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Outward bulge around a planet's equator due to its rotation
An equatorial bulge is a difference between the equatorial and polar diameters of a planet, due to the centrifugal force exerted by the rotation about
Equatorial_bulge
Coordinate system for planets
an equatorial bulge matching its rotation rate. Saturn is the planet with the largest equatorial bulge in the Solar System, at 11,808 km. Equatorial bulges
Planetary_coordinate_system
Terrain feature on Saturn's third-largest moon
is heavily cratered, indicating that it is ancient. The prominent equatorial bulge gives Iapetus a walnut-like appearance. It is not clear how the ridge
Equatorial_ridge_on_Iapetus
Change of rotational axis in an astronomical body
caused by the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun on Earth's equatorial bulge, causing Earth's axis to move with respect to inertial space. Planetary
Axial_precession
the summit that is farthest from the Earth's center. Because of the equatorial bulge, the summit of Mount Chimborazo in the Andes is the point on the Earth
Summits farthest from the Earth's center
Summits_farthest_from_the_Earth's_center
Volcano and highest mountain in Ecuador
point on Earth's surface from its center due to its location along the equatorial bulge. Several theories regarding the origin of the name Chimborazo exist
Chimborazo
Topics referred to by the same term
at the center of a spiral galaxy Equatorial bulge, a bulge around the equator of a planet due to rotation Tharsis bulge, vast volcanic plateau centered
Bulge
Moon of Saturn
planet, have their orbital precession primarily controlled by the equatorial bulge of their primary planet, while irregular satellites, which are farther
Iapetus_(moon)
Angular motion of a star about its axis
active features on the surface. The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also
Stellar_rotation
Third planet from the Sun
Since Earth's surface is farthest out from its center of mass at its equatorial bulge, the summit of the volcano Chimborazo in Ecuador (6,384.4 km or 3,967
Earth
Surface formed by rotating an ellipse
System, with a flattening of 0.09796. See planetary flattening and equatorial bulge for details. Enlightenment scientist Isaac Newton, working from Jean
Spheroid
Rotation of a satellite as it orbits
gravitational primary body. However, most bodies rotate, which causes an equatorial bulge. This bulge creates a gravitational effect that causes orbits to precess
Nodal_precession
Ocean shape without winds and tides
given reference ellipsoid, which is a slightly flattened sphere whose equatorial bulge is caused by the planet's rotation. Generally the geoidal height rises
Geoid
the difference in gravity at different latitudes is that the Earth's equatorial bulge (itself also caused by centrifugal force from rotation) causes objects
Gravity_of_Earth
Coordinate frames
frame. The gravitational attraction of the Sun and Moon on the Earth's equatorial bulge cause the rotational axis of the Earth to precess in space similar
Earth-centered_inertial
Mountain range in South America
center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes
Andes
Height of a geographic location above a fixed reference point
confused with the distance from the center of the Earth. Due to the equatorial bulge, the summits of Mount Everest and Chimborazo have, respectively, the
Elevation
Angle between the rotational axis and orbital axis of a body
(axial precession), due to torque exerted by the Sun on a planet's equatorial bulge. Like Earth, all of the rocky planets show axial precession. If the
Axial_tilt
Gravitational singularity of a rotating black hole
rotating body, its distribution of mass is not spherical (it shows an equatorial bulge), and it has angular momentum. Since a point cannot support rotation
Ring_singularity
Measure of compression between circle to ellipse or sphere to an ellipsoid of revolution
eccentricity. Earth flattening Eccentricity (mathematics) § Ellipses Equatorial bulge Ovality Planetary flattening Sphericity Roundness (object) Snyder,
Flattening
Periodic change in the direction of a rotation axis
bulging outward at the equator. The gravitational tidal forces of the Moon and Sun apply torque to the equator, attempting to pull the equatorial bulge
Precession
Geographic coordinate system
orbital mechanics (see orbital altitude). If the impact of Earth's equatorial bulge is not significant for a given application (e.g., interplanetary spaceflight)
Geodetic_coordinates
Type of geocentric orbit
the altitude of the orbit (see Technical details) such that Earth's equatorial bulge, which perturbs inclined orbits, causes the orbital plane of the spacecraft
Sun-synchronous_orbit
Star in the constellation Ophiuchus
shape with an equatorial bulge about 20% larger than the polar radius. The polar radius is calculated to be 2.388 R☉ and the equatorial radius 2.858 R☉
Alpha_Ophiuchi
Spectroscopic binary star in the constellation Monoceros
projected rotational velocity of 300 km/s, giving it a pronounced equatorial bulge. There is a companion star at a projected angular separation of 32
Plaskett's_Star
Satellite orbit with high inclination
if the satellite passes directly over the pole). Because of Earth's equatorial bulge, an orbit inclined at a slight angle is subject to a torque, which
Polar_orbit
Science of measuring the shape, orientation, and gravity of Earth
extent, Earth's shape is the result of rotation, which causes its equatorial bulge, and the competition of geological processes such as the collision
Geodesy
Diametrically opposite points on Earth's surface
Equator, a distance of 40,075 kilometres (24,901 mi). The Earth's equatorial bulge makes this slightly longer than a north–south trip around the world
Antipodes
Fictional universe created by Isaac Asimov
Saturn and Neptune, about 1.7 times as dense as water, with a strong equatorial bulge. In appearance, it is a dark, yellow-biased red, with scattered orange
Foundation_universe
Apparent path of the Sun on the celestial sphere
mostly to the gravitational effect of the Moon and Sun on Earth's equatorial bulge. The combined action of these two motions is called general precession
Ecliptic
Constellation in the northern celestial hemisphere
12 days. This is giving the star an oblate spheroid shape with an equatorial bulge that is 24% larger than the polar radius. It is a Delta Scuti variable
Cassiopeia_(constellation)
Movement of an object which leaves at least one point unchanged
the Earth is slightly deformed into an oblate spheroid; a similar equatorial bulge develops for other planets. Another consequence of the rotation of
Rotation
Wandering of a planet's pole of rotation
the difference in the polar and equatorial moments of inertia is dominated by the formation of an equatorial bulge – excess mass around the equator (flattening)
True_polar_wander
Fifth planet from the Sun
less than ten hours; this creates an equatorial bulge easily seen through an amateur telescope. The equatorial radius is 7% longer than the polar radius
Jupiter
Star in the constellation Camelopardalis
velocity of 205 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 17% larger than the polar radius. It has about 3.4 times the
Gamma_Camelopardalis
Fictional planet
minutes. As a result, the planet is significantly flattened with a large equatorial bulge: the diameter at the equator is 77,000 km while the diameter between
Mesklin
Apparent force in a rotating reference frame
centrifugal force exactly balance each other on a "horizontal" surface. (See equatorial bulge.) The Coriolis effect caused by the rotation of the Earth can be seen
Coriolis_force
Curved path of an object around a point
world, many bodies rotate and this introduces oblateness; known as an equatorial bulge. This adds a quadrupole moment to the gravitational field, which is
Orbit
Brightest star in the constellation Lyra
centrifugal effects. This rapid rotation of Vega produces a pronounced equatorial bulge, so the radius of the equator is 19% larger than the polar radius,
Vega
mountains when measured from sea level, however due to the Earth's equatorial bulge this is the farthest point from the Earth's center. early 19th century-1808
List of past presumed highest mountains
List_of_past_presumed_highest_mountains
1687 work by Isaac Newton
effect of the gravitational attraction of the Moon on the Earth's equatorial bulge; and gives theoretical basis for numerous phenomena about comets and
Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica
Philosophiæ_Naturalis_Principia_Mathematica
Star in the constellation Ursa Minor
velocity of 180 km/s, which is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 7% larger than the polar radius. The star is about
Yildun
Imaginary line halfway between Earth's North and South poles
Astronomical Union (IAU) use an equatorial radius of 6,378.1366 kilometres (3,963.1903 mi) (codified as the IAU 2009 value). This equatorial radius is also in the
Equator
Physical phenomenon
of its rotation, the Earth is not spherical in shape, there is an Equatorial bulge. The force of gravity is directed towards the center of the Earth.
Eötvös_effect
Star system in the constellation Cassiopeia
it a pronounced equatorial bulge. When accounted for its axial inclination, the true value is found to be 450±20 km/s. The equatorial radius is 10.9 R☉
Gamma_Cassiopeiae
Science of planets and planetary systems
is to a large extent the result of its rotation, which causes its equatorial bulge, and the competition of geologic processes such as the collision of
Planetary_science
French astronomer
spherical, as had earlier been presumed, but rather bulges at and near the equator (equatorial bulge). Newton's claim of a 2.5 minutes per day difference
Jean_Richer
Geometric figure which approximates the Earth's shape
to mention the defining constants for unambiguous identification. Equatorial bulge Earth radius of curvature Geodetic datum Geoid Great ellipse Meridian
Earth_ellipsoid
Second brightest star in the Leo constellation
Sun. Its high rate of rotation results in an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge. It has 75% more mass than the Sun, which results in a much higher
Denebola
Star in the constellation Scorpius
rotational velocity of 320 km/s, giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 15% larger than the polar radius. Roughly 30 million years
2_Scorpii
Star in the constellation Ursa Minor
a projected rotational velocity of 210 km/s, which is creating an equatorial bulge that is estimated to be 10% larger than the polar radius. Zeta Ursae
Zeta_Ursae_Minoris
Star in the constellation Orion
velocity of 261.4 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 13% larger than the polar radius. It is shining with 70 times
Pi2_Orionis
Binary star system in the constellation Leo
along the equator is about 280 km s−1. This rotation is producing an equatorial bulge, giving the star a pronounced oblate spheroidal shape. The polar radius
Delta_Leonis
Standard surface gravity
massive stars, the equatorial azimuthal velocity can be quite high—up to 200 km/s or more—causing a significant amount of equatorial bulge. Examples of such
Surface_gravity
Star in the constellation Andromeda
velocity of 135 km/s, which is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 6% larger than the polar radius. The star has double the mass
58_Andromedae
Second-brightest star in the constellation Cassiopeia
every day. This is giving the star an oblate spheroid shape with an equatorial bulge that is 24% larger than the polar radius. This shape is causing the
Beta_Cassiopeiae
of the solar perturbing force, and of the planet's oblateness (its equatorial bulge), together gave rise to an "inclinaison propre", an "own inclination"
Laplace_plane
Star in the constellation Musca
rotational velocity of 205 km/s. This is giving it an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 7% larger than the polar radius. Gamma Muscae is a proper motion
Gamma_Muscae
Satellite constellation providing voice and data coverage
fuel-intensive, but orbital perturbation analysis aids the process. The Earth's equatorial bulge causes the orbital right ascension of the ascending node (RAAN) to
Iridium satellite constellation
Iridium_satellite_constellation
the gravitational influence of the Moon and the Sun on the Earth's equatorial bulge. The phenomenon is similar to but much larger in magnitude than other
Glossary_of_astronomy
Star in the constellation Lyra
velocity of 212 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 29% larger than the polar radius. The star is
Zeta2_Lyrae
Astrometric binary star in the constellation Sagittarius
rotational velocity of 149 km/s. This is giving it an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 14% larger than the polar radius. 4 Sagittarii
4_Sagittarii
Binary star in the constellation Lupus
191 km/s. This rate of spin is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 9% larger than the polar radius. The secondary
Kappa_Lupi
Surface of a fluid that is subject to zero parallel shear stress
an oblate spheroid: the approximate shape of the Earth due to its equatorial bulge. In hydrodynamics, the free surface is defined mathematically by the
Free_surface
Star in the constellation Gemini
133 km/s. This rotation rate is giving the star an oblate shape, with an equatorial bulge that is 11% larger than the polar radius. The Washington Visual Double
Theta_Geminorum
Star in the constellation Coma Berenices
velocity of 226 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 12% larger than the polar radius. It is radiating 56 times
14_Comae_Berenices
Reference surface for vertical positions
approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the Equator about 0.3% larger than the radius
Vertical_datum
A-type star in the constellation Eridanus
with a projected rotational velocity of 133 km/s. This is creating an equatorial bulge that might be 7% wider than the polar radius. Tau3 Eridani has 178%
Tau3_Eridani
Star in the constellation Perseus
a projected rotational velocity of 186 km/s, which is creating an equatorial bulge that is 6% wider than the polar radius. The star is 272 million years
Pi_Persei
Ridges near equators
An equatorial ridge is a topographic ridge that follows a celestial body's equator. At least three of Saturn's moons host equatorial ridges: the large
Equatorial_ridge
Variable star in the constellation Centaurus
equatorial azimuthal velocity is around 85% of the critical velocity where the star would start to break up, resulting a pronounced equatorial bulge that
Mu_Centauri
Star in the constellation Orion
of 186 km/s. This spin is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 8% larger than the polar radius. The star has
49_Orionis
Star in the constellation Columba
of about 74 km/s, which is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 10% larger than the polar radius. It has 3.79 times the mass
Sigma_Columbae
B-type star in the constellation Aquarius
projected rotational velocity of 271 km/s. This rotation is causing an equatorial bulge, giving the star an oblate figure with a 24% larger radius at the equator
Eta_Aquarii
Distance from the Earth surface to a point near its center
oblate ellipsoid/spheroid with a bulge at the equator and flattening at the North and South Poles, so that the equatorial radius a is larger than the polar
Earth_radius
Star in the constellation Cassiopeia
projected rotational velocity of 250 km/s, which is giving the star an equatorial bulge that is estimated to be 15% larger than the polar radius. The object
HD_19275
Binary star in the constellation Centaurus
spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 340 km/s, giving it an equatorial bulge that is 22% larger than the polar radius. It has 6.4 times the mass
Pi_Centauri
Star in the constellation Piscis Austrinus
velocity of 308 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 23% larger than the polar radius. An X-ray emission
Mu_Piscis_Austrini
Star in the constellation Chamaeleon
rotational velocity of 255 km/s. The rapid rotation is creating an equatorial bulge that is 12% larger than the polar radius. The star has five times the
Beta_Chamaeleontis
Star in the constellation Corona Australis
rotational velocity of 149 km/s. This high rotation rate is producing an equatorial bulge that is 7% larger than the polar radius. It has 2.17 times the mass
Lambda_Coronae_Australis
Star in the constellation Lynx
229 km/s. This spin rate is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 10% larger than the polar radius. 16 Lyncis has
16_Lyncis
Star in the constellation Perseus
projected rotational velocity of 196 km/s, which is giving the star an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 16% larger than the polar radius. Unusually for
Lambda_Persei
Binary star system in the constellation Horologium
rotational velocity of 220 km/s, giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 15% larger than the polar radius. The star has 1.4 times the
Delta_Horologii
Star in the constellation Virgo
velocity of 285 km/s, which is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 31% larger than the polar radius. The star is
109_Virginis
Star in the constellation Centaurus
of 183 km/s. The latter is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 17% larger than the polar radius. The star's outer atmosphere
Lambda_Centauri
Star in the constellation Monoceros
spin with a projected rotational velocity of 175.5 km/s, giving it an equatorial bulge that is 5% larger than the polar radius. It is radiating 350 times
Delta_Monocerotis
Binary star in the constellation Aries
has a projected rotational velocity of 175 km/s. This is creating an equatorial bulge that is 12% larger than the star's polar radius. It is a candidate
41_Arietis
Star in the constellation Horologium
rotational velocity of 115 km/s, giving it an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 10% wider compared to the polar radius. It has
Beta_Horologii
Star in the constellation Perseus
with a projected rotational velocity of 149 km/s, which is causing an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 24% larger than the polar radius. 16 Persei is
16_Persei
Star in the constellation Cygnus
radius. The rapid rotation is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 18% wider than the polar radius. It is radiating 7,305 times
Upsilon_Cygni
Star in the constellation Scutum
222 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with a prominent equatorial bulge that is estimated to be 21% larger than the polar radius. The star
Gamma_Scuti
Star in the constellation Cetus
116 to 237 km/s, and this high rate of spin is giving the star an equatorial bulge that is 12% larger than the polar radius. 2 Ceti is about 217 million
2_Ceti
Star in the constellation Hydrus
velocity of 162 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 7% larger than the polar radius. The star has 2.25 times the
Delta_Hydri
homogeneous sphere and geometrically considered an ellipsoid -that is, its equatorial bulge is ignored in the gravitational computation but not with respect to
AN/FPS-17
Star in the constellation Ursa Major
of about 158 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 6% larger than the polar radius. 18 UMa is about
18_Ursae_Majoris
2010 documentary television series
future. With less centrifugal force generated by Earth's rotation, the equatorial bulge begins to disappear, and water starts moving towards the poles. Russia
Aftermath_(2010_TV_series)
Star in the constellation Hercules
a projected rotational velocity of 155 km/s, which is creating an equatorial bulge that is 5% larger than the star's polar radius. It is about 2.2 times
69_Herculis
Binary star system in the constellation Vulpecula
velocity of 136 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 21% larger than the polar radius. It is 742 million
16_Vulpeculae
Star in the constellation Serpens
The rapid rotation gives the star an oblate shape with a prominent equatorial bulge. 64 Serpentis is about 170 million years old with roughly 4.4 times
64_Serpentis
Star in the constellation Lynx
spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 233 km/s, giving it an equatorial bulge that is 17% larger than the polar radius. Zorec et al. (2012) estimate
24_Lyncis
EQUATORIAL BULGE
EQUATORIAL BULGE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Bolger.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a leather worker, from Middle English, Old French boulgier, an agent derivative of Old French boulge ‘leather bag’, ‘wallet’ (Middle English bulge).Irish (South Leinster) : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Bolguidhir ‘descendant of Bolgodhar’, a personal name composed of the elements bolg ‘belly’ + odhar ‘yellow’, ‘sallow’.Perhaps an altered spelling of German Bohlinger or Bolinger.
EQUATORIAL BULGE
EQUATORIAL BULGE
Boy/Male
Hindu
An incarnation of Lord Vishnu, Son of Atri
Girl/Female
Muslim
India, Female deer
Girl/Female
Indian
Fragrance
Boy/Male
Hindu
Pleasure-seeking, Well-groomed (A great king in the dynasty of the moon-god (all kshatriyas are descendents either of Chandra, the moon-god, or Surya, the sun-god) who ruled the earth for thousands of years.)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Foulks.
Male
Arthurian
, (Sir) rejoicing; a Knight of the Round Table.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Celebrity, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
Slave; Servant
Girl/Female
Hindu
Goddess Parvati, Consort of Lord Shiva, Crying
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Colgrove.Probably an Americanized form of German Kohlgrube, a habitational name from any of twelve places so named, probably from Middle High German kol ‘coal’ + gruobe ‘pit’, or an altered spelling of Kohlgraf, an occupational name for an overseer of the coal trade.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Crest jewel
EQUATORIAL BULGE
EQUATORIAL BULGE
EQUATORIAL BULGE
EQUATORIAL BULGE
EQUATORIAL BULGE
v. i.
To bilge, as a ship; to founder.
v. i.
To swell, or be prominent, beyond the adjacent surface; to bulge out.
v. i.
To swell and become protuberant, like the belly; to bulge.
n.
Deviation of an ellipse or a spheroid from the form of a circle or a sphere; especially, in reference to the figure of the earth, the difference between the equatorial and polar semidiameters, divided by the equatorial; thus, the ellipticity of the earth is /.
n.
A distortion bulge, bend, or kink, as in a saw blade or a plate of sheet metal.
n.
A swelling, protuberant part; a bending outward, esp. when caused by pressure; as, a bulge in a wall.
a.
Of or pertaining to the equator; as, equatorial climates; also, pertaining to an equatorial instrument.
n.
An instrument consisting of a telescope so mounted as to have two axes of motion at right angles to each other, one of them parallel to the axis of the earth, and each carrying a graduated circle, the one for measuring declination, and the other right ascension, or the hour angle, so that the telescope may be directed, even in the daytime, to any star or other object whose right ascension and declination are known. The motion in right ascension is sometimes communicated by clockwork, so as to keep the object constantly in the field of the telescope. Called also an equatorial telescope.
v. t.
To cause to bulge.
v. i.
To protuberate; to bulge out; as, a cask swells in the middle.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Bulge
n.
The bilge or protuberant part of a cask.
v. i.
To bulge.
v. i.
To swell or jut out; to bend outward, as a wall when it yields to pressure; to be protuberant; as, the wall bulges.
a.
Bulged; bulging; bending, or tending to bend, outward.
adv.
So as to have motion or direction parallel to the equator.
v. t.
To swell; to bulge out.
n.
The bilge of a vessel. See Bilge, 2.
imp. & p. p.
of Bulge