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Script of various Middle Iranian languages
Pahlavi is an exclusively written form of various Middle Iranian languages, derived from the Aramaic script. It features Aramaic words used as heterograms
Pahlavi_scripts
Cursive Middle Iranian script
Book Pahlavi is the cursive variant of the Pahlavi script, which was derived from the Aramaic script during the Sassanid period to write the Middle Persian
Book_Pahlavi
Earliest attested form of Pahlavi scripts
characters in this article correctly. Inscriptional Pahlavi is the earliest attested form of Pahlavi scripts, and is evident in clay fragments that have been
Inscriptional_Pahlavi
Topics referred to by the same term
Middle Persian, written in the Pahlavi script (including Zoroastrian Middle Persian of the 9th-11th century) Pahlavi scripts, as adopted to render various
Pahlavi
Abjad which was used for writing Middle Persian on paper
correctly. Psalter Pahlavi is a cursive abjad that was used for writing Middle Persian on paper. It is described as one of the Pahlavi scripts. It was written
Psalter_Pahlavi
Southwestern Iranian language
endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is
Middle_Persian
Ancient Indian scripts
developments. The Gupta script was descended from Brāhmī and gave rise to the Nāgarī, Śāradā and Siddhaṃ scripts. These scripts in turn gave rise to many
Ancient scripts of the Indian subcontinent
Ancient_scripts_of_the_Indian_subcontinent
Abjad-based writing system
Aramaic and the Estrangelo script of Syriac. It bears a more distant sibling relationship to early forms of the Pahlavi scripts, both systems having developed
Manichaean_script
Iranian royal dynasty (1925–1979)
by Reza Shah Pahlavi, born Reza Khan, a non-aristocratic Iranian soldier of Mazanderani origin, who took on the name of the Pahlavi scripts of the Middle
Pahlavi_dynasty
Unicode character block
Inscriptional Pahlavi is a Unicode block containing monumental inscription characters for writing Middle Persian. The following Unicode-related documents
Inscriptional Pahlavi (Unicode block)
Inscriptional_Pahlavi_(Unicode_block)
Parthian language coin script from 250 BC
"Proposal for encoding the Inscriptional Parthian, Inscriptional Pahlavi, and Psalter Pahlavi scripts in the SMP of the UCS". Michael, Everson; Roozbeh, Pournader
Inscriptional_Parthian
Unicode character block
Psalter Pahlavi is a Unicode block containing characters for writing Middle Persian. The script derives its name from the "Pahlavi Psalter", a 6th- or
Psalter Pahlavi (Unicode block)
Psalter_Pahlavi_(Unicode_block)
Ideographic scripts (in which graphemes are ideograms representing concepts or ideas rather than a specific word in a language) and pictographic scripts (in which
List_of_writing_systems
Written works composed in Middle Persian
These compositions, in the Aramaic-derived Book Pahlavi script, are traditionally known as "Pahlavi literature". The earliest texts in Zoroastrian Middle
Middle_Persian_literature
Alphabet used mainly to write Avestan, the language of the Zoroastrian scripture Avesta
free inventions. Avestan script, like Pahlavi script and Aramaic script also, is written from right to left. In Avestan script, letters are not connected
Avestan_alphabet
Middle-Persian translation of a Syriac version of the Book of Psalms
metropolitan of Pars and a noted Pahlavi writer, is generally attributed with the translation of the Pahlavi Psalter. The script of the psalter, like that of
Pahlavi_Psalter
Anonymous dictionary of mostly Aramaic logograms with Middle Persian translations
logograms with Middle Persian translations (in Pahlavi script) and transliterations (in Pazend script). Its date is unknown. The glossary was previously
Frahang-i_Pahlavig
Representation of foreign words in logogram writing systems
Akkadian heterograms. In Middle Iranian scripts derived from the Aramaic scripts (such as the Pahlavi scripts), all logograms are heterograms coming from
Heterogram_(linguistics)
Attorney and wife of Reza Pahlavi (born 1968)
Yasmine Pahlavi (Persian: یاسمین پهلوی, née Etemad-Amini, Persian: اعتماد امینی; born July 26, 1968) is the wife of Reza Pahlavi, the crown prince of the
Yasmine_Pahlavi
Rediscovery of a language or script's meaning
deciphered. Between 1787-91, Silvestre de Sacy deciphered the Pahlavi scripts, which was the script used in Ancient Persia to write down the Middle Iranian
Decipherment
Former Crown Prince of Iran (born 1960)
Reza Pahlavi (born 31 October 1960) is an Iranian political activist and the former Crown Prince of the Pahlavi dynasty of Iran. He is the eldest son of
Reza_Pahlavi
Western Iranian language
and 4th century BCE. Middle Persian is attested in Aramaic-derived scripts (Pahlavi and Manichaean) on inscriptions and in Zoroastrian and Manichaean scriptures
Persian_language
Liturgical language of Zoroastrianism originating in the Old Iranian period
Pahlavi script (i.e. Book Pahlavi) that is known from the post-Sasanian texts of Zoroastrian tradition. These symbols, like those of all the Pahlavi scripts
Avestan
Semitic language
languages. Aramaic script and – as ideograms – Aramaic vocabulary would survive as the essential characteristics of the Pahlavi scripts. One of the largest
Aramaic
Writing system used for the Persian language
the Arabic script for writing Persian, followed by the Saffarid dynasty in the 9th century, gradually displacing the various Pahlavi scripts used for the
Persian_alphabet
Georgian scripts appear to be part of either the Persian-Aramaic or Greek family. The Kharosthi and Brahmic scripts are descended from the Aramaic script, after
History_of_the_alphabet
Grapheme which represents a word or a morpheme
logoconsonantal scripts are Egyptian hieroglyphs, hieratic, and demotic: Ancient Egyptian. Logosyllabic (or morphosyllabic) scripts have graphemes which
Logogram
Ancient script of Central and South Asia
vowel order is /a e i o u/, akin to Semitic scripts, rather than the usual vowel order for Indic scripts /a i u e o/. There is no diacritic form of this
Kharosthi
Brahmic script used commonly to write the Malayalam language
signatures in Arabic (Kufic script), Middle Persian (cursive Pahlavi script) and Judeo-Persian (standard square Hebrew) scripts. A medieval Tigalari manuscript
Malayalam_script
Movement in Islamic studies
and Syrian coins inscribed with MHMT in the Pahlavi script, and also partly with mhmd in the Arabic script, combined with Christian symbolism in some cases
Revisionist school of Islamic studies
Revisionist_school_of_Islamic_studies
Script used to write the Aramaic language
native Iranian languages. The Aramaic script survived as the essential characteristics of the Iranian Pahlavi writing system. 30 Aramaic documents from
Aramaic_alphabet
Iranian religion founded by Zoroaster
of Arabic words) and written in the difficult Pahlavi script (hence the adoption of the term "Pahlavi" as the name of the variant of the language, and
Zoroastrianism
Middle Persian writing system
contrast, Pahlavi script was only an abjad. Pazend did not have ideograms. In contrast, ideograms were an identifying feature of the Pahlavi system, and
Pazend
Christian grant of 1220 AD bears signatures in Arabic, Hebrew and Pahlavi scripts, while a Tamil text refers to Muslim Anjuvannam traders in Nagapattinam
Trade_guilds_of_South_India
been spelt variously as hwslwb (Book Pahlavi script: ), hwslwb', hwsrwb, hwslwd, and hwsrwd' in Pahlavi scripts. The name has been variously transliterated
Khosrow_(name)
3rd Rashidun caliph from 644 to 656
Sassanid style coins in circulation during the reign of Uthman, (Pahlavi scripts, crescent-star, fire altar, depictions of Khosrow II, Arabic bismillāh
Uthman
Extinct Eastern Iranian language of Central Asia
derives from the Aramaic alphabet. Similar to its close relatives, the Pahlavi scripts, written Sogdian contains many logograms or ideograms, which were Aramaic
Sogdian_language
Traditional Iranian female garment
uncovered. One of the earliest written records of chador can be found in Pahlavi scripts from the sixth century as a female head dress worn by Zoroastrian women
Chador
Persian definition in astronomy
Ancient Persian (Old Persian Cuneiform) Middle Persian (Pahlavi Script) Modern Persian (Persian Script) Associated Deity and Role Aldebaran (Tascheter) 𐎫𐎴𐎠𐎰𐎹𐎶𐎡𐎹
Royal_stars
Persian word of non-Muslims
"man." (for the use of ideograms in Middle Iranian languages, see Pahlavi scripts). During the Sasanian Empire (226–651), the ideogram signified a free
Gabr
Zoroastrian compendium of sacred literature
introduced by Sasanian-era transcription from the Aramaic alphabet-derived Pahlavi scripts. The search for the 'Arsacid archetype' was increasingly criticized
Avesta
Writing systems used before the Latin alphabet in Iberia
Paleohispanic scripts. Most of these scripts are notable for being semi-syllabic rather than purely alphabetic. Paleohispanic scripts are known to have
Paleohispanic_scripts
Persian dialect spoken by the Hazara people
Persian grammar Ezāfe Tajik grammar Writing system Old Persian cuneiform Pahlavi scripts Persian alphabet Persian calligraphy Tajik alphabet Romanized Persian
Hazaragi_dialects
older scripts was based on the work of Greek and Roman authors whose understanding was faulty. It was thus widely believed that Egyptian scripts were exclusively
Decipherment of ancient Egyptian scripts
Decipherment_of_ancient_Egyptian_scripts
Arab ethnic minority in Iran
Persianized names, to the new name of Reza Khan, naming himself Pahlavi in honor of the Pahlavi scripts, and changing names to historical Persian names which included
Khuzestani_Arabs
Earliest stage of the Aramaic language
languages. Aramaic script and, as ideograms, Aramaic vocabulary would survive as the essential characteristics of the Pahlavi scripts. One of the largest
Old_Aramaic
Use of Sumerian cuneiform
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sumerograms. Aramaeograms in Pahlavi scripts Heterograms Hittite cuneiform Sinograms in East Asian writing systems
Sumerogram
Letters to indicate vowels in some Semitic languages
matres lectionis in the version of the Aramaic alphabet adapted as the Pahlavi scripts. Hebrew spelling Ktiv hasar niqqud Mappiq Niqqud Tiberian vocalization
Mater_lectionis
Ancient language
cursives. Aramaic script and, as ideograms, Aramaic vocabulary would survive as the essential characteristics of the Pahlavi scripts, itself developing
Imperial_Aramaic
Collection of Zoroastrian cosmogony and cosmology
collection of beliefs about Zoroastrian cosmology written in the Book Pahlavi script. The original name of the work is not known. It is one of the most important
Bundahishn
Rashidun Caliphate's conquest of the Sasanian Empire
religion (and later to science and arts), and it switched from the Pahlavi scripts to a modified version of the Arabic alphabet. Today Persian is spoken
Muslim_conquest_of_Persia
Extinct Eastern Iranian language of Asia
Gupta Empire. Besides the Pahlavi script and the Brahmi script, some coinage of this period is still in the Aryo (Bactrian) script. From the mid-4th century
Bactrian_language
Umayyad caliph from 680 to 683
portrait of the Sasanian king Khosrow II (r. 590–628) and his name in the Pahlavi script. The reverse has the usual Zoroastrian fire altar surrounded by attendants
Yazid_I
Writing system where each symbol stands for a consonant
consonantal Semitic scripts such as Phoenician, Hebrew, and other Semitic proto-alphabets classified within the family of scripts used to write West Semitic
Abjad
Zoroastrian concept
accomplish their duties. Its Middle Persian equivalent, as attested in the Pahlavi script texts of Zoroastrian tradition, is 𐭥𐭤𐭥𐭬𐭭 Wahman, which is a borrowing
Vohu_Manah
Grammatical particle in Persian
languages (Avestan) was yo or yat. Pahlavi (Middle Persian) shortened it to ī (spelled with the letter Y in Pahlavi scripts), and after noun case endings passed
Ezāfe
assigned characters with code points, covering 172 modern and historical scripts, as well as multiple symbol sets. As it is not technically possible to
List_of_Unicode_characters
Unicode character block
Inscriptional Parthian is a Unicode block containing characters of the script used under the Sassanid Empire. The following Unicode-related documents record
Inscriptional Parthian (Unicode block)
Inscriptional_Parthian_(Unicode_block)
Persian dialect of the Aimaq people of northwest Afghanistan
Persian grammar Ezāfe Tajik grammar Writing system Old Persian cuneiform Pahlavi scripts Persian alphabet Persian calligraphy Tajik alphabet Romanized Persian
Aimaq_dialect
Unicode character block
Symposium on Encoding Iranian Scripts in Unicode L2/02-009 Bunz, Carl-Martin (2001-11-23), "Avestan and Pahlavi scripts", 2nd Iranian Meeting Report L2/02-450
Avestan_(Unicode_block)
9th-century royal grant issued to a Syrian Christian merchant in Kerala, India
the grant in Arabic (Kufic script ), Middle Persian (cursive Pahlavi script), and Judeo-Persian (standard square Hebrew script), indicating the presence
Quilon_Syrian_copper_plates
Set of letters used to write a given language
be used as pure consonants. The Proto-Sinaitic script and the Ugaritic script were the first scripts with a limited number of signs instead of using
Alphabet
Islamic form of government
First picture; Sasanid style coins during Rashidun, (Pahlavi scripts, crescent-star, fire altar, depictions of Khosrow II, bismillāh in margin). Unlike
Caliphate
Ancient Mesopotamian goddess of love
various deities, including her. Dedications to Nanaya, written in Pahlavi scripts, appear on some jewelry from the Sasanian period. However, there is
Nanaya
Public collegiate university in Tehran, Iran
between the wings was made by combining Pahlavi scripts. Some scholars have tried to read these images. The script is in the form of "Afzoot" (Amrood), which
University_of_Tehran
Iranian empire (247 BC – 224 AD)
queen regent instead of a queen regnant. Pahla Parthian Royal Road Pahlavi scripts Parni Parthia Augustus' Eastern policy Assyria (Roman province) Baghdad
Parthian_Empire
Writing system used c. 1050 to 146 BC
evolved into the Arabic and Hebrew scripts. It has also been theorised that the Brahmi and subsequent Brahmic scripts of the Indian cultural sphere also
Phoenician_alphabet
Discipline of the design and study of coats of arms
which had three crescents on a green base. The word of "arms" in the Pahlavi scripts is 𐭥𐭢𐭱𐭠𐭥 which is read as nišān (Persian: نشان). In Islamic sources
Heraldry
Family of writing systems in ancient Italy
The Old Italic scripts are a family of ancient writing systems used in the Italian Peninsula between about 700 and 100 BC, for various languages spoken
Old_Italic_scripts
evolved from imitations of Sasanian coins (as well as Byzantine), and the Pahlavi script on the coinage was replaced with Arabic alphabet. During the Umayyad
History_of_Iran
All known writing up to 300 CE
stone inscriptions in the two closely related idioms Middle Persian (Pahlavi scripts and Inscriptional Parthian), there are 5000 for the corpus of Middle
Ancient_text_corpora
Subset of characters in Unicode
or "inherited" script property. However, the individual scripts often have their own punctuation and diacritics, so that many scripts include not only
Script_(Unicode)
Capital and the largest city of Afghanistan
Kingdom. During this period, the city was referred to as "Kapul" in Pahlavi scripts. Kapol in New Persian means "Royal Bridge", which is due to the main
Kabul
Region of Near East between 539–330 BC
Iranian languages. Aramaic script and–as ideograms–Aramaic vocabulary survived as the essential characteristics of the Pahlavi scripts. One of the largest collections
Achaemenid_Assyria
Writing system
mandated a Latin script which is still used by many Chechens.[citation needed] Standard Serbian uses both the Cyrillic and Latin scripts. Cyrillic is nominally
Cyrillic_script
Kushan Empire Mani (prophet) Manichaean script Old Uyghur alphabet Pahlavi scripts (Inscriptions of Turpan) Pahlavi Psalter Pamiris Qocho Rouran Khaganate
Iranians_in_China
Zoroastrian religious text
"man", cf. Persian: bīr Avestan: vīra. Given the ambiguity inherent to Pahlavi scripts in the representing the pronunciation of certain consonants, Wirāz
Book_of_Arda_Viraf
Extinct Iranian language
The Parthian language, also known as Arsacid Pahlavi and Pahlawānīg, is an extinct ancient Northwestern Iranian language once spoken in Parthia, a region
Parthian_language
Eastern variety of Persian
conquests and during Islamic-Arab rule. The replacement of the Pahlavi script with the Arabic script in order to write the Persian language was done by the Tahirids
Dari
Oasis region in Central Asia
Khosrow II, extensive areas of Khwarezm were conquered. The fact that Pahlavi script which was used by the Persian bureaucracy alongside Old Persian, passed
Khwarazm
Dravidian language
19th century. Arabic scripts particularly were taught in madrasahs in Kerala and the Lakshadweep Islands. Historically, several scripts were used to write
Malayalam
Last pre-Islamic Iranian empire (224–651 AD)
time. This alphabet was based on the Pahlavi script, a purely consonantal writing system. However, unlike that script, which was not well adapted for even
Sasanian_Empire
Inscriptional Pahlavi), Parthian (in Inscriptional Parthian) and Greek. Since the rule of Narseh, Greek was omitted. Book Pahlavi script replaced Inscriptional
List_of_Sasanian_inscriptions
Founder of the Umayyad Caliphate
portrait of the Sasanian shah Khosrow II (r. 590–628) and his name in the Pahlavi script. 1st Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate Reign January 661 – April 680 Predecessor
Mu'awiya_I
Early history of the Iranian peoples
Zoroastrian cosmogony from the 8th or 9th century CE written in the Pahlavi script. The long mythical history presented in the Avesta texts starts with
Avestan_period
Constantine the Great. The inscription, written in New Persian using the Pahlavi script, was deciphered through the efforts of various scholars between the
Khurdad (son of Hurmuzd-Afarid)
Khurdad_(son_of_Hurmuzd-Afarid)
Medieval Zoroastrian apocalyptical text in Middle Persian
versions: a Middle Persian version in Pahlavi script, and in a Pazand transliteration with commentary in Avestan script. From the scholastic point of view
Zand-i_Wahman_yasn
Historical region of Iran
or enslaved if they did not convert to Islam. The tradition of using Pahlavi script for lapidary and monumental purposes, and possibly for chancery as well
Tabaristan
Cultural assimilation of Persian traits
coins evolved from imitations of Sasanian and Byzantine coins, and the Pahlavi script on the coinage was replaced with Arabic. The Abbasids, after 750, established
Persianization
known for his innocence, was spilled. It has been mentioned in Iranian Pahlavi scripts as a fruit of heaven. It is also believed that the invulnerability
Pomegranates_in_culture
Alphabet used by early Turks (8-10th centuries)
(1893), suggest that the Old Turkic script is derived from descendants of the Aramaic alphabet in particular via the Pahlavi and Sogdian alphabets, or possibly
Old_Turkic_script
Semi-alphabetic cuneiform script
of a distinct Persian script Persian cuneiform, which was much simpler in structure (34 characters) than the cuneiform scripts of the Elamites (approximately
Old_Persian_cuneiform
Umayyad general and governor (died 686)
Basra, respectively. They were based on Sasanian coinage and written in Pahlavi script. The mints were located in Basra, Darabjird, Maysan, Narmashir, Jayy
Ubayd_Allah_ibn_Ziyad
Subgroup of the Iranian languages
conquests and during Islamic-Arab rule. The replacement of the Pahlavi script with the Arabic script in order to write the Persian language was done by the Tahirids
Eastern_Iranian_languages
Ancient Sasanian capital in Iran
and Veshapur. This name was minted on coins in Pahlavi scripts during the Sasanian era and in Kufic script during the Islamic era. However, the common name
Bishapur
Parthian epic poem
Parthian-language poem consisting of about 120 verses and written in Book Pahlavi script. The language shows influences from Middle Persian. It is one of the
Drakht-i_Asurig
Persian mythological hero of the epic poem Shahnameh
Spandadāt or 'Spandyat' (the variance is due to ambiguities inherent in the Pahlavi script), which in turn derives from Avestan: Spəntōδāta- meaning "Given by
Esfandiyār
Capital of Iraq
2013. Le Strange 2011, p. 10. Joneidi, F. (2007). متنهای پهلوی. In Pahlavi Script and Language (Arsacid and Sassanid) نامه پهلوانی: آموزش خط و زبان پهلوی
Baghdad
Tibetan writing system
Tibetan characters. The Tibetan script is a segmental writing system, or abugida, forming a part of the Brahmic scripts, and used to write certain Tibetic
Tibetan_script
Study and practice of medicine in ancient Iran/Persia
the Sassanid past to legitimize the Galenic medical tradition. Many Pahlavi scripts were translated into Arabic [citation needed] and the region of Greater
Ancient_Iranian_medicine
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu
Bird; New Leaf
Girl/Female
Hindu
Bird
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Hindu
Descendant from Puru
Boy/Male
Hindu
With a beautiful body
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Bud
Girl/Female
Indian
Life
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
First Stanza of Poem
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Intelligence in Mind; New Leaves; Blossom in Green Fields; Time; Bud
Boy/Male
African, Arabic, Australian, French, German
Father (Pahlavi); Master
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Indian, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu
Great; Form of Jahnavi
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Song
Girl/Female
Hindu
New leaves
Male
Finnish
Pet form of Finnish Paavo, PAAVI means "small."
Girl/Female
Hindu
Princess, A musical Raag
Girl/Female
Hindu
River Ganga (Daughter of Jahnu)
Girl/Female
Hindu
Leaf
Male
Hindi/Indian
(पलà¥à¤²à¤µ) Hindi name PALLAV means "budding leaf."
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
Boy/Male
Arabic
Servant of the wise one.
Boy/Male
Hebrew American English
Comfort.
Boy/Male
Australian, Gaelic, Irish
Little King
Boy/Male
Biblical American Hebrew
A ruling, commanding, coming down.
Boy/Male
Indian
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit, Traditional
Extremely Learned; Much Heard
Boy/Male
Tamil
Fragrance, Scent
Girl/Female
German
Beloved.
Girl/Female
Arabic
High-born; Princess
Surname or Lastname
English (Durham and Yorkshire)
English (Durham and Yorkshire) : unexplained; perhaps an altered form of Lindley.
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
PAHLAVI SCRIPTS
n.
Same as Pehlevi.
n.
An ancient Persian dialect in which words were partly represented by their Semitic equivalents. It was in use from the 3d century (and perhaps earlier) to the middle of the 7th century, and later in religious writings.
n.
Properly, the translation and exposition in the Huzv/resh, or literary Pehlevi, language, of the Avesta, the Zoroastrian sacred writings; as commonly used, the language (an ancient Persian dialect) in which the Avesta is written.