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Historical fermented fish sauce
Garum is a fermented fish sauce that was used as a condiment in the cuisines of Phoenicia, ancient Greece, Rome, Carthage, and later Byzantium. Liquamen
Garum
Condiment made from fish
particularly Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Some garum-related fish sauces have been used in the West since the Roman times. Due
Fish_sauce
Process in brand marketing
35 CE), Umbricius Scauras, a manufacturer of fish sauce (also known as garum) was branding his amphora which travelled across the entire Mediterranean
Brand_management
2025 French comic album
for help. Randomaxess states that his friend Umaminess, who produces a garum much loved by Julius Caesar, has been unjustly accused of trying to poison
Asterix_in_Lusitania
Preserved fish
In Roman times, anchovies were the base for the fermented fish sauce garum. Garum had a sufficiently long shelf life for long-distance commerce and was
Anchovies_as_food
Roman garum manufacturer-merchant
Scaurus was a Pompeiian manufacturer-merchant, known for the production of garum and liquamen (types of fermented fish sauce), a staple of Roman cuisine
Aulus_Umbricius_Scaurus
LGA and town in Kano State, Nigeria
Garun MallamListen is a town and Local Government Area in Kano State, Nigeria on the A2 highway. It has an area of 214 km2 and a population of 116,494
Garun_Mallam
Roman businesswoman
known from the Roman city of Pompeii. She produced the popular seasoning garum, a fermented fish sauce. Few details of Umbricia Fortunata's life can be
Umbricia_Fortunata
Italian fish sauce made from anchovies fermented in brine
ancient Rome, where a similar sauce known as garum was widely used as a condiment. The recipe for garum was recovered by a group of medieval monks, who
Colatura_di_alici
Businessperson who trades in goods that were produced by others
wealth. Umbricius Scauras, for example, was a manufacturer and trader of garum in Pompeii, circa 35 C.E. His villa, situated in one of the wealthier districts
Merchant
One of the five basic tastes
contested). Glutamate has a long history in cooking. Fermented fish sauces (garum), which are rich in glutamate, were used widely in ancient Rome, fermented
Umami
Paste made of fish meat
Altertumswissenschaft, s.v. "Garum", 1st Series 7 (1912) pp. 841-849. As with garlic in modern times, not every Roman was addicted to garum: aside from Seneca (see
Fish_paste
Identification for a good or service
pictus was Umbricius Scaurus, a manufacturer of fish sauce (also known as garum) in Pompeii, c. 35 CE. Mosaic patterns in the atrium of his house feature
Brand
Liquid, cream, or semi-solid food served on or used in preparing other foods
classical salsus 'salted'. Possibly the oldest recorded European sauce is garum, the fish sauce used by the Ancient Romans, while doubanjiang, the Chinese
Sauce
Al Garum Islands are the northernmost group of islands of Bahrain. They lie 23 km (14 mi) north of the capital, Manama, on Bahrain Island. There are 4
Al_Garum_Islands
27 BC–476/1453 AD state and civilization
The main commodity was grain. Also traded were olive oil, foodstuffs, garum (fish sauce), slaves, ore and manufactured metal objects, fibres and textiles
Roman_Empire
Ancient city near modern Naples, Italy
water, soda and urine while on the upper floor the clothes were dried. The garum workshop made the sauce obtained from the fermentation of the entrails of
Pompeii
foods to Rome; the city received ham from Belgium, oysters from Brittany, garum from Mauretania, wild game from Tunisia, silphium (laser) from Cyrenaica
Ancient_Roman_cuisine
Municipality in Andalusia, Spain
from 218 BC, it was under Roman rule, economically prospering owing to garum production. In the 8th century, after a period of Visigothic and Byzantine
Málaga
yellowfin tuna entrails. Garum – a fermented fish sauce that was used in the cuisines of ancient Greece, Rome, and Byzantium. Garum was prepared from the
List_of_fish_sauces
Family of fishes
In Roman times, anchovies were the base for the fermented fish sauce garum. Garum had a sufficiently long shelf life for long-distance commerce, and was
Anchovy
Arabian condiment
brine, salmuria) and the condiment related to the Ancient Roman condiment garum (or garos in Greek). Although murri is not made with fish, the Arabic translation
Murri_(condiment)
King of Mauretania (AD 21–40)
During his reign, Mauretania became prosperous by exporting grain, oil, garum, and Tyrian purple dye to the Roman Empire. In AD 24, he helped Publius
Ptolemy_of_Mauretania
Resort in Algarve, Portugal
Roman times this location was important in producing a fish paste known as "garum". The ruins also include the baths in which the mariners used to bathe.
Vilamoura
Ancient Roman fish farm
byproduct of the filleting process was used to produce the Roman delicacy of garum. Garum is a fish sauce which was consumed in great amounts in the Roman Empire
S'Argamassa_Roman_Fish_Farm
for French fries Garlic sauce – Sauce with garlic as a main ingredient Garum – Historical fermented fish sauce Glutamate flavoring – Generic name for
List_of_condiments
Roman name for Cartagena in Spain
of garum, a fermented fish sauce; numerous remains of such facilities have been found along the coast. An example of the shift from mining to garum production
Carthago_Nova
Spanish island in the Mediterranean Sea
a former Phoenician colony. The island produced dye, salt, fish sauce (garum) and wool. A shrine with offerings to the goddess Tanit was established
Ibiza
Country in Northern Europe
original on 25 February 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2020. "Satiksmes ceļu garums gada beigās (kilometros)". Centrālais Statistikas Birojs. Archived from
Latvia
French main-dish stew
to a translation by Patrick Faas, it incorporated dates, honey, vinegar, garum (a fish sauce), passum (a dessert wine), and spices such as pepper, mint
Ragout
Swedish fermented Baltic Sea herring
originate from the south of today's Sweden. More recent examples include garum, a fermented fish sauce made by the ancient Greeks and Romans, and Worcestershire
Surströmming
Ancient Roman businesswoman from Pompeii
with the name Caesia. She is theorized to have also traded in fish sauce, garum. It appears as she and M. Acceius Telemachus were members of a guild or
Caesia_Helpis
French condiment made from anchovies
J.-C. (c. 1700 BC) or with garum (juice or sauce, in Latin, from Roman antiquity). Since the time of ancient Rome, garum has been produced (with many
Pissalat
Israelite origin that was commonly eaten by Jews in antiquity. Black soup Garum – Phoenicia, ancient Greece (where it was known as γάρος) and the Roman
List_of_ancient_dishes
National dish of Iceland consisting of fermented shark
Greenland shark. Iceland portal Fesikh – Traditional Egyptian fermented fish Garum – Historical fermented fish sauce Gravlax – Nordic dish consisting of raw
Hákarl
Roman province (218 BC – 472 AD)
exported gold, tin, silver, lead, wool, wheat, olive oil, wine, fish, and garum. Agricultural production increased with the introduction of irrigation projects
Hispania
Type of storage container
various products, both liquid and dry, but mostly for wine, olive oil, or garum. Transport amphorae are ceramic, but examples of table amphorae in metal
Amphora
Amphorae inscriptions
Carannante, Alfredo (2019). "The last garum of Pompeii: Archaeozoological analyses on fish remains from the " garum shop" and related ecological inferences"
Titulus_pictus
Island in Region of Murcia, Spain
Maláguide and Alpujárride systems. During the Late Roman period (5th c.), a garum factory was erected in the island, with several processing vats. It has
Isla_del_Fraile
LRT station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Dukuh_Atas_BNI_LRT_station
Topics referred to by the same term
mixture": a South Asian spice mixture All pages with titles containing Garam Garum, ancient Mediterranean sauce Garam Masala (disambiguation) This disambiguation
Garam
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Universitas Pancasila railway station
Universitas_Pancasila_railway_station
Ancient Roman town near Tangier, Morocco
the province of Mauretania Tingitana, intended to function primarily as a garum factory. The town was likely abandoned in the 3rd century AD. Its ancient
Ancient_Cotta
Culinary traditions of Morocco
oil and wine production. In the Roman period, there were factories for garum, a fermented fish sauce, in Cotta and Lixus, and Baetican olive oil amphorae
Moroccan_cuisine
Ancient Roman town in Hispania
administrative center, but tuna fishing, salting, and the production of garum were the primary sources of wealth. The city was eventually successful enough
Baelo_Claudia
Ancient Roman culinary habits and attitudes
seasoning. The most common salty condiment was a fermented fish sauce known as garum. Locally available seasonings included garden herbs, cumin, coriander, and
Food_in_ancient_Rome
Large Roman villa in Pompeii
Glass bowl filled with fruit, a small amphora with garum, and an olla containing figs
House_of_Julia_Felix
Country of manufacture, production, or growth
producer's name. Umbricius Scauras, a manufacturer of fish sauce (also known as garum) in Pompeii c. 35 CE, was branding his amphora which travelled across the
Country_of_origin
Capital and largest city of Portugal
Cornwall) and the Rhine. Economically strong, Olisipo was known for its garum (a fish sauce highly prized by the elites of the empire and exported in
Lisbon
Coastal saltwater lagoon in Spain
then as “Palus”—thrived on a salting industry that produced the prized garum sauce, and it served as a safe harbor for vessels. Later, Arab rule introduced
Mar_Menor
Governorate of Bahrain
School in Bahrain is located in Sar in the governorate. Bahrain portal Al Garum Islands http://www.census2020.gov.bh/results_en.php [permanent dead link]
Northern_Governorate
Phoenician colony
Sexi Basins of a garum factory (Firmun Lulium Sexi). Location in the Province of Granada Show map of Province of Granada Location in Andalusia Show map
Sexi_(Phoenician_colony)
Substance added to food for flavour
supported by any evidence or historical record. The Romans made the condiments garum and liquamen, a similar and at times synonymous preparation, by crushing
Condiment
Converting carbohydrates to alcohol or acids using anaerobic microorganisms
crème fraîche, smetana, skyr, and yogurt Bagoong, faseekh, fish sauce, Garum, Hákarl, jeotgal, ngapi, padaek, pla ra, prahok, rakfisk, shrimp paste,
Fermentation in food processing
Fermentation_in_food_processing
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Tuntang_railway_station
Ancient Roman businesswoman from Pompeii
fish sauce, garum. Her social status has been subject of speculation. She may have been a freedwoman: the production and selling of garum was a typical
Vibia_(vine_merchant)
Light rail station in Jakarta, Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Cawang_LRT_station
English fermented condiment
such as beef stew and baked beans. Fish-based fermented sauces, such as garum, date back to antiquity. In the seventeenth century, English recipes for
Worcestershire_sauce
Municipality in Andalusia, Spain
Caballa con babetas Cazón en adobo [fr] Cazón en amarillo Chocos con papas Garum Huevas aliñás [es] Morena en adobo Pan de Cádiz Panizas [es] Papas aliñás [es]
Cádiz
Species of plant in the asparagus family
Pliny the Elder noted that the bulbs were eaten with vinegar, oil, and garum. Today, it is still eaten in some Mediterranean countries. In Apulia and
Muscari_comosum
Fermented fish paste
convalescent. Another fish paste from Northeast India is tungtap. Fermented fish Garum Bagoong Terasi Prakash, Jyoti. Himalayan Fermented Foods. CRC Press. p. 147
Hentak
Municipality in Andalusia, Spain
into a Carthaginian town by 228 BCE. Its major trade was in local wine and garum or salazón, a fish-based sauce. Carteia was captured by Rome in 206 BCE
San_Roque,_Spain
Buddha statue discovered in 2018 and 2022
(Egypt)". Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw. "Garum Masala;Dramatic archaeological discoveries have led scholars to radically
Berenike_Buddha
Varzim, Matosinhos, Troia and the coast of Lisbon, for the manufacture of garum that was exported by Roman trade routes to the entire empire. Business transactions
History_of_Portugal
Railway station in Padang, Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Lubuk_Buaya_railway_station
Peninsula in southwestern Europe
colourless glass, linen garments. Rural products included fish and fish sauce (garum), and dry crops such as wheat and, more importantly, esparto, olive oil
Iberian_Peninsula
Place in Andalusia, Spain
processing industry, which exported products, including the highly prized Garum paste (a kind of "Gentleman's Relish") which was in much demand back in
Manilva
Type of condiment
form of ketchup Duck sauce, a modern variation of plum sauce Fish sauce (garum), or nam pla, used in southeastern Asian cuisines as a dip for snacks and
Dipping_sauce
Zoology and biology in ancient Greece and Rome
as a gift. Fish was also used to make a popular Roman condiment known as garum. Species such as Bluefin Tuna were expensive delicacies in ancient Greece
Animals in ancient Greece and Rome
Animals_in_ancient_Greece_and_Rome
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Gawok_railway_station
legitimizing their existence as bearers and successors of an ancient tradition. "Garum Masala;Dramatic archaeological discoveries have led scholars to radically
Buddhism_and_the_Roman_world
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Duri_railway_station
and 180. It is the earliest such work to have survived to the modern day. Garum, also known as liquamen, was the universal sauce added to everything. It
History_of_seafood
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Nambo_railway_station
Japanese cured fish product
sauces and pastes Fish sauce Anchovy essence Colatura di alici Budu Cincalok Garum Jeotgal Mahyawa Patis Pla ra Shottsuru Worcestershire sauce XO sauce Fish
Kamaboko
Museum in Málaga, Andalusia, Spain
to the Phoenicians, of a Roman factory to produce the fish-based sauce garum, and also of the earlier Nasrid palace on the same site. As a result, the
Museo_Picasso_Málaga
Jewish culinary traditions
being called "garum" among the Jews, as among the Greeks and Romans. Pliny says expressly of a "garum castimoniale" (i.e., kosher garum) that it was prepared
Jewish_cuisine
Ancient city
the British Museum's collection. It was also prized for its variety of garum. Olive oil extraction installation (işlik) dating back to the third quarter
Klazomenai
Food preservation and flavouring processes
sausage-making technique involving œnogaros (a mixture of the fermented fish sauce garum with oil or wine). Preserved meats were furthermore a part of religious
Curing_(food_preservation)
Railway station in Java, Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Bogor_railway_station
MRT station in Jakarta, Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Bundaran HI Bank Jakarta MRT station
Bundaran_HI_Bank_Jakarta_MRT_station
Stuffed phyllo pastry
butter or honey when done. Notes: The spices are left up to the cook, but garum masala should work fine. The sauce could be something made using a wine
Börek
Fermented condiment
Fish paste – Paste made of fish meat Fish sauce – Condiment made from fish Garum – Historical fermented fish sauce Kangkung belacan – Asian vegetable dishPages
Shrimp_paste
Cambodian salted and fermented fish paste
sauces and pastes Fish sauce Anchovy essence Colatura di alici Budu Cincalok Garum Jeotgal Mahyawa Patis Pla ra Shottsuru Worcestershire sauce XO sauce Fish
Prahok
Collection of short stories by Steven Saylor
) Gordianus travels to Pompeii to find out who has stolen a recipe for garum from his patron Lucius Claudius. (Set in 75 BC.) Gordianus is in Syracuse
A_Gladiator_Dies_Only_Once
Type of Roman cup
were possibly used either as oil lamps, drinking vessels or for holding garum sauce. The most current thinking is that they were oil lamps, based on stylistic
Conchylia_cup
British anchovy paste
friends of M, and are living in Jamaica before they are murdered. Food portal Garum List of brand name condiments Relish "Patum Peperium". Oxford English Dictionary
Gentleman's_Relish
Iron Age site in Bavaria, Germany
has proven this true. Even traces of the typical Mediterranean fish sauce garum have been recovered. Manching was the site of an extensive iron industry
Oppidum_of_Manching
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Pasuruan_railway_station
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Metland Telagamurni railway station
Metland_Telagamurni_railway_station
General body of free Roman citizens
different herbs and spices. A well-known condiment to this day known as garum, which is a fish sauce, was also largely consumed. Apartments often did
Plebeians
Species of flowering plant
Khubeza patties. Apicius, a collection of Roman cookery recipes, mentions garum being used as a fish stock to flavor cooked mallows. Plant form, general
Malva_nicaeensis
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Ancol_railway_station
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Benowo_railway_station
Phoenician city-state
and household items. It traded in salted Atlantic fish and fish sauce (garum), and brokered the manufactured, agricultural, and natural products of almost
Ancient_Carthage
Facility where goods are industrially made, or processed
describes a water-driven wheel in his technical treatises. Factories producing garum were common in the Roman Empire. The Barbegal aqueduct and mills are an
Factory
Railway station in Indonesia
Bojonegoro Bondowoso Bowerno Buduran Caruban Cerme Curahmalang Duduk Garahan Garum Gedangan Gembong Geneng Glenmore Grati Indro Jatiroto Jember Jemursari Jombang
Bungkaih_railway_station
Sense of chemicals on the tongue
as Japanese cuisine. It dates back to the use of fermented fish sauce: garum in ancient Rome and ge-thcup or koe-cheup in ancient China. Umami was first
Taste
Municipality in Region of Murcia, Spain
Ceres. The Romans also built facilities to producing the common Roman sauce garum which consisted of fermented fish entrails (particularly mackerell). They
Mazarrón
City in East Java, Indonesia
surrounded by four of the districts (kecamatan) of Blitar Regency - Kademangan, Garum, Nglegok and Sanankulon; added to the population of the city, this combined
Blitar
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