_albumin
Cell organelle that processes proteins
secretory pathway. The first 5–30 amino acids polymerized encode a signal peptide, a molecular message that is recognized and bound by a signal recognition
Endoplasmic_reticulum
Prokaryotic elongation factor
Nature Communications. 12 (1): 7236. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27415-0. PMC 8668904. Peptide+Elongation+Factor+G at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
EF-G
Thought experiment of protein folding
protein structure prediction; protein folding is the process by which peptides reach a stable native configuration. In theory, a brute force search, testing
Levinthal's_paradox
(also known as MS/MS or MS2) experiments are used for protein/peptide identification. Peptide identification algorithms fall into two broad classes: database
List of mass spectrometry software
List_of_mass_spectrometry_software
Pharmaceutical compound
doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.021. PMID 37884161. Chen W, Shin KH, Kim S, Shon WJ, Kim RH, Park NH, et al. (June 2018). "hTERT peptide fragment GV1001 demonstrates
Tertomotide
membrane. Seroski, Dillon T.; Hudalla, Gregory A. (2018). "Self-Assembled Peptide and Protein Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications". Biomedical Applications
Heptad_repeat
Chemical compound
due to its non-peptide and small-molecule nature and its oral activity. Unlike GnRH agonists and older GnRH antagonists, which are peptides and first-generation
Elagolix
First section of the small intestine
"The effects of duodenal peptides on glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion from the ileum: A duodeno–ileal loop?". Regulatory Peptides. 110 (1): 39–45. doi:10
Duodenum
Species of bacterium
muciniphila can then get access to the de-capped O-glycans and the mucin peptide chain, both of which it can utilize as an energy source. The released monosaccharides
Akkermansia_muciniphila
Opioid receptor modulator
opioid peptide adrenorphin. ACKR3 is a novel opioid receptor which functions as a broad-spectrum trap or scavenger for endogenous opioid peptides, including
LIH383
Type of cell found in pancreatic islets
N-terminal signal peptide that allows translocation into the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Inside the RER, the signal peptide is cleaved to form
Beta_cell
Single-stranded DNA virus that infects bacteria
"PhiXing-it, displaying foreign peptides on bacteriophage ΦX174". Virology. 488: 242–8. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2015.11.021. PMC 6191337. PMID 26655242. Ando
Phi_X_174
Class of HIV/AIDS drugs
identify peptides that bind the HIV-1 capsid protein, and the most promising peptide inhibitor was the capsid assembly inhibitor (CAI) peptide. CAI prevented
HIV_capsid_inhibition
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1038/s41467-021-25564-w. PMC 8421391. PMID 34489420. Hearn A, York IA, Rock KL (November 2009). "The specificity of trimming of MHC class I-presented peptides in
ERAP1
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
proteins. The ectodomain was proposed to be cleaved to give a soluble peptide hormone named irisin. Separately it was proposed that irisin is secreted
FNDC5
Chemical compound
Szeto HH (2019). "Stealth Peptides Target Cellular Powerhouses to Fight Rare and Common Age-Related Diseases". Protein & Peptide Letters. 25 (12): 1108–1123
Elamipretide
Chemical compound
additive for carbodiimides, such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) in peptide synthesis. It acts as a neutralizing reagent for the basicity or nucleophilicity
Ethyl cyanohydroxyiminoacetate
Ethyl_cyanohydroxyiminoacetate
Vaccine candidate against COVID-19
ARCT-021, also known as LUNAR-COV19, is a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by Arcturus Therapeutics. It requires the intramuscular injection with
ARCT-021
Protein supplement
whey may be less allergenic than other forms of whey, due to its smaller peptide chains. For this reason it is a common constituent in hypoallergenic baby
Whey_protein
Hypothetical life with reversed molecular chirality
Fantastic Four as an existential threat towards the human population. D-peptide – Class of amino acids Mirror matter – A hypothetical form of matter that
Mirror-image_life
Scientific method
means of characteristic peptide sequences in the protein collagen. ZooMS is the most common archaeological application of peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF)
ZooMS
Duodenal submucosal cells secreting bicarbonate-rich mucus
"The primary structure of human urogastrone". International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research. 9 (2): 107–118. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3011.1977.tb03470
Brunner's_glands
Class of organic compounds
doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25689-y. PMC 8490447. PMID 34608139. Montalbetti CA, Falque V (2005). "Amide bond formation and peptide coupling". Tetrahedron
Amino_acid_N-carboxyanhydride
Central nervous system disease
amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Plaques are made up of small peptides, typically 39–43 amino acids in length, called amyloid beta (also written
Neurodegenerative_disease
Solution of component parts of a protein
from the hydrolysis of a protein into its component amino acids and/or peptides. Hydrolyzing down to the amino acid level is most commonly achieved using
Hydrolyzed_protein
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
The OGT-UDP-peptide complex has a larger space between the TPR domain and the catalytic region than the OGT-UDP complex. The CKII peptide, which contains
Protein_O-GlcNAc_transferase
American religious leader and physician
Renlund, Dale G. (March 2009). "Time-Dependent Changes in B-Type Natriuretic Peptide After Heart Transplantation: Correlation With Allograft Rejection and Function"
Dale_G._Renlund
Glycoprotein spike on a viral capsid or viral envelope
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The S2 region contains the fusion peptide and other fusion infrastructure necessary for membrane fusion with the
Coronavirus_spike_protein
Disorder resulting in recurrent moderate–severe headaches
trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC). The activity of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the meninges is linked to migraine. CGRP is released from both
Migraine
Subgroup of serine proteases
Kallikreins are a subgroup of serine proteases, enzymes capable of cleaving peptide bonds in proteins. In humans, plasma kallikrein (encoded by KLKB1 gene)
Kallikrein
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
pre-pro-opiomelanocortin (pre-POMC), by the removal of a 26-amino-acid-long signal peptide sequence during translation. POMC is part of the central melanocortin system
Proopiomelanocortin
Family of proteins
and their peptide-binding sites were identified. In the case of gp96 it is not clear whether it can bind peptides in vivo, although its peptide-binding
Heat_shock_protein
Degree at which food gives a human the feeling of satiety per calorie
Expected satiety Gastric inhibitory polypeptide Ghrelin Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) Incretin Protein leverage hypothesis Polyphagia Sugary drink
Satiety_value
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cytoplasmic peptide:N-glycanase (NGLY1) - Structure, expression and cellular functions". Gene. 577 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2015.11.021. PMC 4691572
NGLY1
Group of neurotoxins
of a group of neurotoxic peptides isolated from the venom of the marine cone snail, genus Conus. Conotoxins, which are peptides consisting of 10 to 30 amino
Conotoxin
Chemical compound
the endogenous opioid peptides (such as endorphins and enkephalins) cannot be trapped thus increasing availability of those peptides to their target sites
Conolidine
Medical imaging technique
other tissue. PSMA targeting molecules have included antibodies, aptamers, peptides, and small-molecule inhibitors. Initially, development focussed on the
PSMA_scan
Experimental drug
Mathies M.; Christensen, Mikkel B. (September 2021). "Emerging glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists for the treatment of obesity". Expert Opinion on Emerging
NNC9204-1706
Drive to eat for pleasure rather than sustenance
gastrointestinal hormones, particularly by increasing glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY (PYY); reduction of ghrelin has been inconsistent. Hedonic hunger
Hedonic_hunger
Pharmaceutical compound
experimental dual CD28/ICOS antagonist developed by AbbVie. It appears to be a peptide with 363 residues. Yang, Jing; Lickliter, Jason D.; Hillson, Jan L.; Means
Acazicolcept
Omicron subvariant of SARS-CoV-2
acquiring new proteasomal cleavage sites due to mutations. The resulting peptides, presented on the cell surface, enhance viral recognition by the human
BA.2.86
Extract for appetite control
intake and to increase blood concentrations of appetite suppressing gut peptide hormones CCK, GLP-1 and PYY. Amarasate was developed on the concept that
Amarasate
living cells (protocells). The term was also used in the 1960s to describe peptides that are shorter than twenty amino acids found in hydrolysed protein, but
Proteinoid
Drug for chronic pain
Conus magus, a cone snail, it is the synthetic form of an ω-conotoxin peptide. In December 2004 the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ziconotide
Ziconotide
Post-translational carbohydrate modification of proteins
the major β-elimination product was Galβ1-4GlcNAcitol. Insensitivity to peptide N-glycosidase treatment provided additional evidence for O-linked GlcNAc
O-GlcNAc
Genetic disorder characterized by developmental delay and autistic features
treating clinical symptoms in children diagnosed with ADNP syndrome. The peptide drug davunetide or NAP, derived from the ADNP protein, has shown neuroprotective
ADNP_syndrome
Macromolecular machine that synthesizes proteins in cells
that the protein components of ribosomes do not directly participate in peptide bond formation catalysis, but rather that these proteins act as a scaffold
Ribosome
Chemical compound
626–634. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.06.021. PMID 23838388. Benazet, F.; et al. (1980). "Nosiheptide, a sulfur-containing peptide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces
Nosiheptide
Chemical compound
acid). Thus, Boc serves as a protective group, for instance in solid phase peptide synthesis. Boc-protected amines are unreactive to most bases and nucleophiles
Di-tert-butyl_dicarbonate
Soft water-rich polymer gel
physical hydrogel formation, the first one being the gelation of nanofibrous peptide assemblies, usually observed for oligopeptide precursors. The precursors
Hydrogel
Pharmaceutical compound
"Elastin-Derived Peptides in the Central Nervous System: Friend or Foe". Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology. 42 (8): 2473–2487. doi:10.1007/s10571-021-01140-0
Hexapeptide-12
Open-Source Workflow Management Platform
Zhang, Bing (2020). "Deep Rescore: Leveraging Deep Learning to Improve Peptide Identification in Immunopeptidomics". Proteomics. 20 (21–22) e1900334.
Nextflow
Inability to feel pleasure
anhedonia as part of broader neuropsychiatric benefits. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have shown promise in treating anhedonia
Anhedonia
PEPTIDE 021
PEPTIDE 021
Girl/Female
Christian, German, Indian, Italian, Latin, Spanish, Swedish
Petite or Feminine; Womanly
Girl/Female
Australian, British, Christian, Dutch, English, French, German, Netherlands, Swedish
Form of Charlotte; Petite and Feminine; Female Version of Charles; Carl; Little and Womanly; Free Man
Girl/Female
Finnish, German, Italian, Swedish
Free Woman; Form of Charlotte; Petite and Feminine
Girl/Female
Greek
Hope.
PEPTIDE 021
PEPTIDE 021
Boy/Male
Norse
A settler of Greenland.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Telugu
Vishnu
Boy/Male
Hindu
One with lotus in his navel, Lord Vishnu
Boy/Male
Hungarian
God judges.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Nandakishor | நஂதகிஷோர
Wiz kid
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Indian, Kannada, Marathi
Intelligent
Boy/Male
Indian
Servant of the mighty
Boy/Male
Indian, Kannada, Tamil
Intelligent
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Intelligent
PEPTIDE 021
PEPTIDE 021
PEPTIDE 021
PEPTIDE 021
PEPTIDE 021
n.
To betide; to happen.
n.
One of the Reptilia; a reptile.
n.
The time between Epiphany and Ash Wednesday wherein marriages were formerly solemnized publicly in churches. [Eng.]
v. t.
To happen to; to befall; to come to ; as, woe betide the wanderer.
a.
Pertaining to pepsin; resembling pepsin in its power of digesting or dissolving albuminous matter; containing or yielding pepsin, or a body of like properties; as, the peptic glands.
imp. & p. p.
of Betide
n.
A substance related to peptone.
n.
The sum or number of seven.
n.
A creeping creature; a reptile.
n.
The early spring, or the time when flowers begin opening.
v. t.
A lecertilian reptile; the blindworm.
n.
Open time; -- applied to different things
a.
Relating to digestion; promoting digestion; digestive; as, peptic sauces.
n.
A substance convertible into peptone.
a.
Hence: Groveling; low; vulgar; as, a reptile race or crew; reptile vices.
n.
The time after harvest when the common fields are open to all kinds of stock.
n.
Any one of a series of unsaturated metameric hydrocarbons, C7H12, of the acetylene series.
Obs
of Betide
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Betide
n.
An albuminous body formed in small quantity by the peptic digestion of proteids. It can be converted into peptone by pancreatic juice, but not by gastric juice.