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Decrease in the general price level
In economics, deflation is an increase in the real value of the monetary unit of account, as reflected in a decrease in the general price level of goods
Deflation
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Deflation, deflation, or déflation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Commonly, deflation refers to a decrease in the general price level, the
Deflation_(disambiguation)
Devaluation of money's purchasing power
reduction in the purchasing power of money. The opposite of inflation is deflation, a decrease in the general price level of goods and services. The common
Inflation
Economic theory
Debt deflation is a theory that recessions and depressions are due to the overall level of debt rising in real value because of deflation, causing people
Debt_deflation
Lossless compression algorithm
In computing, Deflate (stylized as DEFLATE, and also called Flate) is a lossless data compression algorithm that uses a combination of LZ77 and Huffman
Deflate
Worldwide economic depression (1929–1939)
and poor countries: all experienced drops in personal income, prices (deflation), tax revenues, and profits. International trade fell by more than 50%
Great_Depression
Private university in Boston, Massachusetts, US
York Times, have published articles exploring the existence of grade deflation. The Times discovered that administrators have suggested to faculty members
Boston_University
2001 short film
Deflation is a 2001 micro-budget short film, written and directed by Roger Ashton-Griffiths. It stars Del Synnott, features Keira Knightley, who also
Deflation_(film)
Study of fundamental reality
meaning or no significant point is called metaphysical or ontological deflationism. This view is opposed by so-called serious metaphysicians, who contend
Metaphysics
Device used to stop wheeled vehicles
stingers, stop sticks, by the trademark Stinger or formally known as a Tire Deflation Device or TDD) is a device or incident weapon used to impede or stop the
Spike_strip
Depressions in a sand dune ecosystem caused by the removal of sediments by wind
species, can settle in an opening and prevent any further expansion and deflation. Even though a few plants species can be classed as colonizers, these
Blowout_(geomorphology)
Economic measure
consumer price index (CPI), the GDP deflator is a measure of price inflation/deflation with respect to a specific base year; the GDP deflator of the base year
GDP_deflator
Emotional neutrality that contrasts comedy
Deadpan, dry humour, or dry-wit humour is the deliberate display of emotional neutrality or no emotion, commonly as a form of comedic delivery, to contrast
Deadpan
Processes due to wind activity
which experience intense and sustained erosion are called deflation zones. Most aeolian deflation zones are composed of desert pavement, a sheet-like surface
Aeolian_processes
Family of philosophical theories
and logic, a deflationary theory of truth (also semantic deflationism or simply deflationism) is one of a family of theories that all have in common the
Deflationary_theory_of_truth
Accounting model
price index) during low inflation, high inflation, hyperinflation and deflation; i.e., during all possible economic environments. During all economic
Constant purchasing power accounting
Constant_purchasing_power_accounting
Reserve can use in conducting monetary policy to combat deflation. In 2002, when the word "deflation" began appearing in the business news, Bernanke, then
Bernanke_doctrine
Change in the shape of a volcano or the land surrounding it
be in the form of inflation, which is a response to pressurization, or deflation, which is a response to depressurization. Inflation is represented by
Deformation_(volcanology)
American economist (1867–1947)
earliest American neoclassical economists, though his later work on debt deflation has been embraced by the post-Keynesian school. Joseph Schumpeter described
Irving_Fisher
Study of an economy as a whole
inflation, as well as deflation, can lead to increased uncertainty and other negative consequences, particularly when inflation (or deflation) is unexpected
Macroeconomics
Economic downturn from 1929 to 1935
debt. Chancellor Heinrich Brüning introduced a policy of austerity and deflation in an attempt to handle the twin crises. After the Reichstag rejected
Great_Depression_in_Germany
System for rating game players
true if there is deflation. Using ratings to compare players between different eras is made more difficult when inflation or deflation are present (see
Elo_rating_system
Desert landscape with mostly rock instead of sand
hard rocky (basalt) plateaus, where most of the sand has been removed by deflation. The majority of the Sahara is hamada. Other examples are Negev desert
Hamada
Political party in the German Weimar Republic
The Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation (German: Reichspartei für Volksrecht und Aufwertung), also known as the People's Justice Party (Volksrechtpartei
People's Justice Party (Germany)
People's_Justice_Party_(Germany)
Electronic system in vehicles
sometimes referred to by other names, such as Ford's ‘Deflation Detection System (DDS)’ or Honda's ‘Deflation Warning System (DWS)’. iTPMS cannot measure or
Tire-pressure monitoring system
Tire-pressure_monitoring_system
crash that triggered a "panic sell-off" of assets. This was followed by a deflation in asset and commodity prices, dramatic drops in demand and the total
Causes of the Great Depression
Causes_of_the_Great_Depression
Leader of China from 1949 to 1976
reforms and extreme poverty in China: unprecedented progress or income deflation?". New Political Economy. 29: 1–21. doi:10.1080/13563467.2023.2217087
Mao_Zedong
Biological reflex to prevent lung over-inflation
the deflation reflex discovered by the same individuals, Hering and Breuer. The majority of this page discusses the inflation reflex; the deflation reflex
Hering–Breuer_reflex
Japanese economic policy under Shinzo Abe
Japan's economy, which had started to recover from a long recession and deflation. He suggested the tax hike should be deferred to avoid discouraging consumption
Abenomics
Sharp deflationary recession
World War I. It lasted from January 1920 to July 1921. The extent of the deflation was not only large, but large relative to the accompanying decline in
Recession_of_1920–1921
Chancellor of Germany from 1930 to 1932
chancellor of Germany during the Weimar Republic from 1930 to 1932. His use of deflation in an attempt to combat the effects of the Great Depression in Germany
Heinrich_Brüning
Type of desert earth surface
tightly packed together. Desert pavement formation can be attributed to deflation, the erosion of fine-grained material, or an upward migration of gravel
Desert_pavement
Monetary system based on the value of gold
contraction of the money supply resulted in deflation. Even as nominal interest rates dropped, deflation-adjusted real interest rates remained high, rewarding
Gold_standard
Event affected by high winds
the character having been murdered. In 2022, People ranked the Barney deflation as the "biggest balloon blunder" in the parade's 98 years. Burton, Jamie
1997 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade
1997_Macy's_Thanksgiving_Day_Parade
President of the United States from 1933 to 1945
the price raised from $20 to $35 per ounce. The goal was to counter the deflation which was paralyzing the economy. Roosevelt tried to keep his campaign
Franklin_D._Roosevelt
from successive years, put in real (or constant, i.e. inflation- and deflation-adjusted) terms by computing the aggregate value of the measure (e.g.
Chained_volume_series
compared to the currency. If the inflation rate is negative, that indicates deflation, a general decrease in prices of goods and services traded for a country's
List of countries by inflation rate
List_of_countries_by_inflation_rate
Economic term
inflation rate is not very high to start with, disinflation can lead to deflation – decreases in the general price level of goods and services. For example
Disinflation
Australian economist and author (born 1953)
debts increases the rate of deflation. Thus, debt and deflation act on and react to one another, resulting in a debt-deflation spiral. The outcome is a depression
Steve_Keen
Non-periodic tiling of the plane
tilings with different sizes of tiles, using processes called inflation and deflation. The pattern represented by every finite patch of tiles in a Penrose tiling
Penrose_tiling
Monetary authority of Japan
1986, USD continued to fall and reached 160yen/$. In order to escape deflation, the BOJ cut the official bank rate from 5% to 4.5% in January, to 4.0%
Bank_of_Japan
Period of economic stagnation in Japan
share of the world's nominal GDP decreased from 17.8% to 3.6%. Under deflation, the value of cash increases as time passes. In such a situation, Japanese
Lost_Decades
Statistical method
features 'deflation' of the matrix X (subtraction of t k t ( k ) p ( k ) T {\displaystyle t_{k}t^{(k)}{p^{(k)}}^{\mathrm {T} }} ), but deflation of the vector
Partial least squares regression
Partial_least_squares_regression
Large dry lakebed in the Sahara Desert
deflation: strong surface winds and erodible sediment. But recent research has argued that long-term links exist between topography, wind, deflation and
Bodélé_Depression
Worldwide economic recession from 1873 to 1879
the Great Depression of the 1930s. Though it marked a period of general deflation and recession, it did not have the severe economic retrogression of the
Long_Depression
Vehicle tire resistant to deflation
tyre (RFT) is a pneumatic vehicle tire designed to resist the effects of deflation when punctured, allowing the vehicle to continue to be driven at reduced
Run-flat_tire
Policy regarding macroeconomic conditions
monetary policy instrument and can be associated with slow economic growth, deflation and deleverage. ZIRP could also describe an interest-free economy. Under
Zero_interest-rate_policy
Currency moving with commodity prices
double-edged sword for a country's economy. While any nation usually experiences deflation when exports fall and inflation when they rise, these swings are much
Commodity_currency
Monetary policy tool
mixed side effects and risks: it may overshoot its goal by countering deflation too aggressively and fueling long-term inflation, or fail to stimulate
Quantitative_easing
The Big Hollow is a wind eroded deflation basin located to the west of Laramie, Wyoming in the United States. It is the second largest wind eroded depression
The_Big_Hollow_(Wyoming)
Subgenre of comedy
aware of their self-centered view, or by making them oblivious to the ego-deflation that the comedy deals them. Sometimes an unlikable protagonist may not
Cringe_comedy
Monetary policy
economic activity. Policy is set to maintain a very low rate of inflation or deflation. For example, the European Central Bank (ECB) describes price stability
Price_stability
Hypothesized cycle-like phenomena in the modern world economy
of Georgists predicted that a depression would occur around 2008. Debt deflation is a theory of economic cycles which holds that recessions and depressions
Kondratiev_wave
German economist and academic
Common Errors about Deflation. In: Procesos de Mercado. Revista Europea de Economía Política, 3 (1), 2006, pp. 105–123. Deflation – When Austrians Become
Philipp_Bagus
Soaring with a paraglider
greatly reduce the frequency and severity of deflations or collapses. On modern recreational wings, such deflations will normally recover without pilot intervention
Paragliding
Set of shapes that can be tiled with smaller replicas of the same set
copies (known as inflation), or still smaller and smaller dissections (deflation), can be repeated indefinitely. In this way, setisets can produce non-periodic
Self-tiling_tile_set
Indoor golf facility in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, U.S.
in January 2024, but a power failure in November 2023 resulted in the deflation of the air-supported roof, which caused damage to parts of the facility
SoFi_Center
Ongoing theorised stock market bubble
Debasement Debt monetization Demand-pull/cost-push/built-in inflation Deflation Disinflation Full employment Hyperinflation Money supply/demand NAIRU
AI_bubble
became central to the Japanese economy. After the economic slowdown and deflation of the 1990s, the Japanese government adopted policies such as quantitative
Economic_history_of_Japan
American economist (born 1953)
from 2002 to 2005. In one of his first speeches as a governor, entitled "Deflation: Making Sure It Doesn't Happen Here", he outlined what has been referred
Ben_Bernanke
Surgical procedure
rupture-and-deflation rate of one-point-zero per cent (1.0%) at the six-year, median age of the medical device. Regarding the detection of rupture-and-deflation defects
Breast_augmentation
Pneumatic tire that does not require a separate inner tube
leading to a gentle deflation. Conversely, a tubed tire, with an inner tube, could burst like a balloon, leading to deflation of the tire which could
Tubeless_tire
Economic policy issue in the United States
was suffering from a severe depression characterized by falling prices (deflation), high unemployment in industrial areas, and severe distress for farmers
Free_silver
necessary, but inflation beyond a low level is not desirable. However, deflation is often seen as a worse or equal danger, particularly within Keynesian
Inflationism
Total demand for final goods and services in an economy at a given time
when they do suffer price cuts (as in Japan), it can lead to disastrous deflation. A post-Keynesian theory of aggregate demand emphasizes the role of debt
Aggregate_demand
Sudden collapse of asset values which generates a credit or business cycle
debts can be taken on ... But in truth neither the boom, nor the debt deflation ... and certainly not a recovery can go on forever. — Hyman Minsky, John
Minsky_moment
Macroeconomic measure
value of economic output adjusted for price changes (i.e. inflation or deflation). This adjustments transforms the money-value measure, nominal GDP, into
Real_gross_domestic_product
Private university in Princeton, New Jersey, US
Grade Deflation". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2021. "On grade deflation". The
Princeton_University
Complex of different phospholipids and proteins
obtained during the controlled inflation/deflation of a normal lung show that the volumes obtained during deflation exceed those during inflation, at a given
Pulmonary_surfactant
increased as a consequence of the decrease in nominal GDP growth due to deflation. The growth of annual revenue was slowed down by the prolonged depression
National_debt_of_Japan
American Founding Father and polymath (1706–1790)
successful monetary experiments in the Middle Colonies, which stopped deflation without causing excessive inflation. In 1766, he made a case for paper
Benjamin_Franklin
Electronics that can bend and stretch
polymer backing. Silicon usage is minimized over the substrate and the ensemble is quite flexible, to survive inflation and deflation of the balloon.
Stretchable_electronics
Production, distribution and consumption of goods and services; distinct from finance
existing the other way around. Irving Fischer developed the theory of debt deflation during the Great Depression to explain the linkages between the financial
Real_economy
American economist
amplify the movement – inflation feeds upon inflation and debt-deflation feeds upon debt-deflation." In other words, people are momentum investors by nature
Hyman_Minsky
Landforms produced by action of the wind
once formed. Deflation and abrasion are specific means of sediment transport than can also be attributed to aeolian processes. Deflation, which is named
Aeolian_landform
German state elections
German Democratic Party 4,495 5.56 1 0 Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation 3,225 3.99 1 New Nazi Party 2,713 3.35 0 New Catholic People's Representatives
Lippe Landtag elections in the Weimar Republic
Lippe_Landtag_elections_in_the_Weimar_Republic
Reservoir in Pyrénées-Orientales
Villeneuve-de-la-Raho in Pyrénées-Orientales, France. The lake lies in a deflation pan. That is a natural, circular, shallow depression caused by the removal
Lac_de_Villeneuve-de-la-Raho
1930s programs of U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt
Friedman later called the Great Contraction. Prices fell by 20%, causing deflation that made repaying debts much harder. Unemployment in the United States
New_Deal
Japanese economist (born 1951)
Japanese economy, as the bank rate had not been raised for 17 years due to deflation or very low inflation, which the country finally got out of with the help
Kazuo_Ueda
School of thought in monetary economics
trade outpaces the money supply, there would be no way to counteract deflation and reduced liquidity (and any attendant recession) except for the mining
Monetarism
Economic process
compartflation) is a state of the economy, in which the processes of inflation and deflation occur simultaneously in different parts of the economy. The term was first
Biflation
Term used to describe people by their preferred approach to monetary policy
times of deflation or low inflation. For example, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis President James Bullard has been described as a "deflation hawk" for
Monetary_hawk_and_dove
Geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period
Output gap Unemployment Money and prices Exchange rate Inflation Cost-push Deflation Demand-pull Disinflation Price level Shrinkflation Stagflation Interest
Compound_annual_growth_rate
Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
it, whereupon maintenance staff performed an intentional, controlled deflation to protect the integrity of the roof's intact fabric panels. As it was
BC_Place
2007–2009 international economic decline
call this decade's stagnant economy The Lesser Depression or The Great Deflation." The Great Recession met the IMF criteria for being a global recession
Great_Recession
Economic theory and proposal by Silvio Gesell
issued for a limited period by constant value (neither inflation, nor deflation). Long-term saving requires investment in bonds or stocks. Freigeld is
Freiwirtschaft
Medieval Catholic state in present-day Latvia (1186-1561)
2009-07-22. due to deflation, no coins were minted during the reign of Jasper Linde; biographical data exists in alternate formats due to deflation, no coins were
Archbishopric_of_Riga
Castration via anaphrodisiacal drugs
testosterone levels in order to lower their sex drive, side effects include the deflation of breast glands, expansion of the size of the nipple and shrinking of
Chemical_castration
Policy proposal; central banks making direct money transfers to the public
chairman suggested that helicopter money could always be used to prevent deflation. A monetary policy that involves helicopter money requires that central
Helicopter_money
pattern of deflation was not isolated to Hebei as in Beijing wages fell by 25% from 1823 to 1838 in terms of silver. This steep deflation in terms of
Economy_of_the_Qing_dynasty
1990s, 2000s and 2010s), during which the country struggled to get out of deflation and extremely low or negative growth. The beginning of the Edo period
Economy_of_Japan
Currency of the United States
the value of the dollar during the 1920s, before presiding over a 30% deflation in U.S. prices in the 1930s. Under the Bretton Woods system established
United_States_dollar
Situation described in Keynesian economics
caused when people hold cash because they expect an adverse event such as deflation, insufficient aggregate demand, or war. Among the characteristics of a
Liquidity_trap
Standard numerical measure used to value and compare goods and services
power or real value of monetary values constant during inflation and deflation. Money is rarely perfectly stable in real value which is the fundamental
Unit_of_account
Irish actor (born 1977)
Princess of Thieves. The two later appeared together in the short film Deflation by Roger Ashton-Griffiths and as extras in the larger film Thunderpants
Del_Synnott
Civil War general, U.S. president from 1869 to 1877
supply did not increase as quickly as the population, the result was deflation. Silverites, who wanted more money in circulation to raise the prices
Ulysses_S._Grant
depression are over-indebtness to start with and deflation soon after. Fed policy to prevent deflation at all costs has been greatly influenced by Fisher's
Comparisons between the Great Recession and the Great Depression
Comparisons_between_the_Great_Recession_and_the_Great_Depression
1930–31 cabinet of Weimar Germany
that the restructuring of finances through the policy of austerity and deflation that he thought necessary would bring about a painful reduction of social
First_Brüning_cabinet
Area-denial weapon
A caltrop (/ˈkæl.tɹəp, ˈkal.-, ˈkɔːl.-/; also known as caltrap, galtrop, cheval trap, galthrap, galtrap, calthrop, jackrock or crow's foot) is an area
Caltrop
Soccer ball by Adidas
minutes, then it was replaced by a 32 panel black and white due to a deflation. A new version of the Telstar, named Telstar 18, was the official match
Adidas_Telstar
DEFLATION
DEFLATION
DEFLATION
DEFLATION
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for the servant of someone named Fair, or a nickname meaning ‘handsome man’.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames, notably Feuerman (see Feuer).Probably an Americanized spelling of German Fährmann, a variant of Fehrmann.
Girl/Female
British, English
Lighthearted; Happy
Boy/Male
Indian
Master, Lord, Chief, Leader, Reigning, Ruling
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Trust
Girl/Female
German
Will-helmet
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Six Faces Goddess; Name of Naga Devatha
Boy/Male
Australian, Greek, Latin
Worthy of Praise; Of Value; Beyond Price; Praiseworthy; Invaluable; Priceless; Saint Anthony is the Patron Saint of Poor People
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic, Indian, Kannada, Muslim, Sindhi, Tamil
Acquainted; Knowledgeable; Devotee; Knowing; Aware
Boy/Male
German
Relating to Falconry; Falconer
Girl/Female
Hindu
Honor of victory
DEFLATION
DEFLATION
DEFLATION
DEFLATION
DEFLATION