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As a direct result of the late 2000s recession, some economies in Africa have been primarily affected by reduced global demand and lower prices of commodities
Great_Recession_in_Africa
2007–2009 international economic decline
The Great Recession was a period of market decline in economies around the world (particularly in the western world and associated countries) that occurred
Great_Recession
There have been as many as 48 recessions in the United States dating back to the Articles of Confederation, and although economists and historians dispute
List of recessions in the United States
List_of_recessions_in_the_United_States
The Great Recession in Oceania was the great recession of the late 2000s and early 2010s in Oceania. The Oceanic countries suffered minimal impact during
Great_Recession_in_Oceania
European economic recession
The European recession is part of the Great Recession that began in mid-2007. The crisis spread rapidly and affected much of the region, with several countries
Great_Recession_in_Europe
Major economic downturn in the United States
In the United States, the Great Recession was a severe financial crisis combined with a deep recession. While the recession officially lasted from December
Great Recession in the United States
Great_Recession_in_the_United_States
points of the global Great Recession. While Canada has managed to return its economy nearly to the levels it enjoyed prior to the recession, the United States
Great Recession in the Americas
Great_Recession_in_the_Americas
Economic term to distinguish types of recessions
Recession shapes, or recovery shapes, are terms used by economists to describe different types of recessions and their subsequent recoveries. There is
Recession_shapes
Global economic recession
the early 1980s recession contributed to the Latin American debt crisis, long-lasting slowdowns in the Caribbean and Sub-Saharan African countries, the
Early_1980s_recession
Economic events from 2007 to 2012
information is related to the effects of the Great Recession that happened worldwide from 2007 to 2012. The Great Recession was the worst post-World War II contraction
Effects of the Great Recession
Effects_of_the_Great_Recession
Business cycle contraction
In economics, a recession is a business cycle contraction that occurs when there is a period of broad decline in economic activity. Recessions generally
Recession
Economic downturn that occurred during the Great Depression in the United States
The recession of 1937–1938 was an economic downturn that occurred during the Great Depression in the United States. By the spring of 1937, production,
Recession_of_1937–1938
Period of economic stagnation in the Western world
The 1973–1975 recession or 1970s recession was a period of economic stagnation in much of the Western world (i.e. the United States, Canada, Western Europe
1973–1975_recession
Economic downturn, primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 recession was a global economic recession caused by COVID-19 lockdowns. The recession began in most countries in February 2020. After a year
COVID-19_recession
factors directly and indirectly serve as the causes of the Great Recession that started in 2008 with the US subprime mortgage crisis. The major causes
Causes_of_the_Great_Recession
Recession that affects many countries around the world
such recessions, with the COVID-19 recession being the most severe. The International Monetary Fund defines a global recession as "a decline in annual
Global_recession
This article gives the timeline of the Great Recession, which hit many developed economies in the due to the 2008 financial crisis. Note: The date indicated
Timeline of the Great Recession
Timeline_of_the_Great_Recession
Worldwide economic depression (1929–1939)
Larry (30 October 2009). "The Great Depression and the Great Recession". Forbes. Dorfman, Joseph (1959). The economic mind in American civilization. The
Great_Depression
Overview of the impact of the Great Recession in South Africa
The Great Recession in South America primarily involved disruptions to the bond markets of Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela. As most South American
Great Recession in South America
Great_Recession_in_South_America
economic growth. Economic history of Canada List of recessions in the United Kingdom List of recessions in the United States Q2 GDP data comes out late August
List_of_recessions_in_Canada
beginning in the United States, the Great Recession (late 2000s and early 2010s) spread to Asia rapidly and has affected much of the region. In China, the
Great_Recession_in_Asia
Economic downturn
1990s recession describes the period of economic downturn affecting much of the Western world in the early 1990s. The impacts of the recession contributed
Early_1990s_recession
of recessions (and depressions) that have affected the economy of the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. In the United Kingdom a recession is
List of recessions in the United Kingdom
List_of_recessions_in_the_United_Kingdom
Emir of Kano, 2014–2020; since 2024
confirmed by the Nigerian Senate on 3 June 2009, during the Great Recession in Africa. In Nigeria, the effect of the crisis took a hit at the economy
Sanusi_Lamido_Sanusi
Sharp deflationary recession
The Recession of 1920–1921 was a sharp deflationary economic contraction in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries, beginning 14 months
Recession_of_1920–1921
Worldwide economic crisis
Brothers in September 2008, which triggered a stock market crash and bank runs in several countries. The crisis exacerbated the Great Recession, a global
2008_financial_crisis
entered a recession in 1990, which lasted 8 months through March 1991. Although the recession was mild relative to other post-war recessions, it was characterized
Early 1990s recession in the United States
Early_1990s_recession_in_the_United_States
2007 mortgage crisis in the United States
began to raise them again. However, the Great Recession was different in kind from all the recessions since the Great Depression, as it also involved a banking
Subprime_mortgage_crisis
Australian economic downturn
early 1990s. The economy of Australia suffered its worst recession since the Great Depression. In October 1987, the international Stock Market Slump saw
Early 1990s recession in Australia
Early_1990s_recession_in_Australia
Recession that occurred in the early 2000s
The early 2000s recession was a major decline in economic activity which mainly occurred in developed countries. The recession affected the European Union
Early_2000s_recession
Global economic downturn (1918–1921)
post–World War I recession was an economic recession that hit much of the world in the aftermath of World War I. In many nations, especially in North America
Post–World_War_I_recession
Economic recession in the United States
38 months, it was the third-longest recession in the NBER's chronology of business cycles since 1854. Only the Great Depression (1929–1939) and the Long
Depression_of_1882–1885
sharp recession. This cyclical pattern continued through the Great Depression. Economic growth since 1945 has been more stable with fewer recessions when
List of economic expansions in the United States
List_of_economic_expansions_in_the_United_States
Economic bubble
important cause of the Great Recession in the United States. Increased foreclosure rates in 2006–2007 among U.S. homeowners led to a crisis in August 2008 for
2000s United States housing bubble
2000s_United_States_housing_bubble
Worldwide economic recession from 1873 to 1879
economic recession, beginning in 1873 and lasting until either March 1879, or the year 1899, depending on the metrics used. It was most severe in Europe
Long_Depression
Global stock market crash
decline since the 2020 stock market crash, which occurred during the recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Trump entered his second term with a
2025_stock_market_crash
middle of 2009. In the UK car sales fell by 23% in October, following a 21% decline in September. Amid predictions of a "deep recession" in the UK and the
Global financial crisis in November 2008
Global_financial_crisis_in_November_2008
A rolling recession, or rolling adjustment recession, occurs when the recession only affects certain sectors of the economy at a time. As one sector enters
Rolling_recession
37% of GDP. The deficit continued to grow and, following the Great Recession beginning in early 2008, both government borrowing and the national debt have
History of the British national debt
History_of_the_British_national_debt
Sharp worldwide economic downturn in 1958
The recession of 1958, also known as the Eisenhower Recession, was a sharp worldwide economic downturn in 1958. The effect of the recession spread beyond
Recession_of_1958
Place in North West, South Africa
mining town in the North West province of South Africa, roughly halfway between Brits and Rustenburg. Formerly a boomtown, the Great Recession caused the
Mooinooi
Situation in which financial assets suddenly lose a large part of their nominal value
that many recessions have been caused in large part by financial crises. One important example is the Great Depression, which was preceded in many countries
Financial_crisis
Type of economic recession
include Japan's recession that began in 1990 and the U.S. recession of 2007-2009. A balance sheet recession is a particular type of recession driven by the
Balance_sheet_recession
Rise in commodity prices in the early 2000s
initially and in 2008 the price of oil drove the index higher to an all time high of 11,440 points in May 2008. Because of the Great Recession the index dropped
2000s_commodities_boom
Early years of the Great Depression
then caused a 33 percent deflation in this period, which they argued transformed the crisis from a normal recession into a depression. Through this, they
Great_Contraction
(government-sponsored enterprises), and/or non-profit organizations involved in the various economic and financial crises of 2007–2008. Beazer Homes USA Hovnanian
List of entities involved in 2007–2008 financial crises
List_of_entities_involved_in_2007–2008_financial_crises
Temporary spike in asset prices
market bubble (which caused the Great Depression) and the United States housing bubble (which caused the Great Recession). The impact of economic bubbles
Economic_bubble
Global stock market crash
contributing to a prolonged recession. The effects of the worldwide economic boom of the mid-1980s had been amplified in New Zealand by the relaxation
Black_Monday_(1987)
Concept asserting ongoing stock market bubble
bubble growing since 2025 amid the AI boom, a period of rapid increase in investment in artificial intelligence (AI) that is affecting the broader economy
AI_bubble
Sustained downturn in economic activity
economic activity in one or more major national economies. It is often understood in economics that an economic crisis and the following recession that may be
Economic_depression
Global oil shortage due to geopolitics
stagflation. By the 1980s, both the recessions of the 1970s and adjustments in local economies to become more efficient in petroleum usage, controlled demand
1970s_energy_crisis
problems started worsening in 1985 as imports swelled, leaving the country in a double deficit: the Indian trade balance was in deficit at a time when the
1991_Indian_economic_crisis
Relationships among bond yields of different maturities
a sustained inversion has historically preceded U.S. recessions and is used in simple recession-probability models. The yield curve is closely related
Yield_curve
diplomatically and with the Royal Navy's West Africa Squadron, established in 1808. After the ending of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, the Royal Navy had the ships
Slavery_in_Britain
17th–19th century labor system in the British American colonies
colonies include changes in the labor market and the legal system that made it cheaper and less risky for an employer to hire African slave labor or paid employees
Indentured servitude in British America
Indentured_servitude_in_British_America
Period in American history, 1929–1939
could postpone. The economy hit bottom in the winter of 1932–1933; then came four years of growth until the recession of 1937–1938 brought back high levels
Great Depression in the United States
Great_Depression_in_the_United_States
Economic recession
The United States entered recession in January 1980 and returned to growth six months later in July 1980. Although recovery took hold, the unemployment
Early 1980s recession in the United States
Early_1980s_recession_in_the_United_States
Financial crisis leading to economic depression in Europe and North America
depression in Europe and North America that lasted from 1873 to 1877, continuing until 1879 in the French Third Republic and in the United Kingdom of Great Britain
Panic_of_1873
Paradox in economics
massive credit crunch hit, it didn’t take long before we were in a recession. The recession, in turn, deepened the credit crunch as demand and employment
Paradox_of_thrift
Period of rapid progress in AI
AI Arms Race Is Changing Everything". Time. "A Race to Extinction: How Great Power Competition Is Making Artificial Intelligence Existentially Dangerous"
AI_boom
Severe economic depression that took place in South Africa
The Great Depression had a pronounced economic and political effect on South Africa, as it did on most nations at the time. As world trade slumped, demand
Great Depression in South Africa
Great_Depression_in_South_Africa
that led to a severe recession, the dissolution of the Soviet Union, which India had significant trade ties with, and the sharp rise in oil prices caused
Economic liberalisation in India
Economic_liberalisation_in_India
recession. All the main stock indices of the future G7 bottomed out between September and December 1974, having lost at least 34% of their value in nominal
1973–1974_stock_market_crash
The Seven Years' War (1756-1763) brought great financial burdens on Great Britain, Kingdom of Prussia, Austria, France, and Sweden. The costs of fighting
Financial costs of the Seven Years' War
Financial_costs_of_the_Seven_Years'_War
Practice of lowering the intrinsic value of coins
Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period by J. Franklin Jameson. New York: Macmillan. pp. 165–171. Retrieved 26 June 2017. Great Britain. Treasury. Information
Debasement
17-month bear market
push the blame on the newly arriving Obama Administration. In February 2007, a coming recession and bear market was predicted by Paul Lamont due to a growing
United States bear market of 2007–2009
United_States_bear_market_of_2007–2009
Asia and West Asia. Slaves from the Horn of Africa were also imported into the Indian subcontinent to serve in the households of the powerful or the Muslim
Slavery_in_India
1893–97 financial crisis in the United States
of 1896 followed. It was the most serious economic depression in history until the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Panic of 1893 deeply affected every
Panic_of_1893
Gordon Brown during a speech, admitting essentially that Great Britain is already in recession mode. Following the trend, the US stock markets also fell
Global financial crisis in October 2008
Global_financial_crisis_in_October_2008
Three-week financial crisis in the United States
peak the previous year. The panic occurred during a time of economic recession, and there were numerous runs affecting banks and trust companies. The
Panic_of_1907
American gold panic
plummeted, causing a mild recession, but by January 1870, the economy resumed its post-war recovery. Boutwell saw little merit in either Grant's or Gould's
Black_Friday_(1869)
once in Australia. There were no berths, bedding, medical, or toilet facilities available on the vessel and a great deal of kidnapping was involved in the
Slavery_in_Australia
Informal economic term
entirely unexpected or unexpectedly strong. Economic miracles have occurred in the recent histories of a number of countries, often those undergoing an economic
Economic_miracle
Indian businessman (born 1954)
and subsequently earned an MBA from Ohio University in the United States. After returning to India in 1977, Raju married at the age of twenty-two. He ventured
Ramalinga_Raju
Increase in food prices and shortages around the world
significant food price inflation along with major food shortages in several regions. Sub-Saharan Africa, Iran, Sri Lanka, Sudan and Iraq were most affected. Prices
2022–2023_global_food_crises
Prolonged period of slow economic growth
revolutionary technologies. Another is that the damage done by the Great Recession was so long-lasting and permanent, so many workers will never get jobs
Economic_stagnation
Coldest recorded winter in Europe
The Great Frost, as it was known in England, or Le Grand Hiver ("The Great Winter"), as it was known in France, was an extraordinarily cold winter in Europe
Great_Frost_of_1709
1989 stock market crash
1990s recession, but the surprisingly-low growth rates (almost 0 percent) during the summer months and the savings and loan crisis earlier in the year
Friday_the_13th_mini-crash
Community in 1973. Thereafter the United Kingdom's relative economic performance improved substantially to the extent that, just before the Great Recession, British
Economic history of the United Kingdom
Economic_history_of_the_United_Kingdom
Art museums in the United States and the United Kingdom were affected greatly by the Great Recession. Dwindling financial endowments from wealthy patrons
Effects of the Great Recession on museums
Effects_of_the_Great_Recession_on_museums
American accountant who exposed the Madoff investment scandal
most powerful men on Wall Street", Markopolos stated that there was "great danger" in investigating him: "My team and I surmised that if Mr. Madoff gained
Harry_Markopolos
proclaimed: "It is our duty to let Great Britain know and to let the friends and foes of Great Britain know that there is in Canada but one mind and one heart
Canada_in_World_War_I
Method of determining when the economy has entered a recession
In macroeconomics, the Sahm rule, or Sahm rule recession indicator, is a heuristic measure by the United States' Federal Reserve for determining when an
Sahm_rule
Great Railroad Strike of 1877 Great Southwest railroad strike of 1886 Great Railroad Strike of 1922 1992 United States railroad strike Railroads in New
History of rail transportation in the United States
History_of_rail_transportation_in_the_United_States
2010s–present technological convergence era
autonomous vehicles. In The Great Reset proposal by the WEF, The Fourth Industrial Revolution is included as a strategic intelligence in the solution to rebuild
Fourth_Industrial_Revolution
Proposed era of humanity after the Information Age
creativity and imagination become the primary engines of economic value (in contrast, the main activities of the Information Age were analysis and rational
Imagination_Age
The railway system of Great Britain started with the building of local isolated wooden wagonways starting in the 1560s. A patchwork of local rail links
History of rail transport in Great Britain
History_of_rail_transport_in_Great_Britain
Economic downturn in the United States
The recession of 1953 was a period of economic downturn in the United States that began in the second quarter of 1953 and lasted until the first quarter
Recession_of_1953
Great Recession-era revival of interest in aggregate demand-side economics
be ineffective even in a recession, and such policies were only occasionally employed by the governments of developed countries. In 2008, prominent economic
2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence
2008–2009_Keynesian_resurgence
Those in what is now called Canada typically came from the American colonies, as no shiploads of human chattel went to Canada directly from Africa. There
Slavery_in_Canada
Perceived financial market movement tendency over time
of the Great Depression, the end of the later time periods were mostly periods of soft landing, which became large bear markets. (see: Recession of 1960–61
Market_trend
Industrial Revolution began to transform Britain; by the time of the Great Exhibition in 1851 the country was described as the "workshop of the world". There
Economy_of_the_British_Empire
Monetary policy tool
and came into wide application in the US following the 2008 financial crisis. It attempts to mitigate economic recessions when inflation is very low or
Quantitative_easing
Decrease in the general price level
United States has experienced deflation only two times; in 2009 with the Great Recession and in 2015, when the CPI barely broke below 0% at −0.1%. Some
Deflation
Early 1940s wage compression in the United States
The Great Compression refers to the period of substantial wage compression in the United States that began in the early 1940s. During that time, economic
Great_Compression
Mass withdrawal of money from banks
passage of the reform bill. Many of the recessions in the United States were caused by banking panics. The Great Depression contained several banking crises
Bank_run
18th century period of speculative canal building in the United Kingdom
period of intense canal building in England and Wales between the 1790s and 1810s, and the speculative frenzy that ensued in the early 1790s. The earliest
Canal_Mania
High inflation, low economic growth, and high unemployment
demand would normally drop during a recession.[citation needed] In the Keynesian model, higher prices prompt increases in the supply of goods and services
Stagflation
United States public debt as a share of GDP has increased during wars and recessions, and subsequently declined. The United States public debt as a percentage
History of the United States public debt
History_of_the_United_States_public_debt
Slavery in South Africa existed from 1653 in the Dutch Cape Colony until the abolition of slavery in the British Cape Colony on 1 December of 1834. This
Slavery_in_South_Africa
travel, tourism, insurance
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
Female
African
great in size; very stout.
Female
Irish
Irish form of French Madeline, MADAILÉIN means "of Magdala."
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Apple in Persian; Great Warrior
Surname or Lastname
Americanized form of Dutch De Groot or German Gross.English
Americanized form of Dutch De Groot or German Gross.English : variant of Greet, a nickname from Old English grēat ‘big’, ‘stout’, a habitational name from Greet in Gloucestershire or Greete in Shropshire, both named from an Old English grēote ‘gravelly place’, or a topographic name with the same meaning.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Nirayana | நீராயநா
Fixed zodiac without precession
Nirayana | நீராயநா
Girl/Female
Greek American German Persian Scandinavian Swedish
Pearl.
Female
Danish
, pearl.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Remission of Sins; Forgiveness
Male
Croatian
, goodness.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Great Man; Firm in Battle
Female
Irish
Variant spelling of Irish Gaelic LÃadan, LÃADÃIN means "grey lady."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sikh
Celebratory Procession
Surname or Lastname
English (rare in England)
English (rare in England) : variant of Hug 1.
Boy/Male
English Gaelic American African
Great.
Female
English
Short form of Danish/Swedish Margareta, GRETA means "pearl."
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Indian, Latin, Scandinavian, Swedish
Form of Margaret; Child of Light; A Pearl
Boy/Male
French, German, Polish
Long
Boy/Male
British, Christian, English, Italian
Solemn Procession; Display
Female
Dutch
, pearl.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Fixed zodiac without precession
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
GREAT RECESSION-IN-AFRICA
travel, tourism, insurance