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Type of train
A ground-effect train is a conceptualized alternative to a magnetic levitation (maglev) train. In both cases the objective is to prevent the vehicle from
Ground-effect_train
Topics referred to by the same term
surface of the Earth due to ground effect Ground-effect train, an alternative to a magnetic levitation train, using ground effect in aircraft to prevent the
Ground_effect
Special vehicle to fly in air just above sea or ground
A ground-effect vehicle (GEV), ekranoplan (from Russian: экранопла́н "screenglider"), wing-in-ground-effect (WIGE or WIG), ground-effect craft/machine
Ground-effect_vehicle
Aerodynamic principle
In car design, ground effect is a series of effects that have been exploited in automotive aerodynamics to create downforce, particularly in racing cars
Ground_effect_(cars)
Viceroy Seaglider Ground effect vehicle Ground effect train Aron Flying Ship Ltd., M80/M50 Sungwoo Engineering Wing in the Ground Effect Ship Wing Ship Technology
List of ground-effect vehicles
List_of_ground-effect_vehicles
Type of high-speed train
with wings, using the efficient generation of lift from the wing-in-ground-effect. Launched in 2007, the Franco-Brazilian initiative Fultrace (an acronym
Hovertrain
Mode of transport
trains Electric–steam locomotive – Steam locomotive with boiler heated electrically Environmental design in rail transportation Ground-effect train –
Rail_transport
New technologies actively in development
9 January 2012. Retrieved 7 December 2011. "Robot plane-train uses ground-effect principle to levitate". Wired. 12 May 2011. Archived from the original
List_of_emerging_technologies
Experimental vehicle
Paris-Orléans railway. Duke University Medical Center Patient Rapid Transit Ground effect train Hovertrain Huntsville Hospital Tram System Minneapolis–St. Paul Airport
Aérotrain
Japanese maglev system
to allow testing of ground effect trains, an alternate technology based on aerodynamic interaction between the train and the ground, at the Miyazaki Test
SCMaglev
Air cushion vehicle
unique in that they can lift themselves while still, differing from ground effect vehicles and hydrofoils that require forward motion to create lift.
Hovercraft
Forced-air flow inside a tunnel caused by moving vehicles
platform screen doors installed) when a train is approaching is air flow from the piston effect. The effect is less pronounced in road vehicle tunnels
Piston_effect
Proposed mode of passenger and freight transportation
Hyperloop propulsion system. Trains portal Transport portal Engineering portal Gravity train Gravity-vacuum transit Ground-effect train High-speed rail Kantrowitz
Hyperloop
British experimental train
kept within the museum at Railworld Wildlife Haven. Trains portal Hyperloop Ground-effect train Maglev (transport) Aérotrain At least according to Alan
Tracked_Hovercraft
Proposed ground effect fixed-wing aircraft under study
Boeing Pelican ULTRA (Ultra Large Transport Aircraft) was a proposed ground effect fixed-wing aircraft under study by Boeing Phantom Works in the early
Boeing_Pelican
Apparent force in a rotating reference frame
effect can be considered in three cases: when the train travels west, when it is at rest, and when it travels east. In each case, the Coriolis effect
Coriolis_force
2004 American science fiction thriller film
The Butterfly Effect is a 2004 American science fiction thriller film written and directed by Eric Bress and J. Mackye Gruber. It stars Ashton Kutcher
The_Butterfly_Effect
Russian future very large wing-in-ground-effect, lifting-body cargo aircraft
integrated circuit (HTA-IC)) is a project by TsAGI for a very large wing-in-ground-effect, lifting-body cargo aircraft with a take-off weight of 1000 tons, a
TTS-IS
High-capacity public transport
trains used on the deep tube lines. Historically, rapid transit trains used ceiling fans and openable windows to provide fresh air and piston-effect wind
Rapid_transit
Train system using magnetic levitation
systems using linear induction motors Electromagnetic suspension Ground-effect train Hyperloop Land speed record for rail vehicles Launch loop would be
Maglev
American actress (born 1982)
working with the World Bank on a two-year development program called The Girl Effect, with the mission of empowering girls around the world. In 2013, she narrated
Anne_Hathaway
Photography technique
sight, such as a long train receding from view, again photographed at a small angle to the ground, because parts of the train that are obviously at considerably
Miniature_faking
Spacecraft without people on board
antennas, transmitters and receivers. These may be used to communicate with ground stations on Earth, or with other spacecraft. The supply of electric power
Uncrewed_spacecraft
How one process influences another
process, state, or object (i.e., an effect) where the cause is at least partly responsible for the effect, and the effect is at least partly dependent on
Causality
Deliberate death by means of a railway vehicle
by train, is deliberate self-harm resulting in death by means of impact from a moving rail vehicle. The suicide occurs when an approaching train hits
Rail_suicide
American author and filmmaker (1942–2008)
land-based temperature measurements for the urban heat island effect, and satellite vs. ground-based measurements of Earth's warming. I will spare the reader
Michael_Crichton
Class of train protection systems for railways
Automatic train control (ATC) is a general class of train protection systems for railways that involves a speed control mechanism in response to external
Automatic_train_control
Aircraft designed for training of pilots and aircrew
vulnerability, even small numbers of weapons-carrying trainer aircraft may achieve a disproportionate effect due to the element of surprise, especially when
Trainer_aircraft
Illegal act of riding on the outside of a moving train
Train surfing (also known as train hopping, train hitching, or subway surfing) is the act of riding on the outside of a moving train, tram, or other form
Train_surfing
2023 train collision in Greece, killing 57 people
the ground, completely destroyed. The other wagons continued to move, but activation of the brakes (manually by the driver of the freight train, automatically
Tempi_train_crash
Part of the Delhi-Kolkata high-speed rail network
- Varanasi bullet train project: LiDAR(Aerial Ground) survey starts". Agarwal, Anshu. "Delhi-Varanasi High-Speed Corridor: Ground Survey Conducted Through
Delhi–Varanasi high-speed rail corridor
Delhi–Varanasi_high-speed_rail_corridor
Fastest rail-based transport systems
freight trains on the slower railway. Trains portal Ground-effect train Inter-city rail List of high-speed railway lines List of high-speed trains Maglev
High-speed_rail
Air missions coordinated with ground combat
effect on friendly and hostile forces alike. Moreover, unlike massive, indiscriminate artillery strikes, small aerial bombs would not render ground untrafficable
Close_air_support
1993 video game
(to mow down ground troops, on both sides if timed poorly), infantry (jacks of all trades to operate on and in between trains, attack ground troops, set
Transarctica
Series of children's books written by Cressida Cowell
How to Train Your Dragon is a series of children's books written by the British author Cressida Cowell. The books are set in a fictional Fantasy Viking
How to Train Your Dragon (novel series)
How_to_Train_Your_Dragon_(novel_series)
Rapid transit system in New York City
in effect, all above-ground stations would be closed and all above-ground service suspended, except at 125th Street and Broadway, where 1 trains would
New_York_City_Subway
Ground vibration boom is a phenomenon of very large increase in ground vibrations generated by high-speed railway trains travelling at speeds higher than
Ground_vibration_boom
Preparing astronauts for space missions
for space missions. The training is categorized into five objectives to train the astronauts on the general and specific aspects: basic training, advanced
Astronaut_training
1951 film by Alfred Hitchcock
Strangers on a Train is a 1951 American psychological thriller film noir produced and directed by Alfred Hitchcock, and adapted by Raymond Chandler and
Strangers_on_a_Train_(film)
Inter-city railway in Yucatán peninsula, Mexico
Tren Maya (Yucatec Maya: Tsíimin K'áak', sometimes also Mayan Train or Maya Train) is a 1,554 km-long (966 mi) inter-city railway in Mexico that traverses
Tren_Maya
English actor (1940–2026)
who got what he wanted. It was said that when he strode onto the parade ground, birds stopped singing. It was many, many years before I realised how my
Patrick_Stewart
1999 film by the Wachowskis
Matrix popularized terms such as the red pill, as well as a novel visual effect known as "bullet time" in which a character's heightened perception is represented
The_Matrix
Form of mantra meditation
a comparable effect on general psychological wellbeing as other meditation techniques. TM practice may lower blood pressure, an effect comparable with
Transcendental_Meditation
Annual sports festival held in Pakistan
Tribune. 23 June 2025. Retrieved 5 July 2025. Mulliner, Tim (2006). Ground Effect - an excerpt from T. Mulliner's book Long Ride for a Pie. ISBN 1-86966-135-4
Shandur_Polo_Festival
2009 video game
Train Simulator Classic (originally RailWorks and Train Simulator) is a train simulation game developed by Dovetail Games. It is the successor to Rail
Train_Simulator_Classic
Repeating pattern of swirling vortices
can be found in the museum of the San Domenico church in Bologna. Coandă effect – Tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to a surface of any form Eddy
Kármán_vortex_street
Land forces of the Russian Armed Forces
Russian Ground Forces, also known as the Russian Army, are the land forces of the Russian Armed Forces. The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Forces
Russian_Ground_Forces
Robbery in Ledburn, England
The Great Train Robbery was the robbery of £2.61 million (worth about £49.67 million in 2026) from a Royal Mail train travelling from Glasgow to London
Great_Train_Robbery_(1963)
2013 oil train crash in Québec, Canada
been needed to secure the train. Had there been a two-man crew, either both locomotive crew, or one locomotive crew and one ground crew, they would have been
Lac-Mégantic_rail_disaster
Public transportation accident in Wenzhou, China
The Wenzhou train collision was a railway accident that occurred on 23 July 2011, when a high-speed train travelling on the Yong-Tai-Wen railway line
Wenzhou_train_collision
1989 aviation accident in Iowa
the ground, not one minute of which we had actually practiced, any one of us. So why would I know more about getting that airplane on the ground under
United_Airlines_Flight_232
American World War II heavy flying boat
one mile (1.6 km). At this altitude, the aircraft still experienced ground effect. To Hughes, these tests demonstrated that the now-unneeded plane was
Hughes_H-4_Hercules
The "Caspian Sea Monster", the fastest ground-effect vehicle Ground effect vehicles (a.k.a. "Wing-In-Ground effect vehicles") are classified as maritime
List_of_vehicle_speed_records
Railway trackbed planted with grass or other vegetation
and surrounding area are planted with grass turf or other vegetation as ground cover. It is a popular way of making railways more visually appealing, particularly
Green_track
High-speed rail system of South Korea
as a tunnel effect; it referred to both noise and vibration of the train when traveling through two specific tunnels. The tunnel effect was specifically
KTX
Difference in wind speed or direction over a short distance
phases of the flight of a glider. Wind gradient can have a noticeable effect on ground launches, also known as winch launches or wire launches. If the wind
Wind_shear
Roller coaster at Magic Mountain
train reached a maximum speed of 76 mph (122 km/h). During the initial drop, the seat assembly rotated so that riders faced the ground. A fog effect was
X2_(roller_coaster)
American politician (born 1952)
requiring freight trains to have on board one or more certified conductors and a certified engineer who can collaborate on protecting the train and people living
Sherrod_Brown
Japanese high-speed rail system
[ɕiŋkaꜜɰ̃seɴ] , lit. 'new main line'), colloquially known in English as the bullet train, is a network of primarily high-speed railway lines in Japan. The system
Shinkansen
Branch of engineering
aircraft, and spacecraft. In many cases these functions can be performed by trained humans. However, because of the speed of, for example, a rocket's dynamics
Guidance, navigation, and control
Guidance,_navigation,_and_control
Mathematical model combining space and time
experiment: The red arrow illustrates a train that is moving at 0.4 c with respect to the platform. Within the train, a passenger shoots a bullet with a speed
Spacetime
Spacecraft crew member
(astron), meaning 'star', and ναύτης (nautes), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander
Astronaut
Wife of Edgar Allan Poe (1822–1847)
her death. The illness and eventual death of his wife had a substantial effect on Edgar Allan Poe, who became despondent and turned to alcohol to cope
Virginia_Eliza_Clemm_Poe
Overview of and topical guide to vehicles
Diving bell Diving chamber Dog sled Draisine Electric vehicle Golf cart Ground effect vehicle Handcar Hopper Hovercraft Jet ski Kick scooter Land yacht Launch
Outline_of_vehicles
American politician (born 1982)
disruptions would "continue into next year". On February 3, 2023, a freight train carrying vinyl chloride, butyl acrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate and ethylene
Pete_Buttigieg
Facility from which rockets are launched
A launch pad is an above-ground facility from which a rocket-powered missile or space vehicle is vertically launched. The term launch pad can be used to
Launch_pad
American actor and musician
claiming it always pumped them up, and they dubbed the phenomenon "The Frank Effect". Stallone said of the night, "This is seriously one of the best, best times
Frank_Stallone
Legislative capital of South Africa
were introduced to the Cape. Some of these, including grapes, cereals, ground nuts, potatoes, apples and citrus, had a large and lasting influence on
Cape_Town
Governor of Ohio since 2019
anti-discrimination and skills-based hiring. In February, a Norfolk Southern train derailed in East Palestine; DeWine activated the National Guard and supported
Mike_DeWine
Position of the body used for sexual activities
colloquially called the Ekiben position, after a specific bento lunch box sold at train stations. Alternatively, the receiving partner can face away from the penetrating
Sex_position
Undersea rail tunnel linking France to the UK
cross-passages into the running tunnels, where it is dispersed by the piston effect of the train and shuttle movements. Only one fan on each side is ever running
Channel_Tunnel
Ruitenberg, Rudy (7 June 2024). "France to supply Mirage 2000-5 jets to Ukraine, train pilots". Defense News. Retrieved 7 June 2024. "France to transfer Mirage
List of equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine
List_of_equipment_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine
Burst of electromagnetic energy
circuitry, whether isolated or repetitive (as a pulse train). Electric motors can create a train of pulses as the internal electrical contacts make and
Electromagnetic_pulse
Emperor of Russia from 1894 to 1917
Alexander III and Empress Maria Feodorovna. He was educated privately and trained for military service, but was widely considered ill-prepared for the demands
Nicholas_II
Explosive weapon concept
would cause damage to a target through shock waves travelling through the ground, hence the nickname 'earthquake bombs'. The airmen who dropped the bombs
Earthquake_bomb
Commercial airport serving Metro Manila, Philippines
available at the multi-level parking building of Terminal 3. The nearest train station to NAIA is LRT Line 1's Ninoy Aquino Avenue station, inaugurated
Ninoy Aquino International Airport
Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airport
Antitank, vehicle mine
pin was removed, it was armed, striking the fuze ignited a powder delay train. The mine detonated after a five to ten seconds delay, giving enough time
Type_99_mine
12th episode of the 8th season of The X-Files
investigate. Meanwhile, Scully has to defy the train authorities above ground, who are determined to get the trains up and running within hours. "Medusa" was
Medusa_(The_X-Files)
American video streaming service
Adapted Screenplay, Best Production Design, Best Sound), Clint Bentley's Train Dreams with four nominations (Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best
Netflix
Satellite designed to observe Earth from orbit
will rotate around its polar axis about 25° between successive orbits. The ground track moves towards the west 25° each orbit, allowing a different section
Earth_observation_satellite
developments include the mid-engine layout shift in the late 1950s, ground-effect aerodynamics and turbocharging in the 1970s and 1980s, active suspension
History_of_Formula_One
1945 attacks in Japan during WWII
nuclear weapon. The 509th Composite Group of the U.S. Army Air Forces was trained and equipped with the specialized Silverplate version of the Boeing B-29
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki
American boxer and activist (1942–2016)
was interested in the prospect of fighting. He then began to work with trainer Fred Stoner, whom he credits with giving him the "real training", eventually
Muhammad_Ali
Third planet from the Sun
was used to translate the many senses of Latin terra and Greek gē: the ground, its soil, dry land, the human world, the surface of the world (including
Earth
Species of bird
coloured head with a fan-shaped crest and is best known for his long train. The train is made up of elongated upper-tail covert feathers with colourful eyespots
Indian_peafowl
2021 wildfire in Lytton, British Columbia
of people, vehicles and trains. CN Rail responded to a video that showed one of its trains on fire by saying that the train in that video was 45 kilometres
Lytton_wildfire
King of England from 1509 to 1547
believed to have caused Henry's mood swings, which may have had a dramatic effect on his personality and temperament. The theory that Henry had syphilis has
Henry_VIII
Airport in West Palm Beach, Florida, US
by Florida governor Ron DeSantis the following month. The renaming took effect on July 9, 2026. The IATA code was officially changed from PBI to DJT on
President Donald J. Trump International Airport
President_Donald_J._Trump_International_Airport
Space navigation technique
moving train. Imagine standing on a train platform, and throwing a ball at 30 km/h toward a train approaching at 50 km/h. The driver of the train sees the
Gravity_assist
Capital of England and the United Kingdom
when the Iceni tribe led by Queen Boudica stormed it and burnt it to the ground. The next planned incarnation of Londinium prospered, superseding Colchester
London
1955–1975 war in Southeast Asia
Advisory Group (MAAG) to screen French aid requests, advise on strategy, and train Vietnamese soldiers. By 1954, the US had spent $1 billion in support of
Vietnam_War
Country in West Asia
high-speed rail in Turkey is being extended close to the border. The last train between Syria and Jordan operated in September 2011, and the transitional
Syria
Most populous city in the United States
Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. along the Northeast Corridor, and long-distance train service to other North American cities. The Staten Island Railway rapid
New_York_City
Domesticated species of canid
passed a law banning the distribution and sale of dog meat. It will take effect in 2027, with plans to assist dog farmers in transitioning to other products
Dog
Rapid transit system in British Columbia
SkyTrain is the medium-capacity rapid transit system serving the Metro Vancouver region in British Columbia, Canada. SkyTrain has 79.6 km (49.5 mi) of
SkyTrain_(Vancouver)
list of train-surfing injuries and deaths. Common ways that accidents occur during train-surfing include people falling from the roof of the train, falling
List of train-surfing injuries and deaths
List_of_train-surfing_injuries_and_deaths
Fictional characters appearing in DC Comics
of the Outsiders by overloading his abilities, making him melt into the ground. He literally sinks into the Earth's crust when he loses control of his
Clayface
Supranational political and economic union
(ERTMS) with the goal of greatly enhancing safety, increase efficiency of train transports and enhance cross-border interoperability. This is done by replacing
European_Union
US lightweight low-cost fighter aircraft
aircraft had arrived. This did not leave enough time to properly train local pilots and ground crews to operate them. Hence, the Saudis agreed with Taiwan
Northrop_F-5
Glass with electrically switchable opacity
the basic sandwich structure of the smart window. This structure is in effect a capacitor. Electrodes from a power supply are attached to the transparent
Smart_glass
travel, tourism, insurance
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Effect
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, English
Spear Protector
Surname or Lastname
English (Northumberland and Durham)
English (Northumberland and Durham) : nickname for a vain or haughty man, from Middle English prod, prud ‘proud’ (late Old English prūd, from the oblique form of Old French proz).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Parfitt.
Girl/Female
Swedish
Defender of man.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Gold.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : presumably a variant of Mount.
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Spear Defender
Surname or Lastname
English
English : perhaps an occupational name for a maker of bottles or cups, from Old French gourde ‘water vessel’, ‘flask’, but possibly of the same derivation as 2.French : from Old French gourd ‘heavy’, ‘dull’, ‘sluggish’, hence a nickname for a slow lumbering person.
Boy/Male
Norse
Son of Hrafn the Foolish.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Lancashire)
English (chiefly Lancashire) : probably a Middle English metathesized form of the Old French personal name Gondri, Gundric (see Gundry).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a dealer in coarse meal, Old English grūt, Old Norse grautr ‘porridge’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Round.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained. Compare Grounds.Perhaps an Americanized form of German Grund.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Bond
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English p(o)und ‘enclosure (especially for confining animals)’; a topographic name for someone who lived near an enclosure in which animals were kept, or a metonymic occupational name for an official responsible for rounding up stray animals and placing them in a pound.Probably a translation of German Pfund or the North German cognate Pund.
Boy/Male
Norse
Son of Thori.
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : variant of Brand 1.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained. There are four farms so named in Warwickshire, one in Oxfordshire, and one in Worcestershire, and the surname is most probably derived from one of these.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly West Midlands)
English (chiefly West Midlands) : nickname for a plump person, from Middle English, Old French rond, rund ‘fat’, ‘round’ (Latin rotundus).
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
GROUND EFFECT-TRAIN
n.
An assembly; a group; a circle; as, a round of politicians.
n.
In general: That which is produced by an agent or cause; the event which follows immediately from an antecedent, called the cause; result; consequence; outcome; fruit; as, the effect of luxury.
v. t.
To found; to fix or set, as on a foundation, reason, or principle; to furnish a ground for; to fix firmly.
prep.
On every side of, so as to encompass or encircle; around; about; as, the people atood round him; to go round the city; to wind a cable round a windlass.
a.
Built with groins; as, a groined ceiling; a groined vault.
imp. & p. p.
of Effect
n.
Execution; performance; realization; operation; as, the law goes into effect in May.
adv. & a.
On the ground; stranded; -- a nautical term applied to a ship when its bottom lodges on the ground.
v. t.
To act upon; to produce an effect or change upon.
v. i.
To run aground; to strike the bottom and remain fixed; as, the ship grounded on the bar.
n.
One who effects.
n.
Power to produce results; efficiency; force; importance; account; as, to speak with effect.
v. t.
To cover with a ground, as a copper plate for etching (see Ground, n., 5); or as paper or other materials with a uniform tint as a preparation for ornament.
imp. & p. p.
of Ground
n.
To form a group of; to arrange or combine in a group or in groups, often with reference to mutual relation and the best effect; to form an assemblage of.
v. t.
Infected. Cf. Enfect.
v. t.
To lay, set, or run, on the ground.
superl.
Whole; unbroken; unharmed; free from flaw, defect, or decay; perfect of the kind; as, sound timber; sound fruit; a sound tooth; a sound ship.
v. t.
To affect by groans.
imp. & p. p.
of Grind
travel, tourism, insurance