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World's stock of natural resources
Natural capital is the world's stock of natural resources, which includes geology, soils, air, water and all living organisms. Some natural capital assets
Natural_capital
of Natural Capital is an educational initiative associated with The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) to communicate natural capital investment
Bank_of_Natural_Capital
The Natural Capital Project (NatCap) is a partnership among 250 groups around the world that has developed a systematic approach to weighing nature’s
Natural_Capital_Project
Calculation of total stocks and flows of natural resources and services
Natural capital accounting is the process of calculating the total stocks and flows of natural resources and services in a given ecosystem or region. Accounting
Natural_capital_accounting
Building in Portland, Oregon, U.S.
The Natural Capital Center, formally known as the Jean Vollum Natural Capital Center and informally as the Ecotrust Building, is a notable example of
Natural_Capital_Center
UK government committee (2012–2020) advising on natural capital
The Natural Capital Committee (NCC) was an independent body set up in 2012, initially for a three-year period, to report to the UK Government and advise
Natural_Capital_Committee
Already-produced durable goods that are used in production of goods or services
property can be viewed as building up intellectual capital. Natural capital is the world's stock of natural resources, which includes geology, soils, air,
Capital_(economics)
Schools of thought in environmental economics
relation to natural resource management and economic development. Weak sustainability is applicable when certain natural and human capital assets are assessed
Weak and strong sustainability
Weak_and_strong_sustainability
Accounting that measures the hidden impacts of economic activities on the environment
public policy. It includes accounting for natural capital, human capital, social capital and produced capital. The True Cost Accounting approach can be
True_cost_accounting
Topics referred to by the same term
resource measured in terms of money Capital good Human capital Natural capital Public capital Social capital Capital (architecture), the topmost member
Capital
1999 book by Hawken, Lovins, & Lovins
liquidates its capital and calls it income. It neglects to assign any value to the largest stocks of capital it employs – the natural resources and living
Natural_Capitalism
Measure of economic activity
^{*}=\mathrm {NNI} -\left[{{\text{Natural Resource}} \atop {\text{Depletion}}}\right]} Natural resources are non-critical natural capital such as minerals. NNI*
Net_national_income
Aggregate value of all capital assets in a given region
aggregate value of all capital assets in a given region, including human capital, social capital, public capital, and natural capital. Maximizing inclusive
Inclusive_wealth
corporation with an equity capital structure. Each NAC holds the rights to, and manages the productivity and ecological benefits of, natural assets such as forests
Natural_Asset_Company
American biologist (born 1964)
around the world. Daily is co-founder and faculty director of the Natural Capital Project, a global partnership that aims to mainstream the values of
Gretchen_Daily
The Natural Capital Initiative (NCI) is a partnership of UK science organisations which promotes and supports decision-making across government, business
Natural_Capital_Initiative
Maximum harvest without causing damage
the sustainable yield of natural capital is the ecological yield that can be extracted without reducing the base of capital itself, i.e. the surplus required
Sustainable_yield
Economics concept involving knowledge, skills, and training
the division of labor and human capital. In the 1990s, the concept of human capital was extended to include natural abilities, physical fitness and healthiness
Human_capital
Economic resources used to buy what is needed to make products or provide services
Financial capital (also simply known as capital or equity in finance, accounting and economics) is any economic resource measured in terms of money used
Financial_capital
Sub-field of economics
rejecting the proposition that human-made ("physical") capital can substitute for natural capital. Although the term "environmental economics" became popular
Environmental_economics
Benefits provided by intact ecosystems
2012. "Welcome". Natural Value Initiative. Archived from the original on 16 May 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2012. "Home". Natural Capital Project. Archived
Ecosystem_service
Gross domestic product with environmental consequences factored in
phenomenon", he had done little work in the area of environmental issues. Natural capital is poorly represented in GDP. Resources are not adequately considered
Green_gross_domestic_product
UK non-profit organization
information using its Framework for reporting environmental information, natural capital and associated business impacts. The Framework is a standards-ready
Climate Disclosure Standards Board
Climate_Disclosure_Standards_Board
Property of any kind held by an assessee
accounting methods in which natural capital and social capital are characterized not as intangibles or externalities but as actual capital assets. In some income
Capital_asset
Legal killing of a person as punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for
Capital_punishment
The sustainable yield of natural capital is the ecological yield that can be extracted without reducing the base of capital itself, i.e. the surplus required
Sustainable yield in fisheries
Sustainable_yield_in_fisheries
U.S. non-profit organization
organisation uses natural capital valuation to help decision makers and local stakeholders to understand the value of natural capital assets. By identifying
Earth_Economics
Abundance of financial assets or possessions
economic success. Physical capital, as it came to be known, consisting of both the natural capital and the infrastructural capital, became the focus of the
Wealth
Study of humans and their environment
highlighting the importance of ecological functions (ecosystem services or natural capital in modern terms): "In exchange for performing its function satisfactorily
Human_ecology
Study
the study was to establish an objective global standard basis for natural capital accounting. Estimates establish the cost of biodiversity and ecosystem
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity
The_Economics_of_Ecosystems_and_Biodiversity
Voluntary carbon standard
The resulting certificates for fully verified projects are issued as Natural Capital Credits. The NFS was developed in 2011 by Ecosystem Certification Organisation
Natural_Forest_Standard
British economist and academic (born 1956)
Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, also chairing the Natural Capital Committee. Helm founded Oxford Economic Research Associates Ltd in
Dieter_Helm
Country programme of Conservation International in Liberia
conservation through the Blue Oceans Programme and mangrove-focused natural capital accounting, and the FOLUR project in northwest Liberia aimed at reducing
Conservation International Liberia
Conservation_International_Liberia
Individual's or a group's human demand on nature
The ecological footprint measures human demand on natural capital, i.e. the quantity of nature it takes to support people and their economies. It tracks
Ecological_footprint
Type of woodland in the United Kingdom
are frequently described as an irreplaceable resource, or 'critical natural capital'. The analogous term used in the United States, Canada, and Australia
Ancient_woodland
American economist
natural capital and of ecosystem services, and the economics of infectious disease. Fenichel teaches courses in natural resource economics, natural capital
Eli_Fenichel
Economical estimate of the net worth of the planet
Willingness to pay Earth Economics Ecological values of mangroves Natural capital Total economic value Pimm, Stuart L. (1997). "The value of everything"
Value_of_Earth
Interdependence of human economies and natural ecosystems
rejecting the proposition that physical (human-made) capital can substitute for natural capital (see the section on weak versus strong sustainability
Ecological_economics
Mode of human development
types of capital (economic, social, and natural), which may be non-substitutable and whose consumption might be irreversible. Natural capital can not necessarily
Sustainable_development
American economist
or Venn diagram. He has also written extensively on the role of natural capital in sustainable development. Barbier was elected Fellow of the Association
Edward_Barbier
Capital of England and the United Kingdom
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of 9.14 million people in 2025. Its wider metropolitan area
London
British private equity investor, venture capitalist and philanthropist
management firm, and Trinity Natural Capital Group, a company with three subsidiaries: Trinity AgTech, Trinity Natural Capital Markets, and Trinity Global
Hosein_Khajeh-Hosseiny
Three-volume work by Karl Marx, 1867–1894
appear as objective, natural relations between things. Volume I focuses on the production process, Volume II on the circulation of capital, and Volume III
Das_Kapital
Living and non-living things on Earth
of environmental issues List of environmental websites Natural capital Natural history Natural landscape Nature-based solutions Political representation
Natural_environment
Global asset management company
management of natural capital, encompassing both land and marine resources. In 2019, the company finalized the acquisition of Mirova Natural Capital, now Mirova
Mirova_(company)
Rebalance Earth is a United Kingdom based natural capital investment company that operates in the field of environmental finance. It develops financial
Rebalance_Earth
Systematic method of maintaining assets
of stewardship for natural assets. Supporters argue that NACs incentivize landowners to conserve and improve the natural capital as it correlates to
Asset_management
many types of capital goods, including a vector of stocks of natural capital. The difference between total investment in some kinds of capital and total disinvestment
Hartwick's_rule
Economic theory
The resource rent therefore equals the shadow value of the natural resource or natural capital.There are attempts to modify or expand the system, such as
Hotelling's_rule
Study of threats to biological diversity
trading stocks for much of the planet's living natural capital stored in ecosystems. There is no natural stock market with investment portfolios into sea
Conservation_biology
Total market value of goods and services produced within a country
expenditures + capital formation + services from domestic labour − costs of environmental degradation − depreciation of natural capital. In 2005, Med Jones
Gross_domestic_product
Jerusalem (rather than the whole of Jerusalem) as a future capital, and sometimes as the current capital. One of its 2010 documents, described as "for discussion
List of capital cities by elevation
List_of_capital_cities_by_elevation
Astronomical body that orbits a planet
English, the Moon with a capital M denotes Earth's satellite, while moon with a lowercase m is used generically for natural satellites. In the Solar System
Natural_satellite
Posthumous legal determination
death determinations include everything from very broad categories like "natural" and "homicide" to specific manners like "traffic accident" or "gunshot
Manner_of_death
Village in Maharashtra
Value of Natural Capital". World Bank. Archived from the original on 31 December 2006. Retrieved 30 October 2006. "The Value of Natural Capital - Communities
Ralegan_Siddhi
Source or supply from which benefit is produced
processing, output, communication, and storage. Natural resources are derived from the environment. Many natural resources are essential for human survival
Resource
Scottish research institution
In 2012, the institute announced that it was formally joining the Natural Capital Initiative, a leading UK partnership that brings together policymakers
James_Hutton_Institute
Amount of money needed to secure survival in a worst-case scenario
monetary or exchange-value. These forms of capital include natural capital, cultural capital and social capital; the latter two represent a type of power
Economic_capital
Traditional Arabian land-stewardship system
"private pasture", refers to an area set aside for the conservation of natural capital, typically fields, wildlife and forests—contrast ḥaram, which defines
Hima (environmental protection)
Hima_(environmental_protection)
Competition Appeal Tribunal and was a member of the UK government Natural Capital Committee. Over the last decade he has made the case against narrow
Colin_Mayer
Economy based on ecological economics
distinguishing it from prior economic regimes is the direct valuation of natural capital and ecological services as having economic value and a full cost accounting
Green_economy
Monetary evaluation account
list (link) "Connecting Finance and Natural Capital, Case Study for eftec: Natural Capital Statements". Natural Capital Coalition. 23 April 2018. "Kering
Environmental profit and loss account
Environmental_profit_and_loss_account
Economic concept by businessman Mikhail Fridman
physical assets, natural capital, human capital, intellectual property, social and institutional capital, and net financial capital. Their essay stated
Indigo_Era
Investment management firm
directional and relative-value trades, with an emphasis on natural gas commodities. Statar Capital was formed in September 2018 by American investor and asset
Statar_Capital
Scientific study of renewing and restoring ecosystems
There are many reasons to restore ecosystems. Some include: Restoring natural capital such as drinkable water or wildlife populations Restoring environmental
Ecological_restoration
American environmentalist and economist (born 1946)
emissions. Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution, co-authored with Amory Lovins, wrote about the idea of natural capital and direct
Paul_Hawken
bioregion's local natural resources in a way that meets local communities' needs yet restores rather than depletes natural and social capital. In a conservation
Conservation_economy
value or 'price' is associated with the objects of value, regarded as natural capital, associated with ecosystems and this may be based on the ability of
Ecosystem_valuation
Cost accounting method
TCA-analysis of the total impact of world food production on Natural Capital ("Natural Capital Impacts in Agriculture" ). In the first report, the FAO came
Environmental full-cost accounting
Environmental_full-cost_accounting
Sustainable-development commitment
other natural capital uses to practices that promote sustainable employment, food security, sustainable energy and the protection of natural capital through
Gaborone Declaration for Sustainability in Africa
Gaborone_Declaration_for_Sustainability_in_Africa
American economist
1997, Costanza et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387:253-260 (1997) 1998, Costanza et al. Principles for sustainable
Robert_Costanza
The geology of the Australian Capital Territory includes rocks dating from the Ordovician around 480 million years ago, whilst most rocks are from the
Geology of the Australian Capital Territory
Geology_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory
Processing of natural language by a computer
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely
Natural_language_processing
Accounting framework
sector full cost accounting. Similar UN standards apply to natural capital and human capital measurement to assist in measurements required by TBL, e.g
Triple_bottom_line
Canadian power generation
In March 2017, Capital Power and ENMAX Corporation announced that the Shepard Energy Centre was chosen as the test site for the natural gas track of the
Capital_Power
Australian Government-owned green bank
Government. Key focus areas include the energy grid, renewable energy, natural capital and sustainable housing. The CEFC committed a record $9.1 billion in
Clean Energy Finance Corporation
Clean_Energy_Finance_Corporation
International standard system
example, SNA 2025 recognizes four kinds of capital: economic capital, human capital, natural capital and social capital. Uniquely, the US standard National Income
System_of_National_Accounts
Business model
and value land management activities that improves the condition of natural capital and values the output of ecoservices. EcoCommerce is more comprehensive
Eco_commerce
and the wider public will hold many companies accountable for any natural capital decline or biodiversity loss and sue them for such losses. These shifts
Natural_risk
Holistic management List of environmental issues Natural capital Natural environment Natural heritage Natural resource Nature Recycling Renewable energy Renewable
Natural_resource_management
Gaseous fossil fuel
equipment are less capital intensive and may be economical in smaller unit sizes than liquefaction/regasification plants. Natural gas trucks and carriers
Natural_gas
rooted in the well-enumerated theories of natural capital, the eco-economy and cradle to cradle design. Natural resource scarcity or/and abundance are drivers
Environmental_enterprise
2006 report on the economics of climate change
loss of natural capital. Economists define natural capital as the multiple and various services of nature from which humans benefit- from natural resources
Stern_Review
Securities exchange in Lusaka, Zambia
Association of National Numbering Agencies, Capital Markets Association of Zambia, African Natural Capital Alliance. As of April 2025, the LuSE had 20
Lusaka_Securities_Exchange
and ArcLight Capital Partners. NGPL traces its history to the Continental Construction Corporation, which changed its name to the Natural Gas Pipeline
Natural Gas Pipeline Company of America
Natural_Gas_Pipeline_Company_of_America
Economic growth that reflects or creates a decline in the quality of life
may have important consequences for the environment (the climate and natural capital of ecologies). Concerns about possible negative effects of growth on
Uneconomic_growth
Economic indicator
expenditures + capital formation + services from domestic labour - costs of environmental degradation - depreciation of natural capital GDP is misleading
Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare
Index_of_Sustainable_Economic_Welfare
British research council
environment – Living and non-living things on Earth Natural capital – World's stock of natural resources Natural resource – Resources that exist without actions
Natural Environment Research Council
Natural_Environment_Research_Council
Societal goal and normative concept
sustainability concept states that capital made by humans could replace most of the natural capital. Natural capital is a way of describing environmental
Sustainability
British population ecologist
Advisory Committee on Releases to the Environment, Membership of the Natural Capital Committee (NCC), the Bovine tuberculosis eradication advisory group
Rosie_Hails
Canadian poet
amazing debut" by a review in Books in Canada, and his 2012 collection Natural Capital was described as "a helluva good read" by a review in Arc Poetry Magazine
Jason_Heroux
Accounting that factors environmental costs
and natural resources could provide useful information during negotiations over the nations' commitments to restore or maintain natural capital. Trade
Green_accounting
Capital and largest city of Poland
Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and most populous city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the river Vistula in east-central
Warsaw
British economist (born 1961)
the project was inaugurated in January 2019 and explores social and natural capital. At the 2018 New Year Honours, Coyle received the award of Commander
Diane_Coyle
Type of resource management
management policies reflect beliefs about natural capital scarcity. For someone who believes natural capital is infinite and easily substituted, environmental
Environmental resource management
Environmental_resource_management
Conservation partnership
support the government with implementing the ban. Natural Capital Accounting Working Group The Natural Capital Accounting Working Group is working with the
Science for Nature and People Partnership
Science_for_Nature_and_People_Partnership
View that capital exists in nature as "natural capital"
capitalism or (sometimes) green capitalism, is the view that capital exists in nature as "natural capital" (ecosystems that have ecological yield) on which all
Eco-capitalism
Concept in economics
development of the idea that 'what is true of labour, is true of capital'. He continues; All the natural monopolies (meaning thereby those which are created by
Natural_monopoly
Networks of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society
Social capital is a concept used in sociology and economics to define networks of relationships which are productive towards advancing the goals of individuals
Social_capital
Non-profit research project
Environment Programme (UNEP) for rapid, standardized and customizable natural capital accounting. Shortly following the adoption of the System of Integrated
Artificial Intelligence for Environment & Sustainability
Artificial_Intelligence_for_Environment_&_Sustainability
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