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Philosophical concept
In the philosophy of mind, the hard problem of consciousness (or simply the hard problem) is to explain how and why organisms have qualia, phenomenal
Hard_problem_of_consciousness
Complexity class
computational complexity theory, a computational problem H is called NP-hard if, for every problem L which can be solved in non-deterministic polynomial-time
NP-hardness
Topics referred to by the same term
Hard problem may refer to: The Hard Problem, a 2015 play by Tom Stoppard Hard problems, in computational complexity theory Hard problem of consciousness
Hard_problem
2015 play by Tom Stoppard
The Hard Problem is a play by Tom Stoppard, first produced in 2015. The title refers to the hard problem of consciousness, which Stoppard defines as having
The_Hard_Problem
View that mind is a ubiquitous feature of reality
associated with the rise of logical positivism. Recent interest in the hard problem of consciousness and developments in the fields of neuroscience, psychology
Panpsychism
Unsolved problem in computer science
problem in NP. NP-hard problems are those at least as hard as NP problems; i.e., all NP problems can be reduced (in polynomial time) to them. NP-hard
P_versus_NP_problem
Irish actor
National Theatre in January 2015 to play Spike in Sir Tom Stoppard's The Hard Problem, which ran until 17 May 2015 and also had a worldwide broadcast via NT
Damien_Molony
NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization
NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization, important in theoretical computer science and operations research. The travelling purchaser problem, the
Travelling_salesman_problem
Ability to make choices voluntarily
some, "Intricately related to the hard problem of consciousness, the hard problem of free will represents the core problem of conscious free will: Does conscious
Free_will
compatible to another person's in terms of structure and ratio. The hard problem of consciousness is the question of what consciousness is and why we
List of philosophical problems
List_of_philosophical_problems
Thought experiment in philosophy
against forms of physicalism and in defense of the hard problem of consciousness, which is the problem of accounting in physical terms for subjective, intrinsic
Philosophical_zombie
interpretation of dreams. Knowing the brain basis of consciousness reduces the Hard problem of consciousness in a significant way while the provision of an alternative
Dream_consciousness
Theory within consciousness research
inevitable existence of consciousness) eventually runs into the so-called "hard problem". Rather than try to start from physical principles and arrive at consciousness
Integrated_information_theory
Problem of communication when asking for help
involving substitution of an easy problem in place of a hard problem Einstellung effect – Predisposition to solve a problem in a specific manner even though
XY_problem
NP-complete problem in computer science
is NP-hard, but can be solved efficiently in practice. The partition problem is a special case of two related problems: In the subset sum problem, the
Partition_problem
Conscious event, perception or practical knowledge
theories. In metaphysics, experience is involved in the mind–body problem and the hard problem of consciousness, both of which try to explain the relation between
Experience
Mathematical problem in operations research
optimization problem in mathematics that arises from applications in industry. In terms of computational complexity, the problem is an NP-hard problem reducible
Cutting_stock_problem
2021 book by Anil Seth
Seth's position on the hard problem of consciousness to fall in the middle between the two positions of either finding the hard problem to be meaningful or
Being You: A New Science of Consciousness
Being_You:_A_New_Science_of_Consciousness
Combinatorial optimization problem
problem with a wide range of applications from finance and economics to machine learning. QUBO is an NP hard problem, and for many classical problems
Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization
Quadratic_unconstrained_binary_optimization
American actor (born 1978)
Records The Hard Problem By Tom Stoppard At UCLA". BroadwayWorld. Retrieved November 16, 2019. Cahill, Eddie (November 11, 2019). "The Hard Problem by Tom
Eddie_Cahill
Branch of philosophy
mind–body problem is a paradigmatic issue in philosophy of mind, although a number of other issues are addressed, such as the hard problem of consciousness
Philosophy_of_mind
Unrelated vertices in graphs
. The optimization problem of finding such a set is called the maximum independent set problem. It is a strongly NP-hard problem. As such, it is unlikely
Independent set (graph theory)
Independent_set_(graph_theory)
Australian philosopher and cognitive scientist (born 1966)
Academy of Arts and Sciences. Chalmers is best known for formulating the hard problem of consciousness, and for popularizing the philosophical zombie thought
David_Chalmers
Optimization problem in computer science
lattice-based cryptosystems: lattice problems are an example of NP-hard problems which have been shown to be average-case hard, providing a test case for the
Lattice_problem
Problem in combinatorial optimization
The traveling purchaser problem (TPP) is an NP-hard problem studied in operations research and theoretical computer science. Given a list of marketplaces
Traveling_purchaser_problem
Unsolved problem in computational complexity theory
solution to a GI-hard problem would yield a polynomial-time solution to the graph isomorphism problem (and so all problems in GI). A problem X {\displaystyle
Graph_isomorphism_problem
NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization
The ring star problem (RSP) is a NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization. In a complete weighted mixed graph, the ring star problem aims to find
Ring_star_problem
American actor
the theater in 2016, when she played the role of Cathy Krohl in The Hard Problem at the Studio Center in Washington, D.C. At age 13 in 2018, she reprised
Katie_Beth_Hall
Open question in philosophy of how abstract minds interact with physical bodies
because consciousness has yet to be shown to be a process, and the "hard problem" of relating consciousness directly to brain activity remains elusive
Mind–body_problem
Problem that is difficult or impossible to solve
In planning and policy, a wicked problem is a problem that is difficult or impossible to solve because of incomplete, contradictory, and changing requirements
Wicked_problem
Thought experiment on artificial intelligence
such questions as the mind–body problem, the problem of other minds, the symbol grounding problem, and the hard problem of consciousness. Searle identified
Chinese_room
English actress
centre stage again at National Theatre Live in Tom Stoppard's play The Hard Problem as Hilary. In 2015, Vinall was nominated for Best Supporting Performance
Olivia_Vinall
Decision problem in computer science
SSP is NP-hard. The complexity of the best known algorithms is exponential in the smaller of the two parameters n and L. The problem is NP-hard even when
Subset_sum_problem
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
security to a known hard problem would have a provable security reduction of the Merkle tree signature to that known hard problem. The Post-Quantum Cryptography
Post-quantum_cryptography
mathematical problems, but on an ad-hoc constructions, in which the bits of the message are mixed to produce the hash. These are then believed to be hard to break
Security of cryptographic hash functions
Security_of_cryptographic_hash_functions
Philosophical position on the mind-body problem
philosophical position proposing that the hard problem of consciousness cannot be resolved by humans. The unresolvable problem is how to explain the existence of
New_mysterianism
Ascribing an impossible property to a thing
Professor of Philosophy at the City University of New York, argues that the "hard problem of consciousness", as expressed by David Chalmers and others, rests on
Category_mistake
American cognitive psychologist and popular science author
terms of scientific explanation. Hoffman proposes a solution to the hard problem of consciousness by adopting the converse view that consciousness causes
Donald_D._Hoffman
Hypothetical process of digitally emulating a brain
described by Alexey Turchin. The main philosophical problem faced by mind uploading is the hard problem of consciousness: the difficulty of explaining how
Mind_uploading
Class of metaphysical theories in the philosophy of mind
mind–body problem and the hard problem of consciousness. The mind–body problem is the problem of explaining how mind relates to matter. The hard problem is a
Neutral_monism
Totality of psychological phenomena
mind–body problem by arguing that it is based on an artificial dichotomy not present in the phenomenological description of experience. The hard problem of consciousness
Mind
Model of consciousness
address the deeper problem of its nature, of what consciousness is, and of how any mental process whatsoever can be conscious: the hard problem of consciousness
Global_workspace_theory
Problem caused by profanity filters on the Internet
The Scunthorpe problem is the unintentional blocking of online content by a spam filter, search engine or wordfilter because the text contains a string
Scunthorpe_problem
Problem in cryptography
motivation for this problem is that many security systems use one-way functions: mathematical operations that are fast to compute, but hard to reverse. For
Diffie–Hellman_problem
Ability to readily identify logical or mathematical truth
potentially infinite nature of logical intuition posited by Gödel and the hard problem of consciousness posited by David Chalmers suggest that the realms of
Logical_intuition
Epistemological problem
consciousness Binding problem Boltzmann brain Brain in a vat Chinese room Dream argument Ethics of uncertain sentience Explanatory gap Hard problem of consciousness
Problem_of_other_minds
Awareness of internal and external existence
understanding P-consciousness is much more challenging: he calls this the hard problem of consciousness. Some philosophers believe that Block's two types of
Consciousness
Hypothesis in computational complexity theory
that a problem has some hard instance (the problem is hard in the worst-case) is useless because it does not provide us with a way of generating hard instances
Computational hardness assumption
Computational_hardness_assumption
Branch of computational complexity theory
allows the classification of NP-hard problems on a finer scale than in the classical setting, where the complexity of a problem is only measured as a function
Parameterized_complexity
Subtopic of natural language processing in artificial intelligence
deals with machine reading comprehension. NLU has been considered an AI-hard problem. There is considerable commercial interest in the field because of its
Natural language understanding
Natural_language_understanding
Religious belief
neurobiologist and philosopher Owen Flanagan in his 2007 book The Really Hard Problem: Meaning in a Material World. Flanagan defines Jesusism as the "message"
Jesuism
Type of AI with wide-ranging abilities
AGI developers before the test is administered. A problem is informally called "AI-complete" or "AI-hard" if it is believed that AGI would be needed to solve
Artificial general intelligence
Artificial_general_intelligence
On domino tiling after removing two corners
relaxation. In 1964, John McCarthy proposed the mutilated chessboard as a hard problem for automated proof systems, formulating it in first-order logic and
Mutilated_chessboard_problem
Process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles
Problem solving is the process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles, a frequent part of most activities. Problems in need of solutions range from
Problem_solving
American writer
Mind. Key subjects of Conscious include free will, panpsychism and the hard problem of consciousness. In March 2025 she published her audio documentary series
Annaka_Harris
Subfield of mathematical optimization
find near-optimal solutions to hard problems. The usual decision version is then an inadequate definition of the problem since it only specifies acceptable
Combinatorial_optimization
Subset of a graph's vertices, including at least one endpoint of every edge
graph. In computer science, the problem of finding a minimum vertex cover is a classical optimization problem. It is NP-hard, so it cannot be solved by a
Vertex_cover
Combinatorial optimization problem
other to be placed close together. The problem is NP-hard, so there is no known algorithm for solving this problem in polynomial time, and even small instances
Quadratic_assignment_problem
Inherent difficulty of computational problems
of a problem being hard for a complexity class. A problem X {\displaystyle X} is hard for a class of problems C {\displaystyle C} if every problem in C
Computational complexity theory
Computational_complexity_theory
Type of computational problem
possible to define FNP-hard problems analogous to NP-hard problems: A problem R {\displaystyle R} is FNP-hard if every problem in FNP can be reduced to
Function_problem
Provider of information for software testing
known as the oracle problem or test oracle problem, which some consider a relatively hard problem, and involves working with problems related to controllability
Test_oracle
Subdivision of vertices into disjoint sets
and maximum cut problems. Typically, graph partition problems fall under the category of NP-hard problems. Solutions to these problems are generally derived
Graph_partition
2019 book by Philip Goff
presents a defense of the theory of panpsychism as the solution to the hard problem of consciousness. The title of the book refers to Galileo inaugurating
Galileo's_Error
On short connecting nets with added points
giving rise to a multitude of Steiner tree problem variants. Most versions of the Steiner tree problem are NP-hard, but some restricted cases can be solved
Steiner_tree_problem
British actor
Twelfth Night (2017) as Malvolio at the Royal Exchange, Manchester The Hard Problem (2015) Stephen Ward the Musical (2013–2014) Private Lives (2013) My Fair
Anthony_Calf
American actor
January 2019, O'Shea played the role of Spike in Tom Stoppard's The Hard Problem at the Lincoln Center. In November 2020, O'Shea was cast in a recurring
Christopher_O'Shea
2014 book by Stanislas Dehaene
consciousness but feels that the hard problem remains unresolved. Like Kalat, Hutson finds Dehaene's dismissal of the hard problem unjustified because consciousness
Consciousness_and_the_Brain
Problem a computer might be able to solve
each city exactly once and returns to the origin city." It is an NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization, important in operations research and theoretical
Computational_problem
Type of regression analysis
is an NP-hard problem. Nevertheless, if the sought-for equation is not too complex it is possible to solve the symbolic regression problem exactly by
Symbolic_regression
Unanswered question in the study of consciousness
binding problem is the problem of how objects, background, and abstract or emotional features are combined into a single experience. The binding problem refers
Binding_problem
Study of general and fundamental questions
functional or causal roles they play. The mind-body problem is closely related to the hard problem of consciousness, which asks how the physical brain
Philosophy
complexity, an NP-complete (or NP-hard) problem is weakly NP-complete (or weakly NP-hard) if there is an algorithm for the problem whose running time is polynomial
Weak_NP-completeness
1996 philosophy book by David Chalmers
they claim to have solved the "hard problem of consciousness", when really all they have solved are certain "easy problems of consciousness". Chalmers believes
The_Conscious_Mind
Operations research problem, paradigm of constrained scheduling problems
the nurse scheduling problem in its current form was introduced in two parallel publications in 1976. It is known to have NP-hard complexity. Conventionally
Nurse_scheduling_problem
Interdisciplinary scientific study of cognitive processes
Chalmers, who advocates Dualism and is also known for articulating the hard problem of consciousness, and Douglas Hofstadter, famous for writing Gödel, Escher
Cognitive_science
British actor (born 1953)
London, and in 2015 in the world premiere production of Stoppard's The Hard Problem. Jonathan Coy at IMDb The Unseen Hook at the Internet Movie Database
Jonathan_Coy
Observation that perception requires more computation than reasoning
of thirty-five years of AI research is that the hard problems are easy and the easy problems are hard". By the 2020s, in accordance with Moore's law,
Moravec's_paradox
Hypothetical internal cognitive symbol that represents external reality
about the nature of phenomenal character, and offers a solution to the hard problem of consciousness. In contrast to this, weak representationalism does
Mental_representation
Hindu monk
he reflects on contributions of Vedanta to the conversation on the Hard problem of consciousness. Fortune India mentions Sarvapriyananda as "one of the
Swami_Sarvapriyananda
Methodic assignment of colors to elements of a graph
Vertex coloring is often used to introduce graph coloring problems, since other coloring problems can be transformed into a vertex coloring instance. For
Graph_coloring
Theories proposing consciousness as an electromagnetic phenomenon
consciousness. Chalmers is skeptical that any new physics can resolve the hard problem of consciousness. He argues that quantum theories of consciousness suffer
Electromagnetic theories of consciousness
Electromagnetic_theories_of_consciousness
American sci-fi television series
3 Body Problem is an American science fiction television series created by David Benioff, D. B. Weiss, and Alexander Woo. It is the third adaptation of
3_Body_Problem_(TV_series)
Instances of subjective experience
as a refutation of physicalism, and in defense of the hard problem of consciousness (the problem of accounting for, in physical terms, subjective, intrinsic
Qualia
Lattice-based cryptosystem
cryptosystem makes use of the fact that the closest vector problem can be a hard problem. This system was published in 1997 by Oded Goldreich, Shafi
GGH_encryption_scheme
Inability to describe conscious experiences in solely physical or structural terms
explanation for experience and qualia) is known as "the hard problem". The hardness of the problem is such that mysterians believe it can never be solved
Explanatory_gap
Minimum-cost tree with exactly k vertices
this tree is NP-hard, but it can be approximated to within a constant approximation ratio in polynomial time. The input to the problem consists of an undirected
K-minimum_spanning_tree
Task of computing complete subgraphs
the clique problem also has many applications in bioinformatics, and computational chemistry. Most versions of the clique problem are hard. The clique
Clique_problem
1988 film by John McTiernan
Die Hard is a 1988 American action film directed by John McTiernan and written by Jeb Stuart and Steven E. de Souza, based on the 1979 novel Nothing Lasts
Die_Hard
Unicode character
Hard hyphen Non-breaking space Word divider Word joiner Zero-width space Word wrap Jukka Korpela (January 2011). "Soft hyphen (SHY) – a hard problem?"
Soft_hyphen
Research into the problem of consciousness
Neurophenomenology refers to a scientific research program aimed at addressing the hard problem of consciousness in a pragmatic way. It combines neuroscience with phenomenology
Neurophenomenology
Problem of finding the best feasible solution
find near-optimal solutions to hard problems. The usual decision version is then an inadequate definition of the problem since it only specifies acceptable
Optimization_problem
Problem in combinatorial optimization
The knapsack problem is the following problem in combinatorial optimization: Given a set of items, each with a weight and a value, determine which items
Knapsack_problem
If there is a polynomial time algorithm for unambiguous-SAT, then NP equals RP
implies that the Boolean satisfiability problem, which is NP-complete, remains a computationally hard problem even if the input instances are promised
Valiant–Vazirani_theorem
American software industry commentator
of them", told them "I'm smarter than you" and then "gave them an NP-hard problem and went home". He later told critics of these tweets to "get into Google
Patrick_Shyu
Class of algorithms that find approximate solutions to optimization problems
algorithms that find approximate solutions to optimization problems (in particular NP-hard problems) with provable guarantees on the distance of the returned
Approximation_algorithm
However, artificial intelligence for a game such as Magic is an extremely hard problem, and such software usually must be continuously updated to stay current
Magic: The Gathering video games
Magic:_The_Gathering_video_games
Study of fundamental reality
are both derivative phenomena. A key aspect of the mind–body problem is the hard problem of consciousness or how to explain that physical systems like
Metaphysics
Probability of shared birthdays
In probability theory, the birthday problem asks for the probability that, in a set of n randomly chosen people, at least two will share the same birthday
Birthday_problem
Problem in computer science
In computability theory, the halting problem is the decision problem of determining, from a description of an arbitrary computer program and an input
Halting_problem
Artificial intelligence (AI) program
AlphaGeometry is an artificial intelligence (AI) program that can solve hard problems in Euclidean geometry. The system comprises a data-driven large language
AlphaGeometry
HARD PROBLEM
HARD PROBLEM
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Hearts Feelings
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and French
English, Scottish, and French : nickname for a brave or
foolhardy man, from Old French, Middle English hardi ‘bold’,
‘courageous’ (of Germanic origin; compare Hard 1).Irish : in addition to being an importation of the English name,
this is also found as an Anglicized form (by partial translation) of
Gaelic Mac Giolla Deacair ‘son of the hard lad’.Scottish : variant spelling of Hardie 2.Bearers of the surname Hardy from Anjou and Normandy, France, are documented
in Quebec City in 1669. The secondary surnames Châtillon,
Female
Japanese
(1-晴, 2-春, 3-陽) Japanese unisex name HARU means 1) "clear up," 2) "spring," or 3) "sun, sunlight."
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Midlands)
English (chiefly Midlands) : variant spelling of Heard.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Heard.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Arabic, Australian, British, Christian, English, German, Irish, Jamaican, Teutonic
Bard; Surname; Guardian; Watchman
Surname or Lastname
English and North German
English and North German : from a personal name or nickname meaning ‘stag’, Middle English hert, Middle Low German hërte, harte.German : variant spelling of Hardt 1 and 2.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : ornamental name or a nickname from German and Yiddish hart ‘hard’.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó hAirt ‘descendant of Art’, a byname meaning ‘bear’, ‘hero’. The English name became established in Ireland in the 17th century.French : from an Old French word meaning ‘rope’, hence possibly a metonymic occupational name for a rope maker or a hangman.Dutch : nickname from Middle Dutch hart, hert ‘hard’, ‘strong’, ‘ruthless’, ‘unruly’.This name was brought independently to New England by many bearers from the 17th century onward. Stephen Hart was one of the founders of Hartford, CT, (coming from Cambridge, MA, with Thomas Hooker) in 1635.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Yorkshire and Northumbria), also Scottish
English (chiefly Yorkshire and Northumbria), also Scottish : variant spelling of Heard.
Boy/Male
British, Danish, Dutch, English, Swedish
Hard Strength; Firm; Brave; Hardy; Strong
Male
English
 English occupational surname transferred to forename use, derived from Old English weard, WARD means "guard, watchman."Â
Male
Japanese
(1-晴, 2-春, 3-陽) Japanese unisex name HARU means 1) "clear up," 2) "spring," or 3) "sun, sunlight." Compare with another form of Haru.
Male
German
Short form of German Harman, HARM means "bold/hardy man." In use by the Dutch.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Old English personal name Heard or a Norman cognate Hard(on), also of Germanic origin. This was a byname meaning ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, but it also seems to have been used as a short form of the various compound names containing this as a first element. Occasionally this may also be a variant of Hardy.English, German, Dutch, and Swedish (Hård) : nickname for a stern or severe man, from Middle English, Middle Low German hard, Middle Dutch hart, hert, Swedish hård ‘hard’, ‘inflexible’. The Swedish name was probably originally a soldier’s name.English : topographic name for someone who lived on a patch of particularly hard ground or one that was difficult to farm. Compare Hardacre.Dutch : occupational name from Middle Dutch harde, herde ‘herder’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Chard or South Chard in Somerset, recorded in Domesday Book as Cerdren, possibly from Old English ceart ‘rough heathland’ + ærn ‘building’, ‘dwelling’. In some instances the surname may have arisen simply as a topographic name from ceart.French : from the personal name Chard, a short form of Richard;French : habitational name for someone from Chard in the department of Creuse.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Hearts feeling, Main, Meaning
Male
Hindi/Indian
(हरि) Hindi name HARI means "he who takes away." In Hindu mythology, this is a name borne by Vishnu.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the possessive case of the personal name Hard, denoting a son or servant of someone called Hard.
Male
English
Pet name for longer English names containing Hard- or Hart-, HARDY means "brave, hardy, strong."Â
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : nickname for someone with a deformed hand or who had lost one hand, from Middle English hand, Middle High German hant, found in such appellations as Liebhard mit der Hand (Augsburg 1383).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : nickname from German Hand ‘hand’ (see 1).Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Flaithimh (see Guthrie), resulting from an erroneous association of the Gaelic name with the Gaelic word lámh ‘hand’. It is used as an English equivalent for several other names of Gaelic origin too, e.g. Claffey, Glavin, and McClave.Dutch : from a variant of hont ‘dog’, ‘hound’, either a derogatory nickname, or a habitational name for someone living at a house distinguished by the sign of a dog.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Herd.Respelling of Swedish HÃ¥rd (see Hard 2).
HARD PROBLEM
HARD PROBLEM
Male
Hebrew
(× Öµ×¡) Hebrew name NES means "miracle."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Senior
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Mears.Dutch : topographic name from meers(ch) denoting lush, alluvial land by a watercourse.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly a variant of Hinch.
Biblical
one that speaks of secrets
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Gentle Child
Girl/Female
Tamil
Janavika | ஜநாவிகா
Dispeller of ignorance, One who gathers knowledge
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Lily. In the apocryphal Book of Tobit Susannah courageously defended herself against wrongful...
Girl/Female
Tamil
Speech
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Indian, Kannada
Jasmine's Fragrance
HARD PROBLEM
HARD PROBLEM
HARD PROBLEM
HARD PROBLEM
HARD PROBLEM
superl.
Difficult to accomplish; full of obstacles; laborious; fatiguing; arduous; as, a hard task; a disease hard to cure.
a.
Having hard hands, as a manual laborer.
a.
Of a harsh or stern countenance; hard-featured.
superl.
Difficult to please or influence; stern; unyielding; obdurate; unsympathetic; unfeeling; cruel; as, a hard master; a hard heart; hard words; a hard character.
a.
Hard-featured; ill-looking; as, Vulcan was hard-favored.
superl.
Difficult to bear or endure; not easy to put up with or consent to; hence, severe; rigorous; oppressive; distressing; unjust; grasping; as, a hard lot; hard times; hard fare; a hard winter; hard conditions or terms.
superl.
Not easily penetrated, cut, or separated into parts; not yielding to pressure; firm; solid; compact; -- applied to material bodies, and opposed to soft; as, hard wood; hard flesh; a hard apple.
adv.
With difficulty; as, the vehicle moves hard.
superl.
Difficult, mentally or judicially; not easily apprehended, decided, or resolved; as a hard problem.
n.
A plant; chard.
superl.
Not easy or agreeable to the taste; stiff; rigid; ungraceful; repelling; as, a hard style.
n.
The hard wing case of a beetle.
superl.
Rough; acid; sour, as liquors; as, hard cider.
a.
Having hard or strong hands; as, a hard-fisted laborer.
adv.
With tension or strain of the powers; violently; with force; tempestuously; vehemently; vigorously; energetically; as, to press, to blow, to rain hard; hence, rapidly; as, to run hard.
v. t.
To harden; to make hard.
a. Vigorously
contested; as, a hard-fought battle.
v. t.
To comb with a card; to cleanse or disentangle by carding; as, to card wool; to card a horse.
superl.
Wanting softness or smoothness of utterance; harsh; as, a hard tone.
v. t.
To confine (cattle) to the yard; to shut up, or keep, in a yard; as, to yard cows.