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Effect in quantum electrodynamics
In physics, the Lamb shift, named after Willis Lamb, is an anomalous difference in energy between two electron orbitals in a hydrogen atom. The difference
Lamb_shift
American physicist (1913–2008)
Willis Eugene Lamb Jr. (July 12, 1913 – May 15, 2008) was an American physicist who was able to precisely determine a surprising shift in electron energies
Willis_Lamb
German-American physicist (1906–2005)
1947, he wrote an important paper which provided the calculation of the Lamb shift, which is credited with revolutionizing quantum electrodynamics and further
Hans_Bethe
Lowest possible energy of a quantum system or field
quantized vacuum field, leading to slight shifts in energy; this effect is called the Lamb shift. The shift of about 4.38×10−6 eV is roughly 10−7 of the
Zero-point_energy
Interpretation of electrodynamics
explanation for the Lamb shift according to quantum electrodynamics (QED). Ed Jaynes proposed an alternate model where the Lamb-like shift is due instead to
Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory
Wheeler–Feynman_absorber_theory
Verifying quantum electrodynamics by measuring the fine-structure constant
because the muon has no internal structure: α−1 = 137.035994(18). The Lamb shift is a small difference in the energies of the 2 S1/2 and 2 P1/2 energy
Precision_tests_of_QED
Major meeting of American physicists led by Robert Oppenheimer in 1947
predicted by the Dirac theory; this became known as the Lamb shift. Lamb had discovered the shift a few weeks before (with Robert Retherford), so this was
Shelter_Island_Conference
American physicist (1912–1981)
famous experiment (now known as the Lamb–Retherford experiment) revealing Lamb shift in the fine structure of hydrogen, a decisive experimental step toward
Robert_Retherford
Quantum field theory of electromagnetism
quantities like the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and the Lamb shift of the energy levels of hydrogen. It is the most precise and stringently
Quantum_electrodynamics
Measurement discrepancy in physics
orbitals to asymmetric 2p orbitals of hydrogen, a difference known as the Lamb shift. The exact values of the energy levels are sensitive to the distribution
Proton_radius_puzzle
Concept in physics
not physically real. Virtual photons are responsible for Lamb shift, which is a small shift in the energy levels of hydrogen atoms caused by the interaction
Virtual_photon
Quantum mechanics taking into account particles near or at the speed of light
Lamb shift was discovered: a small difference in the 2S1⁄2 and 2P1⁄2 levels of hydrogen, due to the interaction between the electron and vacuum. Lamb
Relativistic quantum mechanics
Relativistic_quantum_mechanics
Background energy existing in space
various phenomena such as spontaneous emission, the Casimir effect, and the Lamb shift, and are thought to influence the behavior of the Universe on cosmological
Vacuum_energy
Details in the emission spectrum of an atom
slightly different. Another mechanism that affects only the s-state is the Lamb shift, a further, smaller correction that arises in quantum electrodynamics
Fine_structure
Random change in the energy inside a volume
first observations which was evidence for vacuum fluctuations was the Lamb shift in hydrogen. In July 2020, scientists reported that quantum vacuum fluctuations
Quantum_fluctuation
American theoretical physicist (1918–1988)
achievements of the experimentalists, who reported the discovery of the Lamb shift, the measurement of the magnetic moment of the electron, and Robert Marshak's
Richard_Feynman
Elementary particle or quantum of light
predictions of QED, such as the magnetic dipole moment of leptons, the Lamb shift, and the hyperfine structure of bound lepton pairs, such as muonium and
Photon
Theoretical framework in physics
Willis Lamb and Robert Retherford measured the minute difference in the 2S1/2 and 2P1/2 energy levels of the hydrogen atom, also called the Lamb shift. By
Quantum_field_theory
SI unit of time
involves improving the uncertainty in QED calculations, specifically the Lamb shift in the 1s-2s transition of the hydrogen atom. A redefinition must include
Second
Quantum state with the lowest possible energy
comes to physical interpretations of various QED processes including the Lamb shift, van der Waals forces, and Casimir effects." This point of view is also
Quantum_vacuum_state
Spectroscopic techniques that measure the absorption of radiation
to determine the accuracy of theoretical predictions. For example, the Lamb shift measured in the hydrogen atomic absorption spectrum was not expected to
Absorption_spectroscopy
Elementary particle with negative charge
should have the same energy, were shifted in relation to each other; the difference came to be called the Lamb shift. About the same time, Polykarp Kusch
Electron
Atom of the element hydrogen
solution. The energy levels of hydrogen, including fine structure (excluding Lamb shift and hyperfine structure), are given by the Sommerfeld fine-structure expression:
Hydrogen_atom
Concept in philosophy and early physics
Encyclopædia in an 1823 article titled "Pascal". Casimir effect Inertia Lamb shift QCD vacuum QED vacuum Quantum fluctuation Quantum vacuum state Spontaneous
Horror_vacui_(philosophy)
Subatomic particle with positive charge
by electron–proton scattering differs from the value measured via the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen (an exotic atom made of a proton and a negatively charged
Proton
1993 physics textbook by Peter W. Milonni
spontaneous emission, the Casimir effect, the van der Waals force, the Lamb shift and the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron. Its first chapter,
The_Quantum_Vacuum
Particle effect
semiconductor nanostructures, graphene and topological insulators. Casimir effect Lamb shift The same word has been used to describe scintillations of stars. See Exner
Zitterbewegung
Season of television series
Lofaso - Shift 1 and Shift 8 Graham Elliot - Shift 2 and Shift 8 Jet Tila - Shift 3 and Shift 8 Fariyal Abdullahi - Shift 4 Brooke Williamson - Shift 5 Brian
24 in 24: Last Chef Standing series 2
24_in_24:_Last_Chef_Standing_series_2
Feynman diagram with only one cycle
that can "run in the cycle". The Casimir effect, Hawking radiation and Lamb shift are examples of phenomena whose theoretical existence can be implied using
One-loop_Feynman_diagram
Surname list
Lamb (1883–1952), designer of the Empire State Building William Kaye Lamb (1904–1999), Canadian historian Willis Lamb, American physicist (Lamb shift)
Lamb_(surname)
American theoretical physicist (1904–1967)
doctoral students, Willis Lamb, determined that this was a consequence of what became known as the Lamb shift, for which Lamb was awarded the Nobel Prize
J._Robert_Oppenheimer
Chinese physicist and educator (1893-1986)
conducted spectroscopic research that anticipated the discovery of the Lamb shift. Educated at Columbia University and the University of Chicago under Nobel
Hsieh_Yu-Ming
Hypothetical subatomic particle
= g − 2 2 {\displaystyle a={\frac {g-2}{2}}} anomaly, and the muonic Lamb shift. Axion List of particles 750 GeV diphoton excess Krasznahorkay, A.J.;
X17_particle
Quantum phenomenon
674.2. ISSN 0031-899X. Rybin, M.V.; et al. (2016). "Purcell effect and Lamb shift as interference phenomena". Scientific Reports. 6 20599. Bibcode:2016NatSR
Purcell_effect
Franco-American theoretical physicist (1927–2014)
Corrections to the Lamb shift. (Bethe, L. M. Brown, and John R. Stehn had previously calculated a non-relavistic estimate of the Lamb shift.) At Cornell University
Michel_Baranger
Important atomic emission spectra
Astronomical spectroscopy The hydrogen line (21 cm) Radio recombination line Lamb shift Moseley's law Quantum optics "The Hydrogen 21-cm Line". Hyperphysics.
Hydrogen_spectral_series
Study of subatomic particles and forces
to the development of nuclear weapons. Bethe's 1947 calculation of the Lamb shift is credited with having "opened the way to the modern era of particle
Particle_physics
Process in quantum optics
ordering of excitations below the critical temperature.) The collective Lamb shift, relating to the system of atoms interacting with the vacuum fluctuations
Superradiant_phase_transition
Physical quantity
Scully, M.; Sokolov, A.; Svidzinsky, A. (2018). "Virtual photons: From the Lamb shift to black holes" (PDF). Optics and Photonics News. 29 (2): 34–40. Bibcode:2018OptPN
Energy
Turkish-American theoretical physicist (1926–1994)
Neutrino-Emission Processes 1985 Quantum Electrodynamics Based on Self-Energy: Lamb Shift and Spontaneous Emission without Field Quantization 1985 Zitterbewegung
Asım_Orhan_Barut
Relativistic quantum mechanical wave equation
predictions made by the Dirac equation, however it was not until 1947 that Lamb shift was discovered, which the equation does not predict. This led to the development
Dirac_equation
Study involving matter and electromagnetic radiation
spectrum was an early success of quantum mechanics and explained the Lamb shift observed in the hydrogen spectrum, which further led to the development
Spectroscopy
Gauge boson self-energy due to interactions with virtual particles
measuring the energy levels of the hydrogen atom, Willis Lamb made measurements of the Lamb shift and the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the electron
Vacuum_polarization
Space that is empty of matter
verified effects of vacuum fluctuations include spontaneous emission and the Lamb shift. Coulomb's law and the electric potential in vacuum near an electric charge
Vacuum
Bound state of an electron and positron
is the Breit term; workers rarely go to α4 because at α3 one has the Lamb shift, which requires quantum electrodynamics. After a radioactive atom in a
Positronium
Transient quantum fluctuation (physics)
production of particle-antiparticle pairs (such as electron-positron). Lamb shift of positions of atomic levels. The impedance of free space, which defines
Virtual_particle
1960 article by Eugene Wigner
sublimated form of Heisenberg's prescriptions. The quantum theory of the Lamb shift, as conceived by Bethe and established by Schwinger, is a purely mathematical
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences
The_Unreasonable_Effectiveness_of_Mathematics_in_the_Natural_Sciences
Japanese physicist (1906-1979)
independently of Julian Schwinger and calculated physical quantities such as the Lamb shift at the same time. In 1949, he was invited by Robert Oppenheimer to work
Shin'ichirō_Tomonaga
Relativistic interaction in quantum physics
(quantum mechanics) Electric dipole spin resonance Kugel–Khomskii coupling Lamb shift Relativistic angular momentum Spherical basis Stark effect In fact it's
Spin–orbit_interaction
American physicist
thesis work, the paper provided the first theoretical explanation of the Lamb shift in QED and became one of the most important landmarks of the field. In
Norman_Myles_Kroll
American physicist (1918–2010)
the quantum electrodynamic corrections in atomic physics such as the Lamb shift as the interaction of non-relativistic treated electrons with stochastic
Theodore_A._Welton
Mode of arrangement of electrons in different shells of an atom
field of the nucleus, and by the quantum electrodynamic effects of the Lamb shift.) The naïve application of the aufbau principle leads to a well-known
Electron_configuration
Spectral line splitting in magnetic field
has media related to Zeeman effect. Cotton–Mouton effect Faraday effect Lamb shift Magneto-optic Kerr effect Polarization spectroscopy Stark effect Voigt
Zeeman_effect
Function describing an electron in an atom
very slightly different nuclear charge, even in one-electron atoms; see Lamb shift. In atoms with multiple electrons, the energy of an electron depends not
Atomic_orbital
American physicist (born 1951)
University Thesis Polarization Spectroscopy and the Measurement of the Lamb Shift in the Ground State of Hydrogen (1977) Doctoral advisor Theodor W. Hänsch
Carl_Wieman
Property of space that quantifies the magnetic influence at a given location
experimentally observed predictions such as spontaneous emission process or Lamb shift implying the need for quantization of fields. In modern physics, the electromagnetic
Magnetic_field
Zetterström describes hydrox. 1947 – Willis Lamb and Robert Retherford measure the small energy shift (the Lamb shift) between the 2S1/2 and 2P1/2 orbitals
Timeline of hydrogen technologies
Timeline_of_hydrogen_technologies
First nuclear weapon detonation 1947 Lamb–Retherford experiment Willis Lamb and Robert Retherford Discovery Lamb shift/Vacuum energy 1956 Wu experiment Chien-Shiung
List of experiments in physics
List_of_experiments_in_physics
Theoretical physicist and editor (1914–1976)
Pasternack effect in the spectrum of hydrogen, which later became known as the Lamb shift. Kramers–Pasternack recursion relations for the fine structure and Bateman–Pasternack
Simon_Pasternack
Non-mathematical introduction
electromagnetic force is the exchange of photons between interacting particles. The Lamb shift is an example of a quantum electrodynamics prediction that has been experimentally
Introduction to quantum mechanics
Introduction_to_quantum_mechanics
American politician and attorney (born 1984)
Conor James Lamb (born June 27, 1984) is an American attorney and politician who served as a U.S. representative from 2018 to 2023. A member of the Democratic
Conor_Lamb
Mathematical description of quantum state
quantum mechanics, while very successful, has its limitations (see e.g. Lamb shift) and conceptual problems (see e.g. Dirac sea). Relativity makes it inevitable
Wave_function
Formula for spectral line wavelengths in alkali metals
refinements explain small deviations from the simple formula, such as the Lamb shift and hyperfine splittings in hydrogen-like systems. For hydrogen, the energy
Rydberg_formula
Dirac's theoretical prediction of this particle (1928) Lamb–Retherford experiment discovered Lamb shift (1947), which led to the development of quantum electrodynamics
History_of_quantum_mechanics
Canadian physicist
University in Toronto, Ontario. In September 2019, Hessels et al. measured the Lamb shift for hydrogen to measure the radius of a proton and demonstrated that it
Eric_Hessels
Soviet physicist (1907–79)
nonlinear optics and acoustics. In 1938 he presented the derivation of the Lamb shift in a seminar, using a similar approach as Hans Bethe later did in his
Dmitry_Blokhintsev
Extension of the Bohr model
the Dirac equation. Nevertheless, both solutions fail to predict the Lamb shifts. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bohr–Sommerfeld model. Bohr model
Bohr–Sommerfeld_model
Transition rate formula
\infty } (ignoring its imaginary part which leads to a very small energy (Lamb) shift, while the real part produces decay ). Finally d a i ( t ) d t = − 2
Fermi's_golden_rule
1974 studio album by Genesis
structures. This shift was reflected in the stark, black-and-white photographic cover art designed by Hipgnosis. Upon release, The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway
The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway
The_Lamb_Lies_Down_on_Broadway
Quantum mechanical property
of a large magnetic field Relativistic correction Spin-orbit coupling Lamb shift (of order α 5 m c 2 {\displaystyle \alpha ^{5}mc^{2}} ): This is associated
Orbital_motion_(quantum)
English essayist, poet, and antiquarian (1775–1834)
Charles Lamb (10 February 1775 – 27 December 1834) was an English essayist, poet, and antiquarian, best known for his Essays of Elia and for the children's
Charles_Lamb
British-American physicist
There he obtained his PhD with advisor Willis Lamb with a dissertation on measurement of the Lamb shift in singly ionized helium. From 1953 to 1954 Lipworth
Edgar_Lipworth
Lowest energy state in quantum electrodynamics
QED vacuum such as spontaneous emission, the Casimir effect, and the Lamb shift have been experimentally verified, suggesting QED vacuum is a good model
QED_vacuum
Canadian and American theoretical physicist
D. from MIT in 1948 with a thesis on relativistic calculation of the Lamb shift. From 1948 to 1950 French was a research associate at MIT. At the University
James_Bruce_French
American theoretical physicist (1901–1985)
of vacuum polarization were later confirmed with the discovery of the Lamb shift in 1947. After his PhD he left for a ten-month collaboration with Werner
Edwin_Albrecht_Uehling
Atoms with a single valence electron, so they behave like hydrogen
experimental results as mentioned earlier. More accurate results include the Lamb shift (radiative corrections arising from quantum electrodynamics) and hyperfine
Hydrogen-like_atom
. View source data. Hypothetical polling with Mick Cornett with Todd Lamb Shift by county Trend by county Legend Republican — >15% Republican — +12
2018 Oklahoma gubernatorial election
2018_Oklahoma_gubernatorial_election
American theoretical physicist (1908–2002)
results (which turned out to be correct) about what became known as the Lamb shift. Nevertheless, he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics numerous
Victor_Weisskopf
Egyptian Emeritus professor (born 1942)
self-energies: all-order perturbation theory of the generalized non-relativistic Lamb shift, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical, Nuclear and General 7 (13) (1974)
Obada_Abdel_Shafy
2009 studio album by Lamb of God
Wrath is the sixth studio album by American heavy metal band Lamb of God. It was internationally released on February 23, 2009 via Roadrunner Records in
Wrath_(Lamb_of_God_album)
Quantum electromechanical process
oscillating factor. The dipole moment oscillates due to the Lamb shift, which is a shift in the energy levels of the atom due to fluctuations of the field
Resonance_fluorescence
2024 studio album by Ben Frost
Scope Neglect track listing No. Title Length 1. "Lamb Shift" 2:30 2. "Chimera" 6:11 3. "The River of Light and Radiation" 4:50 4. "_1993" 2:50 5. "Turning
Scope_Neglect_(album)
1996 studio album by Lamb
Lamb is the debut studio album by English electronic music duo Lamb. It was released on 30 September 1996 by Fontana Records. In the United States, Lamb
Lamb_(album)
Atom of helium
relativity: Breit-Pauli corrections quantum electrodynamics effects: the Lamb shift due to electron interaction with vacuum fluctuations. Helium's first ionization
Helium_atom
Number-state in quantum mechanics
fluctuations are responsible for many interesting phenomena including the Lamb shift in quantum optics. In a multi-mode field each creation and annihilation
Fock_state
to take more precise measurements of the shift of the levels of a hydrogen atom, now known as the Lamb shift and magnetic moment of the electron. These
History of quantum field theory
History_of_quantum_field_theory
Exoplanet orbiting KELT-3
Rezaei, N. (2017-05-01). "Dirac equation, hydrogen atom spectrum and the Lamb shift in dynamical non-commutative spaces". Pramana. 88 (5): 77. arXiv:1612
KELT-3b
Musical artist
Spaltro worked the closing shift, and would experiment with and record music all night into the morning. The first Lady Lamb recordings were home recordings
Lady_Lamb
Reformulation of general relativity
the motion of electrons in atoms is fluctuated, this is related to the Lamb shift. For these reasons and others, at increasingly small scales, space and
Hamilton–Jacobi–Einstein equation
Hamilton–Jacobi–Einstein_equation
to take more precise measurements of the shift of the levels of a hydrogen atom, now known as the Lamb shift and magnetic moment of the electron. These
History of electromagnetic theory
History_of_electromagnetic_theory
2023 studio album by Sprain
The Lamb as Effigy (also referred to in extended form as The Lamb as Effigy or Three Hundred and Fifty XOXOXOS for a Spark Union With My Darling Divine)
The_Lamb_as_Effigy
Willis Lamb and Robert Retherford measure a small difference in energy between the energy levels 2S1/2 and 2P1/2 of the hydrogen atom, known as the Lamb shift
Timeline_of_quantum_mechanics
Coulomb potential with vacuum polarization corrections
corrections provided by the Dirac equation and this splitting is known as the Lamb shift (which includes Uehling potential and additional higher corrections from
Uehling_potential
English biologist (1939–2021)
considered by some to be part of a potential paradigm shift within evolutionary biology. Lamb died on 12 December 2021, at the age of 82. Building on
Marion_J._Lamb
Division of the University of Arizona
second-harmonic generation. Professor Willis Lamb: 1955 Nobel Laureate in Physics (former faculty) discoverer of Lamb shift. Professor Harrison Hooker Barrett:
Wyant College of Optical Sciences
Wyant_College_of_Optical_Sciences
Lagrangian mechanics, Lagrange points – Joseph-Louis Lagrange Lamb shift – Willis Lamb Lambert's cosine law (a.k.a. Lambert's emission law) – Johann Heinrich
Scientific phenomena named after people
Scientific_phenomena_named_after_people
Sound wave which travels along the surface of an elastic material
Göran (2014-07-30). "Designing frequency-dependent relaxation rates and Lamb shifts for a giant artificial atom". Physical Review A. 90 (1) 013837. arXiv:1406
Surface_acoustic_wave
Fashion line
L.A.M.B. is an eyewear line by American singer Gwen Stefani, the lead vocalist of the rock band No Doubt. The line once sold apparel and fashion accessories
L.A.M.B.
2004 studio album by Lamb of God
track, and pitch shift high and low throughout the song. This error is also in the Dolby Atmos mix on Apple Music. On August 30, 2024, Lamb released a 20th
Ashes_of_the_Wake
British spy novels
pushing jobs. They serve under a crude ageing Cold War era agent, Jackson Lamb, and will do anything to get back into the game. Herron's books have sold
Slough_House_(novel_series)
LAMB SHIFT
LAMB SHIFT
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of Lamb 1 and 2.English : from an Old Norse personal name Lambi, from lamb ‘lamb’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Lum.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Of dark lips.
Boy/Male
Australian
Cute
Boy/Male
Arabic, German, Muslim
Shining
Boy/Male
Muslim
Lamb
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : from Middle English lamb, Middle High German lamp ‘lamb’; a nickname for a meek and inoffensive person, or a metonymic occupational name for a keeper of lambs. As a German name particularly, it may also have been a habitational name for someone who lived at a house distinguished by the sign of the paschal lamb.English : from a short form of the personal name Lambert.
Boy/Male
Australian, Norse
Son of Thorbjorn the Feeble
Girl/Female
Scottish
Lamb.
Boy/Male
Indian
Lamb
Boy/Male
Muslim
Lamb
Girl/Female
Australian, Vietnamese
Jungle; Dense Forest
Girl/Female
Indian
Flame
Girl/Female
Arabic, Indian, Muslim, Pashtun, Sanskrit
Flame; Large; Spacious; Tall; Another Name for Durga and Lakshmi
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Darkness of lips
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Lum.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Flame
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, French, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
Darkness of Lips
Girl/Female
Swedish Hebrew
Lamb.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English lamb, a nickname for a meek and inoffensive person, or a metonymic occupational name for a keeper of lambs. See also Lamm.English : from a short form of the personal name Lambert.Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Luain (see Lane 3). MacLysaght comments: ‘The form Lamb(e), which results from a more than usually absurd pseudo-translation (uan ‘lamb’), is now much more numerous than O’Loan itself.’Possibly also a translation of French agneau.
LAMB SHIFT
LAMB SHIFT
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Mileham.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Lotus eyed
Girl/Female
Muslim
Music Rhythm
Female
Egyptian
, the great, or, the first.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Chinese, Christian, French, German, Greek, Latin
Nobility; Similar to Alice; Noble Sort
Girl/Female
British, English, Hindu, Indian
Daughter; Radiance; Shadow
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit
God
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Biblical priest.
Male
Portuguese
Galician-Portuguese form of Latin Johannes, XOÃN means "God is gracious."
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Swift; Fleet; Wind; Sun
LAMB SHIFT
LAMB SHIFT
LAMB SHIFT
LAMB SHIFT
LAMB SHIFT
n.
A lamb.
v. i.
To bring forth a lamb or lambs, as sheep.
n.
A post (generally a pillar of iron) supporting a lamp or lantern for lighting a street, park, etc.
v. t.
To make lame.
superl.
To some degree disabled by reason of the imperfect action of a limb; crippled; as, a lame man.
n.
A small lamb.
n.
The young of the sheep.
n.
A cade lamb; a lamb brought up by hand.
v. t.
To deprive of the use of a limb, particularly of a leg or foot; to lame.
imp. & p. p.
of Lamb
n.
A lamb.
n.
A simple, unsophisticated person; in the cant of the Stock Exchange, one who ignorantly speculates and is victimized.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Lamb
n.
Figuratively, anything which enlightens intellectually or morally; anything regarded metaphorically a performing the uses of a lamp.
n.
Any person who is as innocent or gentle as a lamb.
v. t.
See Lam.
superl.
Moving with pain or difficulty on account of injury, defect, or temporary obstruction of a function; as, a lame leg, arm, or muscle.
n.
A device or mechanism for producing light by electricity. See Incandescent lamp, under Incandescent.