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Gravitational-wave astronomy technique
A pulsar timing array (PTA) is a set of galactic pulsars that is monitored and analyzed to search for correlated signatures in the pulse arrival times
Pulsar_timing_array
Five-radio telescope collaboration to track stellar remnants' gravitational waves
The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) is a European collaboration to combine five 100-m class radio-telescopes to observe an array of pulsars with the
European_Pulsar_Timing_Array
Europe-US-Canada-India-Australian radio astronomy and cosmology collaboration
Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) is a multi-institutional, multi-telescope collaboration of pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). It comprises the European Pulsar Timing
International Pulsar Timing Array
International_Pulsar_Timing_Array
Pulsar with a rotational period less than about 10 milliseconds
same time as the European Pulsar Timing Array and the Indian Pulsar Timing Array's combined data set, the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array's third data release
Millisecond_pulsar
Astronomy organization
millisecond pulsars to create a pulsar timing array. They use data from the Green Bank Telescope, Arecibo Observatory, the Very Large Array, and the Canadian
North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves
North_American_Nanohertz_Observatory_for_Gravitational_Waves
Italian astrophysicist
pulsar timing array frequency band, as well as for pioneering the concept of multi-band gravitational wave astronomy. He is a member of the European Pulsar
Alberto_Sesana
Type of neutron star with beams of radiation
search for gravitational waves: the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) in Europe, the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) in Australia, the North American
Pulsar
Italian astrophysicist
is a member of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA), serving on its steering committee, and the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA). His work in
Alberto_Vecchio
Radio telescope observatory in New South Wales, Australia
Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA), which also includes the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) and the European Pulsar Timing
Parkes_Observatory
Aspect of relativity in physics
the Parkes radio-telescope. The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) uses data from the four largest telescopes in Europe: the Lovell Telescope, the Westerbork
Gravitational_wave
Device used to measure gravitational waves
from a merging binary of stellar black holes. In June 2023, four pulsar timing array collaborations presented the first strong evidence for a gravitational
Gravitational-wave observatory
Gravitational-wave_observatory
Navigation technique employing X-ray signals emitted by pulsars
X-ray pulsar-based navigation and timing (XNAV) or simply pulsar navigation is a navigation technique whereby the periodic X-ray signals emitted from pulsars
Pulsar-based_navigation
Random background of gravitational waves permeating the Universe
Universe, which is detectable by gravitational-wave experiments, like pulsar timing arrays. The signal may be intrinsically random, due to stochastic processes
Gravitational_wave_background
Signal with equal energy per octave
frequencies affects pulsar timing arrays, the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) and the future International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA); at low frequencies
Pink_noise
Spanish-American astrophysicist
his contributions to gravitational wave astronomy, particularly in pulsar timing array science and the calibration of LIGO data. In 2023, he co-led the
Xavier_Siemens
Canadian astrophysicist
adopted by collaborations such as NANOGrav, the European Pulsar Timing Array, and the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array. In 2013, Kaspi's research group reported the
Victoria_Kaspi
Radio telescope array
from its site, to search for transient sources. A secondary goal is pulsar timing, to aid in the search for gravitational waves. The project is managed
Deep_Synoptic_Array
which are relatively far away from the pulsar. There are two main drawbacks to the pulsar timing method: pulsars are relatively rare, and special circumstances
Methods of detecting exoplanets
Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets
Gravitational wave observatory site
existence was indirectly confirmed in 1974, when observations of the binary pulsar PSR 1913+16 showed an orbital decay which matched Einstein's predictions
LIGO
Topics referred to by the same term
EPTA may refer to: European Parliamentary Technology Assessment European Pulsar Timing Array Phosphotungstic acid Expanded Programme of Technical Assistance
EPTA
Branch of astronomy using gravitational waves
means of observation is using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). There are three consortia, the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA), the North American Nanohertz
Gravitational-wave_astronomy
European space mission to measure gravitational waves
April 2014. Stairs, Ingrid H. (2003). "Testing General Relativity with Pulsar Timing". Living Reviews in Relativity. 6 (1) 5. arXiv:astro-ph/0307536. Bibcode:2003LRR
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
Laser_Interferometer_Space_Antenna
Collapsed core of a massive star
object depending on interpretation. For pulsars, such pulsar planets can be detected with the pulsar timing method, which allows for high precision and
Neutron_star
"Gravitational-Wave Tests of General Relativity with Ground-Based Detectors and Pulsar-Timing Arrays". Living Reviews in Relativity. 16 (1): 9. arXiv:1304.3473. Bibcode:2013LRR
Tests_of_general_relativity
Subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies
well as entirely new classes of objects, such as radio galaxies, quasars, pulsars, and masers. The discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation
Radio_astronomy
Radio telescope in Guizhou, China
communication signals (Search for extraterrestrial intelligence) Pulsar timing arrays The FAST telescope joined the Breakthrough Listen SETI project in
Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope
Five-hundred-meter_Aperture_Spherical_Telescope
Italian-Canadian astrophysicist
gravitational wave signatures of such mergers. She will measure them using pulsar timing arrays, which can characterise the cosmic merger history of binary black
Chiara_Mingarelli
Pulsar–white dwarf binary system in Taurus constellation
The first radio pulsar was discovered in 1967 by Jocelyn Bell and her adviser, Antony Hewish using the Interplanetary Scintillation Array. Franco Pacini
PSR_J0348+0432
64-antenna radio telescope in South Africa
digital backends via the CBF, including pulsar and fast radio burst (FRB) search engines, a precision pulsar timing system, and a SETI signal processor.
MeerKAT
Radio telescope at Jodrell Bank Observatory, Cheshire, England
building in 1988. The telescope forms part of the MERLIN and European VLBI Network arrays of radio telescopes. The telescope was influential in the early
Lovell_Telescope
Astronomical observatory in Cheshire, England
since played an important role in the research of meteoroids, quasars, pulsars, masers, and gravitational lenses, and was heavily involved with the tracking
Jodrell_Bank_Observatory
Radio astronomy observatory in New Mexico, US
The Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) is a centimeter-wavelength radio astronomy observatory in the southwestern United States built in the 1970s
Very_Large_Array
New class of galactic astronomical transients - LPTs
models used for pulsars. The earliest candidate LPT, GCRT J1745−3009, was detected by Hyman et al. in 2005 using archival Very Large Array (VLA) data at
Long_period_radio_transient
but outside the band for ground-based detectors like advanced LIGO (aLIGO) or pulsar timing arrays such as the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA).
Extreme_mass_ratio_inspiral
International radio telescope project
radio astronomical measurements. By using pulsars as cosmic gravitational wave detectors, or timing pulsars found orbiting black holes, astronomers will
Square_Kilometre_Array
Radio observatory in France
Pulsars, including pulse timing, distance, and the interstellar medium on the lightpath to Earth. Nançay is part of the European Pulsar Timing Array Stellar
Nançay_Radio_Observatory
Effort to find civilizations not from Earth
extraterrestrial intelligence – Branch of SETI Darwin Mission – 2007 European study concept of an array of space observatoriesPages displaying short descriptions
Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
Search_for_extraterrestrial_intelligence
Detecting planets located outside the Solar System
came in 1992, with the discovery of terrestrial-mass planets orbiting the pulsar PSR B1257+12. The first confirmation of an exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence
Discoveries_of_exoplanets
Former radio telescope in Puerto Rico, United States
binary pulsar PSR B1913+16, an accomplishment for which they later received the Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1982, the first millisecond pulsar, PSR B1937+21
Arecibo_Telescope
2015 detection made by LIGO interferometers
waves had been inferred only indirectly, via their effect on the timing of pulsars in binary star systems. The waveform, detected by both LIGO observatories
First observation of gravitational waves
First_observation_of_gravitational_waves
(NANOGrav), the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA), the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (Australia), and the Chinese Pulsar Timing Array report detection
Timeline of gravitational physics and relativity
Timeline_of_gravitational_physics_and_relativity
Directional radio antenna used in radio astronomy
Telescope) or two-dimensional arrays of omnidirectional dipoles (e.g., Tony Hewish's Pulsar Array). All of the telescopes in the array are widely separated and
Radio_telescope
Observatory
and 1.3 cm. HartRAO is used for continuum radiometry, spectroscopy, pulsar timing and interferometry. It works together with radio telescopes in other
Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory
Hartebeesthoek_Radio_Astronomy_Observatory
Gravitational-wave signal detected in 2017
Nuclear astrophysics List of gravitational wave observations Hulse–Taylor pulsar Without a Bayesian prior, the expected periodicity of a time series based
GW170817
Type of stellar collision
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
Neutron_star_merger
Field-equations in general relativity
the Cosmological Constant: from 'Superfluous Stunt' to Dark Energy". The European Physical Journal H. 43: 5. arXiv:1711.06890. doi:10.1140/epjh/e2017-80061-7
Einstein_field_equations
Meanings of mass in special relativity
relativistic energy and momentum Roche, J (2005). "What is mass?" (PDF). European Journal of Physics. 26 (2): 225. Bibcode:2005EJPh...26..225R. doi:10
Mass_in_special_relativity
NASA telescope on International Space Station
Station Explorer for X-ray Timing and Navigation Technology (SEXTANT), will act as a technology demonstrator for X-ray pulsar-based navigation (XNAV) techniques
Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer
Neutron_Star_Interior_Composition_Explorer
Gravitational-wave detector in Italy
long time scale. Prime candidates are rapidly-spinning neutron stars (pulsars), which may emit gravitational waves if they are not perfectly spherical
Virgo_interferometer
Change in wavelength of light
John Wiley & Sons. p. 288. ISBN 0-471-82759-2. "Cosmic Detectives". The European Space Agency (ESA). 2013-04-02. Retrieved 2013-04-25. Kellermann, K. I
Redshift
detectors, resonant mass detectors, spacecraft Doppler tracking and pulsar timing. As of October 2012, the committee consists of 23 members from 15 projects
Gravitational Wave International Committee
Gravitational_Wave_International_Committee
Gravitational-wave observation
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
GW190521
Speed of electromagnetic waves
Sun to the Earth. Historically the speed of light was used together with timing measurements to determine a value for the astronomical unit (AU). The astronomical
Speed_of_light
612 have been detected as of 2021, but the HIRAX array expects to detect tens of FRBs per day. Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars, whose rotation
Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time Analysis eXperiment
Hydrogen_Intensity_and_Real-time_Analysis_eXperiment
International physics organization
the GEO600 detector in Sarstedt, Germany. Under an agreement with the European Gravitational Observatory (EGO), LSC members also have access to data from
LIGO_Scientific_Collaboration
Japanese underground gravitational wave detector
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
Kamioka Gravitational Wave Detector
Kamioka_Gravitational_Wave_Detector
Radio astronomy research institute in Pune, India
professor at the institute and founding Director of the Indian Pulsar Timing Array (InPTA) Sandeep K. Sirothia, radio astronomer, former faculty of
National Centre for Radio Astrophysics
National_Centre_for_Radio_Astrophysics
German mathematician (1885–1955)
Constructivism and Computer Proofs vs Proofs by Hand", Bulletin of the European Association of Theoretical Computer Science, 1995. This paper describes
Hermann_Weyl
English mathematician, mathematical physicist (born 1931)
2012. "Interview with Sir Roger Penrose" (PDF). European Mathematical Information Service. European Mathematical Society Newsletter March 2001. Lawley
Roger_Penrose
Consortium managing the Virgo interferometric antenna in Pisa, Italy
Poland". EGO - European Gravitational Observatory. Retrieved 2025-05-28. Rossi, Guglielmo (2025-03-19). "Belgium is the fourth European country to join
European Gravitational Observatory
European_Gravitational_Observatory
Swiss astronomer (1898–1974)
and other topics, and shipped them to war-ravaged scientific libraries in Europe and Asia. He also had a longstanding involvement with the charitable Pestalozzi
Fritz_Zwicky
Compact astronomical body
during this era. In 1967, Antony Hewish and Jocelyn Bell Burnell discovered pulsars, and by 1969 these were shown to be rapidly rotating neutron stars. Until
Black_hole
Solution of Einstein field equations
Pradhan, Parthapratim (2014). "Black hole interior mass formula". The European Physical Journal C. 74 (5) 2887. arXiv:1310.7126. Bibcode:2014EPJC...74
Kerr–Newman_metric
Astrophysical phenomenon
at first, a puzzle. Some considered rotational energy from the central pulsar as a source. Although the energy that initially powers each type of supernovae
Supernova
Canadian radio telescope
monitoring pulsars and other radio transients; a specialised instrument was developed for these science objectives. The telescope monitors 10 pulsars at a time
Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment
Canadian_Hydrogen_Intensity_Mapping_Experiment
German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)
February 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016. "Gravity investigated with a binary pulsar-Press Release: The 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics". Nobel Foundation. Archived
Albert_Einstein
Gravitational-wave event detected in 2023
Proposed: Atom interferometers Indirect detection B-modes of CMB Pulsar timing array Binary pulsar Theory General relativity Tests of general relativity Metric
GW231123
Observatory in northern California, USA
the Western United States. The observatory is home to the Allen Telescope Array and one of the three CHIME FRB outriggers, as well a number of other smaller
Hat_Creek_Radio_Observatory
Device used in gravitational wave observatories
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
Weber_bar
Interferometer which uses the wave-like nature of atoms
"Precision measurements of gravity using cold atom sensors". Journal of the European Optical Society: Rapid Publications. 4: 09025. Bibcode:2009JEOS....4E9025S
Atom_interferometer
Long Baseline Interferometry European Research Infrastructure Consortium (JIVE) was established by a decision of the European Commission in December 2014
Joint Institute for Very Long Baseline Interferometry European Research Infrastructure Consortium
Joint_Institute_for_Very_Long_Baseline_Interferometry_European_Research_Infrastructure_Consortium
Observatory
Detail from below Plaque inside the building Historical control electronics Array of brushes. The brushes allowed the mirror to move continuously in the military
Stockert_Radio_Telescope
Gravitational wave detector in Germany
India eLISA, the space-based ESA gravitational wave detector VIRGO, the European gravitational interferometric detector TAMA 300, the Japanese gravitational
GEO600
American mathematician (1903–1961)
UFOs in 1953 and scientific advisor to the NATO Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) in 1954 and 1955. He was chairman of the Defense Science Board
Howard_P._Robertson
Laser interferometer at Fermilab
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
Fermilab_Holometer
Effective mass of a binary system
Proposed: Atom interferometers Indirect detection B-modes of CMB Pulsar timing array Binary pulsar Theory General relativity Tests of general relativity Metric
Chirp_mass
Gravitational wave observatory unit, india
in the US (in Hanford and Livingston), the Virgo and GEO600 detectors in Europe, and the KAGRA detector in Japan. By simultaneous detection of the same
Indian Initiative in Gravitational-wave Observations
Indian_Initiative_in_Gravitational-wave_Observations
Trace radiation from the early universe
Sensitivity". arXiv:1006.1270v1 [astro-ph]. Liu, Hao; et al. (2010). "Diagnosing Timing Error in WMAP Data". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society:
Cosmic_microwave_background
Proposed ground-based gravitational wave observatory
respect to the 4-km long LIGO. It is planned to complement its proposed European counterpart, Einstein Telescope (ET), with a similar timeline. In 2019
Cosmic Explorer (gravitational wave observatory)
Cosmic_Explorer_(gravitational_wave_observatory)
Dutch mathematician (1910–1944)
in Yorkshire and flew combat missions in the Halifax heavy bomber over Europe before and after the Normandy invasion. On 10 June 1944, van Stockum and
Willem_Jacob_van_Stockum
Volunteer computing project
(2022). "Study of 72 Pulsars Discovered in the PALFA Survey: Timing Analysis, Glitch Activity, Emission Variability, and a Pulsar in an Eccentric Binary"
Einstein@Home
German engineer and mathematician (1874–1967)
hugojunkers.bplaced.net. Retrieved 1 November 2019. Hager, Hydraulicians in Europe 1800-2000, Volume 2, p. 1165 Reissner, H. (1916). "Über die Eigengravitation
Hans_Reissner
Proposed gravitational wave detector
(WP4). ET is a design study project in the European Framework Programme (FP7). It has been proposed by 8 European leading gravitational wave experimental
Einstein_Telescope
Austrian-British mathematician and cosmologist (1919–2005)
positions: Director-General of the European Space Research Organisation (ESRO) (1967–1971) (which later became the European Space Agency, ESA) Chief Scientific
Hermann_Bondi
Gravitational wave detector
Proposed: Atom interferometers Indirect detection B-modes of CMB Pulsar timing array Binary pulsar Theory General relativity Tests of general relativity Metric
TAMA_300
Welsh physicist (1911–1991)
which eventually enabled forces to be built up by sea for the invasion of Europe. In April 1941, RAF Coastal Command was operating anti-submarine patrols
Edward_George_Bowen
Research facility in Western Australia
gravitational-wave astronomy recommended that an expansion of the global array of interferometric detectors be pursued as a highest priority. In its roadmap
AIGO
Software used in gravitational-wave astronomy
portal List of numerical analysis software LIGO Scientific Collaboration European Gravitational Observatory "PyCBC Documentation". Retrieved 1 February 2017
PyCBC
Resonant mass antenna
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
MiniGrail
Equations in physical cosmology
delay frame-dragging / geodetic effect (Lense–Thirring precession) pulsar timing arrays Advanced theories Brans–Dicke theory Kaluza–Klein Quantum gravity
Friedmann_equations
Light bending by mass between source and observer
Astrometric Survey (JVAS), done in radio frequencies using the Very Large Array (VLA), led to the discovery of 22 new lensing systems. Twelve were double-image
Gravitational_lens
Effect of general relativity
observed in a binary system that consists of a massive white dwarf and a pulsar. Frame-dragging may be illustrated most readily using the Kerr metric, which
Frame-dragging
Physics research center
Cosmic microwave background radiation Interferometry Odd radio circle Pulsar timing array Radio propagation SETI Wow! signal HD 164595 signal Solar radio emission
Berkeley_SETI_Research_Center
Gravitational-wave detector
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
Torsion-bar_antenna
Chinese space program
alternative plans for Taiji. One is to take a 20 percent share of the European Space Agency's LISA project; the other is to launch China's own satellites
Taiji_program
Proposed space-borne gravitational-wave observatory
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
TianQin
2015 European Space Agency spacecraft
Defence and Space in Stevenage (UK), under contract to the European Space Agency. It carried a European "LISA Technology Package" comprising inertial sensors
LISA_Pathfinder
joint call for proposal by European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2014, a proposal of linear satellite array called the "Discoverying
Hongmeng_project
Gravitational-wave detector
interferometers Planned LISA Proposed Big Bang Observer DECIGO TianQin Taiji Pulsar timing arrays EPTA IPTA NANOGrav PPTA Data analysis Einstein@Home PyCBC Zooniverse:
AURIGA
Description of gravity using discrete values
1038/s41567-024-02436-w. "Integral challenges physics beyond Einstein". European Space Agency. 2011-06-30. Archived from the original on 2021-11-13. Retrieved
Quantum_gravity
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EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
EUROPEAN PULSAR-TIMING-ARRAY
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