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Electric power transmission system
A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system uses direct current (DC) and high voltages (currently between 100 kV and 800 kV) for electric power transmission
High-voltage_direct_current
Unidirectional flow of electric charge
areas. High-voltage direct current is used to transmit large amounts of power from remote generation sites or to interconnect alternating current power
Direct_current
Electrical potential that is large enough to cause damage or injury
(IET, IEEE, VDE, etc.) define high voltage as above 1000 V for alternating current, and at least 1500 V for direct current. in IEC 61140. In the United
High_voltage
Electric current that periodically reverses direction
simply alternating and direct, respectively, as when they modify current or voltage. The usual waveform of alternating current in most electric power
Alternating_current
infrastructure. The case for alternating current was not clear at the turn of the century and high voltage direct current transmission systems were successfully
History of electric power transmission
History_of_electric_power_transmission
Cable used for electric power transmission at high voltage
A high-voltage cable (HV cable), sometimes called a high-tension cable (HT cable), is a cable used for electric power transmission at high voltage. A cable
High-voltage_cable
provides the path for protective current to leave the anodes and enter to electrolyte. In a high-voltage direct-current transmission system, each converter
Groundbed
Type of electrical rectifier with a liquid cathode
electrical rectifier used for converting high-voltage or high-current alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It is a type of cold cathode gas-filled
Mercury-arc_valve
Subfield of electrical engineering
Liberation of the Working Class. In 1936 the first commercial high-voltage direct current (HVDC) line using mercury-arc valves was built between Schenectady
Power_engineering
Series of electrical grids that power the US and Canada
generating capacity. Interconnections can be tied to each other via high-voltage direct current power transmission lines (DC ties), or with variable-frequency
North American power transmission grid
North_American_power_transmission_grid
Type of solid-state switch
ranging from light dimmers and electric motor speed control to high-voltage direct-current power transmission. Thyristors may be used in power-switching
Thyristor
Device that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC)
Hundreds of thousands of volts, where the inverter is part of a high-voltage direct current power transmission system. An inverter may produce a square wave
Power_inverter
HVDC power line in the United States
electricity from the Pacific Northwest to the Los Angeles area using high voltage direct current (HVDC). The line capacity is 3.1 gigawatts, which is enough to
Pacific_DC_Intertie
Switchgear used in power systems above 1000 volts
are more economical, there are however high voltage disconnectors for direct current connections. High-voltage switchgear was invented at the end of the
High-voltage_switchgear
2009 American action film
Crank: High Voltage (alternately titled Crank 2: High Voltage) is a 2009 American action film written and directed by Neveldine/Taylor, and stars Jason
Crank:_High_Voltage
Linear circuit that produces an output voltage that is a fraction of its input voltage
alternating current frequencies. For direct current and relatively low alternating current frequencies, a voltage divider may be sufficiently accurate
Voltage_divider
Bulk movement of electrical energy
either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). To increase the efficiency of long-distance electric power transmission, the voltage is often increased
Electric_power_transmission
Type of substation
terminal equipment for a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line. It converts direct current to alternating current or the reverse. In addition
HVDC_converter_station
Form of alternating current
higher power through a given volume without the expense of a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter at each end of the line. However, they require
Three-phase_electric_power
Electrical device that converts AC to DC
supplies and high-voltage direct current power transmission systems. Rectification may serve in roles other than to generate direct current for use as a
Rectifier
Electricity converter
HVDC converter converts electric power from high voltage alternating current (AC) to high-voltage direct current (HVDC), or vice versa. HVDC is used as an
HVDC_converter
Machinery used to adjust conditions on the electric power transmission grid
facilitating the switchover between power grids and alongside high-voltage direct current converter stations and providing power grid stabilization by
Synchronous_condenser
Electric power transmission system
Manitoba Bipole, is an electric power transmission system of three high voltage, direct current lines in Manitoba, Canada, operated by Manitoba Hydro as part
Nelson River DC Transmission System
Nelson_River_DC_Transmission_System
Electrical potential between unexpected places
Small voltages often exist between two grounded objects in separate locations by the normal current flow in the power system. Contact voltage is a better
Stray_voltage
Type of lower-voltage electricity most commonly provided by utilities
combinations of voltage and utility frequency were formerly used, with frequencies between 25 Hz and 133 Hz and voltages from 100 V to 250 V. Direct current (DC)
Mains_electricity
Structure enabling energy to flow between networks
the 2,210 km (1,370 mi) Hami - Zhengzhou delivering 8 GW of high voltage direct current power. The longest proposed connector is the 3,800 km (2,400 mi)
Interconnector
Specialized powerline in HVCD technology
An electrode line is used in some high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) power transmission systems, to connect the converter stations to distant ground electrodes
Electrode_line
HVDC transmission line in Brazil
The HVDC Itaipu is a high-voltage direct current overhead line transmission system in Brazil from the Itaipu hydroelectric power plant to the region of
HVDC_Itaipu
Organization planning to install solar panels in the Sahara
but also exported to industrial regions, e.g., by means of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC). Energy partnerships are intended to enable development
Desertec
First Television Broadcast in Western Canada 1954 – Gotland High Voltage Direct Current Link 1954 – Parametron 1955 – WEIZAC Computer 1956 – RAMAC 1956
List_of_IEEE_Milestones
Interconnected network for delivering electricity to consumers
interconnection, or they may share power without synchronization via high-voltage direct current power transmission lines (DC ties), or with variable-frequency
Electrical_grid
High-voltage direct current transmission system in China
The Xiangjiaba–Shanghai HVDC system is a ±800 kV, 6400 MW high-voltage direct current transmission system in China. The system was built to export hydro
Xiangjiaba–Shanghai HVDC system
Xiangjiaba–Shanghai_HVDC_system
Electrical equipment
development of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) conversion and transmission, which used power electronics to convert AC to direct current (DC) to enable
Flexible AC transmission system
Flexible_AC_transmission_system
Submarine power cables
The Eastern Green Links are a number of planned submarine high voltage direct current power cables from the east coast of Scotland to Northeast England
Eastern_Green_Links
Electrostatic generator operating on the triboelectric effect
Because it moves charge mechanically, it supplies high voltage direct current at very low current. American physicist Robert J. Van de Graaff invented
Van_de_Graaff_generator
International power transmission system centred in Quebec, Canada
Quebec, Canada. The system pioneered the use of very high voltage 735-kilovolt (kV) alternating current (AC) power lines that link the population centres
Hydro-Québec's electricity transmission system
Hydro-Québec's_electricity_transmission_system
Swiss pioneer in electrical engineering
pioneer in electrical engineering. He was known for his work with high voltage direct current electricity transmission and was known in the professional world
René_Thury
Power grid in western North America
Great Plains. Interconnections can be tied to each other via high-voltage direct current power transmission lines (DC ties) such as the north-south Pacific
Western_Interconnection
Regional electrical grid
interconnection, or they may share power without synchronization via high-voltage direct current power transmission lines (DC ties), solid-state transformers
Wide_area_synchronous_grid
HVDC interconnection between Ethiopia and Kenya
Sodo–Moyale–Suswa High Voltage Power Line (or Ethiopia–Kenya HVDC Interconnector) is a 500 kV bipolar high-voltage direct current electricity power transmission
Sodo–Moyale–Suswa High Voltage Power Line
Sodo–Moyale–Suswa_High_Voltage_Power_Line
1880s-1890s electric power transmission system dispute
arc lamp street lighting running on high-voltage alternating current (AC), and large-scale low-voltage direct current (DC) indoor incandescent lighting
War_of_the_currents
American manufacturer, 1946–2005
High Voltage Engineering Corporation (HVEC) was an American manufacturer of particle accelerators and one of the first venture capital-backed startups
High Voltage Engineering Corporation
High_Voltage_Engineering_Corporation
electromechanical device, invented in Britain in the 1920s, to produce high-voltage direct current from AC sources for efficient power distribution over long-distance
Transverter
Swedish electrical engineer and inventor
engineer and inventor. He was sometimes called "The Father of High Voltage Direct Current" power transmission. During his career, Lamm obtained 150 patents
Uno_Lamm
Supply energy using single wire with earth as return
larger isolated loads such as water pumps. It is also used for high-voltage direct current over submarine power cables. Electric single-phase railway traction
Single-wire_earth_return
Building containing the valves of static inverters of a HVDC plant
building which contains the valves of the static inverters of a high-voltage direct current plant. The valves consist of thyristors, or at older plants,
Valve_hall
First commercial static high voltage direct current transmission system
(German: Elbe-Projekt) was the name of the first commercial, static high voltage direct current transmission system constructed in the world. The scheme was
Elbe_Project
Process in power generation
synchronized. A direct current (DC) generator can be connected to a power network simply by adjusting its open-circuit terminal voltage to match the network's
Synchronization (alternating current)
Synchronization_(alternating_current)
Technology of power electronics
mercury valve with grading electrodes making them suitable for high-voltage direct current power transmission. In 1933 selenium rectifiers were invented
Power_electronics
Electronic component
these hazards. High-voltage capacitors may benefit from a pre-charge to limit in-rush currents at power-up of high voltage direct current (HVDC) circuits
Capacitor
Electrical interconnector between the UK and France
between France and the United Kingdom. The 204-kilometre (127 mi) high voltage direct current (HVDC) cable operates at +/-320kV with the capacity to transmit
IFA-2
Type of electronic circuit
circuit or electromechanical device that converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another DC. It is a type of electric power converter
DC-to-DC_converter
long-distance ultra-high-voltage direct current (UHVDC) and ultra-high-voltage alternating current (UHVAC) transmission installing high-efficiency amorphous
Ultra-high-voltage electricity transmission in China
Ultra-high-voltage_electricity_transmission_in_China
High-voltage direct current transmission link in Philippines
HVDC Leyte–Luzon is a high-voltage direct current transmission link in the Philippines between geothermal power plants on the islands of Leyte and Luzon
HVDC_Leyte–Luzon
ones. high-voltage direct current A system for power transmission that uses high DC voltages for reasons of economy or stability. high-voltage switchgear
Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering
Glossary_of_electrical_and_electronics_engineering
Electrical transmission system in New Zealand
The HVDC Inter-Island link is a 610 km (380 mi) long, 1200 MW high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system connecting the electricity networks
HVDC_Inter-Island
India and Sri Lanka. The project involves the construction of a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) connection between Madurai in southern India, and Mannar
India–Sri Lanka HVDC Interconnection
India–Sri_Lanka_HVDC_Interconnection
American businessman (born 1961)
Clean Line Energy, an independent developer of long-distance, high voltage direct current transmission lines, until 2018. Skelly's work at Clean Line is
Michael_Peter_Skelly
Undersea power transmission line from the Italian mainland to Sardinia
SAPEI, is a high-voltage direct current power transmission system that connects Sardinia with the Italian mainland. The submarine cable from Fiume Santo
SAPEI
Four-layer solid-state current-controlling device
turn-off thyristor High-voltage direct current Insulated-gate bipolar transistor Integrated gate-commutated thyristor Snubber Voltage regulator Moll, J
Silicon_controlled_rectifier
HVDC back-to-back station in Japan
Shin Shinano Hendensho) is the designation of a back-to-back high-voltage direct current (HVDC) facility in Japan which forms one of four frequency converter
Shin-Shinano Frequency Converter
Shin-Shinano_Frequency_Converter
Semiconductor device capable of handling large amounts of electricity
milliwatts for a headphone amplifier, up to around a gigawatt in a high-voltage direct current transmission line. The first electronic device used in power
Power_semiconductor_device
Low amounts of electrical volts
The ripple-free direct current requirement only applies to 120 V DC, not to any DC voltage above that. For example, a direct current that is exceeding
Low_voltage
European synchronous transmission grid
continental Europe frequency, but it is interconnected using high-voltage direct current (HVDC) via the HVDC Cross-Channel (IFA), BritNed, Nemo Link,
Continental Europe Synchronous Area
Continental_Europe_Synchronous_Area
Electronic device that converts or regulates electric energy and supplies it to a load
purpose of a power supply is to convert electric current from a source to the correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load. As a result, power
Power_supply
Electronic measuring instrument that combines several measurement functions in one unit
multiple electrical properties. A typical multimeter can measure voltage, resistance, and current, in which case can be used as a voltmeter, ohmmeter, and ammeter
Multimeter
The Cross-Sound Cable is a 25-mile (40 km) long bipolar high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine power cable between New Haven, Connecticut and Shoreham
Cross_Sound_Cable
Energy storage system using flywheels
voltage motors via a DC intermediate circuit and the power converter systems are comparable to those found in plants used in the high-voltage direct current
Flywheel_storage_power_system
Four-terminal thyristor semiconductor device
continuous gate drive. The device also had important limitations: Lower current and voltage ratings than many SCR devices. Slower switching compared with modern
Silicon-controlled_switch
project controversy involved years of protest against a proposed high-voltage direct current powerline that was erected on the property of hundreds of farmers
CU_project_controversy
Electrical transmission line in Southwestern United States
Intermountain or the Southern Transmission System (STS), is a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) electrical transmission line running from the Intermountain
Path_27
Power cable between Norway and the Netherlands
NorNed is a 580-kilometre (360 mi) long high-voltage direct current submarine power cable between Feda, Norway and the seaport of Eemshaven in the Netherlands
NorNed
Proposed subsea electricity connector between the UK and France
submarine power cable between England and France. The 1,400 MW high-voltage direct current connector would link Kingsnorth National Grid substation in north
Gridlink_Interconnector
European Union directive
designed for use with a voltage rating of between 50 and 1 000 V for alternating current and between 75 and 1 500 V for direct current, other than the equipment
Low_Voltage_Directive
Power line under construction between France and Ireland
The Celtic Interconnector is a 700 MW high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine power cable under construction between the southern coast of Ireland
Celtic_Interconnector
Tendency of AC current flow in a conductor's outer layer
distribution systems. It is one of the reasons for preferring high-voltage direct current for long-distance power transmission. The effect was first described
Skin_effect
Mode in powerlines during the power up procedure
powerline voltages in a high voltage DC application is a preliminary mode which limits the inrush current during the power up procedure. A high-voltage system
Pre-charge
De-energized high-voltage direct current interconnection
(secondary coordinates) HVDC Vancouver Island is a de-energized high-voltage direct current interconnection owned by BC Hydro that runs between Arnott Substation
HVDC_Vancouver_Island
Proposed transmission line in midwestern U.S.
The Rock Island Clean Line was a proposed 500-mile high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line. The stated purpose of the line was to transport
Rock_Island_Clean_Line
HVDC connector between Germany and Denmark
Kontek HVDC is a 170-kilometre (110 mi) long, monopolar 400 kV high-voltage direct current cable between Germany and the Danish island Zealand. Its name
Kontek
Electrical standard designed to protect against electric shock
Extra-low voltage (ELV) is an electricity supply voltage and is a part of the low-voltage band in a range which carries a low risk of dangerous electrical
Extra-low_voltage
Automatic circuit protection device
varying current ratings, from devices that protect low-current circuits or individual household appliances, to switchgear designed to protect high-voltage circuits
Circuit_breaker
Wind farm in New Mexico, US
Pinal county in south-central Arizona. It consists of two 525 kV high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines with a total capacity of 3,000 MW of
SunZia_Wind_and_Transmission
This is a list of high voltage (above 150 kV) AC electrical transmission lines. This list is incomplete. For high-voltage direct current, both underground
List of high-voltage underground and submarine cables
List_of_high-voltage_underground_and_submarine_cables
interface (EMS-API) IEC TS 61973 High voltage direct current (HVDC) substation audible noise IEC 61975 High-voltage direct current (HVDC) installations – System
List_of_IEC_standards
Power grid in eastern North America
most of Texas). Interconnections can be tied to each other via high-voltage direct current power transmission lines (DC ties), or with variable-frequency
Eastern_Interconnection
HVDC underground power line in Australia
Murraylink is an Australian high voltage direct current electricity transmission link between Berri, South Australia and Red Cliffs, Victoria, connecting
Murraylink
hundred kilometers at zero resistance and nearly no line loss. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines have the capability of transmitting similar wattages
SuperGrid_(hydrogen)
HVDC transmission line in the United Kingdom
The Western HVDC Link is a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) undersea electrical link in the United Kingdom, between Hunterston in Western Scotland and
Western_HVDC_Link
Systems to distribute electricity
beyond the nineteenth century. In 1936 the first experimental high voltage direct current (HVDC) line using mercury arc valves was built between Schenectady
Electric_power_system
Submarine HVDC interconnector between the UK and Ireland
Greenlink is a 190 km long 500 MW high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine power cable between County Wexford in Ireland and Pembrokeshire in Wales
Greenlink
Wide-area electricity transmission network
F. Kennedy authorized a large public works project using new high-voltage, direct current technology from Sweden. The project was undertaken as a close
Super_grid
Electrical device designed to produce short high-voltage or high-current surges
high-voltage or high-current surges. Such devices can be classified into two types: impulse voltage generators and impulse current generators. High impulse
Impulse_generator
Regional electric energy reliability organization
Saskatchewan and Manitoba in Canada. The MRO has four of the six high-voltage direct current ties which connect the Eastern Interconnection to the Western
Midwest Reliability Organization
Midwest_Reliability_Organization
HVDC plant in Sweden
east coast, was the first fully commercial static plant for high-voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) in the world. The first HVDC Gotland link
HVDC_Gotland
Electrical interconnector between the UK and France
ElecLink is a 1,000 MW high-voltage direct current (HVDC) electrical interconnector between the United Kingdom and France, passing through the Channel
ElecLink
Regional electric energy reliability organization
the rest of the NPCC and Eastern Interconnection through four high voltage direct current ties. At the time of its formation in 1966, NPCC had 22 utility
Northeast Power Coordinating Council
Northeast_Power_Coordinating_Council
HVDC transmission system in Canada and the United States
Radisson - Nicolet - Des Cantons circuit) is a long-distance high-voltage direct current (HVDC) line between Radisson, Quebec and Westford Road in Ayer
Quebec – New England Transmission
Quebec_–_New_England_Transmission
HVDC transmission line in Brazil
Xingu-Rio HVDC transmission line is a 2543.4 km long 800 kV high-voltage direct current transmission line in Brazil between the Xingu substation at the
Xingu-Rio HVDC transmission line
Xingu-Rio_HVDC_transmission_line
HVDC transmission line in Brazil
The Rio Madeira HVDC system is a high-voltage direct current transmission system in Brazil, built to export power from new hydro power plants on the Madeira
Rio_Madeira_HVDC_system
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HIGH VOLTAGE-DIRECT-CURRENT
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