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See searches and references containing ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION!ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
Policy advocating for fewer government regulations
rise to this challenge." In developing countries, economic liberalization refers more to liberalization or further "opening up" of their respective economies
Economic_liberalization
Relaxation of previous government restrictions
to economic liberalization, the removal or reduction of restrictions placed upon (a particular sphere of) economic activity. However, liberalization can
Liberalization
The economic liberalization of Myanmar refers to the policy of liberalization orienting Myanmar laws toward an open market economy. This process was initiated
Economic liberalization in Myanmar
Economic_liberalization_in_Myanmar
Khoban, Roza (2025). "The Impact of Trade Liberalization in the Presence of Political Distortions". American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. 17 (3): 1–41
Economic liberalisation in India
Economic_liberalisation_in_India
series of deregulations such as the following: Price liberalization for selected sectors Liberalization for agricultural price which abolished state monopoly
New_Economic_Mechanism_(Laos)
Political and economic ideology
United States Constitutional economics Doux commerce Economic freedom Economic liberalization Economic progressivism Georgism Laissez-faire Libertarianism
Economic_liberalism
Economic reforms in China since 1978
Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, halting further political liberalization. The economic reforms were revived after Deng Xiaoping's southern tour in 1992
Reform_and_opening_up
contrasts with economic liberalization. Economists note widespread economic repression in developing countries. The main goal of economic repression is
Economic_repression
rates have started to become apparent. Liberalization critics argue the phenomenon is a result of failed liberalization policies. During the 1980s there was
Feminization_of_agriculture
monetary reforms, the Milei administration aggressively pursued structural liberalization. Trade policies were overhauled through the reduction of import tariffs
Economic reforms of Javier Milei
Economic_reforms_of_Javier_Milei
Indian civil servant and former Governor of Reserve Bank of India (1931–2023)
International Monetary Fund's stabilization program and started on its economic liberalization program, including devaluation of the Indian rupee. During this
S._Venkitaramanan
Dictator of Chile from 1973 to 1990
market–oriented "Chicago Boys", Pinochet's military government implemented economic liberalization following neoliberalism. This policy included currency stabilization
Augusto_Pinochet
Provision of energy utilities by market mechanisms
"British Experience of Electricity Liberalisation: A Model for India?". Economic and Political Weekly. 40 (50): 5260–5268. JSTOR 4417518. "The politics
Energy_liberalisation
Ramaswami & Wadhwa (2011), Economic liberalization and Indian economic growth: What's the evidence?, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 49, No. 4,
Economy_of_India
Period of Spanish history (1936–1975)
isolation and autarky, the regime shifted in the 1950s toward economic liberalization and technocratic government. Following Franco's death in 1975,
Francoist_Spain
President and Dictator of Mexico from 1876 to 1911
after decades of economic stagnation. He and his allies comprised a group of technocrats known as científicos ("scientists"), whose economic policies benefited
Porfirio_Díaz
Freedom to make economic decisions
Anglo-Saxon model Capitalism and Freedom Economic liberalism Economic liberalization Economic Freedom of the World Economic, social and cultural rights Free association
Economic_freedom
French law abolishing guilds and establishing freedom of trade
pivotal step towards economic liberalization during the French Revolution. The Allarde Decree was influenced by earlier liberalization attempts, such as
Allarde_Decree
Absence of government restriction on international trade
negotiations must constantly pedal towards greater liberalization. To achieve greater liberalization, decision makers must appeal to the greater welfare
Free_trade
Concept in economics
In mainstream economics, economic surplus, also known as total welfare or total social welfare or Marshallian surplus (after Alfred Marshall), is either
Economic_surplus
After World War II, many countries adopted policies of economic liberalization in order to stimulate their economies. The period directly after the war
Economic liberalization in the post–World War II era
Economic_liberalization_in_the_post–World_War_II_era
Economic reforms in North Korea
The North Korean economic reform refers to the program of reform and restructuring of the North Korean economy. Economic reforms have been increasing
North_Korean_economic_reform
Political ideology promoting free-market capitalism
market-based reforms. Neoliberalism is often associated with a set of economic liberalization policies, including lower taxes, privatization, deregulation, depoliticisation
Neoliberalism
Policy". Liberalization and Economic Crisis in Pakistan. Financial Techniques Internationale, Pakistan (Exchange Rate Policy). Jeddah Economic Forum. "Shaukat
Economic liberalisation in Pakistan
Economic_liberalisation_in_Pakistan
International economic globalization
Certain demographic changes in the developing world after active economic liberalization and international integration resulted in rising welfare and hence
Economic_globalization
Hungarian economic reforms from 1968
The New Economic Mechanism (NEM) (Hungarian: Új gazdasági mechanizmus) was a major economic reform launched in the People's Republic of Hungary in 1968
New_Economic_Mechanism
process of economic liberalization by dismantling the command economy and moving towards a mixed economy modeled after Lenin's New Economic Policy. The
Economy_of_the_Soviet_Union
Sudden release of price and currency controls
simultaneously in order to liberalize an economy, including liberalization of all prices, privatization, trade liberalization, and stabilization via tight
Shock_therapy_(economics)
Socioeconomic and political conjuncture in 21st century Venezuela
dollars for transactions. In 2022, after the implementation of mild economic liberalization, poverty decreased slightly and the economy grew for the first
Crisis_in_Venezuela
Vietnamese market reforms beginning in late 1986
partners, Vietnam was forced to liberalize trade, devalue its exchange rate to increase exports, and embark on a policy of economic development. In the years
Đổi_Mới
Monetary authority of Mozambique
as the central bank of the country. Amid growing inflation and economic liberalization BOM is facing new challenges. Mozambique's privatisation has been
Bank_of_Mozambique
Pakistani economist (1934–1998)
Minister with the Government of Pakistan, and oversaw a period of economic liberalization in the country. In 1989, he moved back to the United States, where
Mahbub_ul_Haq
global politics. Liberalization was characterized by a gradual reduction in state support, the abolition of subsidies, price liberalization, and so on: that
Al-Ta'addudiyya Al-Iqtisadiyya
Al-Ta'addudiyya_Al-Iqtisadiyya
Prime Minister of India from 1990 to 1991
his Economic Advisor. Subramanian Swamy along with Manmohan Singh and Montek Singh Ahluwalia prepared a series of documents on economic liberalization but
Chandra_Shekhar
Group of macroeconomic theories
debtor-creditor relationships". The new system is not founded on free trade (liberalization of foreign trade) but rather on regulating international trade to eliminate
Keynesian_economics
State of Mexico
state is divided into nine economic regions. These regions were established in the 1980s in order to facilitate statewide economic planning. Many of these
Chiapas
Indian multinational conglomerate
Tata became chairman of Tata Group. This was also the year of economic liberalization in India, opening up the market to foreign competitors. During
Tata_Group
Topics referred to by the same term
Liberalize may refer to: Liberalism, a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality Liberalization, relaxation of government
Liberalize
period. Fujimori's economic policy was largely adopted from the advice of Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto, who prescribed economic guidelines – including
Economic policy of the Alberto Fujimori administration
Economic_policy_of_the_Alberto_Fujimori_administration
Chinese politician (1913–2002)
guerrilla bases in northwestern China in the 1930s to pioneering economic liberalization in southern China in the 1980s. Known for his political moderation
Xi_Zhongxun
1978 U.S. federal law deregulating the airline industry
in the 1970s. The 1973 oil crisis and stagflation radically changed the economic environment, as did technological advances such as the jumbo jet. Most
Airline_Deregulation_Act
Political and economic philosophy
American political theory, fiscal conservatism or economic conservatism is a political and economic philosophy regarding fiscal policy and fiscal responsibility
Fiscal_conservatism
Military President of Nigeria from 1985 to 1993
world of the United States and the United Kingdom, and implemented economic liberalization and the privatization of state-owned enterprises alongside a national
Ibrahim_Babangida
Prime Minister of Israel (1996–1999; 2009–2021; 2022–present)
tragedies that has ever occurred to us". Netanyahu began a process of economic liberalization, taking steps towards a free-market economy. The government began
Benjamin_Netanyahu
both the Nawaz Sharif and Benazir Bhutto governments supported economic liberalization and privatization policies, neither were able to successfully implement
Economic_history_of_Pakistan
part and public sector salaries were frozen till December 1985. The liberalization of the market. This include the end of protection of certain destitute
Supreme_Decree_21060
President of Bangladesh from 1977 to 1981
with pragmatic policies through economic liberalization and civic nationalism that significantly contributed to the economic recovery of the country. He is
Ziaur_Rahman
French politician and proponent of economic liberalization
French politician and legislator known for his contributions to economic liberalization during the French Revolution. Pierre Gilbert Le Roy was born into
Pierre_d'Allarde
Restructuring of state enterprise to become market-oriented
accountable and efficient. Critics of globalization, privatization, and liberalization have deemed that it is unworkable without major government regulations
Marketization
averaging nearly 6% yearly GDP growth. This economic growth was the result of economic liberalization policies pursued during the 2000s and the country's
Economy_of_Slovakia
Asian political and economic intergovernmental organization
the Member States with each other and with the outside world; Economic liberalization and privatization; Mobilization and utilization of ECO region's
Economic Cooperation Organization
Economic_Cooperation_Organization
as directly responsible for stabilizing the idea of capital account liberalization. Despite changes in wording over the years, and additional safeguards
Capital account convertibility
Capital_account_convertibility
to be constructed in Nanjing in the 90s, a decade after China's economic liberalization. Since 2010, the tallest building in Nanjing has been the Zifeng
List of tallest buildings in Nanjing
List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Nanjing
Indian public policy analyst
impending Balance of Payments economic crisis, and subsequently accelerating efforts toward the 1991 Economic Liberalization of India. Aiyar is a contributor
Shankkar_Aiyar
Economic doctrine in which the state plays a strong directory role
[diʁiʒism]), or dirigism (from French diriger 'to direct'), refers to an economic system in which the state takes an active and directive role in shaping
Dirigisme
phenomenon has evolved over time, influenced by geopolitical shifts, economic liberalization, and Latvia's position as a strategic transit point between East
Organised_crime_in_Latvia
Chinese economic philosophy
corporatization of the state sector, partial privatization of some enterprises, liberalization of trade and prices and dismantling of the "iron rice bowl" system of
Socialist_market_economy
industries ("parastatals")in the health and agricultural sectors, trade liberalization (lowering or elimination of tariffs on imports), cuts in social spending
Fertilizer subsidies in Sub-Saharan Africa
Fertilizer_subsidies_in_Sub-Saharan_Africa
Term used to describe early stages of Chinese economic reform
used to describe the fast growth of Shenzhen as one of the first special economic zones of China, which has been called "China's Silicon Valley" and the
Shenzhen_speed
Policy of economic liberalization in Ba'athist Syria
al-Infiraj (also known as intifah) refers to the socialist policy of economic liberalization announced by President Hafez al-Assad shortly after coming to power
Infiraj
advance, is an economic term referring to the phenomenon of private companies moving forward as state-owned enterprises retreat from economic life. In the
Retreat of the state, advance of the private sector
Retreat_of_the_state,_advance_of_the_private_sector
Conference of left-wing political parties
after the fall of the Berlin Wall and rising adoption of some economic liberalization policies implemented at the time by right-leaning governments in
São_Paulo_Forum
Leader of Czechoslovakia from 1968 to 1969
human face", Dubček led a process that accelerated cultural and economic liberalization in Czechoslovakia. Reforms were opposed by conservatives inside
Alexander_Dubček
Deregulation in the airline sector
this decrease is said to be relatively small. Beyond the domestic liberalization of the airlines in the U.S., Open Skies agreements are bilateral agreements
Airline_deregulation
City in Jämtland, Sweden
truly become a city, after the arrival of the railroad and the economic liberalization of that time. Östersund is situated in inland Scandinavia and connected
Östersund
Economic and political term
a term used to describe government economic policies that disproportionately favor the upper tier of the economic spectrum (wealthy individuals and large
Trickle-down_economics
Economic policies of fascist governments
specifically fascist type of economic policy can be said to exist. David Baker argues that there is an identifiable economic system in fascism that is distinct
Economics_of_fascism
Economic & social views and political style of Turgut Özal in Turkey
downsizing and operationalization of the public, governance, and economic liberalization. In this framework, Özal and his party ANAP became the architects
Özalism
Ruling party of Bulgaria from 1946 to 1990
Gorbachev took power in 1985, the BCP underwent political and economic liberalization, which promptly liquidated the party and dissolved the People's
Bulgarian_Communist_Party
liberalisation. The economic journal, 107(442), 754-770. Singh, A. (1997). Financial liberalisation, stockmarkets and economic development. The economic journal,
Financial_liberalisation
1986 reform of the London Stock Exchange
Minister of the United Kingdom Premiership Policies Thatcherism domestic economic other Appointments Ministers wets and dries Articles by ministry and term:
Big_Bang_(financial_markets)
domestic product of $28.5 billion as of 2016, there has been some economic liberalization, particularly after Kim Jong Un assumed the leadership in 2012
Economy_of_North_Korea
Term coined by Milton Friedman
of bank deregulation. The economic reforms implemented by the Chicago Boys had three main objectives: economic liberalization, privatization of state-owned
Miracle_of_Chile
Type of economic system
ISBN 978-1107000391. LCCN 2020039520. McKinnon, R.I. (1993) [1991]. The Order of Economic Liberalization: Financial Control in the Transition to a Market Economy. The Johns
Market_economy
Ethno-cultural region in Asia
visited Tibet and ushered in a period of social, political, and economic liberalization. At the end of the decade, however, before the Tiananmen Square
Tibet
Views of the incumbent president of Argentina
Argentina and taxation policies, proposing radical changes aimed at economic liberalization and restructuring of governmental ministries. He proposes radical
Political positions of Javier Milei
Political_positions_of_Javier_Milei
Peruvian airline
the deregulation of Peru's commercial aviation sector during the economic liberalization period of President Alberto Fujimori after the country's 1980s
Expresso_Aéreo
1970-2000 reformist program by Hafez al-Assad
recruitment into the Ba'ath Party, and a limited degree of economic and political liberalization. The Corrective Movement program was the new government's
Corrective_Movement_(Syria)
Law enforcement agency and economic intelligence agency of India
of the Department of Personnel & Administrative Reforms. With economic liberalization in the 1990s, FERA 1973 was repealed and replaced by the Foreign
Enforcement_Directorate
Concept in economics
In economics, profit is the difference between revenue that an economic entity has received from its outputs and total costs of its inputs, also known
Profit_(economics)
Form of economic liberalisation
Unbundled access is an often practiced form of regulation during liberalization, where new entrants of the market (challengers) are offered access to facilities
Unbundled_access
81 BCE policy debate in Han China
the empire to come to the capital, Chang'an, to debate the government's economic policies. The debate was characterized by two opposing factions, the reformists
Discourses_on_Salt_and_Iron
School of economic thought
The Austrian school of economics is a school of economic thought that advocates strict adherence to methodological individualism, the concept that social
Austrian_school_of_economics
Person involved in activities for profit
combination of human, financial, intellectual, and physical capital to fuel economic development and growth. Merchants emerged as a social class in medieval
Businessperson
Economic policies intended to reduce government budget deficits
In economic policy, austerity is a set of political-economic policies that aim to reduce government budget deficits through spending cuts, tax increases
Austerity
School of thought in monetary economics
opponent of Keynesian economics, criticising Keynes's theory of fighting economic downturns using fiscal policy (e.g. government spending). Friedman and
Monetarism
Modification of market activity
groups. Economic interventions can be aimed at a variety of political or economic objectives, including but not limited to promoting economic growth,
Market_intervention
Economic system free from interventionism
financial area, it is a type of economic system in which transactions between private individuals are free from any form of economic interventionism (such as
Laissez-faire
Pakistani economist and strategist (1929–2021)
India, citing 'economic reasons'. During his tenure as the Finance Minister he was noted a strong proponent of economic liberalization. In 2004, he moved
Sartaj_Aziz
Coup d'état attempt in Venezuela
President Carlos Andrés Pérez and occurred in a period marked by economic liberalization reforms, which were attempted in order to decrease the country's
February 1992 Venezuelan coup attempt
February_1992_Venezuelan_coup_attempt
Transferring something from the public sphere to the private
generate economic gains in developing economies". According to a 2008 study published in Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, liberalization and privatization
Privatization
Economic policy emphasizing exports
Adam Smith (1723–1790) and of the classical economists. French economic policy liberalized greatly under Napoleon (in power from 1799 to 1814/1815). The
Mercantilism
strong defence policy, espousing skepticism on India, favouring economic liberalization, opposition to secularization & Westernization, and maintaining
Conservatism_in_Bangladesh
Economic policies for developing nations
encompassed free-market promoting policies such as trade liberalization, privatization and finance liberalization. They also entailed fiscal and monetary policies
Washington_Consensus
Increasing worldwide interdependence
factors, including the reduction of barriers to international trade, the liberalization of capital movements, the development of transportation infrastructure
Globalization
Reduction of an asset by a business
other key business units, to implement a business separation. With economic liberalization of the Indian economy, India's Ministry of Finance set up a separate
Divestment
same-sex marriage or civil unions. Trzaskowski supported moderate economic liberalization, social liberalism, ecological regulations, European integration
2025 Polish presidential election
2025_Polish_presidential_election
2002. Critics of the policy of economic liberalization pursued during the Menem Presidency argued that Argentina's economic woes were caused by neoliberalism
Economic_history_of_Argentina
Indian news magazine
June 1997, to keep pace with the accelerating news cycle after economic liberalization, the publication transitioned from a fortnightly to a weekly format
India_Today
in three decades since India's economic liberalization in the 1990s. However, after the announcement of the economic package in mid-May, India's GDP
Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India
travel, tourism, insurance
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
Boy/Male
Muslim
One who is economical, Thrifty
Surname or Lastname
Muslim
Muslim : from a personal name based on Arabic shÄd ‘happy’.English : metonymic occupational name for a fisherman or fish seller, from Old English sceadd ‘shad’, a kind of fish. Reaney and Wilson note that during the Old English period there was a ‘shad season’, so it must have been of some economic importance.Americanized spelling of German Schade.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Ralph.A Francis Rawle from the parish of St. Juliot in Cornwall, England, was recorded as living in Plymouth, MA, in 1660. Devout Quakers seeking to escape persecution, the family emigrated to PA in 1686, bringing with them a deed from William Penn for a tract of 2,500 acres of land, which was subsequently located in Plymouth township, Philadelphia (now Montgomery) Co. His son, who had six sons himself, was a political economist and one of the first people to write on the subject and its local applications in America.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
One who is economical thrifty
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Frugal; Thrifty; Economical; One who is Economical; The Provident
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English appel ‘apple’ (Old English æppel), acquired as a surname in any of various senses: a topographic name for someone living by an apple orchard; an occupational name for a grower or seller of apples; or a nickname for someone supposed to resemble an apple in some way, e.g. in having bright red cheeks. The economic importance in medieval northern Europe of apples, as a fruit that could be grown in a cold climate and would keep for use throughout the winter, is hard to appreciate in these days of rapid transportation and year-round availability of fruits of all kind.Americanized form of Appel or Apfel.
Boy/Male
Indian
One who is economical, Thrifty
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
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