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Since William the Conqueror claimed the English throne, succession has been determined by bequest, battle, primogeniture, and parliament. On his deathbed
History of the English and British line of succession
History_of_the_English_and_British_line_of_succession
successions of the English crown British prince British princess Family tree of the British royal family History of the English and British line of succession
Succession to the British throne
Succession_to_the_British_throne
1701–1714 European great power conflict
The War of the Spanish Succession was a conflict between the European great powers, fought between 1701 and 1714. The death of the childless Charles II
War_of_the_Spanish_Succession
Post-1688 claim of succession of the British crowns
Monument to the Royal Stuarts The Jacobite succession is the line through which Jacobites believe that the crowns of England, Scotland, and Ireland should
Jacobite_succession
British throne History of the English and British line of succession Cokayne, George Edward; Gibbs, Vicary; Doubleday, Arthur (1913), The Complete Peerage
List of heirs to the English throne
List_of_heirs_to_the_English_throne
1740–1748 war between European powers
The War of the Austrian Succession, 1740 to 1748, was a conflict between the European great powers, fought primarily in Europe, the Atlantic Ocean and
War of the Austrian Succession
War_of_the_Austrian_Succession
realistic prospect of fulfilment, although every English and, later, British monarch, from Edward to George III, styled themselves king or queen of France until
English claims to the French throne
English_claims_to_the_French_throne
British history provides several opportunities for alternative claimants to the English and later British Crown to arise, and historical scholars have
Alternative successions to the English and British Crown
Alternative_successions_to_the_English_and_British_Crown
The following is the Jacobite line of succession to the English and Scottish thrones as of the death of Anne, Queen of Great Britain, on 1 August 1714
Jacobite line of succession to the English and Scottish thrones in 1714
Jacobite_line_of_succession_to_the_English_and_Scottish_thrones_in_1714
Spouses of British monarchs
British royal consorts A royal consort is the spouse of a reigning monarch. Consorts of British monarchs have no constitutional status or power but many
List of British royal consorts
List_of_British_royal_consorts
English civil rights legislation
rights and changed the succession to the English Crown. It remains a crucial statute in English constitutional law. Largely based on the ideas of political
Bill_of_Rights_1689
The history of the English monarchy covers the reigns of English kings and queens from the 9th century to 1707. The English monarchy traces its origins
History of the English monarchy
History_of_the_English_monarchy
Act of the Parliament of England
daughters Mary and Elizabeth to the line of the succession behind their half-brother Edward. Born in 1537, Edward was the son of Henry VIII and his third wife
Third_Succession_Act
The history of the monarchy of the United Kingdom and its evolution into a constitutional and ceremonial monarchy is a major theme in the historical development
History of the monarchy of the United Kingdom
History_of_the_monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom
British monarchs There have been 13 British monarchs since the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, which occurred on
List_of_British_monarchs
Act of the Parliament of England
Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession. Succession to the British throne Alternative successions of the English and British crown Start of session
First_Succession_Act
from succession to the throne. In 1707, the kingdoms of England and Scotland were merged to create the Kingdom of Great Britain, and in 1801, the Kingdom
Monarchy of the United Kingdom
Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom
British act of Parliament
The Succession to the Crown Act 2013 (c. 20) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that altered the laws of succession to the British throne
Succession to the Crown Act 2013
Succession_to_the_Crown_Act_2013
Proposed legislation to determine the legal line of succession
Royal Succession bills and acts are laws or pieces of proposed legislation to determine the legal line of succession to the Monarchy of the United Kingdom
Royal succession bills and acts
Royal_succession_bills_and_acts
of Great Britain rather than king). Alternative successions to the English and British Crown Bretwalda Demise of the Crown Heptarchy History of the English
List_of_English_monarchs
Electress of Hanover from 1692 to 1698
once removed, Queen Anne, to the British throne. The succession to the throne has since been composed entirely of, and legally defined as, Sophia's legitimate
Sophia_of_Hanover
Sequence of people entitled to hold a high office if it is vacated
An order, line or right of succession is the line of individuals necessitated to hold a high office when it becomes vacated, such as head of state or an
Order_of_succession
Inheritance by the eldest, usually male, child
century of the thrones of Luxembourg and the Netherlands, both subject to semi-Salic law, resulted from the fact that the Luxembourg line of succession went
Primogeniture
Nobility in the United Kingdom
The British nobility is made up of the peerage and the gentry of the British Isles. Though the UK is today a constitutional monarchy with strong democratic
British_nobility
Timeline of British history (1500–1599) Timeline of British history (1600–1699) Timeline of the English Reformation and Development of the Anglican Church
Timeline of the English Reformation
Timeline_of_the_English_Reformation
Topics referred to by the same term
History of the English and British line of succession This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title List of heirs to the English and
List of heirs to the English and British thrones
List_of_heirs_to_the_English_and_British_thrones
British princess (born 1990)
birth, Eugenie was sixth in the line of succession to the British throne and is 12th as of 2026[update]. Eugenie was born at the Portland Hospital in London
Princess_Eugenie
18th century Succession wars for the Polish Commonwealth
the succession to Augustus II the Strong, which the other European powers widened in pursuit of their own national interests. France and Spain, the two
War_of_the_Polish_Succession
Frankish civil law code
agnatic succession had become a cornerstone of the French royal succession; they had upheld it in the Hundred Years' War with the English, and it had produced
Salic_law
Act of the English parliament disqualifying Catholics from succeeding to the crown
The Act of Settlement (12 & 13 Will. 3. c. 2) is an act of the Parliament of England passed in 1701 that settled the succession to the English and Irish
Act_of_Settlement_1701
Mechanism of succession in France between 486 and 1870
Succession to the French throne covers the mechanism by which the French crown passed from the establishment of the Frankish Kingdom in 486 to the fall
Succession to the French throne
Succession_to_the_French_throne
presumptive in British history at 70 years, 214 days. Succession to the British throne List of heirs to the English throne List of heirs to the Scottish throne
List of heirs to the British throne
List_of_heirs_to_the_British_throne
Personal union of the kingdoms of Scotland, England, and Ireland from 1603
question of Tudor fertility or the lack thereof entered directly into the political arena. Margaret's line was excluded from the English succession though
Union_of_the_Crowns
Warship of 17th–19th centuries
ship of the line is a type of naval warship constructed during the Age of Sail from the 17th century to the mid-19th century. The ship of the line was
Ship_of_the_line
1290-1292 succession dispute in Scotland
through a line of firstborn sons. The decision was accepted by the majority of the powerful in Scotland, and John ruled as King of Scots from then
Competitors for the Crown of Scotland
Competitors_for_the_Crown_of_Scotland
List of mistresses to English and British monarchs
In the English or British court, a royal mistress is a woman who is the lover of a member of the royal family; specifically, the king. She may be taken
English and British royal mistresses
English_and_British_royal_mistresses
Member of the British royal family (born 2003)
Elizabeth II, and at the time of her birth was eighth in the line of succession to the British throne; as of 2026, she is 18th. Lady Louise Alice Elizabeth Mary
Lady_Louise_Windsor
British princess (born 1988)
in the line of succession to the British throne, she is ninth as of 2026. Beatrice was educated at St George's School, Ascot, before reading history at
Princess_Beatrice
British businessman and peer (born 1961)
King Charles III. When he was born, he was fifth in the line of succession to the British throne; as of 2026[update], he is 27th. David Albert Charles Armstrong-Jones
David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon
David_Armstrong-Jones,_2nd_Earl_of_Snowdon
Territories ruled by the Kingdom of England
The English overseas possessions, sometimes referred to as the English Empire, comprised a variety of overseas territories and colonies that were conquered
English_overseas_possessions
Queen of Great Britain and Ireland from 1702 to 1714
Mary and Anne second and third in the line of succession after their father. There is every indication that, throughout Anne's early life, she and her
Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain
Political controversy in England (1558–1603)
rejected. The will of Elizabeth's father, Henry VIII, had named one male and six females living at his death in 1547 as the line of succession: (1) his
Succession_to_Elizabeth_I
Conflict prompted by individuals claiming rightful leadership of a monarchy
A war of succession is prompted by a succession crisis in which two or more individuals claim to be the rightful successor to a deceased or deposed monarch
War_of_succession
British artist and royal family member (born 1996)
of Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon, and a great-nephew of Queen Elizabeth II. As of 2026, he is 31st in the line of succession to the British throne
Samuel_Chatto
Sovereign state in Western Europe (1707–1801)
England and the Parliament of Scotland. Queen Anne (r. 1702–1714) did not produce a clear Protestant heir and endangered the line of succession, with the laws
Kingdom_of_Great_Britain
covers the main points of British (and English) foreign policy from 1485 to the early 21st century. Henry VII becomes king (1485–1509), founding the Tudor
Timeline of British diplomatic history
Timeline_of_British_diplomatic_history
Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics List of British monarchs, British monarchs' family tree Timeline of English history Timeline of British diplomatic
History_of_England
Position in the United States Cabinet from 1789 to 1947
secretary of war was in the line of succession to the presidency, after the vice president of the United States, the speaker of the House of Representatives
United States Secretary of War
United_States_Secretary_of_War
British princess
the line of succession upon the birth of Prince Louis in April 2018, making her the first British princess in history to rank above a brother in the line
Princess Charlotte of Wales (born 2015)
Princess_Charlotte_of_Wales_(born_2015)
Social structure of British society
British society today. British society, like its European neighbours and most societies in world history, was traditionally (before the Industrial Revolution)
Social class in the United Kingdom
Social_class_in_the_United_Kingdom
War between France and a European coalition (1688–1697)
British pay. Also known as War of the Grand Alliance, War of the League of Augsburg, War of the Palatine Succession, or War of the English Succession
Nine_Years'_War
War of succession
declared the Duchy should revert to the Holy Roman Empire on the extinction of its male line of succession). However, the citizens of Milan and several
Milanese_War_of_Succession
Canadian statute changing royal succession
Kingdom's 2013 changes to the rules of succession to the British throne. It was passed by the Parliament of Canada as Bill C-53, and received royal assent
Succession to the Throne Act, 2013
Succession_to_the_Throne_Act,_2013
conflicts erupted due to succession disputes and territorial claims. Wars like the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) and the Napoleonic Wars (1799–1815)
International relations (1648–1814)
International_relations_(1648–1814)
British freelance writer (born 1981)
she was 18th in the line of succession to the British throne; as of August 2026, she is 58th. As a great-grandchild of King George V and Queen Mary, she
Lady_Gabriella_Kingston
Family of the British monarch
of state are required to fulfil the role, with eligibility restricted to the sovereign's spouse and the first four people in the line of succession over
British_royal_family
British jewelry designer and relative of the royal family (born 2002)
the line of succession to the British throne. Armstrong-Jones was a bridesmaid at the wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton in 2011 and accompanies
Lady Margarita Armstrong-Jones
Lady_Margarita_Armstrong-Jones
1896 military conflict in East Africa
Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini on 25 August 1896 and the subsequent succession of Sultan Khalid bin Barghash. The British authorities preferred Hamoud bin Mohammed
Anglo-Zanzibar_War
British royal family
proclamation stated that the name of the Royal House and all British descendants of Victoria and Albert in the male line were to bear the name of Windsor, except
House_of_Windsor
English screenwriter and producer (born 1970)
(born 13 December 1970) is an English screenwriter and producer. Known for writing for a string of critically acclaimed British comedy series as well as satirical
Jesse_Armstrong
Proposed political union of the two states
The Franco-British Union (French: Union franco-britannique) was a proposed union in the 20th century to unite the United Kingdom and the French Republic
Franco-British_Union
Political movement to replace the United Kingdom's monarchy with a republic
British republicans seek to replace the United Kingdom's monarchy with a republic led by an elected head of state. Monarchy has been the form of government
Republicanism in the United Kingdom
Republicanism_in_the_United_Kingdom
the history of British nationality law. British nationality law has its origins in medieval England. There has always been a distinction in English law
History of British nationality law
History_of_British_nationality_law
1858–1947 Crown rule in India
000. The curriculum followed classical British standards of the sort set by Oxford and Cambridge and stressed English literature and European history. Nevertheless
British_Raj
List of significant events in the history of England
of English history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in England and its predecessor states. To read about the background
Timeline_of_English_history
Queen of England and Ireland from 1553 to 1558
first wife, Catherine of Aragon. She was declared illegitimate and barred from the line of succession following the annulment of her parents' marriage
Mary_I
Holy Roman edict allowing royal inheritance by Charles VI's daughter Maria Theresa
Charles and Joseph, Leopold's sons, signed the Mutual Pact of Succession, granting succession rights to the daughters of Joseph and Charles in the case of complete
Pragmatic_Sanction_of_1713
King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689 to 1702
exhaustion of the defined line of succession would have encouraged a restoration of James II's line, the English Parliament passed the Act of Settlement 1701,
William_III_of_England
Army of the Kingdom of England from 1661 to 1707
Great Britain and abroad, including the Second and Third Anglo-Dutch wars, Nine Years' War and War of the Spanish Succession. The first English marines
English_Army
British royal family member (born 1964)
was 7th in line to the British throne; as of 2026 she is 30th. Though she does not undertake public duties, she frequently attends events and ceremonies
Lady_Sarah_Chatto
Coastline in Central America
after the local Miskito nation and was long dominated by British interests and known as the Mosquito Kingdom or Moskito Kingdom. From 1860 suzerainty of the
Mosquito_Coast
King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 to 1727
inheritance of territory was restricted to the male line, so the succession of George and his brothers to the territories of their father and uncle now
George_I_of_Great_Britain
British people of sub-Saharan African descent
Black British people are a multi-ethnic group of British people of either African or Afro-Caribbean origin and in some cases Indo-Caribbean descent. The term
Black_British_people
1500–1557 war of succession between nobles of the Holy Roman Empire
Within the Holy Roman Empire, the War of the Katzenelnbogen Succession (German: Katzenelnbogener Erbfolgekrieg; Dutch: Katzenelnbogische Successieoorlog)
War of the Katzenelnbogen Succession
War_of_the_Katzenelnbogen_Succession
British cruise line
The Cunard Line (/ˈkjuːnɑːrd/, KEW-nard) is a British shipping company and an international cruise line based at Carnival House at Southampton, England
Cunard_Line
Formal investiture and crowning ceremony
coronation of another. The coronation of Charles III and Camilla in 2023 broke with that precedent and 16 foreign monarchs attended. English and British queens
Coronation of the British monarch
Coronation_of_the_British_monarch
This is a timeline of British history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the United Kingdom and its predecessor
Timeline_of_British_history
Invasions of the British Isles have occurred several times throughout their history. The British Isles have been subject to several waves of invasion and settlement
Invasions of the British Isles
Invasions_of_the_British_Isles
King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727 to 1760
1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, and jointly accepted the succession as laid down by the English Act of Settlement. George's father did not
George_II_of_Great_Britain
This is a list of wars of succession in Europe. Note: Wars of succession in transcontinental states are mentioned under the continents where their capital
List of wars of succession in Europe
List_of_wars_of_succession_in_Europe
Sequence of rulers considered members of the same family
in the line of succession to the British crown, making him a British dynast. On the other hand, since he is not a patrilineal member of the British royal
Dynasty
King of Spain (1700–1724; 1724–1746)
Succession, Philip V instigated many important reforms in Spain, most especially the centralization of power of the monarchy and the suppression of regional
Philip_V_of_Spain
Chronology of UK nobility
The history of the British peerage, a system of nobility found in the United Kingdom, stretches over the last thousand years. The current form of the
History of the British peerage
History_of_the_British_peerage
1746 British attempt to capture the town
September to 10 October 1746 during the War of the Austrian Succession. It was planned as an attempt to force the French to withdraw their forces from Flanders
Raid_on_Lorient
The history of the Caribbean reveals the region's significant role in the colonial struggles of the European powers since the 15th century. In the modern
History_of_the_Caribbean
Succession begins. 1707 – Kingdom of Great Britain is formed. Scottish and English armies merged to create the British Army. 1722 – Royal Regiment of
Timeline_of_the_British_Army
Battle between English and Normans in 1066
Peacehaven The Battle of Hastings was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon
Battle_of_Hastings
unifying of thirteen British colonies and creation of the United States in 1783, during the American War of Independence. Native Americans lived in the territory
Colonial history of the United States
Colonial_history_of_the_United_States
Period of history of the island of Great Britain
early modern British history include numerous wars, especially with France, along with the English Renaissance, the English Reformation and Scottish Reformation
Early_modern_Britain
English Presbyterians and, later, Methodists, grew outside of the established church. People in Roman Britain typically believed in a wide range of gods
History of Christianity in Great Britain
History_of_Christianity_in_Great_Britain
17th-century British prince
in the line of succession to the English and Scottish thrones. Edgar was born on 14 September 1667 at St James's Palace and baptized there with the Duke
Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge
Edgar_Stuart,_Duke_of_Cambridge
Pre-independence history of Pakistan
The history of Pakistan preceding the country's independence in 1947 is shared with that of Afghanistan, India, and Iran. Spanning the western expanse
History_of_Pakistan
Title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Should the direct male line of succession from the first Duke of Wellington become extinct, the dukedom and its subsidiary titles in the British peerage
Duke_of_Wellington_(title)
Law of Thailand
The Palace Law of Succession, Buddhist Era 2467 (1924) (Thai: กฎมณเฑียรบาลว่าด้วยการสืบราชสันตติวงศ์ พระพุทธศักราช ๒๔๖๗; RTGS: Kot Monthian Ban Wa Duai
1924_Palace_Law_of_Succession
The British Empire comprised British dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories. It began with the overseas possessions and trading
British_Empire
British princess (born 1936)
until his death in 2004. At the time of her birth, she was sixth in the line of succession to the British throne; as of 2026[update], she is 59th. Alexandra
Princess_Alexandra_of_Kent
The history of the British Virgin Islands is usually, for convenience, broken up into five separate periods: Pre-Columbian Amerindian settlement, up to
History of the British Virgin Islands
History_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands
1709 battle of the War of the Spanish Succession
The Battle of Malplaquet took place on 11 September 1709 during the War of the Spanish Succession, near Taisnières-sur-Hon in France, then part of the
Battle_of_Malplaquet
16th-century English politician
of Cakeham, near West Wittering, Sussex, was an English lawyer and politician. Erneley was the son and heir of Sir John Ernley, Lord Chief Justice of
William_Erneley
Theory of continuous nonconformist Christian Church
authority which led to the birth of the Roman Catholic Church and to theological errors. Groups often included in the succession line are Montanists, Novationists
Baptist_successionism
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
HISTORY OF-THE-ENGLISH-AND-BRITISH-LINE-OF-SUCCESSION
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