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Class of proteins produced by muscle
A myokine is one of several hundred cytokines or other small proteins (~5–20 kDa) and proteoglycan peptides that are produced and released by skeletal
Myokine
Cytokine protein
that acts as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine. In humans, it is encoded by the IL6 gene. In addition, osteoblasts secrete
Interleukin_6
Physical effects resulting from activation of the immune system
IL-6 Cytokine and Myokine Macrophages, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and smooth muscle cells (cytokine) Skeletal muscle cells (myokine) Pro-inflammatory cytokine
Inflammation
Mammalian and avian protein
is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MSTN gene. Myostatin is a myokine that is produced and released by myocytes and acts on muscle cells to inhibit
Myostatin
One of three major types of muscle
endocrine organ by secreting myokines – a wide range of cytokines and other peptides that act as signalling molecules. Myokines in turn are believed to mediate
Skeletal_muscle
Researcher
leading them to introduce the term "myokine". He furthered the understanding of interleukin 6 (IL-6) as a myokine, demonstrating through human infusion
Mark_Febbraio
Loose connective tissue composed mostly by adipocytes
Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC, et al. (January 2012). "A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis"
Adipose_tissue
Coenzyme
maintains NAD+ in the hypothalamus (the control center) in conjunction with myokines from skeletal muscle cells. In 2018, Napa Therapeutics was formed to develop
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide
Protein-coding gene in humans
complementary genomic and molecular evidence to demonstrate that Fndc5 (irisin myokine precursor protein) is translated in humans and mice from an overlooked
FNDC5
Low to high intensity physical exercise
shown that both aerobic and anaerobic exercise promote the secretion of myokines, with attendant benefits including growth of new tissue, tissue repair
Aerobic_exercise
Category of small signaling proteins
redundancy Cytokine release syndrome Cytokine secretion assay ELISA assays Myokine Signal transduction Thymic stromal lymphopoietin Virokine Saito explains
Cytokine
Product of thymine metabolism
cholesterol. BAIBA is found as a normal metabolite of skeletal muscle (myokine). Its plasma concentrations are increased by exercise. The increased production
3-Aminoisobutyric_acid
State of health and well-being
organ. That is, contracting muscles release multiple substances known as myokines, which promote the growth of new tissue, tissue repair, and various anti-inflammatory
Physical_fitness
Biological signalling molecule
human hormones List of investigational sex-hormonal agents Metabolomics Myokine Neohormone Neuroendocrinology Paracrine signaling Plant hormones, a.k.a
Hormone
Neural, cognitive, and behavioral effects of physical exercise
as running, swimming, and cycling increases BDNF biosynthesis through myokine signaling, resulting in up to a threefold increase in blood plasma and
Neurobiological effects of physical exercise
Neurobiological_effects_of_physical_exercise
Japanese manga series
Ikeda produces a pamphlet on the benefits of exercise, such as producing Myokine which stimulate the brain and Serotonin to prevent depression. Himuro catches
Science Fell in Love, So I Tried to Prove It
Science_Fell_in_Love,_So_I_Tried_to_Prove_It
Physical activity that improves health
organ. That is, contracting muscles release multiple substances known as myokines which promote the growth of new tissue, tissue repair, and multiple anti-inflammatory
Exercise
Anti-inflammatory cytokine
cardiac and vascular dysfunction with increased age. IL-10 is linked to the myokines, as exercise provokes an increase in circulating levels of IL-1ra, IL-10
Interleukin_10
Relative preservation of neurons
effects of aerobic exercise intensity on muscle-derived neuroprotective myokines". Alzheimer's & Dementia. 11 (1) e70056. doi:10.1002/trc2.70056. ISSN 2352-8737
Neuroprotection
due to its now well-established role in the secretion of myokines. The use of the term myokine to describe cytokines and other peptides produced by muscle
List of human endocrine organs and actions
List_of_human_endocrine_organs_and_actions
Concept of extending human lifespan
during/after exercise – have also shown promising results. Exerkines include myokines. Extracellular vesicles were shown to be secreted concomitantly with exerkines
Life_extension
Cytokine with structural similarity to Interleukin-2
also produced by skeletal muscle in response to different exercise doses (myokine), playing significant roles in visceral (intra-abdominal or interstitial)
Interleukin_15
American biochemist and cell biologist
mice and adult humans. In 2012, Spiegelman and colleagues discovered the myokine irisin (2012) and further demonstrated that this hormone was produced in
Bruce_M._Spiegelman
Drugs to suppress IL-6 signalling
with multiple beneficial effects when released by contracting muscle as a myokine. IL-6 had previously been classified as a proinflammatory cytokine. Therefore
Anti-interleukin-6
Protein-coding gene in humans
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Decorin has recently been established as a myokine. In this role, it promotes muscle hypertrophy by binding with myostatin
Decorin
Type of adipose tissue
Peng; Lu, Ping; Sartini, Loris; Di Comite, Mariasevera (2015-09-29). "The myokine irisin increases cortical bone mass". Proceedings of the National Academy
Brown_adipose_tissue
and a resident missionary were Pyinmana, Yamèthin, Magyidaw, Chanthagon, Myokine, Chaung-u, Nabet, Shwebo, Chanthaywa, Monhla, Bhano and Maymyo. At Mandalay
Catholic_Church_in_Myanmar
Therapies, medications, and devices
00170. PMC 4064707. PMID 24999318. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that myokines released by exercising muscles affect the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic
Management_of_depression
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
muscle cells: evidence for cross-talk between orphan nuclear receptors and myokines". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (10): 8651–9. doi:10.1074/jbc
Rev-ErbA_beta
Overview of the events of 2012 in science
Højlund K, Gygi SP, Spiegelman BM (January 2012). "A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis"
January–March_2012_in_science
Topics referred to by the same term
Philippines, enacted in 1997 C1q/TNF related protein (CTRP) family, see Myokine. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CTRP
CTRP
Field of study
through the production of certain myokines. Muscle cells respond to contractions by releasing molecules called myokines, one of which is critical to regulating
Epigenetics of physical exercise
Epigenetics_of_physical_exercise
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Byerly MS, Wei Z, Wong GW (April 2012). "Myonectin (CTRP15), a novel myokine that links skeletal muscle to systemic lipid homeostasis". The Journal
Erythroferrone
Signaling molecules induced by exercise that mediate its systemic effects
Højlund, K; Gygi, SP; Spiegelman, BM (11 January 2012). "A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis"
Exerkine
Medical condition: obesity and loss of muscle
Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity. Role of Physical Exercise, Microbiota and Myokines". Cells. 11 (1): 160. doi:10.3390/cells11010160. ISSN 2073-4409. PMC 8750433
Sarcopenic_obesity
Measurable indicators of diabetes
identified hormone, was first reported by Bostromet al. in 2012, is a novel myokine which plays an important role in the homeostasis, metabolism and energy
Biomarkers_of_diabetes
Chemical compound
deficits and depressive symptoms. Kynurenine is also associated with tics. Myokines regulate its metabolism. Kynurenine has also been identified as one of
Kynurenine
function, restoration and improvement of vasculature, and the release of myokines from skeletal muscle that preserve or augment cardiovascular function.
Benefits_of_physical_activity
Ion
suggesting potential for treating neurodegenerative disorders. 1-MNA acts as a myokine, supporting the utilization of amino acids for gluconeogenesis in the liver
1-Methylnicotinamide
Type of cytokines secreted by adipose tissue
to be associated with excessive body weight. Adipose tissue Hepatokines Myokines Mancuso P (May 2016). "The role of adipokines in chronic inflammation"
Adipokine
Mononuclear phagocyte system Monospecific antibody Mucosal immunology MYD88 Myokine Neoantigenic determinant Neopterin Neuroimmune system Neuroimmunology Neutralisation
Index_of_immunology_articles
Hormone-like proteins from liver cells
potential targets for the treatment of cardiometabolic disorders. Adipokines Myokines Jensen-Cody SO, Potthoff MJ (December 2020). "Hepatokines and metabolism:
Hepatokine
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