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English mathematician, mathematical physicist (born 1931)
Sir Roger Penrose (born 8 August 1931) is an English mathematician, mathematical physicist, and philosopher of science. He is Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor
Roger_Penrose
Most widely known generalized inverse of a matrix
independently described by E. H. Moore in 1920, Arne Bjerhammar in 1951, and Roger Penrose in 1955. Earlier, Erik Ivar Fredholm had introduced the concept of a
Moore–Penrose_inverse
Interpretation of quantum mechanics
The Penrose interpretation is a speculation by Roger Penrose about the relationship between quantum mechanics and general relativity. Penrose proposes
Penrose_interpretation
Impossible object
in the 1950s by psychiatrist Lionel Penrose and his son, the mathematician and Nobel Prize laureate Roger Penrose, who described it as "impossibility
Penrose_triangle
Diagram of different points in spacetime
In theoretical physics, a Penrose diagram (named after mathematical physicist Roger Penrose) is a two-dimensional diagram capturing the causal relations
Penrose_diagram
Impossible object
independently discovered and made popular by Lionel Penrose and his son Roger Penrose. A variation on the Penrose triangle, it is a two-dimensional depiction
Penrose_stairs
Non-periodic tiling of the plane
Penrose tilings may have both reflection symmetry and fivefold rotational symmetry. Penrose tilings are named after mathematician and physicist Roger
Penrose_tiling
British photographer (born 1947)
children include physicist Oliver Penrose, mathematician and physicist Sir Roger Penrose, chess grandmaster Jonathan Penrose, and geneticist Shirley Hodgson
Antony_Penrose
Cosmological model
framework of general relativity, proposed by the theoretical physicist Roger Penrose. In CCC the universe iterates through infinite cycles, with the future
Conformal_cyclic_cosmology
British theoretical physicist (born 1929)
scientist Lionel Penrose and brother of the mathematical physicist and Nobel laureate in Physics Roger Penrose, chess Grandmaster Jonathan Penrose, and geneticist
Oliver_Penrose
Hypothetical mechanism for extracting energy from rotating black holes
The Penrose process (also called Penrose mechanism) is theorised by Sir Roger Penrose as a means whereby energy can be extracted from a rotating black
Penrose_process
British artist and art historian (1900–1984)
Sir Roland Algernon Penrose CBE (14 October 1900 – 23 April 1984) was an English artist, historian and poet. He was a major promoter and collector of
Roland_Penrose
scientist Roger Penrose: Moore–Penrose inverse, the most widely known generalization of the inverse matrix in particular linear algebra Penrose graphical
List of things named after Roger Penrose
List_of_things_named_after_Roger_Penrose
Irish painter (1862–1932)
mathematician Lionel Penrose and of artist Roland Penrose and the grandfather of mathematical physicist Roger Penrose. James Doyle Penrose was a well known
J._Doyle_Penrose
Type of optical illusion
non-circular. Penrose stairs – created by Oscar Reutersvärd and later independently devised and popularised by Lionel Penrose and his mathematician son Roger Penrose
Impossible_object
Key results in general relativity on gravitational singularities
The Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems (after Roger Penrose and Stephen Hawking) are a set of results in general relativity that attempt to answer the
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
Penrose–Hawking_singularity_theorems
Graphical notation for multilinear algebra calculations
handwritten) visual depiction of multilinear functions or tensors proposed by Roger Penrose in 1971. A diagram in the notation consists of several shapes linked
Penrose_graphical_notation
1989 book by Roger Penrose
Physics is a 1989 book by the mathematical physicist Roger Penrose that posits a quantum mind theory. Penrose argues that human consciousness is non-algorithmic
The_Emperor's_New_Mind
Book by Roger Penrose
physicist Roger Penrose that serves as a followup to his 1989 book The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds and The Laws of Physics. Penrose hypothesizes
Shadows_of_the_Mind
British medical geneticist
Roland Penrose, both British artists. He married Margaret Leathes in 1928 and they had four children: Oliver Penrose, born 1929, physicist; Sir Roger Penrose
Lionel_Penrose
Mathematical study of illumination of rooms with mirrored walls
The original problem was first solved in 1958 by Roger Penrose using ellipses to form the Penrose unilluminable room. He showed that there exists a room
Illumination_problem
British mathematician and author (born 1949)
Philosophy degree in 1975 for research on twistor theory supervised by Roger Penrose. Since the early 1970s, Hodges has worked on twistor theory, which is
Andrew_Hodges
English theoretical physicist (1942–2018)
cheek muscle. Hawking's scientific works included a collaboration with Roger Penrose on gravitational singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity
Stephen_Hawking
Dutch graphic artist (1898–1972)
mathematical ability, he interacted with the mathematicians George Pólya, Roger Penrose, and Donald Coxeter, and the crystallographer Friedrich Haag, and conducted
M._C._Escher
Theory proposed by Roger Penrose
In theoretical physics, twistor theory was proposed by Roger Penrose in 1967 as a unification of general relativity (space-time geometry) and quantum
Twistor_theory
Theory of a quantum origin of consciousness
free will. The hypothesis was put forward in the 1990s by physicist Roger Penrose and anesthesiologist Stuart Hameroff; it combines molecular biology
Orchestrated objective reduction
Orchestrated_objective_reduction
Effect in special relativity
but this result was overlooked until its rediscovery by Penrose and Terrell. Roger Penrose's article on the effect was submitted 29 July 1958 and published
Terrell_rotation
Lithograph print by M. C. Escher
three Penrose triangles. A Penrose triangle is an impossible object designed by Oscar Reutersvärd in 1934, and found independently by Roger Penrose in 1958
Waterfall_(M._C._Escher)
Estimates the mass of a spacetime in terms of the total area of its black holes
In mathematical general relativity, the Penrose inequality, first conjectured by Sir Roger Penrose, estimates the mass of a spacetime in terms of the total
Riemannian_Penrose_inequality
Claim that human mathematicians are not describable as formal proof systems
either fails to be consistent or fails to be complete. John Lucas and Roger Penrose postulate that this incompleteness does not apply to humans, and conclude
Penrose–Lucas_argument
In theoretical physics, the Penrose transform, introduced by Roger Penrose (1967, 1968, 1969), is a complex analogue of the Radon transform that relates
Penrose_transform
Book by Roger Penrose
the New Physics of the Universe is a book by mathematical physicist Roger Penrose, released in September 2016. The book is based on his lectures that
Fashion, Faith, and Fantasy in the New Physics of the Universe
Fashion,_Faith,_and_Fantasy_in_the_New_Physics_of_the_Universe
Notation in general relativity
The Newman–Penrose (NP) formalism is a set of notation developed by Ezra T. Newman and Roger Penrose for general relativity (GR). Their notation is an
Newman–Penrose_formalism
Supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way
compact object, for which a black hole was the only explanation. Sir Roger Penrose received the other half "for the discovery that black hole formation
Sagittarius_A*
Hypothetical event
Holland, Jaron Lanier, Steven Pinker, Theodore Modis, Gordon Moore, and Roger Penrose. One claim is that artificial intelligence growth is likely to run into
Technological_singularity
Topics referred to by the same term
Penrose may refer to: Penrose, Arlington, Virginia, a neighborhood Penrose, Colorado, a town Penrose, St. Louis, Missouri, a neighborhood Penrose, Philadelphia
Penrose
College of the University of Oxford
College is a Penrose tiling, named after the Wadham mathematician and Nobel Laureate Roger Penrose who invented it in the 1970s. Penrose tilings have
Wadham_College,_Oxford
and Rainer Weiss (2017), Michel Mayor and Didier P. Queloz (2019), Roger Penrose (2020), Giorgio Parisi (2021), Alain Aspect, John Clauser and Anton
List of Clarivate Citation laureates in Physics
List_of_Clarivate_Citation_laureates_in_Physics
Concept in physics
near-instantaneous travel between them. However physicists such as Roger Penrose regard such ideas as unrealistic, more fiction than speculation. A theoretical
Negative_energy
Number, approximately 1.618
Kepler, to present-day scientific figures such as Oxford physicist Roger Penrose, have spent endless hours over this simple ratio and its properties
Golden_ratio
British geneticist
Beresford Leathes. She has three older brothers, Oliver, Sir Roger, and Jonathan Penrose. She married Humphrey Hodgson in 1971. She is a Fellow of the
Shirley_Hodgson
UK educational YouTube channel (2011-)
Mazur Steve Mould Colm Mulcahy Tony Padilla Simon Pampena Matt Parker Roger Penrose Carl Pomerance Ken Ribet Tom Scott Henry Segerman Carlo H. Séquin Jim
Numberphile
English chess grandmaster (1933–2021)
mathematical physicist, and philosopher of science Roger Penrose, theoretical physicist Oliver Penrose, and geneticist Shirley Hodgson. Jonathan was a doctor
Jonathan_Penrose
Possible solution to the measurement problem
of quantum systems. Later, following a different line of reasoning, Roger Penrose arrived at an estimation for the collapse time of a superposition due
Diósi–Penrose_model
Philosophical argument based on the theory of relativity
Putnam (1967). It is sometimes called the Rietdijk–Putnam–Penrose argument. Roger Penrose advanced a form of this argument that has been called the Andromeda
Rietdijk–Putnam_argument
Book by Roger Penrose
science book by mathematical physicist Roger Penrose published by The Bodley Head in 2010. The book outlines Penrose's Conformal Cyclic Cosmology (CCC) model
Cycles_of_Time
Austrian physicist (1924–2019)
boundary of a black hole, Rindler coordinates, and (in collaboration with Roger Penrose) for the use of spinors in general relativity. An honorary member of
Wolfgang_Rindler
Book by Roger Penrose
to modern mathematical physics by the British mathematical physicist Roger Penrose, published in 2004. It covers the basics of the Standard Model of particle
The_Road_to_Reality
1988 book by Stephen Hawking
found. In 1965, Roger Penrose used general relativity to prove that a collapsing star could result in a singularity. Hawking and Penrose proved together
A_Brief_History_of_Time
Hypothetical scenario for the ultimate fate of the universe
fluctuations is known, a candidate from particle physics is missing. Physicist Roger Penrose advanced a general relativity-based theory called the conformal cyclic
Big_Crunch
Mathematical physicist
Ge, with contributions from Sir Michael Atiyah, Edward Witten, Sir Roger Penrose, Robbert Dijkgraaf et al., recommended by Book Authority as one of the
Yang-Hui_He
the philosophy of physics between the British theoretical physicists Roger Penrose and Stephen Hawking. The book was published by Princeton University
The_Nature_of_Space_and_Time
Law of physics
anthropic principle. The Weyl curvature hypothesis, an alternative model by Roger Penrose, argues a link between entropy, the arrow of time and the curvature
Past_hypothesis
2008 science fiction novel by Neal Stephenson
Rhetors). Stephenson cites the work of Roger Penrose as a major influence on the novel. Specific ideas from Penrose's work include: the idea that the human
Anathem
Exact solution to the Einstein field equations
coordinate transformation and gave a lecture on it at King's College London. Roger Penrose was in attendance. (Arthur Stanley Eddington had introduced the same
Oppenheimer–Snyder_model
Book by Roger Penrose
Human Mind is a popular science book by British theoretical physicist Roger Penrose. The book was published by Cambridge University Press in 1997. The book
The Large, the Small and the Human Mind
The_Large,_the_Small_and_the_Human_Mind
American anesthesiologist
consideration. Separately from Hameroff, the English mathematical physicist Roger Penrose had published his first book on consciousness, The Emperor's New Mind
Stuart_Hameroff
2014 film by James Marsh
worried about his lack of a thesis topic. After attending a lecture by Roger Penrose on black holes with his advisor, Prof. Dennis Sciama, Stephen speculates
The Theory of Everything (2014 film)
The_Theory_of_Everything_(2014_film)
Physical theory of the cosmos
2010, pp. 581–638, chpt. 12: "Singularities and time-asymmetry" by Roger Penrose. Penrose 1989 Steinhardt, Paul J. (April 2011). "The Inflation Debate: Is
Big_Bang
2004 television film directed by Philip Martin
introduced to a new way of thinking about his subject by another physicist, Roger Penrose. Topology is an approach that uses concepts of shape rather than equations
Hawking_(2004_film)
Mathematical Physics professor
2017 Fuentes co-founded the Penrose Institute, an organisation that looks to test the scientific ideas of Roger Penrose. Unlike many researchers at Harvard
Ivette_Fuentes
Awareness of internal and external existence
David Bohm, and the Orch-OR theory formulated by Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose. Some of these QM theories offer descriptions of phenomenal consciousness
Consciousness
German astrophysicist (born 1952)
at the centre of our galaxy", which he shared with Andrea Ghez and Roger Penrose. In a 2021 interview given to Federal University of Pará in Brazil,
Reinhard_Genzel
Area of physical and philosophical debate
1967-1992. Roger Penrose, 1989. The Emperor's New Mind. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-851973-7. Especially chapter 6. Roger Penrose, 1994. Shadows
Interpretations of quantum mechanics
Interpretations_of_quantum_mechanics
Name list
economist and professor Roger Neubauer (born 1938), French water polo player Roger Norrington (1934–2025), English conductor Roger Penrose, English mathematical
Roger
Fringe hypothesis
Roger Penrose and anaesthesiologist Stuart Hameroff collaborated to produce the theory known as "orchestrated objective reduction" (Orch-OR). Penrose
Quantum_mind
Scientific biography of Albert Einstein by Abraham Pais
posthumous reprint of the biography in 2005, with a new foreword by Roger Penrose. Considered very popular for a science book, the biography sold tens
Subtle_Is_the_Lord
theory was a major influence on modern platonism Roger Penrose: A contemporary mathematical physicist, Penrose has argued for a Platonic view of mathematics
Mathematical_object
Hypothesis in physics
was introduced by the British mathematician and theoretical physicist Roger Penrose in an article in 1979 in an attempt to provide explanations for two
Weyl_curvature_hypothesis
Cosmological models involving indefinite, self-sustaining cycles
−1. Conformal cyclic cosmology—a general relativity based theory by Roger Penrose in which the universe expands until all the matter decays and is turned
Cyclic_model
Hypothetical mechanisms by which gravitation can cause quantum decoherence
Advocates of gravitational decoherence include Frigyes Károlyházy, Roger Penrose and Lajos Diósi. A number of experiments have been proposed to test
Gravitational_decoherence
Concept used in black hole solutions
general relativity which describe the inner region of an event horizon. Roger Penrose defined the notion of closed trapped surfaces in 1965. A trapped surface
Trapped_surface
Basic distinction in philosophy
David Bohm Eugene Wigner Erwin Schrödinger Marvin Minsky Max Planck Roger Penrose Susan Blackmore Victor J. Stenger Wolfgang Pauli Theories Philosophy
Subjectivity and objectivity (philosophy)
Subjectivity_and_objectivity_(philosophy)
Conjecture in physics
called naked. The weak cosmic censorship hypothesis was conceived by Roger Penrose in 1969 and posits that no naked singularity is visible from infinity
Cosmic_censorship_hypothesis
Surname list
Penrose Lionel Penrose (1898–1972), English geneticist, father of Oliver, Roger and Jonathan Penrose Martin Penrose, Irish footballer Oliver Penrose (born
Penrose_(surname)
American mathematician
thesis on complex differential geometry written under the supervision of Roger Penrose. That same year, he then accepted his first faculty position at Stony
Claude_LeBrun
Space in mathematics and theoretical physics
_{A'}^{(A}\Omega _{^{}}^{B)}=0} . It was described in the 1960s by Roger Penrose and Malcolm MacCallum. According to Andrew Hodges, twistor space is
Twistor_space
Type of AI with wide-ranging abilities
achieved in the future, but some thinkers, like Hubert Dreyfus and Roger Penrose, deny the possibility of achieving strong AI. John McCarthy is among
Artificial general intelligence
Artificial_general_intelligence
English mathematician (1897–1984)
Lyn's death in 1973, he married Margaret Penrose, widow of his friend Lionel Penrose, father of Sir Roger Penrose. He continued to do research on combinatorial
Max_Newman
Time period of seeming infinite density just after the Big Bang
Charles W. Misner the same year. In 1970, Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose developed the Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems for black holes and cosmological
Initial_singularity
Interpretation of quantum mechanics
The Accidental Universe, (1982) ISBN 0-521-28692-1. Penrose, Roger (August 1991). "Roger Penrose Looks Beyond the Classic-Quantum Dichotomy". Sciencewatch
Many-worlds_interpretation
2008 book by various authors
Quantum Aspects of Life, a book published in 2008 with a foreword by Roger Penrose, explores the open question of the role of quantum mechanics at molecular
Quantum_Aspects_of_Life
Physical effect when superradiant modes are confined around a rotating black hole
black hole to a particle being scattered by it was proposed by Roger Penrose in 1971 (Penrose process). In 1972 Yakov Zel'dovich realised this was true also
Black_hole_bomb
British physicist (1926–1999)
Melott (1981) Antony Valentini (1992) Sciama also strongly influenced Roger Penrose, who dedicated his The Road to Reality to Sciama's memory. The 1960s
Dennis_W._Sciama
Diagram used to represent quantum field theory calculations
The diagrammatic notation can thus greatly simplify calculations. Roger Penrose described spin networks in 1971. Spin networks have since been applied
Spin_network
One of six awards of the Wolf Foundation
2026. "Herbert Friedman". Wolf Foundation. Retrieved 13 March 2026. "Roger Penrose". Wolf Foundation. Retrieved 13 March 2026. "Stephen W. Hawking". Wolf
Wolf_Prize_in_Physics
Coordinate system used in general relativity
ever wrote down these coordinates or the metric in these coordinates. Roger Penrose seems to have been the first to write down the null form but credits
Eddington–Finkelstein coordinates
Eddington–Finkelstein_coordinates
Conjecture in general relativity
black holes and gravitational radiation. It was originally proposed by Roger Penrose in the 1980s, and is considered a central problem in mathematical general
Final_state_conjecture
1998 non-fiction book
instance, this theory is capable of addressing a question posed in 1991 by Roger Penrose in The Emperor's New Mind: "is the Mandelbrot set computable?" The book
Complexity and Real Computation
Complexity_and_Real_Computation
of special relativity and quantum mechanics respectively. In 1982, Roger Penrose proposed a list of mathematical physics problems related to general
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
Belongs to a category of experiments
in superposition states. It was originally proposed by the physicist Roger Penrose in his 2004 book The Road to Reality specifically to prove whether unconventional
Free-orbit experiment with laser interferometry X-rays
Free-orbit_experiment_with_laser_interferometry_X-rays
Public school in Hampstead, London
journalist Karl Pearson – mathematician, inventor of statistical methods Sir Roger Penrose – mathematical physicist, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2020
University_College_School
Ancient Greek concept
an aeon is defined as a billion years (109 years, abbreviated AE). Roger Penrose uses the word aeon to describe the period between successive and cyclic
Aeon
Form of plane tiling without repeats at scale
(based on Wang tiles), was discovered by Raphael M. Robinson in 1971. Roger Penrose discovered three more sets in 1973 and 1974, reducing the number of
Aperiodic_tiling
Philosophical view that consiousness is a ubiquitous feature of reality
from the original on February 20, 2020. Retrieved September 2, 2020. "Roger Penrose On Why Consciousness Does Not Compute". Nautilus | Science Connected
Panpsychism
American mathematician (born 1951)
doctoral studies in mathematics were carried out under the supervision of Roger Penrose. After completing his doctorate he held a Junior Research Fellowship
Lane_P._Hughston
Title held by eminent maths professors at Gresham College
| Gresham College". www.gresham.ac.uk. Retrieved 22 May 2024. "Sir Roger Penrose | Gresham College". www.gresham.ac.uk. Retrieved 22 May 2024. "Professor
Gresham_Professor_of_Geometry
2010 popular science book by Stephen Hawking
errors made throughout the book which claims "philosophy is dead." Roger Penrose in the FT doubts that adequate understandings can come from this approach
The_Grand_Design_(book)
Canadian actor
(1 ep.) Bruiser Caller #1 Film, dir: George A. Romero Relic Hunter Roger Penrose TV series (1 ep.) 2001 A Glimpse of Hell TV Reporter #2 TV movie Dangerous
Ari_Cohen
Concept in the philosophy of mathematics
363). Or, the "tape" may be fixed and the reading "head" may move. Roger Penrose suggests this because: "For my own part, I feel a little uncomfortable
Actual_and_potential_infinity
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ROGER PENROSE
ROGER PENROSE
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